Citizendia
Your Ad Here

For other uses of "Mass", see Mass (disambiguation).
A Medieval Mass celebrated by a bishop.
A Medieval Mass celebrated by a bishop. A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight

The Mass is the Eucharistic celebration in the Latin liturgical rites of the Roman Catholic Church. The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those Latin liturgical rites used within that area of the Roman Catholic Church where the Latin language once dominated (the Latin Rite or Western Catholic Church The term is used also of similar celebrations in Old Catholic Churches, in the Anglo-Catholic tradition of Anglicanism, and in some largely High Church Lutheran regions, including the Scandinavian and Baltic countries. The Old Catholic Church is a Christian denomination originating with churches (many of them German -speaking that split from the Roman Catholic Church in The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism (or sometimes possibly incorrectly High Church &mdashsee below describe people Anglicanism is a tradition of Christian faith Churches in this tradition either have historical connections to the Church of England or have similar beliefs High Church Lutheranism is the European name for the Lutheran movement that emphasises worship practices and doctrines that are similar to those found within both Roman Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther Terminology and usage As a cultural term "Scandinavia" has no official definition and is subject to usage by those who identify with the culture in question as well The Baltic states (Balti riigid Baltijas valstis Baltijos valstybės or Baltic countries are three countries in Northern Europe, all members of the For the celebration of the Eucharist in Eastern Churches, including those in full communion with the Holy See, other terms, such as the Divine Liturgy, the Holy Qurbana, and the Badarak, are normally used. Families of churches Eastern Christians have a shared tradition but they became divided ( Schism) during the early centuries of Christianity in disputes about This article refers to Eastern Churches in full communion with the Holy See Full communion is a term used in Christian Ecclesiology to describe the relationship of communion, with mutually recognized sharing of the same essential The term Communion is derived from Latin communio (sharing in common The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, commonly known as the Pope, and is the preeminent Episcopal see of the Roman Catholic The Divine Liturgy is the common term for the Eucharistic service of the Byzantine tradition of Christian liturgy. Holy Qurbana or Qurbana Qadisha (ܩܘܪܒܢܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ qûrbānâ qadîšâ, pronounced qurbono qadisho in West Syriac) the "Holy Offering" The Divine Liturgy is the common term for the Eucharistic service of the Byzantine tradition of Christian liturgy. Most Western denominations not in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church, such as Calvinist Christianity, also usually prefer terms other than Mass. Calvinism (sometimes called the Reformed tradition, the Reformed faith, or Reformed theology) is a theological system and an approach to the

For information on the theology of the Eucharist and on the Eucharistic liturgy of other Christian denominations, see "Eucharist" and "Eucharistic theology". Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings The Eucharist, also called Holy Communion or Lord's Supper and other names is a Christian Sacrament by which in a common interpretation those Eucharistic theology is a branch of Christian Theology which treats of Doctrines concerning the Holy Eucharist.

The term "Mass" is derived from the late-Latin word missa (dismissal), a word used in the concluding formula of Mass in Latin: "Ite, missa est" ("Go; it is the dismissal"). Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Ite missa est are the concluding words addressed to the people in the Mass of the Roman Rite. [1]

Contents

Mass in the Catholic Church

Main article: Eucharist (Catholic Church)

The Council of Trent reaffirmed traditional Christian teaching that the Mass is the same Sacrifice of Calvary offered in an unbloody manner: "The victim is one and the same: the same now offers through the ministry of priests, who then offered himself on the cross; only the manner of offering is different. Eucharist in the Catholic Church refers to both the celebration of the Mass that is the Eucharistic Liturgy, and the consecrated bread and wine which The Council of Trent was the 19th Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. The ministerial orders of the Catholic Church includes both the orders of bishops and presbyters, which in Latin is sacerdos. And since in this divine sacrifice which is celebrated in the Mass, the same Christ who offered himself once in a bloody manner on the altar of the cross is contained and offered in an unbloody manner. . . this sacrifice is truly propitiatory" (Doctrina de ss. Missae sacrificio, c. 2, quoted in Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1367). The Council declared that Jesus instituted the Mass at his Last Supper: "He offered up to God the Father His own body and blood under the species of bread and wine; and, under the symbols of those same things, He delivered (His own body and blood) to be received by His apostles, whom He then constituted priests of the New Testament; and by those words, Do this in commemoration of me, He commanded them and their successors in the priesthood, to offer (them); even as the Catholic Church has always understood and taught. Jesus of Nazareth (7–2 BC / BCE —26–36 AD / CE) In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his "[2]

The Roman Catholic Church sees the Mass as the most perfect way it has to offer latria (adoration) to God. Latrīa is a Latin term (from the Greek λατρεια) used in Orthodox and Catholic theology to mean Adoration, which is the highest It is also Catholic belief that in objective reality, not merely symbolically, the wheaten bread and grape wine are converted into Christ's body and blood, a conversion referred to as transubstantiation, so that the whole Christ, body and blood, soul and divinity, is truly, really, and substantially contained in the sacrament of the Eucharist. See also Eucharist (Catholic Church On the related belief that Christ is present in the Eucharist in body blood soul and divinity see Real Presence. [3]

Latest edition (2002) of the Missale Romanum
Latest edition (2002) of the Missale Romanum

Texts used in the Roman Rite of Mass

The Roman Missal contains the prayers, antiphons and rubrics of the Mass. The Roman Missal ((Missale Romanum is the liturgical book that contains the texts and rubrics for the celebration of the Mass in the Roman Rite Earlier editions also contained the Scripture readings, which were then fewer in number. The latest edition of the Roman Missal gives the normal ("ordinary") form of Mass in the Roman Rite. [4] But, in accordance with the conditions laid down in the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum of 7 July 2007, the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal, the latest of the editions that give what is known as the Tridentine Mass, may be used as an extraordinary form of celebrating the Roman-Rite Mass. A motu proprio ( Latin "on his own impulse" is a document issued by the Pope on his own initiative and personally signed by him Summorum Pontificum (Of the Supreme Pontiffs is an Apostolic Letter of Pope Benedict XVI, issued " Motu proprio " (i Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death The Tridentine Mass (Missa Tridentina is the form of the Roman Rite Mass contained in the typical editions of the Roman Missal that were published An extraordinary form of the Roman Rite is a form other than the ordinary normal form of that rite

In the United States and Canada, the English translation of the Roman Missal is at present called the Sacramentary. The Sacramentary is a book containing the prayers that a priest recites at Mass.

