Note : Do not confuse with Maulana Muhammad Ali Lahori, Muhammad Ali (the Muslim boxer) or any other people named Muhammad Ali: see Muhammad Ali (disambiguation)

Maulana Mohammad Ali Jouhar (1878 - 4 January 1931), was an Indian Muslim journalist and poet, and was among the leading figures of the Khilafat Movement. This page is about Maulana Muhammad Ali the religious scholar belonging to the " Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement for the Propagation of Islam " Biography Early life Cassius Clay Jr was born on January 17 1942 Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Clay Jr 1942 is a former boxer Muhammad Ali or Mohammed Ali may also refer to Muhammad Ali of Egypt Year 1878 ( MDCCCLXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 46 BC - Titus Labienus defeats Julius Caesar in the Battle of Ruspina. Year 1931 ( MCMXXXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1931 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion A journalist (also called a newspaperman) is a person who practices Journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events trends A poet is a person who writes Poetry. Etymology From the Ancient greek: ποιέω, poieō: "I make or compose" The Khilafat movement (1919-1924 was a political campaign launched mainly by Muslims in South Asia to influence the British government and to protect the

Contents 1 Early life 2 Khilafat and Political Activities 3 Muslim separatism 4 Legacy 5 See also 6 External links

Early life

Mohammad Ali was born in Rampur state in 1878 to a family of Rohilla Pashtun ancestry. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Rampur ( Hindi: रामपुर Pashto / Urdu: رام پور) is a city Pashtuns ( Pashto: پښتون Paṣtūn, Paxtūn, also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns) also called He was the brother of Maulana Shaukat Ali. Maulana Shaukat Ali was an Indian Muslim Nationalist and leader of the Khilafat movement Despite the early death of his father, the family strived and Ali attended the Aligarh Muslim University and Lincoln College, Oxford University in 1898, studying modern history. Aligarh Muslim University is a Residential Academic Institution which was established in 1875 Lincoln College (in full The College of the Blessed Mary and All Saints Lincoln) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the

Upon his return to India, he served as education director for the Rampur state, and later joined the Baroda civil service. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country He became a brilliant writer and orator, and wrote for major English and Indian newspapers, in both English and Urdu. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised He himself launched the Urdu weekly Hamdard and English Comrade in 1911. He moved to Delhi in 1913. Delhi (दिल्ली ਦਿੱਲੀ دلی d̪ɪlːiː sometimes referred to as Dilli) is the second largest metropolis of India, with a population

Mohammad Ali worked hard to expand the AMU, then known as the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, and was one of the co-founders of the Jamia Millia Islamia in 1920, which was later moved to Delhi. Jamia Millia Islamia ( Urdu: جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ Hindi: जामिया मिलिया इस्लामिया Translation Delhi (दिल्ली ਦਿੱਲੀ دلی d̪ɪlːiː sometimes referred to as Dilli) is the second largest metropolis of India, with a population

Khilafat and Political Activities

Mohammed Ali had attended the founding meeting of the All India Muslim League in Dhaka in 1906, and served as its president in 1918. The All India Muslim League ( Urdu: آل انڈیا مسلم لیگ Bengali:?????? ??? founded at Dhaka in 1906 was a political party in British Dhaka (also known as Dacca ( Bangla: ঢাকা ɖʱaka is the Capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka District. He remained active in the League till 1928.

Ali represented the Muslim delegation that travelled to England in 1919 in order to convince the British government to influence the Turkish nationalist Mustafa Kemal not to depose the Sultan of Turkey, who was the Caliph of Islam. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 &ndash 10 November 1938 was an army officer revolutionary Statesman Sultan (سلطان is an Islamic title with several historical meanings Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches The Caliph is the Head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah For other meanings including people named 'Islam' see Islam (disambiguation. British rejection of their demands resulted in the formation of the Khilafat committee which directed Muslims all over India to protest and boycott the government. A caliphate (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa) is the political leadership of the Muslim community in classical and medieval Islamic history

Now accorded the respectful title of Maulana, Ali formed in 1921, a broad coalition with Muslim nationalists like Maulana Shaukat Ali, Maulana Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan, Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari and Indian nationalist leader Mahatma Gandhi, who enlisted the support of the Indian National Congress and many thousands of Hindus, who joined the Muslims in a demonstration of unity. Maulana Shaukat Ali was an Indian Muslim Nationalist and leader of the Khilafat movement Maulana Abul Kalam Muhiyuddin Ahmed (11 November 1888 &ndash 22 February 1958 was a Muslim scholar and a senior political leader of the Indian independence Ajmal Khan (1863– December 29, 1927) was a noted Indian Freedom fighter, renowned physician and educationalist Dr Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari was an Indian nationalist and political leader and former president of the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League during the Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi ( Gujarati: મોહનદાસ કરમચંદ ગાંધી moɦən̪d̪äs kəɾəmʧən̪d̪ gän̪d̪ʱi (2 October 1869 – 30 January Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India. Ali also wholeheartedly supported Gandhi's call for a national civil resistance movement, and inspired many hundreds of protests and strikes all over India. He was arrested by British authorities and imprisoned for two years for what was termed as a seditious speech at the meeting of the Khilafat Conference. He was elected as President of Indian National Congress in 1923. Indian National Congress-I (also known as the Congress Party and abbreviated INC) is a major Political party in India.

Muslim separatism

Maulana Mohammad Ali was however, disillusioned by the failure of the Khilafat movement and Gandhi's suspension of civil disobedience in 1922, owing to the Chauri Chaura incident. Chauri Chaura is a town near Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

He re-started his weekly Hamdard, and left the Congress Party. He opposed the Nehru Report, which was a document proposing constitutional reforms and a dominion status of an independent nation within the British Empire, written by a committee of Hindu and Muslim members of the Congress Party headed by President Motilal Nehru. The "Nehru Report" (1928 was a memorandum outlining a proposed new Dominion (see Dominion status) constitution for India The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion Motilal Nehru ( May 6, 1861 – February 6, 1931) was an early Indian independence activist and leader of the Indian National Congress It was a major protest against the Simon Commission which had arrived in India to propose reforms but containing no Indian nor making any effort to listen to Indian voices. The Indian Statutory Commission was a group of seven British Members of Parliament that had been dispatched to India in 1927 to study constitutional reform

Mohammad Ali opposed the Nehru Report's rejection of separate electorates for Muslims, and supported the Fourteen Points of Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the League. Muhammad Ali Jinnah Urdu: (December 25 1876 – September 11 1948 was a Pakistani politician and leader of the All India Muslim League who founded Pakistan He became a critic of Gandhi, breaking with fellow Muslim leaders like Maulana Azad, Hakim Ajmal Khan and Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari, who continued to support Gandhi and the Indian National Congress. Maulana Abul Kalam Muhiyuddin Ahmed (11 November 1888 &ndash 22 February 1958 was a Muslim scholar and a senior political leader of the Indian independence Ajmal Khan (1863– December 29, 1927) was a noted Indian Freedom fighter, renowned physician and educationalist Dr Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari was an Indian nationalist and political leader and former president of the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League during the

Ali attended the Round Table Conference to show that only the Muslim League spoke for India's Muslims. He died soon after the conference in London, on January 4, 1931 and was buried in Jerusalem according to his own wish. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם, he-Latn Yerushaláyim; Arabic: ar القُدس, ar-Latn al-Quds) is the

Legacy

Maulana Mohammad Ali Jouhar is remembered as a fiery leader of many of India's Muslims. He is celebrated as a hero by the Muslims of Pakistan, who claim he inspired the Pakistan movement. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and But in India, he is remembered for his leadership during Khilafat and the Non-Cooperation Movement (1919-1922) and his leadership in Muslim education.

The famous Mohammad Ali Road in south Mumbai, India's largest city, is named after him. Mumbai ( Marathi:,, IPA: formerly Bombay, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the financial India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Gulistan-e-Jauhar (Urdu: گلستانِ جوهر) neighborhood of Karachi, Pakistan's largest city, and Mohammad Ali Co-operative Housing Society (M. Gulistan-e-Jauhar or Gulistan-e-Johar ( Urdu: گلستانِ جوهر) is one of the major neighbourhoods of Gulshan Town in Karachi Urdu ( ur '''{{Nastaliq اردو}}''' trans Urdū, historically spelled Ordu) is a Central Indo-Aryan language Urdu is a standardised (ڪراچي) is the largest city in Pakistan. It is the world's second largest city proper behind Mumbai in terms of population which exceeds 10 million Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and A. C. H. S. ) are named in honor of Maulana Mohammad Ali Johar. Johar Town, Lahore is also named after him. ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi.

News website TwoCircles.net is inspired by a quote of Maulana Mohammad Ali Jouhar. TwoCircles.net

Ali died at a time when the Pakistan movement had not been formed, and it is a matter of continuing debate if he would have ever supported the idea.

See also

• Indian Nationalism, Indian Muslim nationalism, Khilafat
• Indian Independence Movement
• Indian National Congress, All India Muslim League

External links

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