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McLean Hospital (pronounced 'Mc-Lane') is a psychiatric hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts. A psychiatric hospital (previously called insane asylum, mental hospital; or derogatorily looney bin, nut house or Funny Farm) is Belmont is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, a Suburb of Boston. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

It is noted for its clinical staff expertise and ground-breaking neuroscience research. It is also known for the large number of famous people who have been treated there, including mathematician John Nash,[1] poets Robert Lowell[2] and Sylvia Plath,[3][4] singer-songwriters James Taylor[5][2] and Ray Charles,[6][2] and author Susanna Kaysen. A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" Robert Lowell (March 1 1917&ndashSeptember 12 1977 born Robert Traill Spence Lowell IV, was an American Poet whose works confessional in nature Sylvia Plath (October 27 1932 &ndash February 11 1963 was an American Poet, Novelist and Short story Writer. James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American Singer-songwriter and Guitarist, born in Boston, Massachusetts Ray Charles Robinson ( September 23, 1930 – June 10, 2004) known by his Stage name Ray Charles, was an American Susanna Kaysen (born 11 November 1948) is an American author Kaysen was born and raised in Cambridge Massachusetts. [5][2].

McLean maintains the world's largest neuroscientific and psychiatric research program in a private hospital. Neuroscience is a field devoted to the scientific study of the nervous system It is the largest psychiatric facility of Harvard Medical School, an affiliate of Massachusetts General Hospital and a member of Partners HealthCare, which also owns Brigham and Women's Hospital. Harvard Medical School ( HMS) is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University and currently the #1 medical school in America as ranked by U Massachusetts General Hospital ( Mass General or MGH) is a Teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and a Biomedical research Partners HealthCare is a Non-profit organization that owns several Hospitals in Massachusetts, primarily in the Boston area Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH is the largest Hospital of Longwood Medical and Academic Area, in the Boston, Massachusetts neighborhood of

Contents

History

Map of the McLean Insane Asylum from an 1884 atlas of Somerville, MA
Map of the McLean Insane Asylum from an 1884 atlas of Somerville, MA

McLean was founded in 1811 in a section of Charlestown, Massachusetts, that is now a part of neighboring Somerville, Massachusetts. Charlestown is a part of the city of Boston, Massachusetts located on a peninsula north of Boston proper Somerville (pronunciation ˈsʌmərvɪl is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, just north of Boston. Originally named Asylum for the Insane, it was the first institution organized by a cooperation of prominent Bostonians who were concerned about homeless mentally ill persons "abounding on the streets and by-ways in and about Boston. " As such, it predates its sibling co-foundation, the Massachusetts General Hospital, by some seven years. Massachusetts General Hospital ( Mass General or MGH) is a Teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School and a Biomedical research It was built around a Charles Bulfinch mansion, which became the hospital's administrative building; most of the other hospital buildings were completed by 1818. Charles Bulfinch ( August 8 1763 – April 15 1844) was an early American Architect, and has been regarded by many The institution was later given the name The McLean Asylum for the Insane in honor of one of its earliest benefactors, John McLean, who granted it enough money to build several such hospitals at the 1818 cost. A portrait of McLean now hangs in the present Administration Building, along with other paintings that were once displayed in the original hospital. In 1892, the facility was renamed McLean Hospital in recognition of broader views on the treatment of mental illness.

In 1895 the campus moved from Charlestown to Waverley Oaks Hill in Belmont, Massachusetts. Belmont is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, a Suburb of Boston. This was upon the advice of Frederick Law Olmsted, the renowned consulting landscape architect who also conceptualized the Emerald Necklace public spaces of Boston, New York's Central Park, and Hartford's Institute of Living. Frederick Law Olmsted ( April 25, 1822 &ndash August 28, 1903) was an American landscape designer and father of American A landscape architect is a person involved in the planning design and sometimes oversight of an exterior landscape or space The Emerald Necklace consists of an 1100-acre chain of parks linked by parkways and waterways in Boston and Brookline Massachusetts. Central Park is a large public Urban park in New York City, with about twenty-five million visitors annually The Institute of Living (IOL is a mental health center in Hartford Connecticut affiliated with Hartford Hospital. The move was necessitated by changes in Charlestown, including new rail lines and other distracting development. Olmsted, who was eventually treated at McLean, created a therapeutic park landscape around the hospital buildings, which have been on this site ever since.

In the 1990s, facing falling revenue in a changing health care industry, the hospital drafted a plan to sell a percentage of its grounds for development by the Town of Belmont. The sale of the land became the root of a divisive and somewhat baroque political debate in the town during the late 1990s. Ultimately a plan to preserve some of Olmsted's original open space and to allow the town to develop mixed residential and commercial real estate prevailed over a plan to create only high-end residential development. The deal was finalized in 2005 and land development was well underway at the end of the year.

McLean is presently led by Scott L. Rauch[1], President and Psychiatrist in Chief, who is known for his innovative work using brain imaging methods to study psychiatric dysfunction.

McLean is differentiated from its New England peers (such as the Institute for Living and the Brattleboro Retreat) by its combination of teaching, treatment, and research. The Brattleboro Retreat is a private non-profit Psychiatric hospital that pioneered mental health care in the United States Most other facilities focus on one of these priorities.

Artistic works inspired by McLean

One popular and anecdotal history of McLean is Alex Beam's Gracefully Insane: Life and Death Inside America's Premier Mental Hospital (ISBN 1-891620-75-4). Alex Beam (born 1954) is an American Writer and Journalist, currently a Columnist for The Boston Globe. Memoirs of time spent within McLean's walls include Sylvia Plath's novel The Bell Jar and Susanna Kaysen's Girl, Interrupted (ISBN 0-679-74604-8), which was made into a movie starring Winona Ryder and Angelina Jolie. Sylvia Plath (October 27 1932 &ndash February 11 1963 was an American Poet, Novelist and Short story Writer. The Bell Jar is American writer Sylvia Plath 's only novel which was originally published under the Pseudonym "Victoria Lucas" Susanna Kaysen (born 11 November 1948) is an American author Kaysen was born and raised in Cambridge Massachusetts. Girl Interrupted is a best-selling 1993 Memoir by American author Susanna Kaysen. Girl Interrupted is a 1999 film drama about a teen's 18-month stay at a mental institution starring Winona Ryder and Angelina Jolie Winona Laura Horowitz (born October 29 1971 better known under her professional name Winona Ryder, is an American actress Angelina Jolie (born Angelina Jolie Voight on June 4 1975 is an American film actor Samuel Shem's roman á clef, Mount Misery tells a story inspired at least in part by the author's experiences at McLean. A roman à clef or roman à clé (French for "novel with a key" is a Novel describing real life behind a façade of Fiction The 1994 Under Observation: Life Inside A Mental Hospital (ISBN 0-14-025147-2, ISBN 0-395-63413-X) by Lisa Berger and Alexander Vuckovic uses some fictional techniques (composite characters, etc. A composite character is a character in a fictional work that is composed of two or more individuals ) to describe some of the typical events at Mclean. James Taylor's "Knockin' 'Round the Zoo" recalls his stay at McLean as a teenager. James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American Singer-songwriter and Guitarist, born in Boston, Massachusetts James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American Singer-songwriter and Guitarist, born in Boston, Massachusetts [5][7]

Facts about the hospital

Famous patients

Resources

References

  1. ^ Interview with John Nash: My Experience with Mental Illness. James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American Singer-songwriter and Guitarist, born in Boston, Massachusetts Livingston Taylor (born November 21, 1950) is an American Singer-songwriter, originally from Boston, Massachusetts. This article deals with Kate Taylor the folk singer and singer-songwriter Ray Charles Robinson ( September 23, 1930 – June 10, 2004) known by his Stage name Ray Charles, was an American Stephen Victor Tallarico (born March 26 1948 in Yonkers New York) better known as Steven Tyler (and often nicknamed The Demon of Rick James (born James Ambrose Johnson Jr) ( February 1 1948 &ndash August 6 2004) was an American musician Marianne Faithfull (born December 29 1946) is an English Singer, Songwriter, actress and Diarist whose Frederick Law Olmsted ( April 25, 1822 &ndash August 28, 1903) was an American landscape designer and father of American Anne Sexton ( November 9, 1928, Newton Massachusetts — October 4, 1974, Weston Massachusetts) born Anne Gray Robert Lowell (March 1 1917&ndashSeptember 12 1977 born Robert Traill Spence Lowell IV, was an American Poet whose works confessional in nature Sylvia Plath (October 27 1932 &ndash February 11 1963 was an American Poet, Novelist and Short story Writer. Susanna Kaysen (born 11 November 1948) is an American author Kaysen was born and raised in Cambridge Massachusetts. John Strugnell, (May 25 1930 &ndash November 30 2007 was born in Barnet, North London, England. Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald (July 24 1900 – March 10 1948 born Zelda Sayre in Montgomery Alabama, was a novelist and the wife of writer F Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24 1896 – December 21 1940 was an American writer of Novels and Short stories, whose works are evocative of the PBS.org. The Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS) is a Non-profit Public broadcasting Television service with 354 member TV stations in the Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
  2. ^ a b c d Sale, Jonathan. "Ray Charles played piano all the time", The Independent, May 4, 2006. The Independent is a British compact Newspaper published by Tony O'Reilly 's Independent News & Media. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince  
  3. ^ Maroda, Karen (November 29, 2004). Sylvia and Ruth. Salon.com. Saloncom, part of Salon Media Group ( often just called Salon, is an online Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
  4. ^ About the Author - Chronology of Plath's Life. The Bell Jar. CliffsNotes. CliffsNotes (formerly Cliffs Notes and often incorrectly CliffNotes are a series of Student Study guides available primarily in the United States. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
  5. ^ a b c Beam, Alex. "Shrink Wrapped Drugs and Rock 'n' Roll Were Regular Features of Life at McLean Psychiatric Hospital in Belmont", The Boston Globe, November 26, 2001. The Boston Globe (and Boston Sunday Globe) is the most widely circulated daily Newspaper in Boston and in New England, Retrieved on 2008-04-12. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 467 - Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.  
  6. ^ Ray Charles Plays the "Harvard Club". Harvard Magazine (January–February 2002). Harvard Magazine is an independently edited Magazine and separately incorporated affiliate of Harvard University. Retrieved on 2007-02-07. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince
  7. ^ White, Timothy (2001), James Taylor: James Taylor, His Life and Music, p. 16, ISBN 071198803X 
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