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The marriage gap describes observed economic and political disparities between those who are married and those who are single. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** In relationships, a single person is one who is not married or in a romantic relationship The marriage gap is often compared with the gender gap. [1]


Contents

Economic differences

There is a direct correlation between marital status and social class in some countries. In Probability theory and Statistics, correlation, (often measured as a correlation coefficient) indicates the strength and direction of a linear A person's marital status describes their relationship with a significant other Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions (or stratification) between individuals or groups in Societies or Cultures. [2] Unmarried parents tend to be poorer in the West than their married counterparts, and poor young people are more likely to become single parents. However, this is usually due to taxation overwhelmingly favouring married couples.

Married couples tend to be richer than single parents. It has been claimed that this is in part because of the opportunity for specialization. Division of labour or specialization is the specialization of cooperative labour in specific circumscribed tasks and roles intended to increase the Productivity When at least one spouse is able to focus on market work or home production it will generally make sense to specialize. [3] Specialization has a demonstrably enriching effect on families by improving efficiency, reducing training time, increasing productivity, and allowing parents to become more skillful in their divided responsibilities. Productivity in Economics refers to measures of output from production processes per unit of input [4]Clearly, the advantages of specialisation would also apply to stable unmarried couples.

The "marriage wage premium" is another observed economic advantage in marriage, though a direct causation between marriage and wages is not proven. This premium is the extra income that married men earn over unmarried men. In the U.S. the premium is estimated to be an extra ten to 50 percent. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [5] In Australia, legally married men enjoy a premium of just over $2 an hour. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. [6] Explanations for the premium are debated between causation (based on increased productivity) and correlation (based on spousal selection). Causality (but not causation) denotes a necessary relationship between one event (called cause and another event (called effect) which is the direct consequence Correlation does not imply causation is a phrase used in the Sciences and Statistics to emphasize that Correlation between two variables does not imply [7][8] Studies show support for only productivity,[9] only selection,[10] and both. [11]

Politics and marriage

As part of the marriage gap, unmarried people are "considerably more liberal" than married people. [12] With little variation between professed moderates, married people respond to be conservative 9 percent more, and single people respond to be liberal 10 percent more. Moderates for Piedmont ( Moderati per il Piemonte) is a regional centrist Italian political party active in Piedmont. Conservatism is a term used to describe political philosophies that favour Tradition, where tradition refers to various religious cultural or nationally defined [13]

Party affiliation

In the U. S. , being a married woman is correlated with a higher level of support for the Republican Party, and being single with the Democratic Party. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. There's no significant difference between married people. Thirty-two percent of married people call themselves Republicans and 31 percent say they are Democrats, while among single people, 19 percent are Republicans and 38 percent Democrats. [14] The difference is most striking between married and single women. Married women respond as being Republicans 15 percent more; single women respond as being Democrats 11 percent more. [15]

Political issues

The marriage gap is evident on a range of political issues in the United States:

Interpreting the data

The marriage gap is a controversial phenomenon, because it is not clear to what extent it is attributable to causation — getting married makes people become intolerant, etc — and to what extent is attributable to correlation — forbidding people to marry makes them less likely to get married. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Same-sex marriage (also referred to as gay marriage) is a term for a legally or Socially recognized Marriage between two people of the same An A school voucher, also called an education voucher, is a certificate issued by the government by which parents can pay for the Education of their children at a In Probability theory and Statistics, correlation, (often measured as a correlation coefficient) indicates the strength and direction of a linear "We'd have to do a controlled experiment with very similar people, and let one lot get married, and the other not, and that isn't going to happen". [19]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ National Annenberg Election Survey (NAES). An achievement gap refers to the observed disparity on a number of Educational measures between the performance of groups of students especially groups defined by Gender The term digital divide refers to the gap between those people with effective access to Digital and Information technology and those without A generation gap is a popular term used to describe big differences between people of a younger generation and their elders Economic inequality refers to disparities in the distribution of Economic Assets and Income.
  2. ^ Hymowitz, para. 4
  3. ^ Ellwood and Jencks, p. 15
  4. ^ See general advantages of labor division. Division of labour or specialization is the specialization of cooperative labour in specific circumscribed tasks and roles intended to increase the Productivity
  5. ^ Varian, "labor economists estimate that even when you control for age, education and other demographic effects, the 'marriage wage premium' is 10 percent to 50 percent. "
  6. ^ Breusch and Gray, p. 11
  7. ^ Varian, "[Antonovics and Town (2003)] suggests that marriage really does have a causal impact on wages. "
  8. ^ Breusch and Gray, p. 1, productivity is based on specialization, and selection means that "a man who is favoured in the labour market is also favoured as a potential marriage partner (and vice versa). "
  9. ^ Abstract of Why do married men earn more: productivity or marriage selection?
  10. ^ Abstract of …What Males Gain a Wage Premium?
  11. ^ Breusch and Gray, p. 12
  12. ^ NAES.
  13. ^ Ibid. Definitions of moderate, conservative, and liberal were not given.
  14. ^ NAES.
  15. ^ Ibid.
  16. ^ NAES.
  17. ^ NAES.
  18. ^ NAES.
  19. ^ Penny Mansfield of One Plus One, quoted in the Guardian of 17-7-2007

References

External links

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