Matriculation, in the broadest sense, means to be registered or added to a list, from the Latin matrix. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. In Scottish heraldry, for instance, a matriculation is a registration of armorial bearings. Scottish Heraldry is a distinct system of armorial practice devised and used in Scotland. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The most common meaning, however, refers to the formal process of entering a university, or of becoming eligible to enter by acquiring the meeting prerequisites. A university is an institution of Higher education and Research, which grants Academic degrees in a variety of subjects

Contents 1 Entrance exam 2 By country 2.1 North American universities 2.2 South Africa 2.3 India 2.4 United Kingdom 2.5 Incorporation 3 References

Entrance exam

In England and Wales until the advent of the General Certificate of Education (GCE), Matriculation (usually abbreviated "matric") was the examination taken to earn the right to enter university. History The Roman occupation of Britain was the first period in which the area of present-day England and Wales was administered as a single unit (with the exception The General Certificate of Education or GCE is a secondary-level academic qualification that Examination boards in the United Kingdom confer to students Unlike the GCE exam, it had a number of compulsory subjects and all had to be passed at a single sitting.

In some countries, for example Iceland and Malta, a matriculation exam (somewhere more like a degree nowadays rather than a single exam) is still obligatory to enter a university. Iceland, officially the Republic of Iceland ( ( Ísland or Lýðveldið Ísland ( Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands

German-Speaking countries use the term "Immatrikulation" (Austrian: "Inskription") (Matriculation) for the process of signing up for the school.

By country

North American universities

In Canada, the term is used by some older universities to refer to orientation ("frosh") events, however some Universities, including University of King's College, still hold formal Matriculation ceremonies. Orientation week is the first week of the academic year at a University or other tertiary institution and a variety of events are held to help orient and welcome The University of King's College is a post-secondary institution in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

In the United States, "matriculation" generally simply refers to enrollment or registration as a student at a university or college by a student intending to earn a degree (a university might make a distinction between "matriculated students," who are actually accumulating credits toward a degree, and a relative few "non-matriculated students" who may be "auditing" courses or taking classes without receiving credits), an event which involves only paperwork and is often handled by mail or online. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Formal matriculation ceremonies are an extreme rarity, with only a few colleges and universities holding any sort of formal event. Carnegie Mellon University, Rice University, Virginia Military Institute, Dartmouth College, Marietta College, Trinity College in Connecticut, Kalamazoo College in Michigan and Kenyon College, Mount Union College, Walsh University in Ohio are among the few with matriculation ceremonies. Carnegie Mellon University (also known as CMU) is a private Research University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United William Marsh Rice University (commonly called Rice University and opened in 1912 as The William Marsh Rice Institute for the Advancement of Letters Science and Art Dartmouth College ( is a private, Coeducational University located in Hanover, New Hampshire, U Marietta College is a Co-educational private college in Marietta Ohio, United States, Trinity College is a private liberal arts college in Hartford Connecticut. Kalamazoo College ( K College or K) is a private liberal arts college located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States Kenyon College is a private liberal arts college in Gambier Ohio, founded in 1824 by Bishop Philander Chase of the The Episcopal Church Mount Union College is a 4-year private Liberal arts College in Alliance Ohio. Walsh University is a private not-for-profit 4-year Roman Catholic University in North Canton, Ohio, USA ^[1][2][3]

Some medical schools highlight matriculation with a white coat ceremony. The white coat ceremony ( WCC) is a relatively new Ritual in some Medical, Dental, Pharmacy, veterinary medical, Physical Ex. UAB School of Medicine ^[4]

South Africa

Main article: Matriculation (South Africa)

In South Africa, "matriculation" (usually shortened to "matric") is a term commonly used to refer to the final year of high school and the qualification received on graduating from high school, although strictly speaking it refers to the minimum university entrance requirements.

India

Main article: Matriculation (India)

In India, "matriculation" (sometimes referred to as "matric") is a term commonly used to refer to the final year of high school, which ends at tenth standard (tenth grade) and the qualification received on finishing the tenth standard (tenth grade) of high school and passing the national board exams or the state board exams, commonly called "matriculation exams". The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education ( ICSE) examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations for The Secondary School Certificate, also known as SSC, is a public examination taken by students in Bangladesh, Pakistan and in the states of Gujarat Most students who pass out of matriculation, or class 10, are 15-16 years old. Upon successfully passing, a student may continue onto junior college. The 11th and 12th standards (grades) are usually referred to as "first year junior college" and "second year junior college". Most students who pass out of class 12 are 17-18 years old. With the introduction of separate entrance examinations for entry into medicine, engineering and law courses, many students (especially those opting for science) tend to take their 12th exams lightly. An entrance examination is an Examination that many educational institutions use to select students for admission Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, or in Latin Medicinae Baccalaureus et Baccalaureus Chirurgiae (abbreviated MB BChir, BM BCh, The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Entrance exams usually comprise of multiple-choice-questions on physics, chemistry and biology (or mathematics) and are conducted separately on national and state levels. Physics (Greek Physis - φύσις in everyday terms is the Science of Matter and its motion. Chemistry (from Egyptian kēme (chem meaning "earth") is the Science concerned with the composition structure and properties Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Mathematics is the body of Knowledge and Academic discipline that studies such concepts as Quantity, Structure, Space and Additionally some highly coveted institutions hold their own entrance tests. These competitive exams are among the toughest in the world and competition is intense, for example over 300,000 students appear for the IIT-JEE exam, competing for 5,500 seats at the IITs. The Indian Institute of Technology Joint Entrance Examination (popularly known as IIT-JEE or just JEE) is an annual college Entrance examination in The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs, are a group of fourteen autonomous Engineering and Technology -oriented institutes of Higher education established The CBSE and ICSE boards conduct twelfth standard courses nationally, while state boards operate at the state-level. The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education ( ICSE) examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations for The Higher Secondary Certificate, also known as HSC, is a public examination taken by students in Bangladesh, Pakistan and in the states of Gujarat

United Kingdom

In the English universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham, the term is used for the ceremony at which new students are entered into the register (in Latin matricula) of the university, at which point they become members of the university. The University of Oxford (informally "Oxford University" or simply "Oxford" located in the city of Oxford, Oxfordshire, England is the The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University) located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the Durham University is a University in Durham, England. It was founded as the University of Durham (which remains its official and legal name Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Matricula, a Latin word meaning a register several meanings in the field of Christian antiquity Oxford requires matriculands to wear academic dress with sub-fusc during the ceremony. The University of Oxford has a long tradition of Academic dress, and a visitor to Oxford during term will see academic dress worn on a regular basis At Cambridge and Durham, policy regarding the wearing of academic dress varies amongst the colleges. Separate matriculation ceremonies are held by the colleges at Oxford, Cambridge and some of the colleges in Durham.

At the ancient universities of Scotland, Matriculation involves signing the Sponsio Academica, a pledge to abide by university rules and to support the institution. The ancient universities of Scotland are medieval and renaissance universities that continue to exist until the present day

At British universities where there is no formal ceremony, the terms matriculation and registration are often used interchangeably to describe the administrative process of becoming a member of the university.

At Oxford and Cambridge matriculation was formerly associated with entrance examinations taken before or shortly after matriculation, known as Responsions at Oxford and the Previous Examination at Cambridge, both abolished in 1960. Responsions was previously a name describing the first of the three Examinations once required for an Academic degree at the University of Oxford. University-wide entrance examinations were subsequently re-introduced at both universities, but abolished in 1995 . More limited subject-based tests have since been introduced.

Incorporation

Along with the act of becoming a member of a college or hall of the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge or of becoming a member of Trinity College, Dublin, becoming a member of the University is not termed matriculation but incorporation when the incorporand (the person to be incorporated) in question has already matriculated under the auspices of one of these three institutions (unless he is joining a college or hall of one of these three institutions into which he has been matriculated).

References

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