The Lectionary presents passages from the Bible arranged in the order for reading at each day's Mass. A Lectionary is a book or listing that contains a collection of Scripture readings appointed for Christian or Judaic worship on a given day or occasion Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Compared with the scripture readings in the pre-1970 Missal, the modern Lectionary contains a much wider variety of passages, too many to include in the Missal. A Book of the Gospels, also called the Evangeliary,[5] is recommended for the reading from the Gospels, but, where this book is not available, the Lectionary is used in its place. The Gospel Book, or Book of the Gospels ( Greek:, Evangélion) is a Codex or bound volume containing one or more of the four Gospels The Gospel in Christian liturgy refers to a reading from the Gospels used during various religious services and Mass or Divine Liturgy

Structure of the Roman Rite of Mass

(For earlier forms, see Pre-Tridentine Mass and Tridentine Mass. The term Pre-Tridentine Mass here refers to the variants of the liturgical rite of Mass in Rome before 1570 when with his bull Quo primum, The Tridentine Mass (Missa Tridentina is the form of the Roman Rite Mass contained in the typical editions of the Roman Missal that were published )

Within the fixed structure outlined below, the Scripture readings, the antiphons sung or recited during the entrance procession or communion, and the texts of the three prayers known as the collect, the prayer over the gifts, and the postcommunion prayer vary each day according to the liturgical season, the feast days of titles or events in the life of Christ, the feast days and commemorations of the saints, or for Masses for particular circumstances (e. This article is about the musical term See Antiphon (person the orator of ancient Greece In Christian Liturgy, a collect kol-ekt' is both a liturgical action and a short general Prayer. g. , funeral Masses, Masses for the celebration of Confirmation, Masses for peace, to begin the academic year, etc. ).

Pre-Mass devotions

A bowl of holy water is kept near each entrance to the church. Holy water can also refer to water that has been blessed, such as by a Priest, and is considered Holy. As parishioners enter, they dip their fingers into the water and then make a sign of the cross. The Sign of the Cross, or Signum crucis in Latin is a ritual hand motion made by members of many but not all branches of Christianity. This action reminds participants of their baptismal promises (that through baptism they have been cleansed of their sins). In Christianity, baptism ( Greek, "immersing" "performing Ablutions " is the ritual act with the use of water by which one is admitted Following this, it is customary to genuflect by the side of a pew in the direction of the tabernacle holding the Blessed Sacrament (consecrated Eucharist), before sitting or kneeling and taking time to recollect thoughts before entering into the sacred action of the Mass. Genuflection (or genuflexion) (Latin genuflexio "bending of the knee" is an act of reverence in Christianity, consisting of bending onto (usually A pew is a long bench used for seating members of a church 's congregation The Blessed Sacrament, or the Body and Blood of Christ, is a devotional name used in the Roman Catholic Church, Old Catholic and Anglican If the Blessed Sacrament is not present in the sanctuary, one may make a profound bow to the altar, as is prescribed for the priest and ministers when they enter to begin Mass. [6]

Introductory rites

A typical altar in a Latin-Rite Catholic church — High altar of the Kapucijnenkerk; Ostend, Belgium.
A typical altar in a Latin-Rite Catholic church — High altar of the Kapucijnenkerk; Ostend, Belgium. ||-||-||} Ostend  (  Oostende, French and German Ostende) is a Belgian City and municipality located in the Flemish The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those

The priest enters, with a deacon, if there is one, and altar servers. The ministerial orders of the Catholic Church includes both the orders of bishops and presbyters, which in Latin is sacerdos. Deacon is a role in the Christian Church that is generally associated with service of some kind but which varies among theological and denominational traditions The deacon may carry the Gospel Book and the servers a processional cross and candles. During the entrance a hymn is sung or the entrance antiphon is recited by the priest after greeting the people. Mass begins with all making the large Sign of the Cross (the fingertips of the right hand touch in sequence the forehead, breast, left shoulder and right shoulder), while the priest says the Trinitarian formula, "In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit", to which the people answer: "Amen. The Sign of the Cross, or Signum crucis in Latin is a ritual hand motion made by members of many but not all branches of Christianity. A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities SSC RF "Troitsk Institute of Innovative and Termonuclear Research" or TRINITY for shprt Троицкий Институт инновационных и термоядерных " Then the priest "signifies the presence of the Lord to the community gathered there by means of the Greeting. By this Greeting and the people’s response, the mystery of the Church gathered together is made manifest" (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 50). [1] The greetings are derived from the Pauline epistles. The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul (Παῦλος as the first

Then the priest invites those present to take part in the Act of Penitence, of which the Missal proposes three forms, the first of which is the Confiteor. In the, the Penitential Rite is a part of the Introductory Rites of the Mass. The Confiteor (so named from its first word in Latin is a general confession of sin recited at the beginning of Mass of the Roman Rite and on some other occasions This is concluded with the priest's prayer of absolution, "which, however, lacks the efficacy of the Sacrament of Penance" (GIRM 51). "On Sundays, especially in the Season of Easter, in place of the customary Act of Penitence, from time to time the blessing and sprinkling of water to recall Baptism may take place" (GIRM 51).

"After the Act of Penitence, the Kyrie is always begun, unless it has already been included as part of the Act of Penitence. Kýrie is from the Greek word κύριε (kyrie the Vocative case of κύριος (kyrios meaning O Lord. Since it is a chant by which the faithful acclaim the Lord and implore his mercy, it is ordinarily done by all, that is, by the people and with the choir or cantor having a part in it" (GIRM 52). The Kyrie may be sung or recited in the vernacular language or in the original Greek. Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly

"The Gloria in Excelsis Deo is a very ancient and venerable hymn in which the Church, gathered together in the Holy Spirit, glorifies and entreats God the Father and the Lamb. " Gloria in excelsis Deo " ( Latin for "Glory to God in the highest" is the title and beginning of a hymn known also as the Greater Doxology In mainstream Christianity, the Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost is one of the three entities of the Holy Trinity which make up the single substance In many religions the supreme Deity ( God) is given the title and attributions of Father. . . . It is sung or said on Sundays outside the Seasons of Advent and Lent, on solemnities and feasts, and at special celebrations of a more solemn character" (GIRM 53). Advent (from the Latin word la ''adventus'' meaning "coming" is a season of the Christian church, the period of expectant waiting and preparation for the Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. In accordance with that rule, the Gloria is omitted at funerals and is considered optional at weddings. A funeral is a Ceremony marking a person's Death. Funerary customs comprise the complex of Beliefs and practices used by a Culture to remember A wedding is the Ceremony in which two people are united in Marriage. It is also omitted for ordinary feast-days of saints, weekdays, and Votive Masses. It is also optional, in line with the perceived degree of solemnity of the occasion, at Ritual Masses such as those celebrated for Marriage("Nuptial Mass"), Confirmation or Religious Profession, at Masses on the Anniversary of Marriage or Religious Profession, and at Masses for Various Needs and Occasions. Confirmation is a Rite of initiation in many Christian Churches normally in the form of Laying on of hands and/or Anointing for For Profession of faith (public avowal of faith according to a traditional formula see Creed.

"Next the priest invites the people to pray. All, together with the priest, observe a brief silence so that they may be conscious of the fact that they are in God’s presence and may formulate their petitions mentally. Then the priest says the prayer which is customarily known as the Collect and through which the character of the celebration is expressed" (GIRM 54). In Christian Liturgy, a collect kol-ekt' is both a liturgical action and a short general Prayer.

Liturgy of the Word

On Sundays and solemnities, three Scripture readings are given. On other days there are only two. If there are three readings, the first is from the Old Testament (a term wider than Hebrew Scriptures, since it includes the Deuterocanonical Books), or the Acts of the Apostles during Eastertide. In Western Christianity, the Old Testament refers to the books that form the first of the two-part Christian Biblical canon. The term Hebrew Bible is a generic reference to those books of the Bible originally written in Biblical Hebrew (and the related Biblical Aramaic " Deuterocanonical books " is a term used since the sixteenth century in the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Christianity to describe certain books and passages The Acts of the Apostles is a book of the Bible, which now stands fifth in the New Testament. Eastertide, or the Easter Season, or Paschal Time, is the period of fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost Sunday The first reading is followed by a Responsorial Psalm, a complete Psalm or a sizeable portion of one. Psalms ( Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים, or "praises" is a book of the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) included Psalms ( Hebrew: Tehilim, תהילים, or "praises" is a book of the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) included A cantor, choir or lector leads, and the congregation sings or recites a refrain. A cantor or chanter (Gk ψάλτης is the chief singer (and ofttimes instructor employed in a church with responsibilities for the ecclesiastical Choir For the musical composition see Chorale. A choir, chorale, or chorus is a Musical ensemble of Singers The second reading is from the New Testament, typically from one of the Pauline epistles. The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul (Παῦλος as the first

The final reading and high point of the Liturgy of the Word is the proclamation of the Gospel. This article is about the canonical books of the New Testament This is preceded by the singing or recitation of the Gospel Acclamation, typically an Alleluia with a verse of Scripture, which may be omitted if not sung. The Alleluia is chanted before the Gospel lesson in the Eucharistic Liturgies of the various Christian liturgical rites. Alleluia is replaced during Lent by a different acclamation of praise. Lent, in some Christian denominations, is the forty-day-long liturgical season of fasting and prayer before Easter. All stand while the Gospel is chanted or read by a deacon or, if none is available, by a priest. The Gospel in Christian liturgy refers to a reading from the Gospels used during various religious services and Mass or Divine Liturgy Deacon is a role in the Christian Church that is generally associated with service of some kind but which varies among theological and denominational traditions To conclude the Gospel reading, the priest or deacon proclaims: "This is the Gospel of the Lord" (in the United States, "The Gospel of the Lord") and the people respond, "Praise to you, Lord Jesus Christ. " The priest or deacon then kisses the book.

A bishop, priest or deacon may then give a homily, a sermon that draws upon some aspect of the readings or the liturgy of the day. A homily is a commentary that follows a reading of scripture In the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and in the Eastern Orthodox Church A sermon is an oration by a Prophet or member of the Clergy. Sermons address a Biblical, theological, or religious topic The homily is obligatory on Sundays and Holy Days of Obligation, and is highly encouraged for other days. In the Catholic Church, Holy Days of Obligation or Holidays of Obligation, less commonly called Feasts of Precept, are the days on which as canon 1247

On Sundays and solemnities, all then profess their Christian faith by reciting or singing the Nicene Creed or, especially from Easter to Pentecost, the Apostles' Creed, which is particularly associated with baptism and often used with Masses for children. The Nicene Creed (ˈnaɪsiːn is an ecumenical Christian statement of faith accepted in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Assyrian Church of

The Liturgy of the Word concludes with the General Intercessions or "Prayers of the Faithful. Distinguish from "inter-session" ie "between Sessions " Intercession, in both Christianity and Islam, " The priest speaks a general introduction, then a deacon or lay person addresses the congregation, presenting some intentions for prayer, to which the congregation responds with a short response such as: "Lord hear our prayer". The priest may conclude with a supplication. Supplication (also known as petitioning) is the most common form of Prayer, wherein a person asks a Supernatural Deity to provide something

Liturgy of the Eucharist

Mass in the Grotto of the Annunciation, Nazareth.
Mass in the Grotto of the Annunciation, Nazareth. This article refers to the basilica in Nazareth For information on the church associated with the Blagoveschenskaya Tower in Russia see Kremlin towers or Cathedral

