Materia medica is a Latin medical term for the body of collected knowledge about the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the Nowadays we would call these drugs. A drug, broadly speaking is any chemical substance that when absorbed into the body In Latin, the term literally means "medical material/substance".

The term was used from the period of the Roman Empire until the twentieth century, but has now been generally replaced in medical education contexts by the term pharmacology. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs

Contents 1 History 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 External links

History

One of the best-known early uses of the term was in the title of a work by the Greek physician Dioscorides in the first century AD, entitled de materia medica libri quinque (concerning medical matter in five volumes). The term ancient Greece refers to the period of Greek history lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca Pedanius Dioscorides (Πεδάνιος Διοσκορίδης ca This famous commentary covered about 500 plants plus a number of therapeutically useful animal and mineral products. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae.

Later in the medieval Islamic world, Muslim botanists and Muslim physicians significantly expanded on this knowledge. The Islamic Golden Age from the 8th century to the 13th century witnessed a fundamental transformation in Agriculture known as the Arab Agricultural For example, al-Dinawari described more than 637 plant drugs in the 9th century,^[1] and Ibn al-Baitar described at least 1,400 different plants, foods and drugs (300 of which were his own original discoveries) in the 13th century. TemplateInfobox Muslim scholars --> Ābu Ḥanīfah Āḥmad ibn Dawūd Dīnawārī (828 - 896 was a Kurdish polymath Abu Muhammad Abdallah Ibn Ahmad Ibn al-Baitar Dhiya al-Din al-Malaqi (ابن البيطار (d Food is any substance usually composed primarily of Carbohydrates Fats water and/or Proteins that can be eaten or drunk by an ^[2]

The experimental scientific method was introduced into the field in the 13th century by the Andalusian-Arab botanist Abu al-Abbas al-Nabati, the teacher of Ibn al-Baitar. In scientific inquiry an experiment ( Latin: Ex- periri, "to try out" is a method of investigating particular types of research questions or Scientific method refers to bodies of Techniques for investigating phenomena Al-Andalus (الأندلس was the Arabic name given to those parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Muslims or Al-Nabati introduced empirical techniques in the testing, description and identification of numerous materia medica, and he separated unverified reports from those supported by actual tests and observations. A central concept in Science and the Scientific method is that all Evidence must be empirical, or empirically based that is dependent on evidence This allowed the study of materia medica to evolve into the science of pharmacology. Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning " Knowledge " or "knowing" is the effort to discover, and increase human understanding Pharmacology (from Greek grc φάρμακον pharmakon, "drug" and grc -λογία -logia) is the study of how Drugs ^[3]

During the Middle Ages and the modern era, the body of knowledge termed materia medica was transformed by the methods and knowledge of medicinal chemistry into the modern scientific discipline of pharmacology. The term modern period or modern era (sometimes also modern times) is the period of history that followed the Middle Ages between c

See also

• Homeopathic Materia Medica

Notes

References

• Morelon, Régis & Roshdi Rashed (1996), Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science, vol. The Encyclopedia of the History of Arabic Science is a three-volume Encyclopedia covering the history of Arabic contributions to science, mathematics 3, Routledge, ISBN 0415124107

External links

• Materia Medica by Dioscorides
• Tibetan Materia Medica

Routledge is a publisher of non-fiction academic books and journals

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic