Marlon Brando
Brando, age 26, as Stanley Kowalski in the trailer for the film A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
Born	Marlon Brando, Jr. Stanley Kowalski is a fictional character in Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire. A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams. April 3, 1924(1924-04-03) Omaha, Nebraska
Died	July 1, 2004 (aged 80) Los Angeles, California
Years active	1944–2004
Spouse(s)	Anna Kashfi (1957–1959) Movita Castaneda (1960–1962) Tarita Teriipia (1962–1972)
Official website

Marlon Brando, Jr. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West Anna Kashfi (born Johanna O'Callaghan on September 30 1934 is a former film actress who had a brief Hollywood career in the 1950s and is best known for having been married to Marlon Maria "Movita" Castaneda (born December 4, 1917, Nogales, Arizona, United States) is a Mexican-American actress Tarita Teriipia (born December 29, 1941 in Bora Bora, French Polynesia) is a former actress of French Polynesian and Chinese (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an Academy Award-winning American actor whose body of work spanned over half a century. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works He is widely regarded as one of the most influential actors of all time. As a young sex symbol, he is best known for his roles as Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire and Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront, both directed by Elia Kazan in the early 1950s. Stanley Kowalski is a fictional character in Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire. A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams. On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. Elia Mother, ( Greek: Ηλίας Καζάν September 7 1909 &ndash September 28 2003) was a Greek - American In middle age, his well-known roles include his Academy-Award winning performance as Vito Corleone in The Godfather and Colonel Walter Kurtz in Apocalypse Now, the latter two directed by Francis Ford Coppola in the 1970s. Vito Andolini "The Godfather" Corleone (December 7 1891 - August 14 1955 is a Fictional character in Mario Puzo 's novel The Godfather The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Francis Ford "Frank" Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award -winning American Film director,

He is regarded as one of the greatest actors of his time. ^[1]

Brando was also an activist, lending his presence to many issues, including the American Civil Rights and American Indian Movements. The American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968 refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African The American Indian Movement ( AIM) is an Indian Activist organization in the United States. He was named the fourth Greatest Male Star of All Time by the American Film Institute. Part of the AFI 100 Years series, AFI's 100 Years 100 Stars is a list of the top 50 stars of American cinema The American Film Institute ( AFI) is an independent Non-profit organization created by the National Endowment for the Arts, which was established in 1967

Contents 1 Biography 1.1 Early life 1.2 Career 1.2.1 Early work 1.2.2 Rising to the top 1.2.3 The Godfather 1.2.4 Later career 1.3 Personal life 1.3.1 Children 1.4 Sexuality 1.5 Scandal involving Brando's son, Christian 1.6 Final years and death 2 Politics 2.1 Civil rights 2.2 Accusations of Jewish stereotyping 3 Awards and nominations 4 Filmography 5 Further reading 6 References 7 External links 7.1 Obituaries

Biography

Early life

Brando was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the son of Dorothy Julia Pennebaker Brando (1897–1954), an actress, and Marlon Brando, Sr. Dorothy Pennebaker "Dodie" Brando, ( February 7, 1897 – August 16, 1954) a native of Omaha Nebraska, was the mother of (1895–1965), a pesticide and chemical feed manufacturer. A pesticide is a substance or mixture of substances used to kill a pest. ^[2][3] In 1935, when he was eleven years old, his parents separated. His mother briefly took her three children Marlon, Jocelyn (1919–2005) and Frances Brando (1922–1994) to live with her mother in Santa Ana, California until 1937, when the parents reconciled and moved to Libertyville, Illinois, a village north of Chicago. Founded in 1869 Santa Ana ( is the most populous city in Orange County California and is the County seat and a city of about 353184 people. Libertyville is a northern suburb of Chicago in Lake County, Illinois, United States. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The family was of mixed Dutch, Irish, German, Huguenot, and English descent. The Dutch people ( Dutch:) are the dominant Ethnic group of the Netherlands. The Irish people ( Irish: Muintir na hÉireann, na hÉireannaigh, na Gaeil) are a Western European Ethnic group who originate The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France (or French Calvinists) from the sixteenth to the eighteenth The English people (from the adjective in Englisc) are a Nation and Ethnic group native to England who predominantly speak English Contrary to what is stated in some biographies, Brando's grandfather Eugene E. Brando was not French but was born in New York state. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous ^[4] Brando's grandmother Marie Holloway abandoned Eugene and their son Marlon Brando Sr. when he was five years old. ^[5] The Brando family had been long settled in New York state. The family name was earlier spelled Brandow and originated with a German immigrant, Johann Wilhelm Brandau, who settled in America in the early 1700s. The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as ^[6]