The linen corporal is spread over the center of the altar, and the Liturgy of the Eucharist begins with the ceremonial placing on it of bread and wine. The Corporal (from the Latin corpus, "body" is a square white linen cloth now usually somewhat smaller than the breadth of an altar upon which the These may be brought to the altar in a procession, especially if Mass is celebrated with a large congregation. An altar is any structure upon which Sacrifices or other offerings are made for religious purposes or some other sacred place where ceremonies take place [7] The bread (wheaten and unleavened) is placed on a paten, and the wine (from grapes), mixed with a little water, is put in a chalice. A paten, or diskos, is a small plate usually made of silver or gold used to hold Eucharistic bread which is to be Consecrated. A chalice (from Latin calix, cup borrowed from Greek kalyx, shell husk is a goblet intended to hold drink As the priest places each on the corporal, he says a silent prayer over each individually, which, if this rite is unaccompanied by singing, he is permitted to say aloud, in which case the congregation responds to each prayer with: "Blessed be God forever. " Then the priest washes his hands, "a rite that is an expression of his desire for interior purification. "[8]

The congregation, which has been seated during this preparatory rite, rises, and the priest gives an exhortation to pray: "Pray, brothers and sisters, that our sacrifice may be acceptable to God, the almighty Father. " The congregation responds: "May the Lord accept the sacrifice at your hands, for the praise and glory of his name, for our good, and the good of all his Church. " The priest then pronounces the variable prayer over the gifts that have been set aside.

The Eucharistic Prayer, "the center and summit of the entire celebration",[9] then begins with a dialogue between priest and people. The Anaphora is the most solemn part of the Divine liturgy, Mass, or other Christian Communion rite where the offerings of bread and wine are consecrated This dialogue opens with the normal liturgical greeting, but in view of the special solemnity of the rite now beginning, the priest then exhorts the people: "Lift up your hearts. " The people respond with: "We lift them up to the Lord. " The priest then introduces the great theme of the Eucharist, a word originating in the Greek word for giving thanks: "Let us give thanks to the Lord, our God," he says. The congregation joins in this sentiment, saying: "It is right to give him thanks and praise. "

The priest then continues with one of many Eucharistic Prayer prefaces, which lead to the Sanctus acclamation: "Holy, Holy, Holy Lord God of power and might, Heaven and Earth are full of your glory, Hosanna in the Highest, Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, Hosanna in the Highest. Sanctus is the Latin word for holy or saint and is the name of an important Hymn of Christian Liturgy. "

In some countries, including the United States, the people kneel immediately after the singing or recitation of the Sanctus. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the However, the general rule is that they kneel somewhat later, for the Consecration,[10] when, according to Catholic faith, the underlying reality or substance of the bread and wine is converted into the body and blood of Christ (see Transubstantiation). Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service usually religious See also Eucharist (Catholic Church On the related belief that Christ is present in the Eucharist in body blood soul and divinity see Real Presence.

Mass at the Grotto at Lourdes. The chalice is displayed to the people immediately after the consecration of the wine.
Mass at the Grotto at Lourdes. Lourdes ( Occitan: Lorda) is a town and commune situated in the southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées department, lying in the first Pyrenean The chalice is displayed to the people immediately after the consecration of the wine.

The Eucharistic Prayer includes the Epiclesis, through which the Church implores the power of the Holy Spirit that the gifts that have been set aside may become Christ's body and blood and that the Communion may be for the salvation of those who will partake of it. In most Christian churches the epiclesis (also sometimes spelled epiklesis, since it is a transliterated Greek word is that part of the [11]

The central part is the Institution Narrative and Consecration, recalling the words and actions of Jesus at his Last Supper, which he told his disciples to do in remembrance of him. The Words of Institution are those used inserted into a narrative of the Last Supper, in Christian Eucharistic liturgies to recall those used by Jesus on that In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his [12].

Immediately after the Consecration and the display to the people of the consecrated elements, the priest invites the people to proclaim "the mystery of faith", and the congregation joins in reciting the Memorial Acclamation. Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service usually religious In the Roman Catholic Church, the Memorial Acclamation (sometimes wrongly called the Mystery of Faith) is a part of the Eucharistic Prayer of the Mass The Roman Missal gives three forms of this acclamation. The 1973 English translation, which, perhaps at the end of 2009, is to be replaced by a revised text, added another ("Christ has died . . . ") and put it in first place. In Ireland yet another form ("My Lord and my God") is permitted.

The Eucharistic Prayer also includes the Anamnesis, expressions of offering, and intercessions for the living and dead. Anamnesis (ἀνάμνησις = "recollection reminiscence" is a term used in Medicine, Philosophy, Psychoanalysis and

It concludes with a doxology, with the priest lifting up the paten with the host and the deacon (if there is one) the chalice, and the singing or recitation of the Amen by the people. A doxology (from the Greek doxa, glory + Logos, word or speaking is a short Hymn of praise to God in various Christian The word Amen (; آمين, ’Āmīn; "So be it truly" Its use in Judaism dates back to its earliest texts The unofficial term "The Great Amen" is sometimes applied to this Amen.

Communion rite

All together recite or sing the "Lord's Prayer" ("Pater Noster" or "Our Father"). The Lord's Prayer, also known as the Our Father or Pater noster, is probably the best-known Prayer in Christianity. The priest introduces it with a short phrase and follows it up with the prayer: "Deliver us, Lord, from every evil, and grant us peace in our day. In your mercy keep us free from sin and protect us from all anxiety as we wait in joyful hope for the coming of our Savior, Jesus Christ. " The people then add the doxology: "For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours, now and forever. A doxology (from the Greek doxa, glory + Logos, word or speaking is a short Hymn of praise to God in various Christian "

Next comes the rite of peace (pax). The holy kiss is a traditional Christian Greeting. The term comes from the New Testament, where it appears five times After praying: "Lord Jesus Christ, you said to your apostles: 'I leave you peace, my peace I give you. ' Look not on our sins, but on the faith of your Church, and grant us the peace and unity of your kingdom where you live for ever and ever ", the priest wishes the people the peace of Christ: "The peace of the Lord be with you always. " The deacon or, in his absence, the priest may then invite those present to offer each other the sign of peace. The form of the sign of peace varies according to local custom for a respectful greeting (for instance, a handshake or a bow between strangers, or a kiss/hug between family members).

