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The Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V. (abbreviated MPG, meaning Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science) is an independent German non-profit research organization funded by the federal and state governments. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.

The Max Planck Society has a world-leading reputation as a science & technology research organization. In 2006, the Times Higher Education Supplement rankings[1] of non-university research institutions (based on international peer review by academics) placed the Max Planck Society as no. Times Higher Education ( THE) formerly The Times Higher Education Supplement ( THES) is a magazine based 1 in the world for science research, and no. 3 in technology research (behind AT&T and the Argonne National Laboratory in the United States). Before proposing a merge request please see Talk and see if the merger you propose has recently been made and Argonne National Laboratory is one of the United States Department of Energy 's oldest and largest science and engineering research national laboratories and is The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft operates 80 research institutes all over Germany (and in some cases in other European countries), which usually bear the name "Max Planck Institute (MPI) of . . . ". Their task is basic research in the natural sciences as well as in the social sciences and humanities.

The Max Planck Institutes operate independently from, though in close cooperation with, the universities, and focus on innovative research which does not fit into the university structure due to their interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary nature or which require resources that cannot be met by the state universities. In Academia, Pedagogy, Physical sciences, Earth sciences, Human sciences and Social sciences Overview In scientific contexts the term 'transdisciplinarity' is used in various ways They focus on excellence in research, with 17 Nobel prizes awarded to their scientists since 1948, and are generally regarded as the foremost basic research organization in Germany.

Internally, Max Planck Institutes are organized into research departments headed by directors such that each MPI has several directors, a position roughly comparable to anything from full professor to department head at a university. The Max Planck society itself is formally an eingetragener Verein, a legal form of organization similar to a club, with the directors as scientific members having equal voting rights, and since 2002 headed by cell biologist Peter Gruss. Peter Gruss (born June 28 1949 in Alsfeld, Hesse) is a German Developmental biologist and the current president of the Funding is provided predominantly from federal and state sources, but also from research and license fees and donations. One of the larger donations from the Duke of Bavaria in 1967 was the castle Schloss Ringberg near Kreuth in Bavaria. The following is a list of rulers during the History of Bavaria. Schloss Ringberg (Ringberg Castle is located in the Bavarian Alps, 50 km south of Munich, on a foothill overlooking the Tegernsee. Kreuth is a municipality in the district of Miesbach in Bavaria in Germany. Bavaria ( German:, with an area of 70553 Km² (27241 square miles and almost 12 The castle passed to the Max Planck Society after the death of the duke in 1973 and is now used for conferences.

The Max Planck Society was founded by Otto Hahn in Göttingen after World War II in 1948 as the successor organization to the Prussian Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft, which was established in 1911 as a non-governmental research organization named for the then German emperor and presided by famous scientists like Albert Einstein. Otto Hahn (8 March 1879 &ndash 28 July 1968 was a German Chemist who received the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering Nuclear fission Göttingen ( ˈgœtɪŋən, Low German: Chöttingen is a College town in Lower Saxony, Germany. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft is a German entity formally known as the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e Albert Einstein ( German: ˈalbɐt ˈaɪ̯nʃtaɪ̯n; English: ˈælbɝt ˈaɪnstaɪn (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955 was a German -born theoretical The society's logo features Minerva, the Roman goddess of wisdom. The MInisterial NEtwoRk for Valorising Activities in digitisation, or MINERVA, is a European Union organization concerned with the digitisation of cultural and Roman mythology, or more appropriately Latin mythology, refers to the mythological beliefs of the Italic people inhabiting the region of Latium and its A goddess is a Female Deity. Many Cultures have goddesses Often deities are part of a polytheistic system that includes several deities If its direct predecessor is included, the Max Planck Society has won more Nobel Prizes than any other academic institution in the world. The Nobel Prize (Nobelpriset (Nobelprisen is a Swedish prize established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Peace, Literature

The institutes have a total staff of approx. 12,300 permanent employees, including 4,200 scientists, plus around 9000 non-tenured scientists and guests. Their budget for 2006 was about 1. 4 billion euro, with 84% from state and federal funds. Please update other articles as well to avoid contradiction within Wikipedia e

Apart from the research departments, the society funds a number of Independent Junior Research Groups and several International Max Planck Research Schools (43 at the end of 2005).

Other notable networks of publicly funded research institutes in Germany are the Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft, performing applied research with a focus on industrial collaborations, the Helmholtz-Gesellschaft, a network of the national laboratories in Germany, and the Leibniz-Gemeinschaft, a loose network of institutes performing basic to applied research. The Fraunhofer Society (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft is a German research organization with 58 institutes spread throughout Germany each focusing on different fields of applied The Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (German Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren) is the largest scientific organisation in Germany The Leibniz-Gemeinschaft (complete title Wissenschaftsgemeinschaft Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

The society is currently planning its first non-European centre, with an institute on the Jupiter campus of Florida Atlantic University to focus on bioimaging. [1]

Contents

Max Planck institutes

The main administration building of the Max Planck Society in Munich.
The main administration building of the Max Planck Society in Munich. Munich (München; Minga is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany.

Here is a list of the institutes, the names translated into English:

Research schools

List of presidents of the MPG

Former institutes

Among others:

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ Nature 449, 264-265 (20 September 2007) doi:10. 1038/449264b
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