Brando's mother, Dodie, was an unconventional but intelligent and talented woman. She smoked, wore trousers and drove automobiles at a time when it was unusual for women to do so. Trousers are an item of Clothing worn on the lower part of the body from the waist to the ankles covering both legs separately (rather than with cloth stretching across However, she suffered from alcoholism and often had to be retrieved from Chicago bars by Brando's father. Alcoholism is a term with multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. She later became a leader of Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcoholics Anonymous ( AA) is an informal meeting society for recovering and recovered alcoholics, with the stated purpose to help its members "to stay sober and Dodie was an actress and administrator in local theater and was written about for her theatrical work by the Omaha newspapers. She helped a young Henry Fonda to begin his own acting career, and fueled Brando's interest in stage acting. Henry Jaynes Fonda ( May 16, 1905 – August 12, 1982) was an American Academy Award -winning Film and Theatre (or theater, see spelling differences) is the branch of the Performing arts defined by Bernard Beckerman as what "occurs when one His father, Marlon Sr. , was a gifted amateur photographer. Brando's maternal grandmother, Bessie Gahan Pennebaker Meyers, to whom Brando was perhaps closer than his own mother, was also unconventional. Widowed at a young age, she worked to support herself as a secretary and later as a Christian Science healer, and was well known in Omaha. Christian Science is believed by its supporters to be a system of spiritually scientific truths which are summed up in the two commandments having one God one Mind one Life Truth Her father, Myles Gahan, was a doctor from Ireland and her mother, Julia Watts, was from England. Brando was a gifted mimic from early childhood and developed a rare ability to absorb the tics and mannerisms of people he played and to display those traits dramatically while staying in character. Imitation is an advanced Behavior whereby an individual observes and replicates another's His sister, Jocelyn Brando, however, was the first to pursue a career in acting, going to New York to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Art. Jocelyn Brando ( November 18, 1919 – November 27, 2005) was an American film stage and television actress She later appeared on Broadway, in movies and on television. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located Next, Marlon's sister Frannie left college in California to study art in New York. Marlon followed.

Brando had a tumultuous childhood. He was held back a year in school and was later expelled from Libertyville High School. Expulsion at a School or University is defined as removing a student from the institution for violating rules or Honor codes. Libertyville High School, or LHS, is a public four-year High school located in Libertyville Illinois, a northern suburb of Chicago Illinois At the age of 16, he was sent to Shattuck Military Academy in Faribault, Minnesota, where his father had gone before him. Shattuck-St Mary's School (also known as SSM is a Coeducational Episcopal Church -affiliated Boarding school in Faribault, Minnesota Faribault (fɛriboʊ is a city in Rice County, Minnesota, United States. At Shattuck, he excelled at theater and got along well within the structure of the school. In his final year (1943), he was put on probation for talking back to an officer during maneuvers. A part of his probation was that he be confined to the school campus, but he eventually tried sneaking off campus into town and was caught. The faculty voted to expel him. He received support from his fellow students who thought the punishment too harsh. He was later invited back for the next year, but decided not to finish school.

