| Matthew Boulton | |
 Matthew Boulton
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| Born | September 3, 1728 Birmingham, England |
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| Died | August 18, 1809 (aged 80) Birmingham, England |
| Occupation | manufacturing |
| Spouse | Mary Robinson (d. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Year 1728 ( MDCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale 1760), Anne (Nancy) Robinson |
| Children | Anne Boulton, Matthew Robinson Boulton |
| Parents | Matthew Boulton |
Matthew Boulton (September 3, 1728 – 18 August 1809) was an English manufacturer and engineer. Events 36 BC - In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius Year 1728 ( MDCCXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Manufacturing (from Latin manu factura, "making by hand" is the use of tools and labor to make things for use or sale An engineer is a person professionally engaged in a field of Engineering.
Boulton was born in Birmingham, England where his father, Matthew Boulton the elder, was a "toymaker" (a manufacturer of small metal articles of various kinds). Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The toy industry was the term used to describe a number of Metalworking industries that produced small goods hinges buttons belt buckles and hooks are all examples of goods In 1749 he became a partner in his father's business (and the general manager), and in 1755 the Boultons acquired Sarehole Mill, which they used for rolling sheet metal. Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1755 ( MDCCLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or Sarehole Mill ( is a Grade II listed water mill (in an area once called Sarehole) on the River Cole in Hall Green, Birmingham In 1756 Boulton married Mary Robinson, a distant cousin and heir to a large fortune. Year 1756 ( MDCCLVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a They had no children and she died around 1760. Year 1760 ( MDCCLX) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap
Shortly after his father's death in 1759, Boulton went into partnership with John Fothergill. Year 1759 ( MDCCLIX) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year John Fothergill (1730 - 1782 was a merchant from Birmingham, England. In 1762, they established the Soho Manufactory, two miles north of Birmingham. Year 1762 ( MDCCLXII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Soho Manufactory ( not to be confused with the Soho Foundry, was an early Factory which pioneered Mass production on the Assembly line Here they undertook the manufacture of artistic objects in metal, such as his cut steel buttons, earlier marcasite imitations of diamonds, that were very popular in British society, as well as the reproduction of oil paintings by a mechanical process in which he was associated with Francis Egginton (1737-1805), who subsequently achieved a reputation as a worker in stained or enamelled glass. Year 1737 ( MDCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1805 ( MDCCCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or In this, he was also encouraged by Robert Adam. Robert Adam ( 3 July 1728 &ndash 3 March 1792) was a Scottish neoclassical Architect, Interior designer Between 1762 and 1775 he established a strong reputation as a craftsman; his works at Soho were widely known for excellent and artistic workmanship. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
About 1767, Boulton, needing to improve the power supply for his machinery, made the acquaintance of James Watt, who on his side appreciated the advantages offered by the Soho works for the development of his steam-engine. Year 1767 ( MDCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a James Watt ( 19 January 1736 &ndash 25 August 1819 Boulton proved to be an excellent businessman and both men eventually made fortunes
In 1772, Watt's partner, Dr. Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a John Roebuck, got into financial difficulties, and Boulton, to whom he owed £1200, accepted his two-thirds share in Watt's patent in satisfaction of the debt. This article is about the English inventor For the 19th century British politician see John Arthur Roebuck. Three years later, Boulton and Watt formally entered into partnership, and it was mainly through the energy and self-sacrifice of the former, who devoted all the capital he had or could borrow to the enterprise, that the steam engine was at length made a commercial success. The firm of Boulton & Watt was initially a partnership between Matthew Boulton and James Watt. A steam engine is a Heat engine that performs Mechanical work using Steam as its Working fluid. For 11 years the Soho Foundry made Watt's steam-engines for colliery owners to pump water out of mines, the Boulton & Watt engine being four times more powerful than Thomas Newcomen's original design. Soho Foundry (not to be confused with the Soho Manufactory) was a Factory created in 1795 by Matthew Boulton and James Watt at Smethwick Thomas Newcomen (born shortly before 24 February 1664; died 5 August 1729) was an Ironmonger by trade and a Baptist Watt marketed his rotary-motion steam engine from 1781. The earlier steam engine's vertical movement was ideal for operating water pumps but the new engine could be adapted to drive all sorts of machinery. Richard Arkwright pioneered its use in his cotton mills and within 15 years there were 500+ Boulton & Watt steam engines in British factories and mines. Sir Richard Arkwright ( Old Style 23 December 1732 / New Style 3 January 1733 – 3 August Boulton also arranged, in 1775, an act of parliament extending the term of Watt's 1769 patent to 1799. Year 1775 ( MDCCLXXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1769 ( MDCCLXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a A patent is a set of Exclusive rights granted by a State to an inventor or his assignee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an Year 1799 ( MDCCXCIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a
In 1788, Boulton turned his attention to coining machinery, and erected the Soho Mint, a complete plant with which he struck coins for the Sierra Leone and East India companies and for Russia, and in 1797, produced a new copper coinage for Britain. Sarehole Mill ( is a Grade II listed water mill (in an area once called Sarehole) on the River Cole in Hall Green, Birmingham Year 1788 ( MDCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Soho Mint was created by Matthew Boulton in 1778 in his Soho Manufactory ( in Handsworth West Midlands, England. Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Also in 1797, he took out a patent in connection with raising water on the principle of the hydraulic ram. A hydraulic ram is a cyclic water pump powered by Hydropower.
Boulton married his late wife's sister Anne (Nancy) at about this time - the marriage was contrary to ecclesiastical law, being considered incestuous, so it was conducted in obscure circumstances. Incest refers to any sexual activity between closely related persons (often within the immediate family that is illegal or socially Taboo.
The Boultons had a daughter, Anne (died 1829), and a son, Matthew Robinson Boulton (1770-1842). For the game see 1829 (board game. Year 1829 ( MDCCCXXIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display Year 1770 ( MDCCLXX) was a Common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Friday Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common In 1800, the two partners retired from the business, which they handed over to their sons, Matthew Robinson Boulton and James Watt Junior. Year -of the Julian calendar. The Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar until Friday, but 12 days ahead since Saturday.
He died in Birmingham on August 18, 1809. Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 1809 ( MDCCCIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year He is buried in the grounds of St. Mary's Church, Handsworth, in Birmingham. St Mary's Church Handsworth, also known as Handsworth Old Church is an Anglican church in Handsworth, Birmingham, England (not
Boulton was a key member of the Lunar Society. The Lunar Society was a dinner club and informal Learned society of prominent Industrialists natural philosophers and intellectuals who met regularly between His home, Soho House, is now a museum. Soho House, Matthew Boulton 's home (from 1766 until he died in 1809 in Handsworth, Birmingham, England, is now a Museum (opened An extensive archive of his papers are at Birmingham Central Library. Birmingham Central Library is the main public library in Birmingham, England.
He is also remembered by the Moonstones; a statue of him, Watt and Murdoch, by William Bloye, Matthew Boulton College, and Boulton Road, all in Birmingham. The Moonstones ( are a set of eight carved Sandstone Memorials to various members of the Lunar Society. The Gilded Bronze Statue of Matthew Boulton, James Watt and William Murdoch by William Bloye stands William James Bloye (1890 - 6 June 1975 was an English sculptor, active in Birmingham either side of World War II. Matthew Boulton College is a Further and Higher Education college situated in the Eastside of Birmingham, West Midlands. Birmingham ( ˈbɜːmɪŋəm Ber -ming-um There is also a Boulton Road in Smethwick. Smethwick (pronounced 'Smethick' is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell, in the West Midlands of England.
Key innovations
- Boulton's secret to improving labour productivity was by equipping his works with all kinds of labour-saving devices made by the use of clever designs with interchangeable components, and making use of technology to reproduce designs, each of which was efficiently manufactured in quantity. Labour productivity is defined by the OECD to be "the ratio of a volume measure of output to a volume measure of input" OECD Manual “Measuring Productivity
- Instead of putting work out in the traditional way to toymakers around the town, he brought all the functions of a modern business, including design and marketing, under his control.
- In the 1770s he introduced a very early social insurance scheme, funded by workers' contributions of 1/60th of their wages, and which paid benefits of up to 80% of wages to staff who were sick or injured or killed. Events and trends For more events see 18th century United States Declaration of Independence ratified by the Continental Congress Social insurance is any Government -sponsored program with the following four characteristics the benefits eligibility requirements and other aspects of the program
- He ensured that the works were clean, well-lit and well-ventilated.
- He refused to employ young children.
References
- The Lunar Men: Five Friends Whose Curiosity Changed the World by Jenny Uglow (Faber & Faber, 2002)
- A History of the Button by Roy Earnshaw (Lands' End Catalog: March 1989, Volume 25, Number 3)
External links
- Archives of Soho at Birmingham Central Library.
- http://jquarter.members.beeb.net/moremboulton.htm
- Revolutionary Players website
- Cornwall Record Office Boulton & Watt letters
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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