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DC-10
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Ghana Airways DC-10-30

TypeAirliner
ManufacturerMcDonnell Douglas
Maiden flight29 August 1970
Introduction5 August 1971 with American Airlines
Primary usersFedEx Express
Omni Air International
Arrow Air
Gemini Air Cargo
Produced1968-1988
Number builtDC-10: 386
KC-10: 60
VariantsKC-10 Extender
McDonnell Douglas MD-11

The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is an American three-engine medium- to long-range widebody airliner, with two engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the vertical stabilizer. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Ghana Airways was an Airline based at Kotoka International Airport, Accra, Ghana. An aerospace manufacturer is a company or individual involved in the various aspects of designing building testing selling and maintaining Aircraft, Aircraft parts McDonnell Douglas was a major American Aerospace manufacturer and Defense contractor, producing a number of famous commercial and military aircraft The maiden flight of an Aircraft is the first occasion on which an aircraft leaves the ground of its own accord Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size FedEx Express is a cargo airline based in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Omni Air International is a United States charter Airline, based in Tulsa Oklahoma, USA. Arrow Air is an American Cargo airline based in Miami, Florida, USA. Gemini Air Cargo was an American ACMI (Aircraft Crew Maintenance & Insurance Cargo airline headquartered in Dulles, Virginia, USA WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A trijet is an Aircraft powered by three Jet engines Early twin-jet designs were limited by the FAA 's " 60-minute rule " whereby wide-body aircraft is a large Airliner with twin aisles and typically a fuselage diameter of 5 to 6 metres (16 to 20 ft The vertical stabilizers, or fins, of Aircraft, Missiles or Bombs are typically found on the aft end of the Fuselage or body The model was a successor to the company's DC-8 for long-range operations, and competed in the same markets as the Airbus A300, Boeing 747, and Lockheed L-1011 Tristar, which has a similar layout to the DC-10. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Production of the DC-10 ended in December 1988 with 386 delivered to airlines and 60 to the U.S. Air Force as air-to-air refueling tankers, designated the KC-10 Extender. Aerial refueling, also called air refueling, in-flight refueling ( IFR) air-to-air refueling ( AAR) or tanking, is Aerial refueling, also called air refueling, in-flight refueling ( IFR) air-to-air refueling ( AAR) or tanking, is WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout [1] The DC-10 was succeeded by the related McDonnell Douglas MD-11 which entered service in 1990. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout

Contents

Development

The design of the DC-10 began in 1967. [2] It became McDonnell Douglas's first commercial airliner after the merger between McDonnell Aircraft Corporation and Douglas Aircraft Company in 1967. An airliner is a large Fixed-wing aircraft with the primary function of transporting paying passengers The McDonnell Aircraft Corporation was an American Aerospace manufacturer based in St The Douglas Aircraft Company was an American Aerospace manufacturer, based in Long Beach California. It was built to a specification from American Airlines for a widebody aircraft smaller than the Boeing 747 but capable of flying similar long-range routes from airports with shorter runways. American Airlines Inc (AA is a US -based airline and the world's Largest airline in total passenger miles transported and passenger fleet size Although the Boeing 747 had commercial advantages due to its size, smaller airports could not accommodate it because of gate restrictions and runway length. McDonnell Douglas was able to capitalize on this with the DC-10.

The DC-10 first flew on August 29, 1970 and entered commercial service with launch customer American Airlines on August 5, 1971 on a round trip flight between Los Angeles and Chicago, nearly a year before the Lockheed L-1011 Tristar (which was built to a similar specification). Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1970 ( MCMLXX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 642 - Battle of Maserfield - Penda of Mercia defeats and kills Oswald of Bernicia. Year 1971 ( MCMLXXI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. The similarity to the L-1011 in terms of passenger capacity and launch in the same time frame resulted in a head to head sales competition which affected profitability of the aircraft. The launch customers for the DC-10 were American Airlines and United Airlines with orders for 25 and 60 respectively of the Series 10 model. United Air Lines Inc, trading as United Airlines ( is a major airline of the United States. Eventually, the DC-10 was able to distinguish itself from its competitors with a second engine supplier, which has the possible effect of controlling costs due to competition, as well as earlier introduction of longer range variants than the L-1011.