He worked as a ditch-digger in his hometown as a summer job arranged by his father, but had decided to follow his sisters to New York. A ditch is usually defined as a small to moderate depression created to channel Water. One sister was trying to be a painter and the other had already appeared on Broadway. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located He visited his sister Frances in New York at Christmas 1942 and liked the experience. Brando was given six months of support from his father, after which his father offered to help him get a job as a salesman. Brando left Illinois for New York City, where he studied at the American Theatre Wing Professional School, New School Dramatic Workshop, and the Actors' Studio. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. The City of New York The American Theatre Wing (the Wing for short originally part of the WWII Allied Relief Fund is a New York City -based organization "dedicated to supporting This is about the university in New York; for other uses see New School (disambiguation. The Actors Studio is a membership Organization for Professional Actors theatre directors and Playwrights at 432 West 44th Street in It was at the New School's Dramatic Workshop that he studied with Stella Adler and learned the techniques of the Stanislavski System. Stella Adler ( February 10, 1901 * – December 21, 1992) was an American actress. Stanislavski's system is an approach to acting developed by Constantin Stanislavski, a Russian Actor, director, and theatre administrator There is a possibly apocryphal story in which Adler spoke about teaching Brando, saying that she had instructed the class to act like chickens, then adding that a bomb was about to fall on them. Most of the class clucked and ran around wildly, but Brando sat calmly and pretended to lay an egg. When Adler asked Brando to explain his actions, he replied, "I'm a chicken - What do I know from a bomb?"

Career

Early work

Brando used his Stanislavski System skills for his first summer-stock roles in Sayville, New York on Long Island. Stanley Kowalski is a fictional character in Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire. A Streetcar Named Desire is a 1947 play written by American playwright Tennessee Williams for which he received the Pulitzer Prize Carl Van Vechten ( June 17, 1880 &ndash December 21, 1964) was an American Writer and Photographer who was a Stanislavski's system is an approach to acting developed by Constantin Stanislavski, a Russian Actor, director, and theatre administrator Summer Stock is also the title of a 1950 musical motion picture starring Judy Garland Sayville is the name of a hamlet (and a Census-designated place) in Suffolk County New York, ( USA) on Long Island. Long Island is an island located in southeastern New York, USA, its western shores directly across from Manhattan, from which the island stretches His behavior got him kicked out of the cast of the New School's production in Sayville, but he was discovered in a locally produced play there and then made it to Broadway in the bittersweet drama I Remember Mama in 1944. Broadway theater, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 39 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located This article is about the 1944 play and subsequent 1948 feature film Critics voted him "Broadway's Most Promising Actor" for his role as an anguished veteran in Truckline Café, although the play was a commercial failure. Truckline Cafe was the title of a 1946 Broadway play written by Maxwell Anderson, directed by Harold Clurman, produced by Elia Kazan Failure ( fail, phail or flop) in general refers to the state or Condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective In 1946 he appeared on Broadway as the young hero in the political drama A Flag Is Born, refusing to accept wages above the Actor's Equity rate because of his commitment to the cause of Israeli independence. “A Flag Is Born” was a play promoting the creation of a Jewish State in the ancient land of Israel ^{[7] [8]} Brando achieved stardom, however, as Stanley Kowalski in Tennessee Williams' 1947 play A Streetcar Named Desire, directed by Elia Kazan. Stanley Kowalski is a fictional character in Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire. Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical A Streetcar Named Desire is a 1947 play written by American playwright Tennessee Williams for which he received the Pulitzer Prize Elia Mother, ( Greek: Ηλίας Καζάν September 7 1909 &ndash September 28 2003) was a Greek - American Brando sought out that role, driving out to Provincetown, Massachusetts, where Williams was spending the summer, to audition for the part. Provincetown is a town located at the extreme tip of Cape Cod in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. An audition is a sample performance by an Actor, Singer, Musician, Dancer or other performer Williams recalled that he opened the screen door and knew, instantly, that he had his Stanley Kowalski. Brando's performance revolutionized acting technique and set the model for the American form of method acting. Method acting is an Acting technique in which Actors try to replicate real life emotional conditions under which the character operates in an effort to create a life-like This approach to a role was never seen before and all similar roles mirror Brando's.

Afterward, Brando was asked to do a screen test for Warner Brothers studio for the film Rebel Without A Cause,^[9] which James Dean was later cast in. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc (or Warner Bros, Warner Bros Pictures) is one of the world's largest producers of Film and Rebel Without a Cause is a 1955 film directed by Nicholas Ray that tells the story of a rebellious teenager played by James Dean, James Byron Dean ( February 8 1931 &ndash September 30 1955) was a two-time Oscar -nominated American Film The screen test appears as an extra in the 2006 DVD release of A Streetcar Named Desire. A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams.

