Near East in 200 BC, showing borders of the Mauretania after the Second Punic War. The Second Punic War (referred to as "The War Against Hannibal" by the Romans lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western

In Antiquity, Mauretania was originally an independent Berber kingdom on the Mediterranean coast of north Africa (named after the Mauri tribe, after whom the Moors were named), corresponding to western Algeria, northern Morocco and Spanish Plazas de soberanía. Berbers are the indigenous peoples of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or North Africa or Northern Africa is the Northernmost Region of the African Continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan The description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of Muslim (and earlier non-Muslim people of Berber and Arab descent Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. The plazas de soberanía ("places of sovereignty" formerly referred as "África Septentrional Española" (Spanish North Africa or simply "África The Mauri people were indicated with the Greek word mauros, black. ^[1] Some of the earliest recorded history relates to Phoenician and Carthaginian settlement such as Lixus, Volubilis, Mogador and Chellah. Carthage (Καρχηδών Karkhēdōn, Carthago from the Phoenician קרת חדשת phn-Latn Qart-ḥadašt meaning new town) refers Lixus is the site of an ancient city located in Morocco just north of the modern seaport of Larache on the bank of the Loukkos River. Volubilis (وليلي Walili) is an archaeological site in Morocco situated near Meknes between Fez and Rabat along the Essaouira (الصويرة eṣ-ṣauīrah formerly known as Mogador, its older name is a City / Wilaya and tourist resort in the western Moroccan Chellah, or Chella, (شالة is a Necropolis and complex of ancient and Medieval Ruins that lie on the outskirts of Rabat, ^[2] The kingdom of Mauretania was not situated on the Atlantic coast south of Western Sahara, where modern Mauritania lies. Mauritania (موريتانيا Mūrītāniyā officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country

Roman Mauretania

Mauretania Tingitana province (borders 116). Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta

Mauretania Caesariensis province (borders 116). Mauretania Caesariensis was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa

King Juba II of Numidia and Mauretania. Juba II ( Iuba in Latin Ιóβας (Ιóβα or Ιουβας in Greek) or Juba II of Numidia (reigned 25 BC - 23 AD was a king Numidia (202 BC – 46 BC was an ancient Berber kingdom in present-day Algeria and part of Tunisia ( North Africa) that later alternated

After the defeat of Carthage by the Roman Empire, Mauretania became a Roman client kingdom. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Client state is one of several terms used to describe the subordination of one state to a more powerful state in international affairs The Romans placed Juba II of Numidia as their client-king. Juba II ( Iuba in Latin Ιóβας (Ιóβα or Ιουβας in Greek) or Juba II of Numidia (reigned 25 BC - 23 AD was a king Numidia (202 BC – 46 BC was an ancient Berber kingdom in present-day Algeria and part of Tunisia ( North Africa) that later alternated When Juba died in 23 AD, his Roman-educated son Ptolemy of Mauretania succeeded him on the throne. This article is about the year AD 23 For other uses see 23 (number, 23 (numerology, or 23 (disambiguation. Ptolemy of Mauretania or Ptolemy of Morocco (Ptolemy or Ptolemaios Greek ο Πτολεμαίος, Latin PTOLEMAEVS, 1 BC – AD 40 was a prince and Caligula killed Ptolemy of Mauretania in 40. Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (August 31 AD 12 &ndash January 24 AD 41 more commonly known by his nickname Caligula (kəˈlɪɡjʊlə was a Roman Emperor Ptolemy of Mauretania or Ptolemy of Morocco (Ptolemy or Ptolemaios Greek ο Πτολεμαίος, Latin PTOLEMAEVS, 1 BC – AD 40 was a prince and Year 40 was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. Claudius annexed Mauretania directly as a Roman province in 44, under an imperial (not senatorial) governor. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to In Ancient Rome, a province (Latin provincia, pl provinciae) was the basic and until the Tetrarchy (circa Year 44 was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government

Not depriving the Mauri of their line of kings would have contributed to preserving loyalty and order, it appears: "The Mauri, indeed, manifestly worship kings, and do not conceal their name by any disguise," Cyprian observed in 247, likely quoting a geographer rather than personal observation, in his brief euhemerist exercise in deflating the gods entitled On the Vanity of Idols. This page is about Cyprian bishop of Carthage For other Cyprians see Cyprian (disambiguation. Events By Place Roman Empire First of the Gothic invasions Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome by holding Euhemerus (Εὐήμερος (working late fourth century BC was a Greek mythographer at the court of Cassander, the king of Macedon. ^[3] In the first century, Emperor Claudius divided the Roman province of Mauretania into Mauretania Caesariensis and Mauretania Tingitana along the line of the Mulucha (Muluya) River, about 60 km west of modern Oran:

• Mauretania Tingitana, named after its capital Tingis (now Tangier); it corresponded to the Spanish plaza de soberanía, "sovereign enclave") and northern Morocco
• Mauretania Caesariensis, comprising western and central Algeria as far as Kabylia. Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus or Claudius I ( August 1, 10 BC &ndash October 13, AD 54 ( Tiberius Claudius Drusus from birth to Mauretania Caesariensis was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta Oran ( Arabic:ar وهران pronounced Wahran; also transliterated as Ouahran, Spanish: Orán. Mauretania Tingitana was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa coinciding roughly with the northern part of modern Morocco and spanish cities of Ceuta Tangier or Tangiers ]] ( Tanja طنجة in Berber and Arabic, Tánger in Spanish Morocco (المغرب "al-Maghrib" officially the Kingdom of Morocco (المملكة المغربية is a country located in North Africa Mauretania Caesariensis was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's This article focuses on the region in Algeria For the ethnic group see Kabyle people.

Mauretania gave to the empire one emperor, the equestrian Macrinus, who seized power after the assassination of Caracalla in 217 but was himself defeated and executed by Elagabalus the next year. Marcus Opellius Macrinus (ca 165 - June 218 was Roman emperor for fourteen months in 217 and 218 AssassiNation is the sixth album by Krisiun, released in 2006 on Century Media. Caracalla ( April 4 188 &ndash April 8, 217) born Lucius Septimius Bassianus and later Events By Place Roman Empire April 8 — Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Guard Elagabalus (c 203 &ndash March 11 222) also known as Heliogabalus or Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, was a Roman Emperor of the

Since emperor Diocletian's Tetrarchy reform (293), the country was further divided in three provinces, as the small, easternmost region Sitifensis was split off from Mauretania Caesariensis. Tetrarchy ( Greek: "leadership of four " can be applied to any system of government where power is divided between four individuals Mauretania Caesariensis was a Roman province located in northwestern Africa

The Notitia Dignitatum (circa 400) mentions them still, two being under the authority of the Vicarius of the diocese of Africa:

• a Dux et praeses provinciae Mauritaniae et Caesariensis, i. The Notitia Dignitatum is a unique document of the Roman imperial chanceries Dux (plural duces) is Latin for leader (from the verb ducere, 'to lead' and could refer to anyone who commanded troops such Praeses (plural Praesides) a Latin word meaning "Seated in front i e. , a Roman governor of the rank of Vir spectabilis, who also holds the high military command of 'duke', as the superior of eight border garrison commanders, each styled Praepositus limitis, named (genitive forms) Columnatensis, Vidensis, Praepositus limitis inferioris (i. e. , lower border), Fortensis, Muticitani, Audiensis, Caputcellensis and Augustensis.
• an (ordinary, civilian) Praeses in the province of Mauretania Sitifensis.

And, under the authority of the Vicarius of the diocese of Hispaniae:

• a Comes rei militaris of (Mauretania -, but not mentioning that part of the name) Tingitana, also ranking as vir spectabilis, in charge of the following border garrison (Limitanei) commanders: Praefectus alae Herculeae at Tamuco, Tribunus cohortis secundae Hispanorum at Duga, Tribunus cohortis primae Herculeae at Aulucos, Tribunus cohortis primae Ityraeorum at Castrabarensis, another Tribunus cohortis at Sala, Tribunus cohortis Pacatianensis at Pacatiana, Tribunus cohortis tertiae Asturum at Tabernas and Tribunus cohortis Friglensis at (and apparently also from, a rarity) Friglas; and to whom three extraordinary cavalry units are assigned: Equites scutarii seniores, Equites sagittarii seniores and Equites Cordueni,
• a Praeses (civilian governor) of the same province of Jay/Junky

See also

• List of Kings of Mauretania
• Bocchus I of Mauretania
• Syphax
• Victor Maurus, a Christian Mauretanian martyr and saint

Line notes

References

• Notitia dignitatum & Tingitana
• Westermann, Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte (in German)