While the "Lamb of God" ("Agnus Dei" in Latin) litany is sung or recited, the priest breaks the host and places a piece in the main chalice; this is known as the rite of fraction and commingling. Lamb of God ( Latin: Agnus Dei) is one of the titles given to Jesus in the New Testament and consequently in the Christian Agnus Dei is a Latin term meaning Lamb of God, and was originally used to refer to Jesus Christ in his role of the perfect sacrificial

If extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion are required, they may come forward at this time, but they are not allowed to go to the altar itself until after the priest has received Communion (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 162). The priest then presents the transubstantiated elements to the congregation, saying: "This is the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world. Happy are those who are called to his supper. " Then all repeat: "Lord, I am not worthy to receive you, but only say the word and I shall be healed. " The priest then receives Communion and, with the help, if necessary, of extraordinary ministers, distributes Communion to the people, who, as a rule,[13] approach in procession. When receiving Holy Communion, the communicant bows his or her head before the Sacrament as a gesture of reverence, and may receive the consecrated host either on the tongue or in the hand, at the discretion of each communicant. [14] The distributing minister says: "The body of Christ" or "The blood of Christ", according as the element distributed is the consecrated bread or the consecrated wine, or: "The body and blood of Christ", if both are distributed together (by intinction). Intinction is the Eucharistic practice of partly dipping the consecrated bread or host, into the consecrated wine before distributing it to the Communicant [15] The communicant responds: "Amen. "

While Communion is distributed, an appropriate song is recommended. If that is not possible, a short antiphon is recited before the distribution begins. This article is about the musical term See Antiphon (person the orator of ancient Greece

"The sacred vessels are purified by the priest, the deacon, or an instituted acolyte after Communion or after Mass, insofar as possible at the credence table" (GIRM 279). Then the priest concludes the Liturgy of the Eucharist with the Prayer after Communion, for which the people are invited to stand.

Concluding rite

After the Prayer after Communion, announcements may be made. The Missal says these should be brief. The priest then gives the usual liturgical greeting and imparts his blessing. The liturgy concludes with a dialogue between the priest and congregation. The deacon, or in his absence, the priest himself then dismisses the people. The Latin formula is simply "Ite, missa est", but the 1973 English Missal gives a choice of dismissal formulas. Ite missa est are the concluding words addressed to the people in the Mass of the Roman Rite. The congregation responds: "Thanks be to God. " The priest and other ministers then leave, often to the accompaniment of a recessional hymn, and the people then depart. In some countries the priest customarily stands outside the church door to greet them individually.

Time of celebration of Mass

Since the Second Vatican Council, the time for fulfilling the obligation to attend Mass on Sunday or a Holy Day of Obligation now begins on the evening of the day before,[16] and most parish churches do celebrate the Sunday Mass also on Saturday evening. The Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, or Vatican II, was the twentieth century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church. In the Catholic Church, Holy Days of Obligation or Holidays of Obligation, less commonly called Feasts of Precept, are the days on which as canon 1247 By long tradition and liturgical law, Mass is not celebrated at any time on Good Friday (but Holy Communion is distributed, with hosts consecrated at the evening Mass of the Lord's Supper on Holy Thursday, to those participating in the Celebration of the Passion of the Lord) or on Holy Saturday before the Easter Vigil (the beginning of the celebration of Easter Sunday), in other words, between the annual celebrations of the Lord's Supper and the Resurrection of Jesus (see Easter Triduum). Good Friday, also called Holy Friday or Great Friday, is the Friday preceding Easter Sunday ("Pascha" Holy Saturday ( Latin: Sabbatum Sanctum) is the day after Good Friday. The Easter Vigil, also called the Paschal Vigil or the Great Vigil of Easter, is a service held in many Christian churches as the first official celebration Easter Triduum, Holy Triduum, or Paschal Triduum is a term used by some Christian churches particularly the Roman Catholic Church, the

Deacons, priests and bishops are required to celebrate the Liturgy of the Hours daily, but are not obligated to celebrate Mass daily. This article refers to the Liturgy of the Hours as a specific manifestation of public prayer in the Roman Catholic Church. "Apart from those cases in which the law allows him to celebrate or concelebrate the Eucharist a number of times on the same day, a priest may not celebrate more than once a day" (canon 905 of the Code of Canon Law), and "a priest may not celebrate the Eucharistic Sacrifice without the participation of at least one of the faithful, unless there is a good and reasonable cause for doing so" (canon 906).

Priests may be required by their posts to celebrate Mass daily, or at least on Sundays, for the faithful in their pastoral care. The bishop of a diocese and the pastor of a parish are required to celebrate or arrange for another priest to celebrate, on every Sunday or Holy Day of Obligation, a Mass "pro populo" - that is, for the faithful entrusted to his care. In the Catholic Church, Holy Days of Obligation or Holidays of Obligation, less commonly called Feasts of Precept, are the days on which as canon 1247

For Latin-Rite priests, there are a few general exceptions to the limitation to celebrate only one Mass a day (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 204). By very ancient tradition, they may celebrate Mass three times at Christmas (the Midnight Mass or "Shepherd's Mass", the Dawn Mass and the Day Mass, each of which has its own readings and chants).