Brando's first screen role was as the bitter paraplegic veteran in The Men in 1950. True to his method, Brando spent a month in bed at a veterans' hospital to prepare for the role.

Rising to the top

He made a strong impression in 1951 when he brought his performance as Stanley Kowalski to the screen in Kazan's adaptation of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire. Stanley Kowalski is a fictional character in Tennessee Williams ' play A Streetcar Named Desire. Thomas Lanier Williams III (March 26 1911 &ndash February 25 1983 better known as Tennessee Williams, was a major American playwright who received many of the top theatrical A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for that role, and again in each of the next three years for his roles in Viva Zapata! in 1952, Julius Caesar in 1953 as Mark Antony, and On the Waterfront in 1954. Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to recognize For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by Julius Caesar is an MGM film adaptation of the play by Shakespeare, directed by Joseph L Marcus Antonius (in Latin: M·ANTONIVS·M·F·M·N ( c January 14 83 BC&ndash August 1, 30 BC known in English as Mark On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. These first five films of his career established Brando as perhaps the premier acting talent in the world, as evidenced in his winning the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role three consecutive years, 1951 to 1953. The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role has been presented to its winners since 1952 and actors of all nationalities are

In 1953, he also starred in Lee Falk's play Arms and the Man. Emiliano Zapata Salazar ( August 8, 1879 – April 10, 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, which broke out in For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by Leon Harrison Gross, more known by the alias of Lee Falk ( April 28, 1911 - March 13, 1999) was an American writer Falk was proud to tell people that Marlon Brando turned down an offer of $10,000 per week on Broadway, in favor of working on Falk's play in Boston. His Boston contract was less than $500 per week. It would be the last time he ever acted in a stage play.

Brando became a hero for the younger generation by playing motorcycle rebel Johnny Strabler in 1953's The Wild One. The Wild One is a 1953 Outlaw biker film directed by László Benedek. He created the rebel image for the rock-and-roll era. Rock and roll (also known as rock 'n' roll) is a form of Music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s with roots in mostly African Brando's explosive screen presence exuded a raw sexuality that drew repeat ticket purchases among female theater goers of all ages. Theater managers related accounts of sold out weekday matiness where small children ran up and down the aisle making motorcycle noises while their mothers sat transfixed.

Director Nick Ray took the gang image from the movie The Wild One and brought it to his movie, Rebel Without A Cause, and thus emphasized Brando's effect on youth. Nicholas Ray (born Raymond Nicholas Kienzle) ( August 7, 1911 &ndash June 16, 1979) was an American Film director The Wild One is a 1953 Outlaw biker film directed by László Benedek. Rebel Without a Cause is a 1955 film directed by Nicholas Ray that tells the story of a rebellious teenager played by James Dean,

Aspects of the rebel culture that included motorcycles, leather jackets, jeans and the rebel image, which inspired generations of rebels, came thanks to that film and Brando's own unique image and character. The sales of motorcycle related paraphernalia, leather jackets, jeans, boots and t-shirts skyrocketed throughout the country. ^[10] The film had a similar effect on overseas audiences. Local authorities and religious figures lamented the effect it was having on the youth of their respective countries.

Under Kazan's direction, and with a talented ensemble around him, Brando won the Oscar for his role of Terry Malloy in On the Waterfront. Elia Mother, ( Greek: Ηλίας Καζάν September 7 1909 &ndash September 28 2003) was a Greek - American On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. For the famous I coulda' been a contender scene, Brando convinced Kazan that the scripted scene was unrealistic, and with Rod Steiger, improvised the final product. Rod Steiger ( April 14, 1925 – July 9, 2002) was an American Academy Award -winning Actor known for his

Brando followed that triumph by a variety of roles in the 1950s that defied expectations: as Sky Masterson in Guys and Dolls, where he managed to carry off a singing role; as Sakini, a Japanese interpreter for the U. Guys and Dolls is a 1955 Musical film starring Marlon Brando, Jean Simmons, Frank Sinatra and Vivian Blaine. S. Army in postwar Japan in The Teahouse of the August Moon; as an Air Force officer in Sayonara, and a Nazi officer in The Young Lions. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. Sayonara ( 1957) is a Film which tells the story of an American Air Force flier who was a fighter "Ace" during the This article is about the novel by Irwin Shaw For the Australian television series see Young Lions (TV series The Young Lions is a Although he won an Oscar nomination for his acting in Sayonara, his acting had lost much of its energy and direction by the end of the 1950s.

In the 1960s Brando starred in films such as Mutiny on the Bounty (1962); One-Eyed Jacks (1961), a western that would be the only film Brando would ever direct; a star-studded but unsuccessful potboiler The Chase (1966), in which he played an uncorrupted Texas sheriff; Reflections in a Golden Eye (1967), portraying a repressed gay army officer, and Burn! (1969), which Brando would later claim as his personal favorite, although it was a commercial failure. Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1962 film starring Marlon Brando, based on the novel Mutiny on the "Bounty" by Charles One-Eyed Jacks, a Western movie released in 1961 is the only Film directed by Marlon Brando, who replaced the original director Stanley Burn! (Italian title Queimada) is a 1969 film starring Marlon Brando and directed by Gillo Pontecorvo. Nonetheless, his career had gone into almost complete eclipse by the end of the decade, some say, thanks to his reputation as a difficult star and his record in overbudget or marginal movies.

However, in truth, his reputation as a "difficult star", no matter how justifiably earned, was not the real reason for the downslide in his career. The fact is, as noted progressive writer Dave Zirin points out, Hollywood created what became known as the "Brando Blacklist" that shut him out of many big time roles. The reason for that blacklist was his growing activism, and his financial and moral support of the Black Panthers, Native American Rights groups and other progressive causes. The Black Panther Party (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a Marxist / Maoist African-American organization established ^[11]

The Godfather

His performance as Vito Corleone in 1972's The Godfather was a mid-career turning point. Vito Andolini "The Godfather" Corleone (December 7 1891 - August 14 1955 is a Fictional character in Mario Puzo 's novel The Godfather The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Director Francis Ford Coppola convinced Brando to submit to a "make-up" test, in which Brando did his own makeup (he used cotton balls to simulate the puffed-cheek look). Francis Ford "Frank" Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award -winning American Film director, Coppola was electrified by Brando's characterization as the head of a crime family, but had to fight the studio in order to cast the temperamental Brando, whose reputation for difficult behavior and demands was the stuff of backlot legend. However, Paramount studio heads wanted to give the role to Danny Thomas in the hope that Thomas would have his own production company throw in its lot with Paramount. Danny Thomas ( January 6, 1912 - February 6, 1991) was an American nightclub Comedian and television and film Thomas declined the role and actually urged the studio to cast Brando at the behest of Coppola and others who had witnessed the screen test.

Eventually, Charles Bludhorn, the president of Paramount parent Gulf + Western, was won over to letting Brando have the role; when he saw the screen test, he asked in amazement, "What are we watching? Who is this old guinea?"

Brando won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance, but turned it down, becoming the second actor to refuse a Best Actor award (the first being George C. Scott for Patton). Charles Blühdorn ( September 20, 1926 - February 20, 1983) was a Vienna Austrian born American Industrialist Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS to recognize George Campbell Scott (October 18 1927 - September 22 1999 was an American stage and film Actor, director, and producer. Patton (UK Patton Lust for Glory) is a 1970 biography drama War film, which tells the story of General George S Brando boycotted the award ceremony, sending Native American Rights activist Sacheen Littlefeather to state his reasons, which were based on his objections to the depiction of Native Americans by Hollywood and television. Sacheen Littlefeather (born Maria Cruz on 30 January 1947 in Salinas, California, U Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States

The actor followed with one of his greatest performances in Bernardo Bertolucci's 1973 film, Last Tango in Paris, but the performance was overshadowed by an uproar over the erotic nature of the film. Bernardo Bertolucci (born March 16, 1940) is an Italian Writer and Academy Award winning Film director. Last Tango in Paris ( Ultimo Tango a Parigi) is a 1973 film directed by Italian Bernardo Bertolucci which tells the story of Despite the controversies which attended both the film and the man, the Academy once again nominated Brando for the Best Actor.

His career afterward was uneven. He was paid one million dollars a week to play the iconic Colonel Kurtz in 1979's Apocalypse Now. He was supposed to show up slim, fit, and to have read the book Heart of Darkness. Heart of Darkness is a Novella written by Polish-born writer Joseph Conrad (born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski) He showed up weighing around 220 pounds and hadn't read Heart of Darkness. This is why his character was shot mostly in the shadows and most of his dialogue was improvised. After his week was over, director Francis Ford Coppola asked him to stay an extra hour so that he could shoot a close up of Brando saying, "The horror, the horror. Francis Ford "Frank" Coppola (born April 7, 1939) is a five-time Academy Award -winning American Film director, " Brando agreed for an extra $75,000. After this film his weight began to limit the roles he could play.

In his autobiography Songs My Mother Taught Me, Brando describes his participation in Apocalypse Now very differently. Songs My Mother Taught Me is the title of an Autobiography written by Marlon Brando with Robert Lindsey as co-author in 1995. According to Brando, the script had deviated from the book and made Kurtz a much more visible character. To restore the character's mystery (and to cut down on the amount of work he'd be required to do), Brando suggested to Coppola that Kurtz be returned in the movie to the mythological figure he was in the book. Coppola agreed to allow Brando to rewrite the script, which he did over the course of ten days. Brando also shaved his head without telling Coppola, and worked with the crew to devise lighting techniques which would emphasize his bald pate and deep set eyes, to evoke a sense of palpable danger in the character. Coppola approved all of Brando's changes, which gave the film the focus and narrative continuity it had previously lacked.

Later career

Brando then portrayed Superman's father Jor-El in the 1978 Superman: The Movie. Superman is a fictional Comic book Superhero widely considered to be one of the most recognized of such characters and an American Cultural icon Jor-El is a Fictional character from the Superman Comic books, published by DC Comics. Superman (also known as Superman The Movie) is a 1978 Superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the He agreed to the role only on assurance that he was paid a large sum for what amounted to a small part, that he did not have to read the script beforehand and his lines would be displayed somewhere off-camera. It was revealed in a documentary contained in the 2001 DVD release of Superman, that he was paid $3. Superman (also known as Superman The Movie) is a 1978 Superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the 7 million for just two weeks of work.

Brando also filmed scenes for the movie's sequel, Superman II, but after producers refused to pay him the same percentage he received for the first movie, he denied them permission to use the footage. Superman II is the 1980 Sequel to the 1978 Superhero film Superman. However, after Brando's death the footage was re-incorporated into the 2006 re-cut of the film, Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut. Superman II The Richard Donner Cut is a 2006 re-edit of the 1980 Superhero film, Superman II.

Two years after his death, he "reprised" the role of Jor-El in the 2006 "loose sequel" Superman Returns, in which both used and unused archive footage of Brando as Jor-El from the first two Superman films was remastered for a scene in the Fortress of Solitude, as well as Brando's voice-overs being used throughout the film. Superman Returns is a 2006 Academy Award -nominated Superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character The Fortress of Solitude is the occasional Headquarters of Superman in DC Comics.

Some later performances, such as The Island of Dr Moreau, earned him some of the most uncomplimentary reviews of his career. The Island of Dr Moreau is a 1996 film the third major movie version of the H Despite announcing his retirement from acting in 1980, he subsequently gave interesting supporting performances in movies such as A Dry White Season (for which he was again nominated for an Oscar in 1989), The Freshman in 1990 and Don Juan DeMarco in 1995. A Dry White Season was created in 1989 by Davros Films and Sundance Productions and distributed by MGM. The Freshman is a 1990 motion picture comedy starring Marlon Brando and Matthew Broderick, in which Brando deliberately parodies his own Don Juan DeMarco is a 1995 film starring Johnny Depp as John R In his last film, The Score (2001), he starred with fellow method actor Robert De Niro. The Score is a 2001 Crime Drama. The film's cast includes Robert De Niro as Nick Wells a professional safe cracker from Robert Mario De Niro Jr (born August 17 1943 is a two-time Academy Award -winning American Film Actor, director and producer

