| Mendoza | |
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| Nickname: Ciudad | |
  Mendoza
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | Argentina |
| Province | Mendoza |
| Department | Mendoza |
| Settled | 1561 |
| Founder | Pedro del Castillo |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Víctor Fayad, Radical Civic Union (UCR) |
| Area | |
| - City | 54 km² (20. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Regions See also Geography of Argentina The country is also divided into six or seven regions (seven when The Pampas is divided into the Pampas' plains Mendoza is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the western central part of the country in the Cuyo region Capital is a department ( Municipality) of Mendoza Province in Argentina. The Radical Civic Union (in Spanish Unión Cívica Radical, UCR) is a Political party in Argentina. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 746. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. 5 m (2,449 ft) |
| Population (2001)[1] | |
| - City | 112,900 |
| - Density | 2,055. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 4/km² (5,323. 5/sq mi) |
| - Urban | 972,595 |
| - Demonym | Mendocenean |
| CPA Base | M 5500 |
| Area code(s) | +54 261 |
| Website: www.ciudaddemendoza.gov.ar | |
Mendoza (IPA: /men'dōzə/) is the capital city of Mendoza Province, in Argentina. A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a People or the inhabitants of a place The Argentine postal code is a system that assigns at least one unique alphanumeric Postal code to each Municipality. ISO 3166-2AR is an ISO standard which defines Geocodes it is the subset of ISO 3166-2 which applies to Argentina. A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks General phone calls within Argentina In Argentina, changes were made to area codes in 1999 when the telephone network was split up into three different areas with Mendoza is one of the 23 provinces of Argentina, located in the western central part of the country in the Cuyo region For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. It is located in the northern-central part of the province, in a region of foothills and high plains, on the eastern side of the Andes. The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America. As of the 2001 census [INDEC], Mendoza's population was 110,993. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population National Statistics and Censuses Institute ( Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos, INDEC is the Argentine government agency responsible The metropolitan population was 848,660 in 2001, making Greater Mendoza the fourth largest census metropolitan area in the country. Gran Mendoza (Greater Mendoza is the name given to the large urban connurbation around the city of Mendoza in Argentina.
A major road between Argentina and Chile runs through Mendoza and the city is a frequent stopover for climbers on their way to climb Aconcagua (the highest mountain in the Western Hemisphere) or for other mountaineering, hiking, horseback riding, rafting, and other sports. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Argentina topics. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Cerro Aconcagua is the highest mountain in the Americas, and the highest mountain outside Asia. “Alpinist” redirects here See also Alpinist (magazine Mountaineering is the Sport, Hobby or Profession of The word 'hiking' is understood in all English-speaking countries but there are differences in usage For the Roman class see Equestrian (Roman Equestrianism refers to the skill of riding or driving Horses This broad description Rafting or whitewater rafting is a challenging recreational activity utilizing a Raft to navigate a River or other bodies of water In the winter, skiers come to the city for its easy access to the Andes. A ski is a long flat device worn on the feet designed to help the wearer slide smoothly over snow The Andes form the world's longest exposed Mountain range. They lie as a continuous chain of highland along the western coast of South America.
Two of the main industries of the Mendoza area are wine making and olive oil production. Argentine wine, as with some aspects of Argentine cuisine, has its roots in Spain. Olive oil is a fruit oil obtained from the olive ( Olea europaea; family Oleaceae along with Lilacs Jasmine and ash trees
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History
Mendoza was founded in 1561 by Pedro del Castillo[2]. Before this time it was populated by three tribes, the Huarpes, the Puelches, and the Incas. The Huarpes devised a system of irrigation that was later developed by the Spanish. This allowed for an increase in population that might not have otherwise occurred. The system is still evident today in the wide trenches that run parallel to the city streets. It is estimated that less than 80 Spanish settlers lived in the area before 1600, but later prosperity increased due to the use of indigenous and slave labour, and the application of the Jesuits present in the region. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order When rivers were tapped as a source of irrigation in 1788 agricultural production increased. The extra revenues generated from this, and the ensuing additional trade with Buenos Aires, no doubt led to the creation of the state of Cuyo in 1813 with José de San Martín as governor. Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern José Francisco de San Martín Matorras, also known as José de San Martín ( 25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850) was an Argentine From Mendoza San Martin would organize the army with which he won the independence of Chile and Peru. Chile, officially the Republic of Chile ( Spanish:) is a country in South America occupying a long and narrow Coastal strip wedged between the Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. [3]
Mendoza suffered a severe earthquake in 1861 that killed at least 5,000 people. The 1861 Mendoza earthquake was a major seismic movement in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. Year 1861 ( MDCCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The city was rebuilt, incorporating innovative urban designs that would better tolerate such seismic activity. Mendoza was rebuilt with large squares and wider streets and sidewalks than any other city in Argentina. San Martin street, and five main equidistant squares, are examples of that design. Tourism, wine production, and more recently the exploitation of hard commodities such as oil[4] and uranium[5] ensure Mendoza's status as a key regional centre. Wine is an Alcoholic beverage made from the fermentation of Grape juice
Culture
The festival of the Vendimia represents the grape harvest in early March each year, where 17 beauty queens from each provincial district are nominated, and one winner is selected by a panel of about 50 judges. Fiesta Nacional de la Vendimia ( The Grape Harvest Festival) takes place annaully in Mendoza Province, Argentina. For the Tokyo University supercomputer see Gravity Pipe. GRAPE, or GRA phics P rogramming E nvironment is The queen from Mendoza City cannot be chosen because she acts as host for all other queens.
Mendoza has an intense cultural activity. There are several museums, including a natural history museum called Museo Cornelio Moyano in General San Martín Park and a Historical Foundational Area Museum called Museo del Área Fundacional located in the Pedro del Castillo Square. In Maipú, 15 km southeast from Mendoza, there is the Museo Nacional del Vino (National Wine Museum), which focuses on the history of winemaking in the area. Maipú is a city in Mendoza Province, Argentina. It is the capital of the Maipú Department. In Mayor Drummond, 14 km south from Mendoza, there is the Emiliano Guiñazú - Casa de Fader art museum, hosted in an 1890 mansion where many walls have paintings by the artist Fernando Fader.
Urban structure
The city is centered around Independence Square (Plaza Independencia) with pedestrianized Sarmiento street running through its center. This is a list of noteworthy car-free areas. To be included areas should meet at least one of the following criteria They are unusual for their country or region Other major streets, running perpendicular to Sarmiento, are 9 de Julio St. , San Martín Avenue, and running parallel to Sarmiento are avenues Colón, Arístides Villanueva and Las Heras. Four additional plazas, San Martín, Chile, Italia, and España, are located 2 blocks off each corner of Independence Square. Unique to Mendoza's streets are the exposed stone ditches (small canals) which run alongside many of the roads supplying water to the many trees that provide welcome shade.
The Parque San Martín was designed by Carlos Thays. The Parque General San Martín is a park located in the city of Mendoza, Argentina. Carlos Thays ( August 20, 1849 &ndash January 31, 1934) was a French-Argentine landscape architect. On its premises you can find a zoo, football stadiums, and the Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. The National University of Cuyo (Castilian Universidad Nacional de Cuyo UNCuyo is the largest center of higher education in the province of Mendoza, A view of the city is available from the top of the hill Cerro de la Gloria.
There are many Internet cafes and other establishments that offer wi-fi technology. Restaurants and wine bars on Arístides Villanueva Avenue become very active day and night during weekends and various types of accommodations are available including luxurious five star Park Hyatt Mendoza, facing Plaza Independencia and the soon to be finished Sheraton Hotel.
Climate
Mendoza has very dry summers with wetter winters. Average temperatures for January (summer) are 35 °C (95 °F) during daytime, and 23 °C (73 °F) at night. For July (winter), the average temperatures are 12 °C (53 °F) and 3 °C (38 °F), respectively. Despite the intensity of agriculture possible due to irrigation from major rivers, Mendoza is classified as semi-desert. Annual rainfall is 250mm.
Transportation
Mendoza is 1,037 kilometres from Buenos Aires (13 hours by bus) and 380 kilometres from Santiago, Chile (6-7 hours by bus). Buenos Aires is the Capital and largest city of Argentina. It is geographically located on the southern shore of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern Santiago ( (litteraly in spanish Saint James) is the Capital of Chile, and the center of its largest Conurbation ( Greater Santiago Mendoza also has an International Airport. Governor Francisco Gabrielli International Airport (Aeropuerto Internacional Gobernador Francisco Gabrielli, better known as El Plumerillo International Airport, is located It takes less than 2 hours to fly from Buenos Aires and less than 1 hour from Santiago, Chile.
The Mendoza public transport system includes buses, trolleybuses and taxi-cabs. The trolleybuses are more comfortable than the city buses, but are slower and not as numerous nor is the system as extensive as that for the buses.
