A mermaid (from the Middle English mere in the obsolete sense 'sea' (as in maritime, the Latin mare, "sea") + maid(en)) is a legendary aquatic creature with the head and torso of human female and the tail of a fish. Middle English is the name given by Historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of An ocean (from Greek, ''Okeanos'' (Oceanus) is a major body of saline water, and a principal component of the Hydrosphere. A legendary creature is a mythological or folkloric creature (often known as "fabulous creatures" in historical literature An aquatic animal is an Animal which lives in water for most or all of the time The male version of a mermaid is called a merman; gender-neutral plurals could be merpeople or merfolk. Mermen are mythical Male Legendary creatures who are Human from the Waist up and Fish -like from the waist down Various cultures throughout the world have similar figures.

Much like sirens, mermaids would sometimes sing to sailors and enchant them, distracting them from their work and causing them to walk off the deck or cause shipwrecks. In Greek mythology, the Sirens ( Greek singular Seirēn; Greek plural Seirēnes) were three dangerous bird-women Other stories would have them squeeze the life out of drowning men while trying to rescue them. They are also said to take them down to their underwater kingdoms. In Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Mermaid it is said that they forget that humans cannot breathe underwater, while others say they drown men out of spite. Hans Christian Andersen (ˈhanˀs ˈkʰʁæʂd̥jan ˈɑnɐsn̩ in Danish or simply H The Little Mermaid (Den lille havfrue is a Fairy tale by the Danish Poet and Author Hans Christian Andersen about a young

The Sirens of Greek mythology are sometimes portrayed in later folklore as mermaid-like; in fact, some languages use the same word for both creatures. In Greek mythology, the Sirens ( Greek singular Seirēn; Greek plural Seirēnes) were three dangerous bird-women Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the ancient Greeks concerning their gods and Heroes the nature of the world and the origins and significance History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological Other related types of mythical or legendary creature are water fairies (e. The word mythology (from the Greek grc μυθολογία mythología, meaning "a story-telling a legendary lore" A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to For the plant species see Ceratopteris thalictroides (given an honourable name for its purpose in Hydroculture. g. various water nymphs) and selkies, animals that can transform themselves from seals to humans. In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of mythological entities in human female form Selkies (also known as silkies or selchies) are creatures found in Faroese, Icelandic Irish, and Scottish Mythology

Prior to the mid 19th century, mariners referred to Manatee and Dugongs as mermaids. Manatees ( family Trichechidae, Genus Trichechus) are large fully aquatic Marine mammals sometimes known as sea The dugong ( Dugong dugon) is a large Marine Mammal which together with the Manatees is one of four living species of the order Sirenia

Contents 1 Legend and myth 1.1 Ancient Near East 1.2 Arabian Nights 1.3 British 1.4 Other 2 Symbolism 3 Art and literature 3.1 Heraldry 4 Popular culture 5 Hoaxes 6 Sirenomelia 7 See also 8 References 9 External links

Legend and myth

Ancient Near East

Tales of mermaids are nearly universal. The Honourable John Maler Collier OBE RP ROI ( January 27, 1850 &ndash April 11, 1934) was a British writer and painter in The first known mermaid stories appeared in Assyria, ca. History The concept of folklore developed as part of the 19th century ideology of Romantic nationalism, leading to the reshaping of oral traditions to serve modern ideological Early history The most Neolithic site in Assyria is at Tell Hassuna, the center of the Hassuna culture 1000 BC. Atargatis, the mother of Assyrian queen Semiramis, was a goddess who loved a mortal shepherd and in the process killed him. For the metal band see Atargatis (band. Atargatis, in Aramaic ‘Atar‘atah, was a Syrian deity "the great Semiramis was a legendary Assyrian queen also known as Semiramide, Semiramida, or Shamiram in Aramaic Ashamed, she jumped into a lake to take the form of a fish, but the waters would not conceal her divine beauty. Thereafter, she took the form of a mermaid — human above the waist, fish below — though the earliest representations of Atargatis showed her as being a fish with a human head and legs, similar to the Babylonian Ea. Babylonia was an Amorite state in lower Mesopotamia (modern southern Iraq) with Babylon as its capital Enki ( Sumerian: dENKI(G 𒂗𒆠 was a Deity in Sumerian mythology, later known as Ea in Babylonian mythology The Greeks recognized Atargatis under the name Derketo. Prior to 546 BC, the Milesian philosopher Anaximander proposed that mankind had sprung from an aquatic species of animal. Anaximander ( Ancient Greek:) (c 610 BC–c 546 BC was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher who lived in Miletus He thought that humans, with their extended infancy, could not have survived early on. This idea does not appear to have survived Anaximander's death.

A popular Greek legend has Alexander the Great's sister, Thessalonike, turn into a mermaid after she died. Alexander the Great ( or, Mégas Aléxandros; July 20 356 BC June 10 or June 11 323 BC also known as Alexander III of Macedon (el Ἀλέξανδρος Γ' Thessalonike (Θεσσαλονίκη (342 - 295 BC was a Greek princess the daughter of Macedonian king Philip II of Macedon, by his Thessalian ^[1] She lived, it was said, in the Aegean and when sailors would encounter her, she would ask them only one question: "Is Alexander the king alive?" (Greek: Ζει ο βασιλιάς Αλέξανδρος;), to which the correct answer would be "He lives and still rules" (Greek: Ζει και βασιλεύει). Etymology In ancient times there were various explanations for the name Aegean. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly Any other answer would spur her into a rage, where she transformed into a Gorgon and meant doom for the ship and every sailor onboard. In Greek mythology, a gorgon ( Greek: γοργώ or γοργών transl

Lucian of Samosata in Syria (2nd century AD) in De Dea Syria ("Concerning the Syrian Goddess") wrote of the Syrian temples he had visited:

"Among them - Now that is the traditional story among them concerning the temple. Lucian of Samosata (Λουκιανός ὁ Σαμοσατεύς Lucianus c Syria ( سوريّة or) officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic ar الجمهورية العربية السورية But other men swear that Semiramis of Babylonia, whose deeds are many in Asia, also founded this site, and not for Hera Atargatis but for her own Mother, whose name was Derketo"

"I saw the likeness of Derketo in Phoenicia, a strange marvel. Babylonia was an Amorite state in lower Mesopotamia (modern southern Iraq) with Babylon as its capital For the metal band see Atargatis (band. Atargatis, in Aramaic ‘Atar‘atah, was a Syrian deity "the great For the metal band see Atargatis (band. Atargatis, in Aramaic ‘Atar‘atah, was a Syrian deity "the great Phoenicia ( Phoenician: Phoenician nunsvg|12px|נ]]Phoenician nun It is woman for half its length, but the other half, from thighs to feet, stretched out in a fish's tail. But the image in the Holy City is entirely a woman, and the grounds for their account are not very clear. Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the They consider fishes to be sacred, and they never eat them; and though they eat all other fowls, they do not eat the dove, for she is holy so they believe. And these things are done, they believe, because of Derketo and Semiramis, the first because Derketo has the shape of a fish, and the other because ultimately Semiramis turned into a dove. Semiramis was a legendary Assyrian queen also known as Semiramide, Semiramida, or Shamiram in Aramaic Well, I may grant that the temple was a work of Semiramis perhaps; but that it belongs to Derketo I do not believe in any way. For among the Egyptians, some people do not eat fish, and that is not done to honor Derketo. This article is about the contemporary North African ethnic group "^[2]

Arabian Nights

The Arabian Nights include several tales featuring "Sea People", such as Djullanar the Sea-girl. Unlike the depiction in other mythologies, these are anatomically identical to land-bound humans, differing only in their ability to breathe and live underwater. They can (and do) interbreed with land humans, the children of such unions inheriting the ability to live underwater.

British

Mermaids were noted in British folklore as both ominous, foretelling disaster, and provoking it. ^[3] Several variants of the ballad Sir Patrick Spens depict a mermaid speaking to the doomed ships; in some, she tells them they will never see land again, and in others, she claims they are near shore, which they are wise enough to know means the same thing. A ballad is a Poem usually set to Music; thus it often is a story told in a Song. "Sir Patrick Spens" is one of the most popular of the Child Ballads (No They can also be a sign of rough weather. ^[4]

Some mermaids were described as monstrous in size, up to 160 feet. ^[3]

Mermaids could also swim up rivers to freshwater lakes. One day, in a lake near his house, the Laird of Lorntie saw, as he thought, a woman drowning, and went to aid her; a servant of his pulled him back, warning that it was a mermaid, and the mermaid screamed after that she would have killed him if it were not for his servant. A Laird (Lord is a Hereditary title for the owner of a landed estate in Scotland. ^[5]

On occasion, mermaids could be more beneficient, giving humans means of cure. ^[6]

Some tales raised the question of whether mermaids had immortal souls to answer it in the negative. ^[7] The figure of Liban appears as a sanctified mermaid, but she was originally a human being transformed into a mermaid; after three centuries, when Christianity had come to Ireland, she came to be baptized. ^[8]

Mermen were also noted, as wilder and uglier than mermaids, but they were described as having little interest in humans. ^[9]

Other

Among the Neo-Taíno nations of the Caribbean the mermaid is called Aycayía. Neo-taino nations are defined here as the assorted nations of the Caribbean islands that together with the Tainos were described on the arrival of European chroniclers or which arose after this ^[10] Her attributes relate to the goddess Jagua, and the hibiscus flower of the majagua tree Hibiscus tiliaceus. Hibiscus tiliaceus is a large shrub or tree of the family Malvaceae. ^[11] Examples from other cultures are the Mami Wata of West and Central Africa, the Jengu of Cameroon, the Merrow of Ireland and Scotland, the Rusalkas of Russia and Ukraine, and the Greek Oceanids, Nereids, and Naiads. Mami Wata is a pantheon of water Spirits or deities, venerated in West, Central, and Southern Africa West Africa or Western Africa is the Westernmost Region of the African Continent. Central Africa is a core Region of the African Continent often considered to include Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad A jengu (plural miengu) is a water Spirit and Deity in the traditional beliefs of the Sawa ethnic groups of Cameroon, particularly The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. Merrow (from Gaelic murúch) or Murrough ( Galloway) is the Scottish and Irish Gaelic equivalent of the Mermaid and mermen Ireland (pronounced /ˈaɾlənd/ Éire) is the third largest island in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. In Slavic mythology, a rusalka (plural rusalki) was a female Ghost, water Nymph, Succubus or Mermaid -like Demon Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. In Greek and Roman mythology, the Oceanids ( Greek: Ὠκεανίδαι pl In Greek mythology, the Naiads or Naiades (Ναϊάδες from the Greek νάειν "to flow" and νἃμα "running water" One freshwater mermaid-like creature from European folklore is Melusine, who is sometimes depicted with two fish tails, and other times with the lower body of a serpent. Melusine (or Melusina) is a figure of European Legends and Folklore, a feminine spirit of fresh waters in sacred springs and rivers Serpent is a word of Latin origin (from serpens serpentis "something that creeps snake" that is commonly used in a specifically mythic or It is said in Japan that eating the flesh of a mermaid can grant unaging immortality. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Immortality (or eternal life) is the concept of living in physical or spiritual form for an Infinite length of Time. In some European legends mermaids are said to grant wishes.

Also, some people claim they have seen dead or living mermaids in places like Scotland, Malaysia, Java, British Columbia and Haiti. Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain. For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Java (Jawa is an Island of Indonesia and the site of its Capital city Jakarta. British Columbia (ˌbrɪtɨʃ kəˈlʌmbiə ( BC) ( (la Colombie-Britannique C Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: Two recent Canadian reports took place in the Strait of Georgia. The Strait of Georgia or the Georgia Strait (also known as the Gulf of Georgia) is a Strait between Vancouver Island (as well as its nearby ^{[12] [13]}

Mermaids and mermen are also characters of Philippine folklore, where they are locally known as sirena and siyokoy, respectively. Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities Philippine folklore unlike Greek or Roman mythologies, has not been organized into a formal pantheon does not generally contain long Epics, nor has it ^[14] The Javanese people believs that the southern beach in Java is a home of Javanese mermaid queen Nyi Roro Kidul.

Mermaids are said to be known for their vanity, but also for their innocence. They often fall in love with human men, and are willing to go to great extents to prove their love with humans (see mermaid problem). The Mermaid problem is an Observation occasionally mentioned in Literature, concerning the difficulty of having sexual intercourse with a mermaid Unfortunately, especially younger mermaids, often tend to forget humans cannot breathe underwater. Their male counterparts, mermen, are rarely interested in human issues, but in the Finnish mythology mermen are able to grant wishes, heal sickness, lift curses and brew magic potions. Finnish mythology, that of the Finnish people, has many features shared with fellow Finnic Estonian mythology and its non-Finnic neighbours the Balts and

Symbolism

According to Dorothy Dinnerstein’s book, The Mermaid and the Minotaur, human-animal hybrids such as the minotaur and the mermaid convey the emergent understanding of the ancients that human beings were both one with and different from animals and that, as such, humans' "nature is internally inconsistent, that our continuities with, and our differences from, the earth's other animals are mysterious and profound; and in these continuities, and these differences, lie both a sense of strangeness on earth and the possible key to a way of feeling at home here". Dorothy Dinnerstein ( April 4, 1923 &ndash December 17, 1992) was an American Feminist academic and Activist, best ^[15]

Art and literature

One influential image was created by John William Waterhouse, from 1895 to 1905, entitled A Mermaid, (see the top of this article). John William Waterhouse ( April 6, 1849 &ndash February 10, 1917) was an English Pre-Raphaelite painter most An example of late British Academy style artwork, the piece debuted to considerable acclaim (and secured Waterhouse's place as a member of the Royal Academy), but disappeared into a private collection and did not resurface until the 1970s. This article refers to an art institution in London For other meanings of Royal Academy see Royal Academy (disambiguation. It is currently in the collection of Andrew Lloyd-Webber. Andrew Lloyd Webber Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948 is a British Composer of Musical theatre, the elder son of William Lloyd Webber

The most famous in more recent centuries is Hans Christian Andersen's fairytale The Little Mermaid (1836), which has been translated into many languages. Local Government For the purposes of local government classification Zennor elects a parish Council every 3 years Hans Christian Andersen (ˈhanˀs ˈkʰʁæʂd̥jan ˈɑnɐsn̩ in Danish or simply H A fairy tale or fairy story is a fictional Story that may feature folkloric characters (such as fairies, enchantments]] often involving The Little Mermaid (Den lille havfrue is a Fairy tale by the Danish Poet and Author Hans Christian Andersen about a young Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Andersen's portrayal, immortalized with a famous bronze sculpture in Copenhagen harbour, has arguably become the standard and has influenced most modern Western depictions of mermaids since it was published. Copenhagen (ˌkəʊpənˈheɪgən ˌkəʊpənˈhɑːgən ˈkəʊpənˌheɪgən ˈkəʊpənˌhɑːgən kʰøb̥ənˈhɑʊ̯ˀn kʰøb̥m̩ˈhɑʊ̯ˀn is the capital and largest city

The most famous musical depictions of mermaids are those by Felix Mendelssohn in his Fair Melusina overture and the three "Rhine daughters" in Richard Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen. Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, born and generally known as Felix Mendelssohn (February 3 1809 &ndash November 4 1847 was a German Composer Der Ring des Nibelungen ( The Ring of the Nibelung) is a cycle of four epic Music dramas by the German composer A more recent depiction in contemporary concert music is The Weeping Mermaid by Taiwanese composer Fan-Long Ko. Ko Fan-long ( born 1947 is one of Taiwan 's leading composers

Heraldry

In heraldry, the charge of a mermaid is commonly represented with a comb and a mirror, and blazoned as a 'mermaid in her vanity. Heraldry in its most general sense encompasses all matters relating to the duties and responsibilities of officers of arms. ' Merfolk were used to symbolize eloquence in speech.

A shield and sword-wielding mermaid (Syrenka) is on the official Coat of arms of Warsaw, the capital of Poland. In Greek mythology, the Sirens ( Greek singular Seirēn; Greek plural Seirēnes) were three dangerous bird-women The Coat of Arms of Warsaw Gules, a mermaid proper bearing a sword and shield-->consists of a syrenka Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The city of Norfolk, Virginia also uses a mermaid as a symbol, and a civic art project with variously decorated mermaid sculptures has been displayed all over the municipal area. Norfolk is an Independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States The capital city of Hamilton, Bermuda has the mermaid in its coat of arms, displayed across the city. Hamilton is the Capital of Bermuda. Although there is a parish of the same name, the city of Hamilton is in the parish of Pembroke.

The personal coat of arms of Michaëlle Jean, Canada's Governor General, features two Simbi, mermaid-like spirits from Haitian Vodou, as supporters. Michaëlle Jean, CC CMM COM CD ʒɑ̃ (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, The Governor General of Canada ( French: Gouverneure générale du Canada, or: Gouverneur général du Canada) is the vice-regal representative In Haitian Vodou, Simbi (also Sim'bi) is a large and diverse family of serpent Loa (Vodoun Spirit) from the West Central Africa / Kongo Haiti ( English: ˈheɪ·tiː or haɪ·ˈjiː·tiː French Haïti a·i·ti Haitian Creole: vodoo, vodun, or vodoun may refer to any of West African vodun, a west African religion Haitian vodou, mostly derived In Heraldry, supporters are figures usually placed on either side of the shield and depicted holding it up

Popular culture

Main article: Mermaids in popular culture

Like many creatures from mythology and folklore, mermaids appear regularly in popular media. Mermaids are regularly depicted in literature film and music like many creatures of Mythology and Folklore. The two most ubiquitous images are surely the Disney character based on the tale by Andersen (see "Art and Literature," above) and the logo for the Starbucks coffee chain, which features a twin-tailed mermaid wearing a crown under a star. Walter Elias Disney (December 5 1901 – December 15 1966 was a multiple Academy Award -winning American Film producer, director, Screenwriter Starbucks Corporation ( is an international Coffee and coffeehouse chain based in Seattle Washington. In Disney the two-fold nature of mermaids is exploited to tell a coming-of-age story in which the sea represents childhood and land represents adult life--a place where one stands on one's "own two feet. Coming of age is a young person's transition from Adolescence to Adulthood The age at which this transition takes place varies in society as does the nature " For most of the story the adolescent heroine is torn between the two worlds. The Starbucks mermaid echoes the nautical implications in the name of the franchise (drawn from the famous Starbuck character in Herman Melville's Moby-Dick) while the representation itself is indebted to the pictures of mermaids often encountered on the "Star" card in many Latin suited Tarot decks. Herman Melville (August 1 1819 &ndash September 28 1891 was an American novelist Short story writer Essayist and poet Moby-Dick is an 1851 Novel by Herman Melville. The story tells the adventures of the wandering sailor Ishmael and his voyage on the whaleship The tarot (also known as tarocchi, tarock or similar names is typically a set of seventy-eight cards comprised of twenty-one trump cards, one