On All Souls' Day they may also, on the basis of a privilege to all priests by Pope Benedict XV in August 1915, celebrate Mass three times, but not immediately one after the other; only one of the three Masses may be for the personal intentions of the priest, while the other two Masses must be applied, one for all the faithful departed, the other for the intentions of the Pope. Pope Benedict XV ( Latin: Benedictus PP XV) (Benedetto XV ( November 21 1854 &ndash January 22 1922 born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa A priest who has concelebrated the Chrism Mass, which may be held on the morning of Holy Thursday, may also celebrate or concelebrate the Mass of the Lord's Supper that evening. A priest may celebrate or concelebrate both the Mass of the Easter Vigil and Mass during Easter day (the Easter Vigil "should not begin before nightfall; it should end before daybreak on Sunday"; and may therefore take place at midnight or in the early hours of Easter morning). Finally, a priest who has concelebrated Mass at a meeting of priests or during a pastoral visitation by a bishop or a bishop's delegate, may celebrate a second Mass for the benefit of the laity.

In addition to these general permissions, the Local Ordinary may, for a good reason, permit priests to celebrate twice (they are then said to "binate," and the act is "bination") on weekdays, and three times ("trinate," and "trination") on Sundays and Holy Days (canon 905 §2). Examples would be: if a parish priest were to need to celebrate the usual, scheduled daily Mass of a parish, and a funeral later in the morning, or three Masses to accommodate all of the parishioners in a very populous parish on Sundays. In particularly difficult circumstances, the Pope can grant the diocesan bishop permission to give his priests faculties to trinate on weekdays and quadrinate on Sundays.

In many countries, the bishop's power to permit priests to celebrate two Masses on one day and three Masses on one day is widely availed of, so that it is common for priests assigned to parish ministry to celebrate at least two Masses on any given Sunday, and two Masses on several other days of the week. Permission for four Masses on one day has been obtained in order to cope with large numbers of Catholics either in mission lands or where the ranks of priests are diminishing.

Duration of the celebration

The length of time that it takes to celebrate Mass varies considerably. While the Roman Rite liturgy is shorter than other liturgical rites, it may on solemn occasions take more than an hour and a half. The liturgical rite of the Church of Rome is called the Roman Rite. The length of the homily is an obvious factor that contributes to the overall length. A homily is a commentary that follows a reading of scripture In the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and in the Eastern Orthodox Church Other factors are the number of people receiving Communion and the number and length of the chants and other singing.

For most of the second millennium, before the twentieth century brought changes beginning with Pope Pius X's encouragement of frequent Communion, the usual Mass was said exactly the same way whether people other than a server were present or not. Saint Pius X ( Latin: Pius PP X) ( June 2, 1835 &mdash August 20, 1914) born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, was the No homily was given,[17] and most often only the priest himself received Communion. [18] Moral theologians gave their opinions on how much time the priest should dedicate to celebrating a Mass, a matter on which canon law and the Roman Missal were silent. One said that an hour should not be considered too long. Several others that, in order to avoid tedium, Mass should last no more than half an hour; and in order to be said with due reverence, it should last no less than twenty minutes. Another theologian, who gave half an hour as the minimum time, considered that Mass could not be said in less than a quarter of an hour, an opinion supported by others, including Saint Alphonsus Liguori, who said that any priest who finished Mass in less than that time could scarcely be excused from mortal sin. Saint Alphonsus Liguori ( September 27, 1696 &ndash August 1, 1787) was a Roman Catholic Bishop, spiritual [19]

Special Masses

Ritual Masses

A Mass celebrated in connection with a particular rite, such as an ordination, a wedding or a profession of religious vows, may use texts provided in the "Ritual Masses" section of the Roman Missal. The rite in question is, most often, a sacrament, but the section has special texts not only for Masses within which Baptism, Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick, Orders, and Holy Matrimony are celebrated, but also for Masses with religious profession, the dedication of a church, and several other rites. Confession (Penance or Reconciliation) is the only sacrament not celebrated which a Eucharistic framework and for which therefore no Ritual Mass is provided.

The Ritual Mass texts may not be used, except perhaps partially, when the rite is celebrated during especially important liturgical seasons or on high ranking feasts.

A Nuptial Mass [2] is a Ritual Mass within which the sacrament of Holy Matrimony is celebrated. If one of a couple being married in a Catholic church is not a Catholic, the rite of Holy Matrimony outside Mass is to be followed. However, if the non-Catholic has been baptized in the name of all three Persons of the Trinity (and not only in the name of, say, Jesus, as is the baptismal practice in some branches of Christianity), then, in exceptional cases and provided the bishop of the diocese gives permission, it may be considered suitable to celebrate the marriage within Mass, except that, according to the general law, Communion is not given to the non-Catholic (Rite of Marriage, 8). SSC RF "Troitsk Institute of Innovative and Termonuclear Research" or TRINITY for shprt Троицкий Институт инновационных и термоядерных

Mass in Anglicanism

See also: Anglican Eucharistic theology

"Mass" is one of many terms used to describe the Eucharist in the Anglican tradition, the others being "Holy Communion," "Holy Eucharist," or "the Lord's Supper. Anglican Eucharistic theology is divergent in practice reflecting the essential comprehensiveness of the tradition " In the English-speaking Anglican world, the term used frequently connotes the Eucharistic theology of the one using it. Eucharistic theology is a branch of Christian Theology which treats of Doctrines concerning the Holy Eucharist. "Mass" is considered an Anglo-Catholic term, "Holy Communion" is now associated with evangelical or low church Anglicans, while the great majority of Anglicans prefer the terms "Holy Eucharist" as the oldest term which actually describes most accurately what the service is, the Sacrifice of Praise and Thanksgiving. The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism (or sometimes possibly incorrectly High Church &mdashsee below describe people Low church is a term of distinction in the Church of England or other Anglican churches initially designed to be pejorative

Structure of the rite

The liturgy of the Mass is typically derived from the Anglican prayer books authorised by the national churches of the Communion. The structure of the liturgy, crafted in the tradition of the Elizabethan Settlement, allows for a variety of theological interpretations, and generally follows the same rough shape. The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was Elizabeth I ’s response to the religious divisions created over the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary Some or all of the following elements may be altered or absent depending on the rite, the liturgical season and use of the province or national church:

The liturgy is divided into two parts: The Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist, but the entire liturgy itself is also properly referred to as the Holy Eucharist. The parts and sequence of the liturgy are almost identical to the Roman Rite, except the Confession of Sin and Peace end the Liturgy of the Word in the Anglican Rites, while in the Roman Rite the Confession is near the beginning of the service and the Peace is exchanged placed after the Eucharistic Prayer. The liturgical rite of the Church of Rome is called the Roman Rite. Some Anglo-Catholic parishes, especially in the Church of England, use the present-day Ordinary Form of the Roman Rite for celebrating Mass. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican This article is about the post-Vatican-II changes to the Mass for an explanation of the current structure of the Mass see Mass (Catholic Church. The liturgical rite of the Church of Rome is called the Roman Rite.

