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A medical algorithm is any computation, formula, statistical survey, nomogram, or look-up table, useful in healthcare. Computation is a general term for any type of Information processing. In Mathematics and in the Sciences a formula (plural formulae, formulæ or formulas) is a concise way of expressing information Statistical surveys are used to collect quantitative information about items in a population This article is about the graphical devices called nomograms For a description of the Japanese puzzle see Nonogram. In Computer science, a lookup table is a Data structure, usually an Array or Associative array, often used to replace a runtime computation with Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing Medical algorithms include decision tree approaches to healthcare treatment (i. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the In Mathematics, Computing, Linguistics and related subjects an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions often used for Calculation In Operations research, specifically in Decision analysis, a decision tree (or tree diagram is a decision support tool that uses a graph or e. , if symptoms A, B, and C are evident, then use treatment X) and also less clear-cut tools aimed at reducing or defining uncertainty. A symptom' (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident misfortune that which befalls" from συμπίπτω, "I befall" from Medical algorithms are part of a broader field which is usually fit under the aims of medical informatics and medical decision making. Health informatics or medical informatics is the intersection of Information science, Computer science, and Health care. Decision making can be regarded as an outcome of mental processes ( cognitive process) leading to the selection of a course of action among several alternatives Medical decisions occur in several areas of medical activity including medical test selection, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis, and automatic control of medical equipment. Diagnosis is the identification by Process of elimination, of the nature of anything Prognosis (older Greek πρόγνωσις modern Greek πρόγνωση - literally fore-knowing foreseeing) is a medical term denoting the Automatic control is the research area and theoretical base for Mechanization and Automation, employing methods from Mathematics and Engineering Medical equipment is designed to aid in the diagnosis monitoring or treatment of medical conditions

In relation to logic-based and artificial neural network-based medical expert systems, which are also computer applications to the medical decision making field, algorithms are less complex in architecture, data structure and user interface. Logic is the study of the principles of valid demonstration and Inference. An artificial neural network (ANN, often just called a "neural network" (NN is a Mathematical model or Computational model based on Biological neural An expert system is Software that attempts to reproduce the performance of one or more human Experts most commonly in a specific Problem domain, and is Medical algorithms are not necessarily implemented using digital computers. In fact, many of them can be represented on paper, in the form of diagrams, nomographs, etc.

Examples of medical algorithms are:

The intended purpose of medical algorithms is to improve and standardize decisions made in the delivery of medical care. Health care is the prevention treatment and management of illness and the preservation of mental health through the services offered by the medical, Nursing Medical algorithms assist in standardizing selection and application of treatment regimens, with algorithm automation intended to reduce potential introduction of errors. Automation ( Ancient Greek: = self dictated) roboticization or industrial automation or Numerical control is the use of Control systems Some attempt to predict the outcome, for example critical care scoring systems. There are several scoring systems in Intensive care units (ICUs today

A wealth of medical information exists in the form of published medical algorithms. These algorithms range from simple calculations to complex outcome predictions. A calculation is a deliberate process for transforming one or more inputs into one or more results with variable change A prediction is a statement or claim that a particular Event will occur in the Future in more certain terms than a forecast. Most clinicians use only a small subset routinely. Computerized algorithms can provide timely clinical decision support, improve adherence to evidence-based guidelines, and be a resource for education and research. A computer is a Machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. Evidence-based medicine (EBM aims to apply Evidence gained from the Scientific method to certain parts of medical practice A medical guideline (also called a clinical guideline, clinical protocol or clinical practice guideline) is a document with the aim of guiding decisions

In common with most science and medicine, algorithms whose contents are not wholly available for scrutiny and open to improvement should be regarded with suspicion.

A grammar - the Arden syntax - exists for describing algorithms in terms of medical logic modules. The Arden syntax is a grammar for describing medical conditions and recommendations used in Medical algorithms A medical logic module (MLM is an independent unit in a health knowledge base that combines the knowledge required and the definition of the way it should be applied for a single An approach such as this should allow exchange of MLMs between doctors and establishments, and enrichment of the common stock of tools.

Medical algorithms based on best practice can assist everyone involved in delivery of standardized treatment via a wide range of clinical care providers. Many are presented as protocols and it is a key task in training to ensure people step outside the protocol when necessary. A Clinical Trial Protocol is a document that describes the objective(s design methodology statistical considerations and organization of a Clinical trial. In our present state of knowledge, generating hints and producing guidelines may be less satisfying to the authors, but more appropriate.

Computations obtained from medical algorithms should be compared with, and tempered by, clinical knowledge and physician judgment. Computation is a general term for any type of Information processing. A physician, medical practitioner or medical doctor who practices Medicine, and is concerned with maintaining or restoring human Health

A common class of algorithms are embedded in guidelines on the choice of treatments produced by many national, state, financial and local healthcare organisations and provided as knowledge resources for day to day use and for induction of new physicians. A field which has gained particular attention is the choice of medications for psychiatric conditions. In the United Kingdom guidelines or algorithms for this have been produced by most of the circa 500 primary care trusts, substantially all of the circa 100 secondary care psychiatric units and many of the circa 10 000 general practices. In the US there is a national (federal) initiative to provide them for all states, and by 2005 six states were adapting the approach of the Texas Medication Algorithm Project or otherwise working on their production. The Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP is a decision-tree Medical algorithm, the design of which was based on the expert opinions of mental health specialists

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