Hoaxes

During the Renaissance and Baroque eras, dugongs, frauds and victims of sirenomelia were exhibited in wunderkammers as mermaids. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc The dugong ( Dugong dugon) is a large Marine Mammal which together with the Manatees is one of four living species of the order Sirenia The Jenny Haniver was the name of an airship in the Mortal Engines Quartet novels by Philip Reeve. Sirenomelia, alternatively known as Mermaid Syndrome is a very rare Congenital deformity in which the legs are fused together giving the appearance of a Mermaid For the 2002 novel by Douglas Preston and Lincoln Child see The Cabinet of Curiosities For the 2008 Jane's Addiction box set see A Cabinet of Curiosities

In the 19th century, P. T. Barnum displayed in his museum a taxidermal hoax called the Fiji mermaid. The 19th century of the Common Era began on January 1, 1801 and ended on December 31, 1900, according to the Gregorian calendar Phineas Taylor Barnum (July 5 1810 &ndash April 7 1891 was an American Showman remembered for Hoaxes and for founding the Circus that became the Taxidermy ( Greek for "skin arrangement" is the art of mounting or reproducing Animals for display (e A Fiji mermaid (also Feejee mermaid) was a common feature of Sideshows During the Renaissance and the Baroque eras it was a staple of Others have perpetrated similar hoaxes, which are usually papier-mâché fabrications or parts of deceased creatures, usually monkeys and fish, stitched together for the appearance of a grotesque mermaid. Papier-mâché ( French for 'chewed-up paper' because of its appearance sometimes called paper-mâché, is a construction material that consists of pieces of In the wake of the 2004 tsunami, pictures of Fiji "mermaids" were passed around on the internet as something that had washed up amid the devastation, though they were no more real than Barnum's exhibit. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea Earthquake that occurred at 005853 UTC on December 26 2004 with an Epicentre off the west coast of ^[16]

Sirenomelia

Sirenomelia, also called "mermaid syndrome", is a rare congenital disorder in which a child is born with his or her legs fused together and the genitalia are reduced. Sirenomelia, alternatively known as Mermaid Syndrome is a very rare Congenital deformity in which the legs are fused together giving the appearance of a Mermaid A congenital disorder is a disease or disorder that is present at birth A disease is an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs bodily functions and can be deadly A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined is any of the anatomical parts of the body which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute This condition is about as rare as conjoined twins and is usually fatal within a day or two of birth because of kidney and bladder complications. Conjoined twins are whose bodies are joined in utero A rare phenomenon the occurrence is estimated to range from 1 in 50000 births to 1 in 200000 births with a somewhat higher incidence The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles In Anatomy, the urinary bladder is a hollow muscular, and distensible (or elastic organ that sits on the Pelvic floor in Mammals It is the Four^[17] survivors are known to be alive today, with two of them – 19 year-old and 2 year-old girls – having undergone successful operations to separate their legs.

See also

• Aquamarine (film)
• Cecaelia
• Cryptid
• Cryptozoology
• Dyesebel
• H2O: Just Add Water
• Marina
• Merman
• Mermaid Series
• Mermaid Problem
• Merrow
• Melusine
• Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch
• Mermaid Saga
• Ningyo
• Nix
• Rusalkas
• War with the Newts
• Weeki Wachee Springs
• The Little Mermaid
• The Mermaid and the Boy
• The Nixie of the Mill-Pond
• The Sea-Maiden
• Sirens
• Splash

References

External links

• Mermaid History
• "The Mermaid" by Heinz Insu Fenkl, from the mermaid-themed Summer 2003 issue of the Journal of Mythic Arts
• The mermaid goddess Derketo from Lucian of Samosata's On the Syrian God (2c. AD)
• Coney Island Mermaid Parade mermaids on parade
• 17th century pamphlet telling the story of an alleged sighting of a mermaid near Pendine, Wales, in 1603

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