Special masses

The Anglican tradition includes separate rites for nuptial masses, funeral masses, and votive masses. The Eucharist is an integral part of many other sacramental services, including ordination and Confirmation. In general religious use ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is set apart as Clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies Confirmation is a Rite of initiation in many Christian Churches normally in the form of Laying on of hands and/or Anointing for

Ceremonial

see also Anglican Eucharistic theology

A few Anglo-Catholic parishes use Anglican versions of the Tridentine Missal, such as the English Missal, The Anglican Missal, or American Missal, for the celebration of mass, all of which are intended primarily for the celebration of the Eucharist. Anglican Eucharistic theology is divergent in practice reflecting the essential comprehensiveness of the tradition The terms Anglo-Catholic and Anglo-Catholicism (or sometimes possibly incorrectly High Church &mdashsee below describe people The English Missal is a Missal first published by W Knott & Son Limited in 1912 as a Missal to be used by some of the more 'liturgically advanced' Anglo-Catholic The Anglican Missal is a Liturgical book often used at Mass by Anglo-Catholics and other High Church Anglicans instead of the Book The Anglican Missal is a Liturgical book often used at Mass by Anglo-Catholics and other High Church Anglicans instead of the Book Many Anglo-Catholic parishes in the Church of England use the Mass of Paul VI or A Manual of Anglo-Catholic Devotion (successor to the earlier A Manual of Catholic Devotion). The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican In the Episcopal Church USA, a traditional-language, Anglo-Catholic adaptation of the 1979 Book of Common Prayer has been published (An Anglican Service Book). The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. [3] All of these books contain such features as meditations for the presiding celebrant(s) during the liturgy, and other material such as the rite for the blessing of palms on Palm Sunday, propers for special feast days, and instructions for proper ceremonial order. The Proper (Latin proprium) is a part of the Christian liturgy that varies according to the date either representing an observance within the Liturgical Year These books are used as a more expansively Catholic context in which to celebrate the liturgical use found in the Book of Common Prayer and related liturgical books. As a Christian Ecclesiastical term Catholic —from the Greek adjective, meaning "general" or "universal"—is described The Book of Common Prayer is the common title of a number of prayer books of the Church of England and used throughout the Anglican Communion. These are supplemented by books specifying ceremonial actions, such as A Priest's Handbook by David Michno, Ceremonies of the Eucharist, by Howard E. Galley, and Ritual Notes by E. C. R. Lamburn. Other guides to ceremonial include the General Instruction of the Roman Missal, Ceremonies of the Modern Roman Rite (Peter Elliott), Ceremonies of the Roman Rite Described (Adrian Fortescue), and The Parson's Handbook (Percy Dearmer). The General Instruction of the Roman Missal (GIRM—in the Latin original Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani (IGMR—is the detailed document governing the celebration The Parson's Handbook is a book by Percy Dearmer, first published in 1899 that was fundamental to the development of Liturgy in the Church of The Reverend Percy Dearmer MA (Oxon DD, ( February 27, 1867 &ndash May 29, 1936) was an English priest and liturgist

Lutheranism

In the Book of Concord, Article XXIV ("Of the Mass") of the Augsburg Confession (1530) begins thus: "Falsely are our churches accused of abolishing the Mass; for the Mass is retained among us, and celebrated with the highest reverence. The Book of Concord or Concordia (1580 is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal The Augsburg Confession, also known as the "Augustana" from its Latin name Confessio Augustana is the primary confession of faith of the Lutheran We do not abolish the Mass but religiously keep and defend it . . . we keep the traditional liturgical form ' ' ' In our churches Mass is celebrated every Sunday and on other holy days, when the sacrament is offered to those who wish for it after they have been examined and absolved (Article XXIV)".

While Martin Luther rejected parts of the Roman Rite Catholic Mass (specifically the Canon of the Mass) as not conforming to the Bible, he replaced it with a revised rite, Formula Missae in Latin and later with the venacular Deutsche Messe. Martin Luther (November 10 1483 February 18 1546 was a German Monk, theologian, university professor Father of Protestantism, and church reformer Canon of the Mass ( Latin: Canon Missæ, Canon Actionis) is the name given in the Roman Missal, from the first typical edition of Pope Pius Etymology According to the Online Etymology Dictionary, the word bible is from Latin biblia, traced from the same word through Medieval Latin and Late Latin Deutsche Messe, or The German Mass, ( Deutsche Messe und Ordnung des Gottesdiensts) was published by Martin Luther in 1526. His argument was based on Hebrews 7:27, which contrasts the Old Testament priests who needed to make a sacrifice for sins on a regular basis with the single priest Christ who only offers his body once as a sacrifice, and also on Hebrews 9:26, 9:28, and 10:10.

