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Masakazu Kawabe
5 December 1886 - 2 March 1965

General Masakazu Kawabe
Place of birth Toyama prefecture, Japan
Allegiance Empire of Japan
Service/branch Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service 1907 -1945
Rank General
Commands held North China Area Army, Central China Expeditionary Army, Inspector-General of Military Training, IJA 12th Division, Burma Area Army, Central District Army
Battles/wars Second Sino-Japanese War
World War II
In this Japanese name, the family name is Kawabe. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region on Honshū For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The Empire of Japan ( {{unicode|Kyūjitai}}: ja 大日本帝國 Shinjitai: ja 大日本帝国 pronounced Dai Nippon Teikoku The Imperial Japanese Army ( IJA) ( Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國陸軍 Shinjitai: ja 大日本帝国陸軍 Romaji: Dai-Nippon Teikoku The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including in modern times usually consist of a Family name ( Surname) followed by a Given name. A family name or last name is a type of Surname and part of a person's name indicating the family to which the person belongs

Masakazu Kawabe (河辺正三 Kawabe Masakazu?, 5 December 1886 - 2 March 1965) was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1886 ( MDCCCLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 986 - Louis V becomes King of the Franks. 1127 - Assassination of Charles the Good Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. The Imperial Japanese Army ( IJA) ( Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國陸軍 Shinjitai: ja 大日本帝国陸軍 Romaji: Dai-Nippon Teikoku He held important commands in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and during World War II in the Burma Campaign and defense of the Japanese homeland late in the war. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Burma Campaign in the South-East Asian Theatre of World War II was fought primarily between British Commonwealth, Chinese and United He was also the elder brother of General Torashiro Kawabe. was a general and Deputy Chief of Staff of the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff during World War II.

Contents

Biography

Early career

A native of Toyama prefecture, Kawabe graduated from the 19th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1907 and the 27th class of the Army Staff College in 1915. WikipediaWikiProject Japanese prefectures for guidelines --> is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region on Honshū The was the principal officer's training school for the Imperial Japanese Army. This article deals with the Empire of Japan's Army War College From 1927 – 1929, he served as an instructor at the War College. He was then assigned as a military attaché to Switzerland from 1918-1921 and to Berlin, Germany from 1929-1932. A military attaché is a Military Expert who is part of a Diplomatic mission; this post is normally filled by a high-ranking officer Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Promoted to infantry colonel in 1932, he served in a number of staff assignments on his return to Japan, before being assigned command of the IJA 6th Infantry Regiment from 1932 – 1933. The Infantry is the oldest and most numerous of the Combat Arms in the Armed forces, and consists Colonel ( RP ˈkɜnəl GA ˈkɜrnəl is a Military rank of a Commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every country [1]

Kawabe went on to be Commandant of the Infantry School from 1933-1934, and was Chief of 1st Section within the Inspectorate General of Military Training from 1934-1936. The was responsible for all non- Military aviation training of the Imperial Japanese Army. He was promoted to major general in 1936 as well. Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries

Second Sino-Japanese War

At the beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War Kawabe was sent to China to take command of the Permanent China Brigade, had been involved in the Marco Polo Bridge Incident. The Second Sino-Japanese War ( July 7, 1937 to September 9, 1945) was a major war fought between the Republic of China and the The Marco Polo Bridge Incident ( 盧溝橋事變; also known as 七七事變 七七盧溝橋事變 or the Lugouqiao Incident) was a Battle between As the war expanded he was made Deputy Chief of Staff of the North China Area Army from 26 August 1937 until 14 April 1938 when he became Chief of Staff Central China Expeditionary Army from 15 February 1938 – 31 January 1939. The chief of staff is the chief aide to the Commander of larger military Formations and Units It is sometimes the case that the chief of staff is more directly The was a Field army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Events 1071 - Battle of Manzikert: The Seljuk Turks defeat the Byzantine Army at Manzikert. Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The was a Field army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1938 ( MCMXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Kawabe was promoted to lieutenant general in March 1939. Lieutenant General is a Military rank used in many countries The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the During his time in China, he was involved in the Battle of Xuzhou, Northern and Eastern Honan, Battle of Wuhan, Canton Operation, Battle of Nanchang, Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang, Battle of Changsha (1939), and the 1939-40 Winter Offensive. The Battle of Xuzhou was fought between Japanese and Chinese forces in May of 1938 during Second Sino-Japanese War. During the Second Sino-Japanese War the Japanese 1st Army under Lt The Battle of Wuhan ( popularly known to Chinese as the Defense of Wuhan ( and to the Japanese as the Invasion of Wuhan ( Japanese The Canton Operation was part of a campaign by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War to blockade China to prevent it from communicating with the The Battle of Nanchang ( Traditional Chinese: 南昌會戰 Simplified Chinese: 南昌会战 was a major battle between the Chinese National Revolutionary The Battle of Suixian-Zaoyang ( also known as the Battle of Suizao was one of the 22 major engagements between the National Revolutionary Army and Imperial Battle of Changsha ( September 17, 1939 – October 6, 1939) was the first attempt by Japan to take the city of Changsha

From 12 September 1939 – 14 October 1940 Kawabe was recalled to Japan, and held the powerful post of Inspector-General of Military Training. Events 1213 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort 5th Earl of Leicester, defeats Peter II of Aragon at the Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1066 - Norman Conquest: Battle of Hastings - In England on Senlac Hill seven miles from Hastings, the forces Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The was responsible for all non- Military aviation training of the Imperial Japanese Army.

However, he returned to China as commander in chief of the IJA 12th Division in March 1940, serving under the Kwantung Army. A commander-in-chief is the Commander of a nation's Military forces or significant element of those forces The, also known as the Guandong Army ( 관동군 was an Army group of the Imperial Japanese Army in the early twentieth century Promoted to commander in chief of the IJA 3rd Army in March 1941, he subsequently was Chief of Staff of the China Expeditionary Army from 17 August 1942 to 18 March 1943. The was an Army group of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. Events 986 - A Byzantine army was destroyed in the pass of Trajan's Gate by the Bulgarians under the Comitopuli Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 37 - The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius ' will and proclaims Caligula emperor Year 1943 ( MCMXLIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Pacific War

In March 1943, Kawabe was transferred to the southern front as Commander in Chief of the Burma Area Army. The was a Field army of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Arriving in Burma he was convinced to support Renya Mutaguchi, commander of the 15th Army and an old comrade-in-arms, in his plans for a pre-emptive attack against British forces at Imphal. Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar ( pjìdàunzṵ mjàmmà nàinŋàndɔ̀ is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia. was a Japanese military officer Lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The was a army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the World War II. Preemptive war (or a preemptive strike) is waged in an attempt to repel or defeat a perceived inevitable offensive or Invasion, or to gain a strategic advantage in The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Imphal is the capital of the Indian state of Manipur. In the heart of the town and surrounded by a moat are ruins of the old Palace of Kangla The goal of this offensive would be to disrupt the Allied build-up in that area, and perhaps, if all went well, make way for an invasion of Assam and British India. The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers during the Second World War. Assam) ( Assamese: অসম Ôxôm) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British This plan was strongly opposed by most of Kawabe’s commanders as well as Masazumi Inada, Vice-Chief of Staff of the Southern Expeditionary Army based in Singapore. was a Lieutenant general in the Japanese Imperial Army during World War II. The was a Army group of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Singapore Especially the difficult supply situation was thought to be a major obstacle. However in October 1943, Inada was removed from his position due to of a diplomatic incident with Thailand and in December the plan was approved by General Hisaichi Terauchi and Prime Minister Hideki Tojo on the understanding the operation would be a purely defensive. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Count was a field marshal in the Imperial Japanese Army and Commander of the Southern Expeditionary Army Group during World War II. The is the usual English-language term used for the Head of government of Japan, although the literal translation of the Japanese name for the office is Prime [2]

Mutaguchi’s plan was a tremendous disaster of Japan, resulting in the highest casualties of any operation in the entire war, and the loss of Burma. During the later stages of this offensive, Kawabe was bedridden with amoebic dysentery. Dysentery (formerly known as flux or the bloody flux) is an infection of the digestive system that results in severe Diarrhea containing mucus and blood Kawabe was relieved by General Heitaro Kimura on 30 August 1944 and returned to Japan. was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. Biography Kimura was born in Saitama prefecture, north of Tokyo, but was raised in Hiroshima prefecture Events 1363 - Beginning date of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the forces of two Chinese rebel leaders— Chen Youliang and Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. <Hayashi, Kogun The Japanese Army in the Pacific War </ref>

Kawabe served for a short time on the Supreme War Council. The Supreme War Council ( Senso-shi-do) was established during the development of representative government in Meiji period Japan to further strengthen In the final stages of the war, experienced commanders were needed to organize the defenses of he Japanese home islands. Kawabe became Commander in Chief of the Central Army District on 1 December 1944, he also became Commander in Chief 15th Area Army from its formation on 1 February 1945 to 7 April 1945. Events 800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican Year 1944 ( MCMXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The was a Field army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the closing stages of World War II. Events 1327 - Teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Kawabe was promoted to full general in March 1945. On 8 April 1945 he took command of Air General Army, consisting of the remaining air units in Japan, Korea and Okinawa, for the final defense of Japan against the anticipated Allied invasion. Events 217 - Roman Emperor Caracalla is Assassinated (and succeeded by his Praetorian Year 1945 ( MCMXLV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar Korea is a geographic area composed of two sovereign countries a civilization and a former state situated on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. is one of Japan 's southern prefectures, and consists of hundreds of the Ryukyu Islands in a chain over 1000 km long which extends southwest from Kyūshū

After the surrender of Japan, Kawabe was retained by the SCAP occupation authoriries to assist with the demobilization of the Japanese military, replacing Doihara Kenji after the later was arrested and tried for war crimes. The surrender of Japan in August 1945 brought World War II to a close Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers ( SCAP) was the title held by General Douglas MacArthur during the Occupation of Japan following World War II Demob redirects here For the television series see Demob (TV series. was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II, and was instrumental in the planning of the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Kawabe retired at the end of 1945. [3]

Preceded by
Shōjirō Iida		 Japanese military commander in British Crown Colony of Burma
1943–1944		 Succeeded by
Heitarō Kimura

See also

References

Books

External links

Notes

  1. ^ Ammenthorp, The Generals of World War II
  2. ^ Budge, The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia
  3. ^ Fuller, Shokan Hirohito's Samurai
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