Northwest Airlines DC-10-30.
Northwest Airlines DC-10-30.

The first DC-10 version was the "domestic" series 10 with a range of 3,800 miles (6,112 km). The series 20 (only ordered by Northwest Orient and Japan Airlines) had a typical load range of 5,750 mi (9,265 km) or a maximum payload range of 7,520 km. The series 30 had a typical load range of 6,220 mi (10,010 km) or a maximum payload range of 7,410 km. The series 20 was powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D engines, whereas the series 10 and 30 engines were General Electric CF6.

Before delivery of its aircraft, Northwest's president asked that the "series 20" aircraft be redesignated "series 40" because he argued that the aircraft was much improved over the original design. The FAA issued the Series 40 certificate on 27 October 1972. Events 312 - Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. [3]

One of the main visible differences between the models is that the series 10 has three sets of landing gear (one front and two main) while the series 30 and 40 have four gear (one front, three main). The center main 2-wheel landing gear (which extends from the center of the fuselage) was added to accommodate the extra weight by distributing the weight and providing additional braking.

The 446th and final DC-10 rolled off the production line in December 1988 and was delivered to Nigeria Airways in July 1989. Nigeria Airways was the former national Airline of Nigeria, founded in 1958 and headquartered in Lagos. [4] The DC-10 was assembled at McDonnell Douglas's Douglas Products Division in Long Beach, California. Long Beach is a city located in southern California, USA, on the Pacific coast [1]

Design

FedEx DC-10 landing.
FedEx DC-10 landing.

The DC-10 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional tail unit with a single fin and rudder. It has a retractable tricycle landing gear, the later series 30 and 40 have an additional two-wheel main landing gear. It is powered by two turbofan engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the vertical stablizer. It was designed to be a medium to long-range airliner with a widebody fuselage to seat over 250 passengers. It is operated by a crew of three located on the flightdeck in the nose on the same level as the passenger cabin. The fuselage has underfloor stowage for cargo and baggage.

Service issues

Despite its troubled beginnings in the 1970s, which gave it an unfavorable reputation,[5] the DC-10 ultimately proved a reliable aircraft, much loved by engineers and pilots. The original DC-10-10's notorious safety record continuously improved as design flaws were ironed out and fleet hours increased. In fact, the DC-10's lifetime safety record as of 2003 is comparable to similar second-generation passenger jets. [6] Increased inspections and modifications made the DC-10 among the safest aircraft for passenger travel.

Cargo doors

The DC-10 was designed with cargo doors that opened outward instead of inward as inward-opening "plug-type" doors used on smaller pressurized aircraft. Outward-opening doors allowed larger openings required by baggage for a wide-body jet. Outward-opening doors rely on a heavy locking mechanism to secure the door against the outward force caused by the pressurization of the fuselage. Pressurization generally refers to the application of Pressure in a given situation or environment and more specifically refers to the process by which Atmospheric pressure In the event that the door lock malfunctioned, there was potential for explosive decompression. This was discovered in 1972 following an incident aboard American Airlines Flight 96, but no mandatory repair order was issued until the Turkish Airlines Flight 981 crash in 1974. American Airlines Flight 96 was a regular McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 flight operated by American Airlines. Turkish Airlines Flight 981, registration TC-JAV was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 which crashed just outside Senlis, France, on March 3 The cargo door on all DC-10s then underwent a redesign that added an additional lock safety device to the system.

Hydraulic system

Other initial design problems included its lack of locking flap mechanisms designed to maintain their position in the event of a hydraulic failure. The lines from all three independent and redundant hydraulic systems were located in close proximity, directly beneath the tail engine. The MD-11, and later DC-10s incorporated hydraulic fuses to prevent such catastrophic loss of control in event of a hydraulic rupture. In hydraulic systems a fuse is a component which prevents the sudden loss of Hydraulic fluid pressure.

Engine pylons

Although the design of the engine pylons was adequate, it was not designed to facilitate easy maintenance; the original procedure for an engine change was to detach the engine from the pylon first, which was tedious and time-consuming due to tight tolerances. To save time and costs, American and Continental Airlines both started to use a faster procedure, instructing their mechanics to remove the engine with pylon as one unit using forklift trucks. McDonnell-Douglas advised against this procedure. [7] This procedure was very difficult to execute successfully and led to damage that was the principal cause of the crash of American Airlines Flight 191. American Airlines Flight 191 was a flight to Los Angeles International Airport from O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. In November 1979, the FAA fined American Airlines $500,000 for using this faulty maintenance procedure. Continental Airlines was fined $100,000 on a similar charge. [8][7]

Insulation blankets

An acoustic/thermal insulation material known as metallized polyethylene terephthalate or Mylar which was subsequently found to be flammable[9] in the investigation of the crash of Swissair flight 111, was used on some DC-10s. Biaxially-oriented Polyethylene terephthalate (boPET Polyester film is used for its high Tensile strength, Chemical and dimensional Stability Swissair Flight 111 (SR-111 SWR-111 was a Swissair McDonnell Douglas MD-11 on a scheduled airline flight from John F In November 2000, the FAA ordered this insulation to be removed by June 2005. [10] The high cost of complying with the Airworthiness Directive (FAA estimates a cost of $991,010 per airplane[10]) was a factor for some airlines to withdraw the airplane from passenger service prematurely. [11] This material has been removed from all commercial aircraft since 2005.

Variants

Japan Airlines DC-10 cockpit
Japan Airlines DC-10 cockpit
Japan Airlines DC-10-40
Japan Airlines DC-10-40

The DC-10 was manufactured in a number of different variants:

KC-10 Extender during refueling
KC-10 Extender during refueling
The 10 Tanker during a water drop demonstration.
The 10 Tanker during a water drop demonstration.

Incidents and accidents

"If there are in America or the world people who hesitate to fly by DC-10, those people are, like our airplane and our company, victims of a great mass of misinformation and baseless speculation. They have been misled, as we have been maligned, by so much falsehood that the truth, when it finally emerged, was scarcely recognized. "
- Sanford McDonnell, 1980

The early DC-10s suffered a trying time during the 1970s when a string of notorious incidents and crashes led to a brief grounding by the United States Federal Aviation Administration. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of

Cargo door problem

The outward-opening cargo door design problem was first identified on June 12, 1972, when American Airlines Flight 96 lost its aft cargo door after takeoff from Detroit, Michigan, but the crew was able to perform an emergency landing with no further incident. Events 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath. Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. American Airlines Flight 96 was a regular McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 flight operated by American Airlines. Before Flight 96 took off, an airport employee had forced the door shut, weakening the locking pin and causing the door to blow out as the plane reached altitude.

In 2006, FedEx became the first U.S. carrier to equip its aircraft with an anti-missile defense system. The gray oval Northrop Grumman Guardian pod can be seen on the belly of this FedEx MD-10 between and just aft of the main landing gear
In 2006, FedEx became the first U. FedEx Corporation ( is a Logistics services company based in the United States. S. carrier to equip its aircraft with an anti-missile defense system. The gray oval Northrop Grumman Guardian pod can be seen on the belly of this FedEx MD-10 between and just aft of the main landing gear

Although many carriers voluntarily modified the cargo doors and re-trained their ground crews, there was not yet a mandatory redesign of the system. The Northrop Grumman Guardian is a passive anti-missile Countermeasure system designed specifically to protect commercial airliners from shoulder-launched missiles Severe design problems still persisted with the aircraft's cargo doors, and two years after the American Airlines incident, an almost identical cargo door blow-out caused Turkish Airlines Flight 981 to crash into a forest near the town of Ermenonville shortly after leaving Orly Airport in Paris on March 3, 1974. Turkish Airlines Flight 981, registration TC-JAV was a McDonnell Douglas DC-10 which crashed just outside Senlis, France, on March 3 Ermenonville is a town and commune 45 kilometers North-East of Paris, in the Oise département of France. Paris - Orly Airport (Aéroport de Paris - Orly is an Airport located partially in Orly and partially in Villeneuve-le-Roi, south of Paris Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. 346 people were killed in one of the deadliest air crashes of the twentieth century, recorded in Aviation History books as the "Ermenonville air disaster". The circumstances surrounding this crash were similar to those surrounding the previous accident; however, a modified seating configuration on the Turkish aircraft exacerbated the effects of decompression which caused the floor of the aircraft to collapse into the cargo bay. Vents were not present to allow the pressure between the cargo and passenger compartments to equalize. Control cables running through the floor of the plane were severed when the floor collapsed and this rendered the aircraft uncontrollable. In the aftermath of this crash, all DC-10s underwent a mandatory door redesign.

American Airlines Flight 191

In 1979, with the cargo door issues resolved, DC-10s (all series) around the world were grounded following the crash of American Airlines Flight 191. American Airlines Flight 191 was a flight to Los Angeles International Airport from O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Flight 191 lost its number one wing engine after taking off from O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, USA, May 25, 1979. Events 1085 - Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toledo Spain back from the Moors. Year 1979 ( MCMLXXIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1979 Gregorian calendar) [1] As the engine separated upwards, it ripped through the leading edge of the wing, rupturing hydraulic lines which caused a hydraulic cylinder that locked the port wing slats to fail. As airspeed was reduced per AA emergency climb-out procedures, the slats retracted, the left wing stalled, the plane rolled left and crashed before the flight crew could recover. All 271 people on board, plus two on the ground, were killed in this accident; the worst single plane crash in America.

The United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) officials discovered that a maintenance procedure was the culprit: American Airlines mechanics had removed the engine and its pylon together, rather than removing the engine from the pylon then the pylon from the wing, as recommended by McDonnell Douglas. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB is an independent U This was done using a forklift and the pylon was inadvertently cracked in the process. The short-cut procedure, thought to save several man hours on maintenance, was used by three major airlines, although McDonnell Douglas advised against it. [7] Although McDonnell Douglas was not directly at fault for the pylon separation, it redesigned the DC-10 to allow more redundancies in the hydraulic systems.

The Chicago incident also highlighted a major deficiency in the DC-10 design—its lack of locking flap mechanisms designed to maintain their position in the event of a hydraulic or pneumatic failure. Other wide-body aircraft of the day carried such a feature, but it was omitted from the DC-10. Another deficiency highlighted in the NTSB report was the vulnerable placement of wiring at the leading edge (front) of the wing. When the engine pulled up and over the wing, it tore out these wires, thus rendering inoperable vital warning instruments in the cockpit. Other aircraft of this era typically placed this kind of wiring in the center of the wing, in a less vulnerable position. In addition, only the pilot had a stick-shaker to warn of stalling, as the co-pilot was the one flying the plane, there was no warning that the plane was stalling.

United Airlines Flight 232

Perhaps the most infamous instance of a DC-10 crash was the Flight 232 disaster at Sioux City, Iowa, USA, on July 19, 1989. United Airlines Flight 232 was a scheduled flight operated by United Airlines between Denver and Philadelphia via Chicago. Sioux City (ˌsuːˈsɪti is a city located in northwest Iowa in the United States. Events 711 - Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by their king Roderic. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) After the #2 engine (tail engine) suffered an uncontained fan disk failure in flight which ruptured critical hydraulic lines, the crew, led by Captain Al Haynes and assisted by a senior pilot flying as a passenger (Dennis E. "Denny" Fitch), performed an emergency landing by varying remaining engine power to control the plane. Alfred C "Al" Haynes (born 1932 in Dallas Texas) is a former Airline pilot and a regular guest speaker at social events Dennis E (Denny Fitch (born 1942 was the off-duty DC-10 training captain who helped captain Al Haynes minimize loss of life on United Airlines Flight Although the aircraft was destroyed with the loss of many lives, the crew flew the aircraft onto the runway in a partially controlled manner and 185 of the 296 people on board survived. It is the closest any passenger jet has come to a safe landing without hydraulics.

The Sioux City crash concerned investigators because the total loss of hydraulic pressure aboard the DC-10 was considered nearly impossible. The design had lines from all three independent and redundant hydraulic systems in close proximity, directly beneath the #2 (tail) engine. Debris from the #2 fan disk separation failure penetrated all three lines resulting in total loss of control to the elevators, ailerons and rudder.

Other notable accidents and incidents

Other than the American Airlines, Turkish Airlines and United Airlines crashes well covered by the media and mentioned above, many other DC-10s were lost in different types of accidents. Other notable incidents involved DC-10s.

The Air France Concorde crash of 2000 was attributed to a fragment of titanium that fell from the thrust reverser of a Continental Airlines DC-10 that had taken off some four minutes earlier. Air France Flight 4590 was a Concorde flight from Charles de Gaulle International Airport near Paris, France to John F This fragment was traced to a third party parts replacement which had not been approved by the FAA. The Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of A similar incident occurred in the following months when a Northwest Airlines DC-10 lost part of a thrust reverser after departure from Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport, also blamed on non-FAA approved parts. Northwest Airlines Inc (often abbreviated NWA) is the principal subsidiary Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport is the largest and busiest airport in the five-state Upper Midwestern region of Minnesota, Iowa,

Sources: [5] and Jet Airliner Production List[4]

Operators

See also: List of McDonnell Douglas DC-10 operators
Bangladesh Airlines DC-10-30 with landing gear extended.
Bangladesh Airlines DC-10-30 with landing gear extended. The following is a list of all current airlines operating the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 as of September 2007 In Aviation, the undercarriage or landing gear is the structure (usually wheels that supports an Aircraft on the ground and allows it to taxi

On January 8, 2007 Northwest Airlines retired its last remaining DC-10 being used for scheduled passenger service, replacing it with an Airbus A330 for a route between Minneapolis-St. Paul and Honolulu,[15] thus ending the aircraft operations with all major airlines. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport is the largest and busiest airport in the five-state Upper Midwestern region of Minnesota, Iowa, Honolulu International Airport is the principal aviation gateway of the City & County of Honolulu and the State of Hawaii and is identified as one of the busiest Regarding the retirement of Northwest's DC-10 fleet, Wade Blaufuss, spokesman for the Northwest chapter of the Air Line Pilots Association said, "The DC-10 is a reliable airplane, fun to fly, roomy and quiet, kind of like flying an old Cadillac Fleetwood. We're sad to see an old friend go. "[16] "The DC-10 is going to be remembered as a better cargo plane than passenger plane," said Richard Aboulafia, an analyst at the Teal Group. [16] In November 2006, ATA Airlines announced it had purchased seven of Northwest's remaining DC-10s, to replace ATA's L-1011 airplanes. ATA Airlines Inc, formerly known as American Trans Air, was an American low-cost scheduled service and Charter airline based in Indianapolis Omni Air International purchased six of Northwest's DC-10 aircraft, recently putting five of them into service, modernizing its fleet and accomplishing considerable upgrades to the flight decks of these aircraft. Omni Air International is a United States charter Airline, based in Tulsa Oklahoma, USA.

The aging models are now largely being used as dedicated freight aircraft. American Airlines and United Airlines have sold their large DC-10-10 fleets to cargo carrier FedEx. Many have been modernized to MD-10s by adding a glass cockpit, which eliminates the need for a flight engineer. A glass cockpit is an Aircraft cockpit that features electronic instrument displays. Other DC-10 aircraft continue in charter and cargo services with their three-person flight deck configuration. Omni Air International and World Airways, continue to operate the DC-10 on charter passenger services as well as for the Air Mobility Command. World Airways Inc is an American non-scheduled Airline currently headquartered in Peachtree City Georgia. Air Mobility Command (AMC is a Major Command (MAJCOM of the U Biman Bangladesh Airlines operates five DC-10-30s as one of their primary passenger aircraft. Biman Bangladesh Airlines (বিমান বাংলাদেশ এয়ারলাইনস

Non-airline operators include The Royal Netherlands Air Force with three DC-10-30CFs converted to KDC-10 flying tankers, the USAF with its 59 KC-10, the 10 Tanker Air Carrier with its modified DC-10-10 used for fighting wildfires, and Orbis International, which uses a single DC-10-10 converted into a flying eye hospital. ORBIS International is an international non-profit Non-governmental organization (NGO dedicated to saving sight worldwide [6] As of December 2007, there are 21 military and civilian operators of DC-10s. [17]