Brando conceived the idea of a novel called Fan-Tan with director Donald Cammell in 1979, which was not released until 2005. Donald Seaton Cammell ( January 17, 1934 – April 24, 1996) was a Scottish Film director who enjoys a Cult ^[12] Cammell dated and eventually married actor China Kong, the daughter of Anita Loo, with whom Brando had an affair. China Kong (born 1960 is an American actor writer and producer of Asian descent ^[13]

Personal life

Brando became known as much for his crusades for civil rights, Native American rights and other political causes as he was for his acting. Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States He also earned a "bad boy" reputation for his public outbursts and antics. In June 1973, Brando broke paparazzo Ron Galella's jaw. Paparazzi is a plural term ( paparazzo being the singular form for Photographers who take unstaged and/or candid photographs of Celebrities Ronald E Galella (born 1931 is an American Photographer, known as a pioneer paparazzo. His hand became infected as a result. In the following year, Galella wore a football helmet when snapping photos of Brando.

In Songs My Mother Taught Me, Brando claimed he met Marilyn Monroe at a party as she played piano, unnoticed by anybody else there, and they started an affair that lasted many years up until her death, receiving a phone call from her several days before she died. Marilyn Monroe (born Norma Jeane Mortenson, June 1 1926 &ndash August 5 1962 baptized Norma He also claimed numerous other romances, although he did not discuss his marriages, his wives, or his children in his autobiography.

He married actress Anna Kashfi in 1957. Anna Kashfi (born Johanna O'Callaghan on September 30 1934 is a former film actress who had a brief Hollywood career in the 1950s and is best known for having been married to Marlon Kashfi was born in Calcutta and moved to Wales at the end of the British Raj in 1947. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British She is said to have been the daughter of a Welsh steel worker of Irish descent, William O'Callaghan, who had been superintendent on the Indian State railways. However, in her book, Brando for Breakfast, she claimed that she really is half-Indian and that the press incorrectly thought that her stepfather, O'Callaghan, was her real father. She said her real father was Indian and that she was the result of an "unregistered alliance" between her parents. In 1959, Brando and Kashfi divorced following the birth of their son, Christian Brando, on May 11, 1958. Christian Brando ( May 11 1958 – January 26 2008) was the eldest child of actor Marlon Brando.

In 1960, Brando married Movita Castaneda, a Mexican actress seven years his senior; they were divorced in 1962. Maria "Movita" Castaneda (born December 4, 1917, Nogales, Arizona, United States) is a Mexican-American actress The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Castaneda had appeared in the first Mutiny on the Bounty film in 1935, some 27 years before the 1962 remake with Brando as Fletcher Christian. Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1935 film starring Charles Laughton and Clark Gable based on the Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Fletcher Christian ( September 25, 1764 &ndash October 3, 1793) was a Master's Mate on board the ''Bounty'' during Brando's behavior during the filming of Bounty seemed to bolster his reputation as a difficult star. He was blamed for a change in director and a runaway budget, though he disclaimed responsibility for either.

The Bounty experience affected Brando's life in a profound way. He fell in love with Tahiti and its people. Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the He bought a twelve island atoll, Tetiaroa, which he intended to make part environmental laboratory and part resort. Tetiaroa, one of the Society Islands, is an Atoll located 59 km (36 Tahitian beauty Tarita Teriipia, who played Fletcher Christian's love interest, became Brando's third wife on August 10, 1962. Tarita Teriipia (born December 29, 1941 in Bora Bora, French Polynesia) is a former actress of French Polynesian and Chinese Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Year 1962 ( MCMLXII) was a Common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. At just 20 years old, Tarita was 18 years younger than Brando. A 1961 article on Teriipia in the fan magazine Motion Picture described Brando's delight at how naïve and unsophisticated she was. Teriipia became the mother of two of his children. They divorced in July 1972. Brando eventually had a hotel built on Tetiaroa. It went through many redesigns due to changes demanded by Brando over the years, but is now closed. A new hotel consisting of 30 deluxe villas is due to open in 2008.

