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Mary of Teck
Queen Consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, Empress of India (more...)
Consort 6 May 1910 – 20 January 1936
Coronation 22 June 1911
Consort to George V
Issue
Edward VIII
George VI
Mary, Princess Royal
Henry, Duke of Gloucester
George, Duke of Kent
Prince John
Full name
Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes
Titles and styles
HM Queen Mary
HM The Queen
HRH The Princess of Wales
HRH The Duchess of Cornwall and York
HRH The Duchess of York
HSH Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
Royal house House of Windsor
House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
House of Württemberg
Father Prince Francis of Teck
Mother Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
Born 26 May 1867(1867-05-26)
Kensington Palace, London
Baptised 27 July 1867
Kensington Palace, London
Died 24 March 1953 (aged 85)
Marlborough House, London
Burial 31 March 1953
St George's Chapel, Windsor

Mary of Teck (Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes; 26 May 1867 – 24 March 1953) was the Queen Consort of George V, and Empress of India. The precise style of British Sovereigns has varied over the years Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Princess Mary Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary Lascelles née Windsor 25 April 1897 &ndash 28 March The Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester (Henry William Frederick Albert 31 March 1900 – 10 June 1974 was a member of the British Royal Family, the third son of George V The Prince George Duke of Kent (George Edward Alexander Edmund 20 December 1902 - 25 August 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family The Prince John (John Charles Francis 12 July 1905 &ndash 18 January 1919 was a member of the British Royal Family, the youngest son of King George V and Queen A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. The House of Windsor is the current Royal House of the United Kingdom and each of the other Commonwealth realms The older part is a branch of the Saxe-Coburg Saxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in This is a list of the rulers of the German state of Württemberg, originally a county and eventually a kingdom until the ruling dynasty was overthrown Francis Duke of Teck (Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander 28 August 1837 &ndash 21 January 1900) was a member of the British Royal Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge (Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth 27 November 1833 &ndash 27 October 1897) was a member of the British Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Kensington Palace is a royal residence set in Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Kensington Palace is a royal residence set in Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about Marlborough House Westminster. For the property in Brighton, please see Marlborough House Brighton Marlborough London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Windsor (ˈwɪnzə/ /ˈwɪndzə is a suburban town and tourist destination in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning king. Emperor/Empress of India ( Badishah -e-Hind in Hindustani) was used as a Title by the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Before her husband's accession, she was successively Duchess of York, Duchess of Cornwall and Princess of Wales. Duchess of York is a title held by the wife of the Duke of York since the first Duke of York in 1384 The Duchess of Cornwall is the title held by the wife of the Duke of Cornwall. Princess of Wales is a Courtesy title held by the wife of the Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283 By birth, she was a princess of Teck, in the Kingdom of Württemberg, with the style Her Serene Highness. Princess is the feminine form of Prince (from Latin Princeps, meaning principal citizen Teck was a ducal castle in the kingdom of Württemberg, immediately to the north of the Swabian Jura and south of the town of Kirchheim unter The Kingdom of Württemberg (Königreich Württemberg was a state that existed from 1806 to 1918 and is currently located in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Serene Highness ( Acronym HSH) &ndash His Serene Highness or Her Serene Highness. To her family, she was informally known as May, after her birth month.

Her father, who was of German extraction, married into the British Royal Family, and "May" was born and brought up in the United Kingdom. The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located At the age of 24 she was betrothed to Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence, the heir to the British throne, but six weeks after the engagement was announced he unexpectedly died of pneumonia. Prince Albert Victor Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Albert Victor Christian Edward 8 January 1864 &ndash 14 January 1892 was a member of the British Royal Family. Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal The following year she became engaged to the new heir, Albert Victor's brother, George. As his Queen Consort from 1910, she supported her husband through World War I, his ill-health, and major political changes arising from the aftermath of the war and the rise of socialism and nationalism. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The fighting in World War I ended when an Armistice took effect at 1100 am GMT on November 11 1918 Socialism refers to a broad set of economic theories of social organization advocating state or collective ownership and administration of the Means of production and distribution The term nationalism can refer to an Ideology, a sentiment, a form of Culture, or a Social movement that focuses on the Nation After George's death in 1936, her eldest son Edward became King-Emperor, but to her dismay he abdicated the same year in order to marry twice-divorced American socialite Mrs. The Edward VIII abdication crisis occurred in the British Empire in 1936 when the desire of King-Emperor Edward VIII to marry his mistress Wallis The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A socialite is a person who is known to be a part of fashionable Society because of his or her regular participation in social activities and fondness for spending a significant Wallis Simpson. Wallis Duchess of Windsor (born Bessie Wallis Warfield, later Spencer, then Simpson; 19 June 1895 or 1896 &ndash 24 April 1986 was an American She supported her second son, Albert, who succeeded to the throne as George VI, until his death in 1952. She died the following year.

Queen Mary was known for setting the tone of the British Royal Family, as a model of regal formality and propriety, especially during state occasions. She was the first Queen Consort to attend the coronation of her successor. Noted for superbly bejewelling herself for formal events, she left a collection of jewels now considered priceless.

Contents

Early life

Princess Victoria Mary (May) of Teck was born on 26 May 1867 at Kensington Palace, London. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Kensington Palace is a royal residence set in Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Her father was Prince Francis, Duke of Teck, the son of Duke Alexander of Württemberg by his morganatic wife, Countess Claudine Rhédey von Kis-Rhéde (created Countess von Hohenstein in the Austrian Empire). Francis Duke of Teck (Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander 28 August 1837 &ndash 21 January 1900) was a member of the British Royal Duke Alexander of Württemberg ( 9 September 1804 &ndash 4 July 1885) was the father of Prince Francis of Teck and the grandfather A morganatic marriage is a type of Marriage which can be contracted in certain countries usually between people of unequal Social rank, which prevents the passage Duke Alexander of Württemberg ( 9 September 1804 &ndash 4 July 1885) was the father of Prince Francis of Teck and the grandfather For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. Her mother was Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, the third child and younger daughter of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, and Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel. Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge (Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth 27 November 1833 &ndash 27 October 1897) was a member of the British Prince Adolphus Duke of Cambridge (Adolphus Frederick 24 February 1774 &ndash 8 July 1850) was the tenth child and seventh son of George Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Cassel (Auguste Wilhelmine Luise von Hessen-Kassel 25 July 1797 &ndash 6 April 1889) was the She was baptised in the Chapel Royal of Kensington Palace on 27 July 1867 by Charles Thomas Longley, Archbishop of Canterbury, and her three godparents were Queen Victoria, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII, and May's father-in-law), and the Duchess of Cambridge. A Chapel Royal is a department of the Ecclesiastical Household of the monarch in right of each of the Commonwealth realms formally known as the royal Events 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: In France, Philip II of France defeats John of England. Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Charles Thomas Longley ( July 28 1794 &ndash October 27 1868) was a priest in the Church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the chief bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Cassel (Auguste Wilhelmine Luise von Hessen-Kassel 25 July 1797 &ndash 6 April 1889) was the [1]

She was the eldest of four children, the only girl, and "learned to exercise her native discretion, firmness and tact" by resolving her three younger brothers' petty boyhood squabbles. [2] They played with their cousins, the children of the Prince of Wales, who were similar in age. [3] May was educated at home by her mother and governess (as were her brothers until they were sent to boarding schools). [4] Her upbringing was "merry but fairly strict";[5] the Duchess of Teck spent an unusually long time with her children for a lady of her time and class,[5] and enlisted May in various charitable endeavours, which included visiting the tenements of the poor. [6]

Although her mother was a grandchild of George III, May was only a minor member of the British Royal Family. George III (George William Frederick 4 June 1738 George III's long reign was marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdom much of the rest of Europe and places The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. Her father, the Duke of Teck, had no inheritance or wealth, and carried the lower royal style of Serene Highness because his parents' marriage was morganatic. [7] However, the Duchess of Teck was granted a Parliamentary Annuity of £5,000 – in addition, she received about £4,000 a year from her mother, the Duchess of Cambridge. The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative body in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories An annuity contract is a Financial product typically offered by a Financial institution, that may accumulate value and take a current value and pay it out over The Pound Sterling ( symbol £; ISO code: GBP) subdivided into 100 pence (singular penny) is the Currency Princess and Landgravine Augusta of Hesse-Cassel (Auguste Wilhelmine Luise von Hessen-Kassel 25 July 1797 &ndash 6 April 1889) was the [8] Despite this, the family was deeply in debt and lived abroad from 1883, in order to economise. [9] The Tecks travelled throughout Europe, visiting their various relatives and staying in Florence, Italy for a time. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest There, May enjoyed visiting the art galleries, churches, and museums. An art gallery or art museum is a space for the exhibition of art, usually Visual art. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the [10]

In 1885, the Tecks returned to London, and took up residence at White Lodge, in Richmond Park. White Lodge is a Georgian house situated in Richmond Park, on the south-western outskirts of London. Richmond Park is a 955 hectare (2360 acre urban park near central London UK May was close to her mother, and acted as an unofficial secretary, helping to organise parties and social events. She was also close to her aunt, the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (née Princess Augusta of Cambridge), and wrote to her every week. Princess Augusta of Cambridge ( 19 July 1822 – 5 December 1916) was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of During World War I, the Crown Princess of Sweden helped pass letters from May to her aunt, who lived in enemy territory in Germany, until Augusta's death in 1916. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Princess Margaret of Connaught (Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah later Crown Princess of Sweden; 15 January 1882 &ndash 1 May The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification [11]

Engagements

In December 1891, May was engaged to her second cousin, once-removed, Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales. cousin in Kinship terminology is a relative with whom one shares a common Ancestor, but in modern usage the term is rarely used when referring to a Prince Albert Victor Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Albert Victor Christian Edward 8 January 1864 &ndash 14 January 1892 was a member of the British Royal Family. [12] The choice of May as bride for the Duke owed much to Queen Victoria's fondness for her, as well as to her strong character and sense of duty. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland However, the Duke of Clarence and Avondale died six weeks later, in the worldwide influenza pandemic which swept through Britain in the winter of 1891–2. Note For information about the content tone and sourcing of this article please see the tags at the bottom of this page [13]

Princess Victoria Mary of Teck shortly before her marriage to the Duke of York in 1893
Princess Victoria Mary of Teck shortly before her marriage to the Duke of York in 1893

Despite this setback, Queen Victoria still favoured May as a suitable candidate to marry a future king; and Albert Victor's brother, Prince George, Duke of York, now second in line to the throne, evidently became close to May during their shared period of mourning. [14] In May 1893, George duly proposed; May accepted, and they were soon deeply in love. Their marriage was a success. George wrote to May every day they were apart and, unlike his father, never took a mistress. [15]

Duchess of York

May married Prince George, Duke of York, on 6 July 1893 at the Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, in London. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A Chapel Royal is a department of the Ecclesiastical Household of the monarch in right of each of the Commonwealth realms formally known as the royal St James's Palace is one of London's oldest Palaces It is situated on Pall Mall in London, just north of St [16] The new Duke and Duchess of York lived in York Cottage, a small house on the Sandringham Estate in Norfolk; they also had apartments in St. Sandringham House is a Country house on of land near the village of Sandringham in Norfolk, England, which is privately owned by the British Norfolk (ˈnɔrfək is a low-lying county in East Anglia, England, United Kingdom. James's Palace. York Cottage was a modest house for royalty, but it was a favourite of George's, who liked a relatively simple life. [17] They had six children: Edward, Albert, Mary, Henry, George, and John. The Princess Mary Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary Lascelles née Windsor 25 April 1897 &ndash 28 March The Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester (Henry William Frederick Albert 31 March 1900 – 10 June 1974 was a member of the British Royal Family, the third son of George V The Prince George Duke of Kent (George Edward Alexander Edmund 20 December 1902 - 25 August 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family The Prince John (John Charles Francis 12 July 1905 &ndash 18 January 1919 was a member of the British Royal Family, the youngest son of King George V and Queen

The Duchess was devoted to her children, but she put them in the care of a nanny, as was usual for upper-class families at the time. The first nanny was dismissed for insolence and the second for abusing the children. The nanny would pinch Edward before he was presented to the Duke and Duchess, deliberately making him cry, so that he would be returned to her speedily. She was replaced by her effective and much-loved assistant, Mrs. Bill. [18]

History remembers Queen Mary as perhaps a distant mother. At first, she failed to notice the nanny's abuse of the young Princes Edward and Albert,[19] and her youngest son, Prince John, was housed in a private farm on the Sandringham Estate, in the care of Mrs. Bill, perhaps to hide his epilepsy from the public. Epilepsy is a common chronic Neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. However, despite her austere public image and her strait-laced private life, Mary was a caring mother in many respects, revealing a fun-loving and frivolous side to her children and teaching them history and music. Edward wrote fondly of his mother in his memoirs: "Her soft voice, her cultivated mind, the cosy room overflowing with personal treasures were all inseparable ingredients of the happiness associated with this last hour of a child's day…Such was my mother's pride in her children that everything that happened to each one was of the utmost importance to her. With the birth of each new child, Mama started an album in which she painstakingly recorded each progressive stage of our childhood". [20] He expressed a less charitable view in private letters to his wife after his mother's death: "My sadness was mixed with incredulity that any mother could have been so hard and cruel towards her eldest son for so many years and yet so demanding at the end without relenting a scrap. I'm afraid the fluids in her veins have always been as icy cold as they are now in death. "[21]

Princess Victoria Mary, The Duchess of Cornwall and York. Ottawa, 1901
Princess Victoria Mary, The Duchess of Cornwall and York. Ottawa, 1901

As Duke and Duchess of York, George and May carried out a variety of public duties. In 1897, she became the Patron of the London Needlework Guild in succession to her mother. Queen Mary's Clothing Guild is a British charity which distributes clothing and household Linen to other charities in the British Isles. The Guild, initially established as The London Guild in 1882, was renamed several times, eventually taking the name of its Patron in 1914. [22] On 22 January 1901, Queen Victoria died, and the Duchess of York's father-in-law, Albert Edward, ascended the throne as Edward VII. Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Duchess of York is a title held by the wife of the Duke of York since the first Duke of York in 1384 For most of the rest of that year, George and May were styled TRH The Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York. For eight months they toured the British Empire, visiting Gibraltar, Malta, Egypt, Ceylon, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Mauritius, South Africa and Canada. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Gibraltar (dʒɨˈbrɒltər is a British overseas territory located near the southernmost tip of the Iberian Peninsula overlooking the Strait of Gibraltar Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island Singapore For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Zealand is an Island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island Mauritius (pronounced məˈrɪʃəs L’île Maurice /il mɔ'ʁis/ Mauritian Creole: Maurice) officially the Republic of Mauritius, République The Republic of South Africa (also known by other official names) is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page No royal had undertaken such an ambitious tour before. The Duchess broke down in tears at the thought of leaving her children, who were to be left in the care of their grandparents, for such a lengthy period of time. [23] In May 1901, representing King Edward VII, the couple opened the first session of the Australian Parliament in Melbourne, shortly after the Commonwealth of Australia came into being on 1 January 1901. The Parliament of Australia or Commonwealth Parliament is the legislative branch of government of Australia. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting

Princess of Wales

The Princess of Wales at the Coronation Ceremony, 1902
The Princess of Wales at the Coronation Ceremony, 1902

On 9 November 1901, nine days after arriving back in Britain and on the King's sixtieth birthday, George was created Prince of Wales. Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Prince of Wales (Tywysog Cymru is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom The family moved their London residence from St James's Palace to Marlborough House. This article is about Marlborough House Westminster. For the property in Brighton, please see Marlborough House Brighton Marlborough As Princess of Wales, May accompanied her husband on trips to Austria-Hungary and Württemberg in 1904. The Kingdom of Württemberg (Königreich Württemberg was a state that existed from 1806 to 1918 and is currently located in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The following year, she gave birth to her last child, John. It was a difficult labour, and although May recovered quickly, her newborn son suffered respiratory problems. [24]

From October 1905 the Prince and Princess of Wales undertook another eight month tour, this time of India, and the children were once again left in the care of their grandparents. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country [25] They passed through Egypt both ways and on the way back stopped in Greece. This article is about the country of Egypt For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Egypt topics. Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία The tour was almost immediately followed by a trip to Spain for the wedding of King Alfonso XIII to Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, at which the bride and groom narrowly avoided assassination. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Reign Although Alfonso's reign would not end well it began well Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena 24 October 1887 - 15 April 1969) was Queen consort of King Alfonso [26] Only a week after returning to Britain, May and George went to Norway for the coronation of King Haakon VII and Queen Maud (George's sister). Norway ( Norwegian: Norge ( Bokmål) or Noreg ( Nynorsk) officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Constitutional Haakon VII (Prince Carl of Denmark born Christian Frederik Carl Georg Valdemar Axel) (3 August 1872 in Charlottenlund 21 September 1957 in Oslo) Maud of Wales (Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria 26 November 1869 &ndash 20 November 1938) was Queen of Norway as spouse of King

Queen Consort

King George V and Queen Mary
King George V and Queen Mary

On 6 May 1910, Edward VII died. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting The Prince of Wales ascended the throne as George V, and May became Queen Consort of the United Kingdom. When her husband asked her to drop one of her two official names, Victoria Mary, she chose to be called Mary, preferring not to take the name of her husband's grandmother, Queen Victoria. Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland [27] Queen Mary was crowned with the King on 22 June 1911 at Westminster Abbey. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to by its original name of Westminster Abbey, is a large mainly Gothic church Later in the year, the new King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar held on 12 December 1911, and toured the sub-continent as Emperor and Empress of India, returning to Britain in February. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country The Delhi Durbar, meaning " Court of Delhi " was a mass assembly at Delhi India to commemorate the Coronation of a King Events 627 - Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II 's Persian Year 1911 ( MCMXI) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year [28] Both Queen Mary College, Lahore, Pakistan, and Queen Mary's School, New Delhi, India, were established after her India visit. ( lahor is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and is the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and

The beginning of Mary's period as consort brought her into conflict with the Dowager Queen Alexandra. Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Carolina Marie Charlotte Louise Julia 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925 was Queen Consort to Edward VII of the United Kingdom Although the two were on friendly terms, Alexandra could be stubborn; she demanded precedence over Mary at the funeral of Edward VII, was slow in leaving Buckingham Palace, and kept some of the royal jewels that should have been passed to the new queen. [29]

During World War I, Queen Mary instituted an austerity drive at Buckingham Palace, rationing food, and visiting wounded and dying servicemen in hospital, which she found a great emotional strain. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. [30] After three years of war against Germany, and with anti-German feeling in Britain running high, the Russian Imperial Family, which had been deposed by a revolutionary government, was refused asylum, possibly in part because the Tsar's wife was German-born. The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification The House of Romanov (Рома́нов rʌˈmanəf was the second and last imperial Dynasty of Russia, which ruled the country from 1613 to 1917 [31] News of the Tsar's abdication provided a boost to those in Britain who wished to replace the monarchy with a republic. [32] After republicans used the couple's German heritage as an argument for reform, George abandoned his German titles and renamed the Royal House from the German "Saxe-Coburg-Gotha" to the British "Windsor". Saxe-Coburg and Gotha or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha served as the name of the two German duchies of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in The House of Windsor is the current Royal House of the United Kingdom and each of the other Commonwealth realms The older part is a branch of the Saxe-Coburg Other royals anglicised their names; the Battenbergs became the Mountbattens, for example. The Queen's relatives also abandoned their German titles, and adopted the British surname of Cambridge (derived from the Dukedom held by Queen Mary's British grandfather). The war ended in 1918 with the defeat of Germany and the abdication and exile of the Kaiser.

Teck-Cambridge Family

Francis, Duke of Teck
Children
   Mary of Teck
   Adolphus, Marquess of Cambridge
   Prince Francis of Teck
   Alexander, Earl of Athlone
Adolphus, Marquess of Cambridge
Children
   George, Marquess of Cambridge
   Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort
   Lady Helena Gibbs
   Lord Frederick Cambridge
Grandchildren
   Lady Mary Whitley
Alexander, Earl of Athlone
Children
   Lady May Abel Smith
   Rupert Cambridge, Viscount Trematon
   Maurice of Teck

Two months after the end of the war, Queen Mary's youngest son, John, died at age thirteen. Francis Duke of Teck (Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander 28 August 1837 &ndash 21 January 1900) was a member of the British Royal Adolphus Cambridge 1st Marquess of Cambridge, GCB, GCVO, CMG (Adolphus Charles Alexander Albert Edward George Philip Louis Ladislaus born Prince Prince Francis of Teck GCVO DSO ( 9 January 1870 – 22 October 1910) was a member of the British Royal Family Major-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge 1st Earl of Athlone KG GCB GCMG GCVO Adolphus Cambridge 1st Marquess of Cambridge, GCB, GCVO, CMG (Adolphus Charles Alexander Albert Edward George Philip Louis Ladislaus born Prince George Francis Hugh Cambridge 2nd Marquess of Cambridge, GCVO ( 11 October 1895 &ndash 16 April 1981) known as Prince George Victoria Constance Mary Somerset Duchess of Beaufort (née Princess Mary of Teck and later The Lady Victoria Constance Mary Cambridge) ( June 12 1897 Lady Helena Gibbs ( Helena Frances Augusta) ( 23 October 1899 - 22 December 1969) born Princess Helena of Teck, was a descendant Lord Frederick Cambridge ( Frederick Charles Edward) (born Prince Frederick of Teck) ( 23 September 1907 - 30 May[[ 940]] was a descendant Lady Mary Whitley ( Mary Ilona Margaret) née Cambridge ( 24 September 1924 - 13 December 1999) was a descendant of the Major-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge 1st Earl of Athlone KG GCB GCMG GCVO Lady May Abel Smith born Princess May of Teck ( May Helen Emma Abel Smith) ( 23 January 1906 – 29 May 1994) was a descendant Prince Rupert of Teck ( Rupert Alexander George Cambridge) ( 24 April 1907 &ndash 15 April 1928) was a member of the British Royal Major-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge 1st Earl of Athlone KG GCB GCMG GCVO She described her shock and sorrow in her diary and letters, extracts of which were published after her death: "our poor darling little Johnnie had passed away suddenly. . . The first break in the family circle is hard to bear but people have been so kind & sympathetic & this has helped us [me and the King] much. "[33]

Queen Mary's staunch support of her husband continued during the latter half of his reign. She advised him on speeches, and used her extensive knowledge of history and royalty to advise him on certain matters affecting his position. He appreciated her discretion, intelligence and judgement. [34] She maintained an air of self-assured calm throughout all her public engagements in the years after the war, a period marked by civil unrest over social conditions, Irish independence and Indian nationalism. Indian nationalism refers to the consciousness and expression of political social religious and ethnic influences that help mould Indian national consciousness [35]

In the late 1920s, George V became increasingly ill with lung problems, exacerbated by his heavy smoking. Queen Mary paid particular attention to his care. During his illness in 1928, one of his doctors, Sir Farquhar Buzzard, was asked who had saved the King's life; he replied, "The Queen". Sir Edward Farquhar Buzzard 1st Baronet KCVO, FRCP ( 20 December 1871 - 17 December 1945) was a prominent British physician [36] In 1935, King George V and Queen Mary celebrated their silver jubilee, with celebrations taking place throughout the British Empire. A Silver Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 25th anniversary In his jubilee speech, George paid public tribute to his wife, having told his speechwriter, "Put that paragraph at the very end. I cannot trust myself to speak of the Queen when I think of all I owe her. "[37]

Queen Mother

George V died on 20 January 1936, after his physician, Baron Dawson of Penn, gave him an injection of morphine and cocaine which may have hastened his death. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Bertrand Edward Dawson 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn GCVO KCB KCMG PC FRCP ( 9 March 1864 &ndash 7 March Medical uses Morphine can be used as an analgesic in hospital settings to relieve pain in Myocardial infarction pain in Cocaine ( benzoylmethyl ecgonine) is a Crystalline Tropane Alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the Coca plant [38] Queen Mary's eldest son, Edward, Prince of Wales, ascended the throne as Edward VIII. She was now Queen Mother (see English Queen Mothers), though she did not use that title and was instead known as Her Majesty, Queen Mary. Queen mother is a title or position reserved for a widowed Queen consort (a Queen dowager) whose son or daughter from that marriage is the reigning monarch Queen mother is defined as "a Queen dowager who is the mother of the reigning sovereign"

Within the year, Edward caused a constitutional crisis by announcing his desire to marry his twice-divorced American mistress, Mrs. A constitutional crisis is a severe breakdown in the orderly operation of Government. Wallis Simpson. Wallis Duchess of Windsor (born Bessie Wallis Warfield, later Spencer, then Simpson; 19 June 1895 or 1896 &ndash 24 April 1986 was an American Queen Mary disapproved of divorce, which was against the teaching of the Anglican Church, and thought Mrs. The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Simpson wholly unsuitable to be the wife of a king. After receiving advice from the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Stanley Baldwin, as well as the Dominion governments, that he could not remain king and marry Mrs. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the political leader of the United Kingdom Stanley Baldwin 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 &ndash 14 December 1947 was a British Conservative politician statesman and major A dominion, often Dominion, refers to one of a group of autonomous polities under sovereign authority within the British Empire and Simpson, Edward abdicated. The Edward VIII abdication crisis occurred in the British Empire in 1936 when the desire of King-Emperor Edward VIII to marry his mistress Wallis Though loyal and supportive of her son, Queen Mary could not comprehend why Edward would neglect his royal duties in favour of his personal feelings. [39] Mrs. Simpson had been presented formally to both King George V and Queen Mary at court,[40] but Queen Mary later refused to meet her either in public or privately. [41] Queen Mary saw it as her duty to provide moral support for her second son, the reserved and stammering Prince Albert, Duke of York, who ascended the throne in Edward's place, taking the name George VI. When Mary attended the coronation, she became the first dowager queen ever to do so. Princess Mother redirects here for Princess Mother Srinagraidra of Thailand see Srinagarindra A Queen Dowager or Dowager Queen (compare [42] Edward's abdication did not lessen her love for him, but she never wavered in her disapproval of the damage she believed had been done to the Crown. [15][43]

Queen Mary with her grand-daughters, Princesses Margaret (front) and Elizabeth
Queen Mary with her grand-daughters, Princesses Margaret (front) and Elizabeth

Queen Mary took an interest in the upbringing of her granddaughters, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret Rose, taking them on various excursions in London, to art galleries and museums. For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II (The Princesses' own parents thought it unnecessary for them to be taxed with any demanding educational regime. )[44]

During World War II, George VI wished his mother to be evacuated from London. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Although she was reluctant, she decided to live at Badminton House, Gloucestershire, with her niece, Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort, the daughter of her brother Adolphus, Lord Cambridge. Badminton House is a large Country house in Gloucestershire, England, and has been the principal seat of the Dukes of Beaufort since the late History See also History of Gloucestershire Gloucestershire is a historic county mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in the 10th century Victoria Constance Mary Somerset Duchess of Beaufort (née Princess Mary of Teck and later The Lady Victoria Constance Mary Cambridge) ( June 12 1897 Adolphus Cambridge 1st Marquess of Cambridge, GCB, GCVO, CMG (Adolphus Charles Alexander Albert Edward George Philip Louis Ladislaus born Prince [45] Her personal belongings were transported from London in seventy pieces of luggage. Her household, which comprised fifty-five servants, occupied most of the house, except for the Duke and Duchess's private suites, until after the war. The only people to complain about the arrangements were the royal servants, who found the house too small,[46] though Queen Mary annoyed her niece by having the ancient ivy torn from the walls, considering it unattractive and a hazard. From Badminton, she supported the war effort by visiting troops and factories, and directing the gathering of scrap materials; she was known to offer lifts to soldiers she spotted on the roads. [47] In 1942, her youngest surviving son, Prince George, Duke of Kent, was killed in an air crash while on active service. The Prince George Duke of Kent (George Edward Alexander Edmund 20 December 1902 - 25 August 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family Queen Mary finally returned to Marlborough House in June 1945, after the war in Europe had resulted in the defeat of Nazi Germany. This article is about Marlborough House Westminster. For the property in Brighton, please see Marlborough House Brighton Marlborough Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers

Queen Mary was an eager collector of objects and pictures with a royal connection. [48] She paid above-market estimates when purchasing jewels from the estate of Dowager Empress Marie Feodorovna[49] and paid almost three times the estimate when buying the family's Cambridge Emeralds from Lady Kilmorey, mistress of her late brother Prince Francis. Maria Feodorovna, born Princess Dagmar of Denmark (26 November 1847&ndash13 October 1928 was Empress consort of Russia. Prince Francis of Teck GCVO DSO ( 9 January 1870 – 22 October 1910) was a member of the British Royal Family [50] In 1924, the famous architect Sir Edwin Lutyens created Queen Mary's Dolls' House for her collection of miniature pieces. Sir Edwin Landseer Lutyens, OM, KCIE, PRA, FRIBA, LLD ( 29 March 1869 – 1 January 1944 Queen Mary's Dolls' House is a magnificent dollhouse built in the early 1920s, completed in 1924 for Queen Mary, the wife of King George V of the United Kingdom [51] Indeed, she has sometimes been criticised for her aggressive acquisition of objets d'art for the Royal Collection. The Royal Collection is the art collection of the British Royal Family. On several occasions, she would express to hosts, or others, that she admired something they had in their possession, in the expectation that the owner would be willing to donate it. [52] Her extensive knowledge of, and research into, the Royal Collection helped in identifying artifacts and artwork that had gone astray over the years. [53] (The Royal Family had loaned out many objects to friends over previous generations. ) Once she had identified unreturned items through old inventories, she would write to the holders, requesting that they be returned. [54]