Most Lutherans outside the United States refer to their corresponding service as the Mass, but in the United States they usually call it the Holy Communion, Divine Service, the Lord's Supper or Holy Eucharist. Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther

References

  1. ^ Missa here is a Late Latin substantive corresponding to the word missio in classical Latin (The Liturgy of the Mass in Catholic Encyclopedia). The Catholic Encyclopedia, also referred to today as the Old Catholic Encyclopedia, is an English-language Encyclopedia published by The Encyclopedia "In antiquity, missa simply meant 'dismissal'. In Christian usage, however, it gradually took on a deeper meaning. The word 'dismissal' has come to imply a 'mission'. These few words succinctly express the missionary nature of the Church" (Pope Benedict XVI, Sacramentum caritatis, 51).
  2. ^ Council of Trent, Session 22, Chapter I
  3. ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1374-1376
  4. ^ "The Missal published by Paul VI and then republished in two subsequent editions by John Paul II, obviously is and continues to be the normal Form – the Forma ordinaria – of the Eucharistic Liturgy" (Letter of Pope Benedict to the Bishops, 7 July 2007, paragraph 5
  5. ^ General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 44
  6. ^ General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 122
  7. ^ "It is praiseworthy for the bread and wine to be presented by the people" (GIRM, 73). Events 1456 - A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her death The General Instruction of the Roman Missal (GIRM—in the Latin original Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani (IGMR—is the detailed document governing the celebration
  8. ^ GIRM, 76
  9. ^ GIRM, 78
  10. ^ "They should kneel at the consecration, except when prevented on occasion by reasons of health, lack of space, the large number of people present, or some other good reason. Those who do not kneel ought to make a profound bow when the priest genuflects after the consecration" (General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 43).
  11. ^ General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 79c
  12. ^ Luke 22:19; 1 Corinthians 11:24-25
  13. ^ GIRM, 160
  14. ^ GIRM, 160
  15. ^ GIRM, 287
  16. ^ " Each Sunday and Solemnity (major celebration) begins on the evening of the day before with Evening Prayer I (First Vespers)" (The Liturgical Calendar and the Liturgy of the Hours); cf. What Time for Anticipated Masses?
  17. ^ Preaching was generally done outside Mass. The Ritus servandus in celebratione Missae of the Tridentine Missal mentions preaching at Mass only in connection with Solemn Mass (in section VI, 60) and only as a possibility. Solemn Mass (missa solemnis or Solemn High Mass or simply High Mass is - when these terms are used in a technical sense not merely as a description - the full ceremonial (An English translation, under the mistaken title of "The Rubrics of the Missale Romanum 1962" is available here. )
  18. ^ Gerald Ellard, S.J., Ph.D.: Christian Life and Worship, chapter XI
  19. ^ St Alphonus Liguori: Sacerdos Sanctificatus. Discourses on the Mass and Office. Translated by Rev. James Jones. London 1846 pages 30-33

See also

External links

Roman Catholic doctrine

Present form of the Roman rite of the Mass

Tridentine form of the Roman rite of the Mass

(For links on Post-Tridentine vs. "Tridentine" controversy, see Mass of Paul VI)

Anglican Doctrine and practice

Lutheran doctrine

 v • d • e 

Gregorian chants of the Roman Mass

Ordinary:
Proper:
Accentus:

  

Kyrie | Gloria | Credo | Sanctus | Agnus Dei | Ite missa est or Benedicamus Domino
Introit | Gradual | Alleluia or Tract | Sequence | Offertory | Communion
Collect | Epistle | Gospel | Secret | Preface | Canon | Postcommunion
This article is about the post-Vatican-II changes to the Mass for an explanation of the current structure of the Mass see Mass (Catholic Church. History Gregorian chant was organized codified and notated mainly in the Frankish lands of western and central Europe during the 12th and 13th centuries with later additions The liturgical rite of the Church of Rome is called the Roman Rite. The Ordinary of the Mass ( Latin: Ordo Missae) is the set of texts of the Roman Catholic Church Latin Rite Mass that are generally The Proper (Latin proprium) is a part of the Christian liturgy that varies according to the date either representing an observance within the Liturgical Year Accentus Ecclesiasticus is a Church music term the counterpart of concentus, indicating those parts sung solo by a clergyman Kýrie is from the Greek word κύριε (kyrie the Vocative case of κύριος (kyrios meaning O Lord. " Gloria in excelsis Deo " ( Latin for "Glory to God in the highest" is the title and beginning of a hymn known also as the Greater Doxology The credo ( Latin for "I Believe" ˈkɾeːd̪oː is a statement of Religious belief, such as the Nicene Creed (or less often another creed Sanctus is the Latin word for holy or saint and is the name of an important Hymn of Christian Liturgy. Agnus Dei is a Latin term meaning Lamb of God, and was originally used to refer to Jesus Christ in his role of the perfect sacrificial Ite missa est are the concluding words addressed to the people in the Mass of the Roman Rite. Benedicamus Domino ( Latin for "Let us bless the Lord" is a closing salutation used in the Roman Mass instead of the Ite missa est in Masses which The Introit ( Latin: introitus, "entrance" is part of the opening of the celebration of the Roman Catholic Mass and the Lutheran The Gradual ( Latin: graduale, sometimes called the Grail) is a chant in the extraordinary form of the Roman Catholic Mass The Alleluia is chanted before the Gospel lesson in the Eucharistic Liturgies of the various Christian liturgical rites. The tract ( Latin: tractus) is part of the proper of the Roman Mass, which is used instead of the Alleluia during Lenten or pre-Lenten This article is about Latin poems and songs For the Early music group see Sequentia (music group. Offertory (from the Ecclesiastical Latin offertorium, French offertoire, a place to which offerings were brought the Alms The Communion is the Gregorian chant sung during the distribution of the Eucharist in the Roman Rite Catholic Mass. In Christian Liturgy, a collect kol-ekt' is both a liturgical action and a short general Prayer. An epistle (pronounced) ( Greek επιστολη epistolē "letter" is a writing directed or sent to a person or group of persons usually a letter The Gospel in Christian liturgy refers to a reading from the Gospels used during various religious services and Mass or Divine Liturgy The Secret ( Latin: Secreta, oratio secreta) is the prayer said in a low voice by the celebrant at the end of the Offertory in the Mass In liturgical use the term Preface is applied to that portion of the Eucharistic Prayer that immediately precedes the Canon or central portion of the Eucharist Canon of the Mass ( Latin: Canon Missæ, Canon Actionis) is the name given in the Roman Missal, from the first typical edition of Pope Pius Postcommunion ( Latin: Postcommunio) is the text said or sung on a Reciting tone following the Communion of the Mass
© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
 Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic