| Maschinengewehr 08 | |
|---|---|
 MG08 with optical sight. |
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| Type | heavy machine gun |
| Place of origin |  German Empire |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1908-1942 |
| Wars | World War I, World War II |
| Production history | |
| Manufacturer | Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken |
| Variants | MG08/15, lMG08/15, LMG08/15 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 62 kg (136. A heavy machine gun refers to either a larger-caliber high-power Machine gun or one of the smaller medium-caliber (rifle caliber machine guns meant for prolonged firing from The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including 7 lb) |
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| Cartridge | 7.92x57mm Mauser |
| Rate of fire | 400 rounds/min |
| Muzzle velocity | 900 m/s (2953 ft/s) |
| Effective range | 2200 yards |
| Maximum range | 4000 yards |
| Feed system | 250-round fabric belt |
The Maschinengewehr 08, or MG08, was the German Army's standard machine gun in World War I and is an almost direct copy of Hiram S. Maxim's original 1884 Maxim Gun. A cartridge (also known as a "round" packages the Bullet, Gunpowder and primer into a single metallic case precisely made to fit the The 792x57mm cartridge was designed by the German Gewehr-Prüfungskommission (G Rate of fire is the frequency at which a specific Weapon can fire or launch its projectiles A gun's muzzle velocity is the speed at which the Projectile leaves the muzzle of the gun The German Army (Deutsches Heer heɐ) is the land component of the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany. For other uses of the phrase see Machine Gun (disambiguation. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim ( February 5, 1840 &ndash November 24, 1916) was an American born Inventor who emigrated to Year 1884 ( MDCCCLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year The Maxim gun was the first self-powered Machine gun, invented by the American-born Briton Sir Hiram Maxim in 1884 It was produced in a number of variants during the war. The MG08 remained in service until the outbreak of the Second World War due to a shortage of its successor, the MG34. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Maschinengewehr 34, or MG34, was a German Machine gun that was first produced and accepted for service in 1934, and first issued to units It was retired from front-line service by 1942. Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
The Maschinengewehr 08 (or MG08)—so-named after 1908, its year of adoption—was a development of the license made Maschinengewehr 01. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year It could reach a firing rate of up to 400 rounds per minute using 250-round fabric belts of 7. 92 mm ammunition, although sustained firing would lead to over-heating; it was water-cooled using a jacket around the barrel that held approximately one gallon. Water cooling is a method of Heat removal from components As opposed to Air cooling, Water is used as the heat transmitter A gallon is a measure of Volume. It is in current use in the United States and still has limited use in many other English-speaking countries
The MG08, like the Maxim Gun, operated on the basis of a toggle lock; once cocked and fired the MG08 would continue firing rounds until the trigger was released. Its practical range was estimated at some 2,200 yards up to an extreme range of 4,000 yards. The MG08 was mounted on a tripod (Schlitten) that was ferried between locations either on carts or else carried above men's shoulders in the manner of a stretcher.
Pre-war production was by Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken (DWM) in Berlin and the government arsenal at Spandau (so that the gun was often referred to as a Spandau MG08). Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken Aktien-Gesellschaft (German Weapons and Munitions Works known as DWM, was an arms company in Imperial Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. An arsenal is an establishment for the construction repair storage and issue of Weapons and Ammunition. For the Spandau machine gun see Maschinengewehr 08. For the 1980s New Romantic group see Spandau Ballet. When the war began in August 1914, approximately 12,000 MG08s were available to battlefield units; production, at numerous factories, was however markedly ramped up during wartime. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year In 1914 some 200 MG08s were produced each month; by 1916 — once the weapon had established itself as the pre-eminent defensive battlefield weapon — the number had increased to 3,000; and a year later to 14,400 per month. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year
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MG08/15
A revised version of the MG08 was produced in 1915 — the MG08/15 — which featured a bipod rather than the tripod mount plus a pistol grip. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (German "Aufstand im Warschauer Ghetto", Polish "Powstanie w getcie warszawskim") was the Jewish Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year A bipod is a support device that is similar to a Tripod or Monopod, but with two legs At 18 kg, it was lighter and less cumbersome and was intended to demonstrate better mobility on the battlefield; it nevertheless remained a bulky weapon which was chiefly used for defensive purposes. It was, however, put to some use as an aircraft weapon.
The designation lives on as an idiom in the German language, 08/15 (Null-acht-fünfzehn) being used like an adjective to denote something 'standardized', unremarkable or generic. An idiom is a Phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal Definition, but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only In Grammar, an adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a Noun or Pronoun, giving more information about the
Later versions
A lightened air-cooled version, the lMG08/15, (with a lower case 'L', not an upper case "i"), was developed as a fixed aircraft weapon and was used on the Fokker Eindecker as early as the autumn of 1915. Lower case (also lower-case or lowercase) minuscule, or small letters are the smaller form of letters as opposed to upper Capital letters or majuscules pronunciation /məˈdʒʌskyuls ˈmædʒəˌskyuls/ in the Roman alphabet A, B, C, D, The Fokker Eindecker was a German First World War Monoplane single-seat Fighter aircraft designed by Dutch engineer Anthony Fokker Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year This version eliminated the stock, grip, and bipod and perforated the water jacket to allow the air flowing around the aircraft to provide cooling. Early examples of this gun had a design flaw in that too much of the jacket had been slotted, resulting in firearms that could fall apart while being fired in aerial combat, which resulted in a revised cooling jacket having somewhat less slotting that did not run all the way fore and aft on the jacket. Its fully rectangular receiver, as seen from the side, distinguishes it from the later, and more robust version, the LMG08/15, which had a notably lightened receiver, trimmed down on both upper and lower surfaces, which quickly superseded it. The capital "L" on the later version is variously described as standing for leicht (light), luft (air), or luftgekühlt (air cooled). Also see Maxim Tokarev. The Maxim-Tokarev was a Russian Light machine gun based on the Maxim M1910.
In 1918 an air-cooled and more mobile model — the MG08/18, weighing 15 kg — entered into production. Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common It was intended for forward use by advancing infantrymen, that is to say as an offensive rather than a solely defensive weapon. Despite its debilitating weight, which rendered it unsuitable for offensive operations, these proved of most use in covering the German Army's withdrawal during the latter half of 1918.
See also
References
- Goldsmith, Dolf L. The Kjellman LMG was a Machinegun produced in Sweden It is notable in being one of the first fully automatic weapons ever conceived (if not produced and one of the first The Maschinengewehr Patent Schwarzlose M07/12 was a medium machine-gun, and was a standard issue firearm in the Austro-Hungarian army throughout World The Vickers machine gun or Vickers gun is a name primarily used to refer to the water-cooled. The Browning Model 1917 Machine Gun is a Heavy machine gun used by the United States armed forces in World War I World War II Korea, and to a limited (1989). The Devil's Paintbrush: Sir Hiram Maxim's Gun. Collector Grade Publications. ISBN 0-88935-282-8.
External links
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