In 1952, King George VI died, the third of Queen Mary's children to predecease her; her eldest granddaughter, Princess Elizabeth, ascended the throne. Queen Mary died the next year of lung cancer (referred to publicly as "gastric problems"[55]) at the age of 85, only ten weeks before Elizabeth II's coronation. Lung cancer is a Disease of uncontrolled Cell growth in tissues of the Lung. A coronation is a ceremony marking the investiture of a Monarch with regal power specifically involving the placement of a crown upon his or her head and the She let it be known that, in the event of her death, the coronation was not to be postponed. Her remains lay in state at Westminster Hall, where large numbers of mourners filed past her coffin. Lying in state is a term used to describe the tradition in which a Coffin is placed on view to allow the public at large to pay their respects to the deceased She is buried beside her husband in the nave of St. George's Chapel, Windsor. [56]

Legacy

Sir Henry "Chips" Channon wrote that she was "above politics…magnificent, humorous, worldly, in fact nearly sublime, though cold and hard. Sir Henry "Chips" Channon ( 7 March 1897 – 7 October 1958) was an American -born British Conservative But what a grand Queen. "[57]

The ocean liners RMS Queen Mary and RMS Queen Mary 2;[58] the Royal Navy battlecruiser, HMS Queen Mary, which was destroyed by the German battlecruiser SMS Seydlitz at the Battle of Jutland in 1916; Queen Mary College, University of London;[59] Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong; Queen Mary's Peak, the highest mountain in Tristan da Cunha; and Queen Mary Land in Antarctica are named in her honour. Naming and construction With Germany launching their and into service the British did not want to be left out in this ship building race Characteristics The Queen Mary 2 is the current Cunard Flagship and makes regular Transatlantic crossings Design The Seydlitz was a unique vessel being a modified version of the previous ''Moltke'' class battlecruisers fix various bugs per WikipediaHow to fix bunched-up edit links --> Queen Mary University of London (known as Queen Mary and Westfield College until 2000 and still officially named as such in its charter Queen Mary incorporates several Queen Mary Hospital ( located in Pok Fu Lam on the Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong, is the Flagship Teaching hospital of the Queen Mary's Peak is the highest mountain in the South Atlantic Ocean, situated on the Island of Tristan da Cunha, an overseas territory of the Tristan da Cunha (ˈtrɪstən də ˈkuːnə is a group of remote volcanic Islands in the south Atlantic Ocean, 2816 km (1750 miles from South Queen Mary Coast ( is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between Cape Filchner, in 91° 54' E and Cape Hordern, at 100° 30' E

A series of distinguished British actresses have portrayed Queen Mary on stage and screen, including Dame Wendy Hiller,[60] Dame Peggy Ashcroft, Dame Eileen Atkins, Margaret Tyzack,[61] and Miranda Richardson. Dame Wendy Margaret Hiller DBE ( 15 August 1912 – 14 May 2003) was a distinguished English Film and stage Dame Peggy Ashcroft DBE ( 22 December, 1907 &ndash 14 June, 1991) was an acclaimed Academy Award -winning English Dame Eileen June Atkins DBE (born 16 June 1934 is an English Writer and BAFTA and Emmy Award -winning Film, Television Margaret Tyzack OBE (born 19 September 1931) is an award-winning British actress Miranda Jane Richardson (born 3 March 1958 is an English stage film and television actress. [62]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

Queen Mary's Standard with her arms
Queen Mary's Standard with her arms

Honours

Further information: List of titles and honours of Mary of Teck

Arms

The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom are impaled with her family arms – 1st and 4th quarters, the arms of her grandfather, HRH Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge (the Royal Arms used by the House of Hanover); 2nd and 3rd quarters, the arms of her father, HH The Duke of Teck. Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 694 - Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims sentencing all Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 565 - Eutychius is deposed as Patriarch of Constantinople by John Scholasticus. Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This is a list of awards decorations honours orders and titles belonging to Queen Mary. The Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom is the official Coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. Prince Adolphus Duke of Cambridge (Adolphus Frederick 24 February 1774 &ndash 8 July 1850) was the tenth child and seventh son of George The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) is a Germanic royal Dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg Francis Duke of Teck (Francis Paul Charles Louis Alexander 28 August 1837 &ndash 21 January 1900) was a member of the British Royal [63]

Ancestry

Issue

Name Birth Death Notes[64]
Edward VIII 23 June 1894 28 May 1972 abdicated, later Duke of Windsor; married, 1937, Wallis Simpson; no issue. Events 1180 - First Battle of Uji, starting the Genpei War in Japan 1305 - The Flemish Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Year 1972 ( MCMLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Wallis Duchess of Windsor (born Bessie Wallis Warfield, later Spencer, then Simpson; 19 June 1895 or 1896 &ndash 24 April 1986 was an American
George VI 14 December 1895 6 February 1952 married, 1923, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon; had issue, including Elizabeth II
Mary, Princess Royal 25 April 1897 28 March 1965 married, 1922, Henry Lascelles, 6th Earl of Harewood; had issue. Events 1287 - St Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses killing over 50000 people Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats the combined army of Pompeian followers and Numidians under Metellus Scipio Year 1952 ( MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Elizabeth Angela Marguerite 4 August 1900 &ndash 30 March 2002 was the Queen Consort of King George For the ship see RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Context States headed by Elizabeth II The Princess Mary Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary Lascelles née Windsor 25 April 1897 &ndash 28 March Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. Year 1897 ( MDCCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 37 - Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Henry George Charles Lascelles 6th Earl of Harewood KG GCVO DSO TD ( 9 September 1882 &ndash 23 May 1947
Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester 31 March 1900 10 June 1974 married, 1935, Lady Alice Montagu-Douglas-Scott; had issue. The Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester (Henry William Frederick Albert 31 March 1900 – 10 June 1974 was a member of the British Royal Family, the third son of George V Events 307 - After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, the daughter of the retired Roman Emperor Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 1190 - Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the Sally River while leading an army to Jerusalem Year 1974 ( MCMLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. Princess Alice Duchess of Gloucester (born The Lady Alice Christabel Montagu-Douglas-Scott; 25 December 1901 &ndash 29 October 2004 was the wife of Prince Henry Duke
Prince George, Duke of Kent 20 December 1902 25 August 1942 married, 1934, Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark; had issue. The Prince George Duke of Kent (George Edward Alexander Edmund 20 December 1902 - 25 August 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family Events 69 - Vespasian, formerly a general under Nero, enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor. Year 1902 ( MCMII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1248 - The Dutch city of Ommen receives city rights and fortification rights from Otto III the Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Early life Princess Marina was born in Athens, Greece on 13 December 1906.
Prince John 12 July 1905 18 January 1919 suffered from epilepsy

See also

Notes and sources

  1. ^ The Times (London), Monday, 29 July 1867 p. The Prince John (John Charles Francis 12 July 1905 &ndash 18 January 1919 was a member of the British Royal Family, the youngest son of King George V and Queen Events 1191 - Saladin 's garrison surrenders ending the two-year Siege of Acre. Year 1905 ( MCMV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 350 - Generallus Magnentius deposes Roman Emperor Constans and proclaims himself Emperor Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Epilepsy is a common chronic Neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The Crown of Queen Mary was the Consort crown of Mary of Teck, Queen Consort of King George V of the United Kingdom The Times is a daily national Newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. Events 1014 - Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars: Battle of Kleidion: Byzantine emperor Basil II inflicts a decisive defeat Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting 12 col. E
  2. ^ Pope-Hennessy, James (1959). James Pope Hennessy CVO (20 November 1916 to 25 January 1974 was a British biographer and travel writer Queen Mary. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd. , p. 45.  
  3. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 55
  4. ^ Pope-Hennessy, pp. 68,76,123
  5. ^ a b Pope-Hennessy, p. 66
  6. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 68
  7. ^ Pope-Hennessy, pp. 36–37
  8. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 114
  9. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 112
  10. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 133
  11. ^ Pope-Hennessy, pp. 503–505
  12. ^ May's maternal grandfather, Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, was a brother of Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent, who was the father of Queen Victoria, Albert Victor's paternal grandmother. Prince Adolphus Duke of Cambridge (Adolphus Frederick 24 February 1774 &ndash 8 July 1850) was the tenth child and seventh son of George The Prince Edward Duke of Kent and Strathearn (Edward Augustus 2 November 1767 &ndash 23 January 1820 was a member of the British Royal Family, the fourth son of King Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901 was from 20 June 1837 the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
  13. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 201
  14. ^ Edwards, Anne (1984). Matriarch: Queen Mary and the House of Windsor. Hodder and Stoughton, p. 61. ISBN 0340244658.  
  15. ^ a b Prochaska, Frank (Sept 2004; online edn, May 2006), “Mary (1867–1953)”, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press), doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34914, <http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34914>. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. Retrieved on 17 April 2007 
  16. ^ Her bridesmaids were The Princesses Maud and Victoria of Wales, Victoria Melita, Alexandra and Beatrice of Edinburgh, Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, Margaret and Patricia of Connaught and Strathearn and Alice and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg
  17. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. Maud of Wales (Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria 26 November 1869 &ndash 20 November 1938) was Queen of Norway as spouse of King The Princess Victoria (Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary 6 July 1868 – 3 December 1935 also called "Toria" was a member of the British Royal Family, the fourth child See Princess Victoria for other Saxe-Coburg princesses named Victoria Grand Duchess Viktoria Feodorovna of Russia, born Princess Victoria Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria 1 September 1878 – 16 April 1942) was a member of the British Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria 20 April 1884 – 13 July 1966) was a member of the British Royal Princess Helena Victoria (formerly Princess Helena Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein Victoria Louise Sophia Augusta Amelia Helena 3 May 1870 - 13 March Princess Margaret of Connaught (Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah later Crown Princess of Sweden; 15 January 1882 &ndash 1 May Princess Patricia of Connaught (Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth later Lady Patricia Ramsay; 17 February 1886 – 12 January 1974 Princess Alice of Battenberg, later Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark (Victoria Alice Elizabeth Julia Marie Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena 24 October 1887 - 15 April 1969) was Queen consort of King Alfonso 291
  18. ^ Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John (1958). Sir John Wheeler Wheeler-Bennett, GCVO, CMG, OBE, FBA, FRSL was a conservative English Historian King George VI. London: Macmillan, pp. 16–17.  
  19. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 393
  20. ^ Windsor, HRH The Duke of (1951). A King's Story. London: Cassell and Co, pp. 24–25.  
  21. ^ Ziegler, Philip (1990). This page is not about Philip A Ziegler, writer on theology or Philip C King Edward VIII. London: Collins, p. 538. ISBN 0002157411.  
  22. ^ Queen Mary's Clothing Guild official website. Retrieved on 2007-05-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following
  23. ^ Edwards, p. 115
  24. ^ Edwards, pp. 142–143
  25. ^ Edwards, p. 146
  26. ^ The driver of their coach and over a dozen spectators were killed by a bomb thrown by an anarchist, Mateo Morales. Anarchism is a Political philosophy encompassing theories and attitudes which support the elimination of all compulsory Government, i Mateu Morral ( Mateo in Spanish; 1880 Sabadell &mdash June 2 1906, Torrejón de Ardoz - part of Madrid) was a
  27. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 421
  28. ^ Pope-Hennessy, pp. 452–463
  29. ^ Edwards, pp. 182–193
  30. ^ Edwards, pp. 244–245
  31. ^ Edwards, p. 258
  32. ^ Edwards, p. 262
  33. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 511
  34. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 549
  35. ^ Edwards, p. 311
  36. ^ Gore, John (1941). King George V: A Personal Memoir. London: John Murray, p. 243.  
  37. ^ The Times (London), Wednesday, 25 March 1953 p. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 5
  38. ^ Watson, Francis (1986), “The Death of George V”, History Today 36: pp. 21–30 
  39. ^ Airlie, Mabell (1962). Mabell Frances Elizabeth Ogilvy Countess of Airlie, GCVO, GBE ( 10 March 1866, Mayfair, London &ndash 7 April Thatched with Gold. London: Hutchinson, p. 200.  
  40. ^ HRH The Duke of Windsor, p. 255
  41. ^ HRH The Duke of Windsor, p. 334
  42. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 584
  43. ^ Edwards, p. 401 and Pope-Hennessy, p. 575
  44. ^ Edwards, p. 349
  45. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 596
  46. ^ Mosley, Charles (ed. ) (2003). "Duke of Beaufort, 'Seat' section", Burke's Peerage & Gentry, 107th edition, vol. I p. 308.  
  47. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 600
  48. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 412
  49. ^ Clarke, William (1995). The Lost Fortune Of The Tsars.  
  50. ^ Thomson, Mark. Document – A Right Royal Affair [Radio]. BBC Radio 4.
    See also Kilmorey Papers (D/2638), Public Record Office of Northern Ireland. The Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI is situated in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
  51. ^ Pope-Hennessy, pp. 531–534
  52. ^ Rose, Kenneth (1983). Kenneth Vivian Rose (born 1924 is a royal biographer in the United Kingdom. King George V. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, p. 284. ISBN 0297782452.  
  53. ^ Pope-Hennessy, p. 414
  54. ^ The Duke of Windsor, p. 238
  55. ^ The Times (London), Wednesday, 25 March 1953 p. Events 1199 - Richard I is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting France which leads to his death on April 6. Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. 8
  56. ^ Royal Burials. St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. Retrieved on 2007-06-01. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 193 - Roman Emperor Didius Julianus is Assassinated 987 - Hugh Capet is elected
  57. ^ Channon, Sir Henry; Edited by Robert Rhodes James (1967). Sir Henry "Chips" Channon ( 7 March 1897 – 7 October 1958) was an American -born British Conservative Sir Robert Vidal Rhodes James ( 10 April 1933 &ndash 20 May 1999) was a British historian and Conservative Member of Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, p. 473.  
  58. ^ Technically, the QMII was named after the original ocean liner, and is only indirectly named after the Queen
  59. ^ Moss, G. P. ; Saville, M. V. (1985). From Palace to College – An illustrated account of Queen Mary College. University of London, pp. 57–62. ISBN 0-902238-06-X.  
  60. ^ Dame Wendy Hiller. The Guardian (16 May 2003). The Guardian (until 1959 The Manchester Guardian) is a British Newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. Retrieved on 2007-05-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following
  61. ^ Margaret Tyzack at The Internet Movie Database. Internet Movie Database Inc. . Retrieved on 2007-12-15. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of
  62. ^ The Internet Movie Database. Internet Movie Database Inc. . Retrieved on 2007-05-30. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1416 - The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund a supporter of Antipope John XXIII burns Jerome of Prague following
  63. ^ Maclagan, Michael; Louda, Jiří (1999). Line of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe. London: Little, Brown & Co, pp. 30–31. ISBN 0-85605-469-1.  
  64. ^ Weir, Alison (1995). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy Revised edition. Random House, pp. 323–330. ISBN 0-7126-7448-9.  

References

External links

British royalty
Preceded by
Alexandra of Denmark		 Queen-consort of the United Kingdom
1910 – 1936		 Succeeded by
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Empress-consort of India
1910 – 1936
Queen mother
1936 – 1952
Honorary titles
Preceded by
The Prince of Wales		 Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire
1936 – 1953		 Succeeded by
The Duke of Edinburgh
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Alexandra of Denmark		 Princess of Wales
1901 – 1910		 Vacant
Title next held by
Diana Spencer
Vacant
Title last held by
Frederica of Prussia		 Duchess of York
1893 – 1910		 Vacant
Title next held by
Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
Persondata
NAME Mary of Teck
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Princess Victoria Mary of Teck; Queen Mary
SHORT DESCRIPTION Wife of George V of the United Kingdom
DATE OF BIRTH 26 May 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Kensington Palace, London
DATE OF DEATH 24 March 1953
PLACE OF DEATH Marlborough House, London
TalkCommonewalth realm.--> The monarchy Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Carolina Marie Charlotte Louise Julia 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925 was Queen Consort to Edward VII of the United Kingdom See also List of British monarchs. For the royal consorts of the predecessor realms of Scotland and England, see List of Scottish Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Elizabeth Angela Marguerite 4 August 1900 &ndash 30 March 2002 was the Queen Consort of King George Emperor/Empress of India ( Badishah -e-Hind in Hindustani) was used as a Title by the last Mughal emperor Bahadur Queen mother is defined as "a Queen dowager who is the mother of the reigning sovereign" The Grand Master of the Order of the British Empire is the next most senior officer after the Sovereign of the Order currently Queen Elizabeth II of the United The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most Peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801 when Alexandra of Denmark (Alexandra Carolina Marie Charlotte Louise Julia 1 December 1844 – 20 November 1925 was Queen Consort to Edward VII of the United Kingdom Princess of Wales is a Courtesy title held by the wife of the Prince of Wales since the first "English" Prince of Wales in 1283 Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia (Frederica Charlotte Ulrika Katherine 7 May 1767 &ndash 6 August 1820) was the only daughter of Duchess of York is a title held by the wife of the Duke of York since the first Duke of York in 1384 Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (Elizabeth Angela Marguerite 4 August 1900 &ndash 30 March 2002 was the Queen Consort of King George Events 451 - The Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sassanid Empire takes place Year 1867 ( MDCCCLXVII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Kensington Palace is a royal residence set in Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Events 1401 - Mongol emperor Timur sacks Damascus. 1603 - James VI of Scotland Year 1953 ( MCMLIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. This article is about Marlborough House Westminster. For the property in Brighton, please see Marlborough House Brighton Marlborough London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom.
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