Medial collateral ligament

Ligament: Medial collateral ligament

Diagram of the knee. (Medial collateral ligament labeled at center right. )
Latin	ligamentum collaterale tibiale
Gray's	subject #93 341
From	medial condyle of femur
To	medial condyle of tibia
MeSH	A02.513.514.162.600
Dorlands/Elsevier	l_09/12491979

The medial collateral ligament of the knee is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Introduction ( Joints or Articulations Sutural ligament Fibrocartilages The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the Lower extremity of femur. The medial condyle is the medial portion of the Upper extremity of tibia. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books Elsevier, the world's largest Publisher of Medical and Scientific literature, forms part of the Reed Elsevier group The knee is the lower extremity Joint connecting the Femur, Patella, and the Tibia. In Anatomy, the term ligament is used to denote three different types of structures Fibrous tissue that connects Bones to other bones It is on the medial (inner) side of the knee joint in humans and other primates. Human anatomical terms make up a distinct nomenclature to describe areas of the body to provide orientation when describing parts of Human anatomy, and to It is also known as the tibial collateral ligament, or abbreviated as the MCL.

It is a broad, flat, membranous band, situated slightly posterior on the medial side of the knee joint. It is attached proximally to the medial condyle of femur immediately below the adductor tubercle; below to the medial condyle of the tibia and medial surface of its body. The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the Lower extremity of femur. The medial lip of the Linea aspera ends below at the summit of the Medial condyle, in a small tubercle the adductor tubercle, which affords insertion to the tendon The medial condyle is the medial portion of the Upper extremity of tibia. It resists forces that would push the knee medially, which would otherwise produce valgus deformity. In Orthopedics, a valgus deformity is a term for the outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint

The fibers of the posterior part of the ligament are short and incline backward as they descend; they are inserted into the tibia above the groove for the semimembranosus muscle. The semimembranosus is a Muscle in the back of the Thigh. It is the most medial of the three Hamstring muscles

The anterior part of the ligament is a flattened band, about 10 centimetres long, which inclines forward as it descends. A centimetre ( American spelling: centimeter, symbol cm) is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one hundredth

It is inserted into the medial surface of the body of the tibia about 2. 5 centimetres below the level of the condyle.

Crossing on top of the lower part of the MCL is the pes anserinus, the joined tendons of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles; a bursa is interposed between the two. The pes anserinus (" Goose 's foot" is the insertion of the conjoined tendons of three muscles onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity The Gracilis ( Latin slender is the most superficial muscle on the Medial side of the Thigh. The semitendinosus is a Muscle in the back of the Thigh; it is one of the Hamstrings Structure The semitendinosus remarkable for the great

The MCL's deep surface covers the inferior medial genicular vessels and nerve and the anterior portion of the tendon of the semimembranosus muscle, with which it is connected by a few fibers; it is intimately adherent to the medial meniscus. The inferior genicular arteries (inferior articular arteries two in number arise from the popliteal beneath the Gastrocnemius. The semimembranosus is a Muscle in the back of the Thigh. It is the most medial of the three Hamstring muscles The medial meniscus is a Fibrocartilage band that spans the medial Knee, and lies on the head of the Tibia.

Embryologically and phylogenically, the ligament represents the distal portion of the tendon of adductor magnus muscle. The adductor magnus is a large triangular muscle situated on the Medial side of the Thigh. In lower animals, adductor magnus inserts into the tibia. Because of this, the ligament occasionally contains muscle fibres. This is an atavistic variation. The term atavism (derived from the Latin atavus, a great-grandfather's grandfather and thus more generally an ancestor denotes the tendency to revert to ancestral type

1 Causes of Injury
- 1.1 Skiing
- 1.2 American Football
2 Additional images
3 External links
4 References

Causes of Injury

Skiing

The most common knee structure damaged in skiing is the medial collateral ligament, although the carve turn has diminished the incidence somewhat. Snow skiing is a group of sports utilizing Skis as primary equipment A carve turn happens when the skis shifts to one side or the other on its edges and lets the ski turn itself driven by the sidecut geometry while not losing any speed as happens ^[1]

American Football

MCL strains and tears are fairly common in American football. Mostly the Center and the Guards are ones who get this injury, due to the grip trend on their cleats. Center ( C) is a position in American football and Canadian football ( spelled centre in Canadian English) In American and Canadian football, a guard ( G) is a player that lines up between the center and the tackles on the offensive line The number of football players who get this injury has increased in recent years. Companies are currently trying to develop better cleats that will prevent injury.

Additional images

Right knee-joint. Anterior view.

Right knee-joint. Posterior view.

Left knee-joint from behind, showing interior ligaments.

Capsule of right knee-joint (distended). Posterior aspect.

External links

References

^ Knee injuries

The State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, better known as SUNY Downstate Medical Center, is an academic medical center and is the only one of its kind eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996 by Scott Plantz and Richard Lavely two medical doctors Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D

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