Specifications

DC-10-10DC-10-15DC-10-30DC-10-40
Cockpit CrewThree
Passengers380 (1 class), 250 (2 class)
Length182 ft 3 in (55. 5 m)180 ft 8 in (55 m)181 ft 7 in (55. 4 m)182 ft 3 in (55. 5 m)
Height58 ft 1 in (17. 7 m)
Wingspan155 ft 4 in (47. 3 m)165 ft 4 in (50. 4 m)
Fuselage width19 ft 9 in (6. 02 m)
Fuselage height19 ft 9 in (6. 02 m)
Max interior width18 ft 2 in (5. 54 m)
Operating empty weight240,171 lb (108,940 kg)266,191 lb (120,742 kg)270,213 lb (122,567 kg)
Maximum take-off weight430,000 lb
(195,045 kg)		455,000 lb
(206,385 kg)		572,000 lb
(259,459 kg)		572,000 lb
(259,459 kg)
Typical Cruise speedMach 0. 82
(564 mph, 908 km/h, 490 kt)
Max Cruise speedMach 0. 88
(610 mph, 982 km/h, 530 kt)
Max Range, loaded3,800 miles (6,114 km)4,350 mi (7,000 km)6,220 mi (10,010 km)5,750 mi (9,252 km)
Maximum fuel capacity21,700 US gal
(82,134 L)		26,647 US gal
(100,859 L)		36,650 US gal
(138,720 L)		36,650 US gal
(138,720 L)
Takeoff run on MTOW8,612 ft (2,625 m)7,257 ft (2,212 m)9,341 ft (2,847 m)9,242 ft (2,817 m)
Service ceiling42,000 ft (12,802 m)
Engine model (x 3)GE CF6-6DGE CF6-50C2FGE CF6-50CPW JT9D-59A
Engine thrust (x 3)40,000 lbf (177. 9 kN)46,500 lbf (206. 8 kN)51,000 lbf (226. 9 kN)53,000 lbf (235. 8 kN)
Sources: [7], [8], [9] and [10]

See also

Related development

Comparable aircraft

References

  1. ^ a b McDonnell Douglas DC-10/KC-10 Transport. WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft. Please see WikipediaWikiProject Aircraft/page content for recommended layout Boeing. The Boeing Company is a major Aerospace and defense corporation originally founded by William E Retrieved on 2006-02-28. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 202 BC - coronation ceremony of Liu Bang as Emperor Gaozu of Han takes place initiating four centuries of the Han Dynasty 's rule
  2. ^ "DC-10 History" on dc-10.net
  3. ^ a b c Waddington, Terry (July 2000). 'McDonnell Douglas DC-10 (Great Airliners Series: Volume 6). World Transport Press. ISBN 189243704X.  
  4. ^ a b Roach, John; Eastwood, Anthony (July 2006). Jet Airliner Production List Volume 2. (The Aviation Hobby Shop online).  
  5. ^ Hopfinger, Tony (23 October-29 October, 2003). I Will Survive: Laurence Gonzales: 'Who Lives, Who Dies, and Why'. Anchorage Press. The Anchorage Press is a free alternative Weekly newspaper based in Anchorage Alaska and owned by Wick Communications Retrieved on 2007-02-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
  6. ^ "Statistical Summary of Commercial Jet Airplane Accidents (1959-2005)".
  7. ^ a b c Aircraft Accident report, DC-10-10, N110A, NTSB, 1979
  8. ^ Flight 191 accident description, Aviation-Safety.net
  9. ^ Transport Canada Civil Aviation Airworthiness Notice - B066
  10. ^ a b FAA Airworthiness Directive 2000-11-2
  11. ^ Troubled airline industry in for more costs, Reuters
  12. ^ Omega Air Refuelling FAQs, Omega Air Refueling.
  13. ^ KDC-10 Air Refueling Tanker Aircraft, Global Airtanker Service.
  14. ^ McDonnell Douglas (1996-09-16). Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers "McDonnell Douglas and Federal Express to Launch MD-10 Program". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-02-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
  15. ^ Northwest Airlines (2007-01-08). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army "Northwest Brings Customer Comforts Of Airbus A330 Aircraft To Twin Cities-Honolulu Route". Press release. A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded Communication directed at members of the News Retrieved on 2007-02-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
  16. ^ a b Reed, Ted (2006-06-30). Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper End of an Era at Northwest. TheStreet.com. TheStreetcom is a financial company and Website started in 1996 by Jim Cramer and registered on the NASDAQ Stock Market Retrieved on 2007-02-09. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
  17. ^ DC-10 list, planelist. net, December 28, 2007. Events 1065 - Westminster Abbey is Consecrated. 1308 - The reign of Emperor Hanazono, Emperor of Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.

External links

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