A heritage railway or tourist railroad, "The Wine Train" (Tren del Vino) is being planned which will also provide local transportation, it will run along wine producing districts of Mendoza. A heritage railway ( United Kingdom) preserved railway ( United Kingdom) or tourist railroad ( United States and Canada) is a [6]
Transandine Railway
Mendoza developed partly because of its position at the beginning of the Transandine Railway linking it to Santa Rosa de Los Andes in Chile. History The Transandine Railway was first projected in 1854 However the construction of the line was the work of Juan and Mateo Clark Chilean brothers of British descent who were History The Transandine Railway was first projected in 1854 However the construction of the line was the work of Juan and Mateo Clark Chilean brothers of British descent who were Los Andes, founded in 31 May 1791 as Santa Rosa de Los Andes, is a Chilean town of 80000 inhabitants and a Municipality (" Comuna " This line is currently out of use, but there were plans to restore it in the summer of 2007. Due to the lack of concrete actions to restore this link, the most recent estimations are that the line could be restored around October, 2009. However, as of October 2007, there is no indication of any restorative work underway [7][8].
The Transandine Railway is a metre gauge line, with sections of rack, whilst the railways it links with are both broad gauge. A narrow gauge railway (or narrow gauge railroad) is a Railway that has a Track gauge narrower than the of Standard gauge railways A cog railway, rack-and-pinion railway or rack railway is a Railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. Broad gauge Railways use a Rail gauge (distance between the rails greater than the Standard gauge of. A journey from Buenos Aires to Chile involved two breaks-of-gauge, and therefore two changes of train, one at Mendoza, and the other at Santa Rosa de Los Andes in Chile. With railways a break-of-gauge is where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge Los Andes, founded in 31 May 1791 as Santa Rosa de Los Andes, is a Chilean town of 80000 inhabitants and a Municipality (" Comuna "
People
See Cat: People from Mendoza
Twin cities
In film
Mendoza is referenced in the 2006 acclaimed film Children of Men in which it is reported that the parents of the youngest person on the planet hail from the city of Mendoza in a bleak 2027. Ramat Gan (רָמַת גַּן is a city in the Tel Aviv district of Israel, which borders Tel Aviv to its west For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. History Francisco Antonio De Zela, a royal accountant (similar in function to a modern-day income tax auditor initiated the push for Peruvian Independence from Spain Peru (Perú Piruw Piruw officially the Republic of Peru ( reˈpuβlika del peˈɾu is a country in western South America. Children of Men is a 2006 dystopian Science fiction Film co-written and directed by Alfonso Cuarón.
Throughout his career, the French director Jean-Jacques Annaud has prided himself on ambitious films that focus on the human heart in conflict with itself. But none compares to the scope and challenge of his 1997 film Seven Years In Tibet. Seven Years in Tibet is a Adventure story written by Austrian Mountaineer and onetime SS Nazi Heinrich Harrer based on To recapture the experience, Annaud literally rebuilt Tibet in Mendoza, Argentina. The dozens of spectacular sets ranged from a 220-yard long re-creation of the capital city of Lhasa (built in the foothills of the Andes), to a 9000-square-foot re-creation of the legendary Hall of Good Deeds in the Potala, the ancient palace of the Dalai Lama. (It was built in an abandoned garlic warehouse outside the city of Mendoza. )
References
- ^ Annual Estimates of the Censo 2008 - Resultados provinciales Mendoza. INDEC (2008). Retrieved on 2008-03-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty
- ^ welcomeargentina.com: Land of the good wine
- ^ Morris Charles - The Hannibal of the Andes and the Freedom of Chili
- ^ Baldwin Harry L. - Tupungato oil field
- ^ New uranium mining projects
- ^ Mendoza Wine Train
- ^ Volvió el ferrocarril a Mendoza(Spanish)
- ^ En julio se licitará tren Los Andes - Mendoza(Spanish)
Publications
- V. Letelier, Apuntes sobre el terremoto de Mendoza (Santiago de Chile - 1907)
- V. Blasco Ibánez, Argentina y sus Grandezas (Madrid - 1910)
See also
External links
- Discover Mendoza - Tourism in Mendoza
- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
- Photos of Mendoza and surroundings
- (Spanish) Municipality of Mendoza Official website
- (Spanish) Tourism office
- (Spanish) Municipal information: Municipal Affairs Federal Institute (IFAM), Municipal Affairs Secretariat, Ministry of Interior, Argentina. The 1861 Mendoza earthquake was a major seismic movement in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. The 1985 Mendoza earthquake was a medium-intensity seismic movement in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. The 2006 Mendoza earthquake was a medium-intensity seismic movement in the province of Mendoza, Argentina.
- Weather information from FallingRain
- Mendoza travel guide from Wikitravel
Newspapers
(Online editions)
- (Spanish) Diario Los Andes
- (Spanish) Diario Uno
- (Spanish) Ciudadano Diario
- (Spanish) Jornada
- (Spanish) El Sol
- (Spanish) Cuyo Noticias
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