Children

• by Anna Kashfi:
  • Christian Devi Brando (aka Gary Brown)(b. Anna Kashfi (born Johanna O'Callaghan on September 30 1934 is a former film actress who had a brief Hollywood career in the 1950s and is best known for having been married to Marlon Christian Brando ( May 11 1958 – January 26 2008) was the eldest child of actor Marlon Brando. 1958 - d. 2008), died of pneumonia
• by Movita Castaneda:
  • Miko Castaneda Brando (b. Pneumonia is an inflammatory illness of the Lung. Frequently it is described as lung Parenchyma / alveolar inflammation and abnormal Maria "Movita" Castaneda (born December 4, 1917, Nogales, Arizona, United States) is a Mexican-American actress 1961)
  • Rebecca Brando Kotlinzky (b. 1966)
• by Tarita Teriipia:
  • Simon Teihotu Brando (b. Tarita Teriipia (born December 29, 1941 in Bora Bora, French Polynesia) is a former actress of French Polynesian and Chinese 1963) - the only inhabitant of Tetiaroa
  • Tarita Cheyenne Brando (b. Tetiaroa, one of the Society Islands, is an Atoll located 59 km (36 Tarita Cheyenne Brando ( February 20, 1970 – April 16, 1995) was the daughter of Marlon Brando by his third wife Tarita Teriipia 1970 - d. 1995), committed suicide
• by adoption:
  • Petra Brando-Corval (b. Adoption is the act of legally placing a child with a Parent or parents other than those to whom they were born 1972), daughter of Brando's assistant Caroline Barrett and James Clavell (aka Charles Edmund DuMaresq de Clavell)
  • Maimiti Brando (b. James Clavell, born Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell ( 10 October, 1924 – 7 September, 1994) was a British (later 1977)
  • Raiatua Brando (b. 1982)
• by his long-time housekeeper, Maria Christina Ruiz:
  • Ninna Priscilla Brando (b. 1989)
  • Myles Jonathan Brando (b. 1992)
  • Timothy Gahan Brando (b. 1994)

Sexuality

Brando's sexuality has been a matter of debate. Not only did he have numerous affairs with women (such as actress Rita Moreno), he is also claimed to have had affairs with men. Rita Moreno (born December 11, 1931) is a singer dancer and multiple award-winning actress In Gary Carey's 1976 biography The Only Contender, Brando is quoted as saying, "Like a large number of men, I, too, have had homosexual experiences, and I am not ashamed. Homosexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of the same sex or to a Homosexual orientation. " An alleged long-time lover was fellow actor Wally Cox, who was also Brando's best friend since their childhood. Wallace Maynard Cox ( December 6, 1924 – February 15, 1973) was an American comedian and actor particularly associated with the early In Darwin Porter's Brando Unzipped (2006), Brando is quoted as saying: "If Wally had been a woman, I would have married him and we would have lived happily ever after. "^[14] After Cox died, Brando kept his ashes for 30 years; they were eventually scattered with his own. Cox's third wife, Patricia Cox Shapiro, only discovered he possessed them after reading an interview in Time in which Brando is quoted as saying: "I have Wally's ashes in my house. For other uses see Time (disambiguation Time is a component of a measuring system used to sequence events to compare the durations of I talk to him all the time. " Shapiro wanted to sue, but her lawyers would not accept the case. ^[15] Another alleged lover was the French actor Christian Marquand, whom Brando named his son after. Christian Marquand ( March 15 1927 - November 22 2000) was a French director actor and screenwriter working in French cinema Porter's book details alleged affairs with Cary Grant, Rock Hudson, and Stewart Granger. Rock Hudson (November 17 1925 &ndash October 2 1985 was an American Film and Television Actor, recognised as a romantic leading man during Stewart Granger ( May 6, 1913 &ndash August 16, 1993) born James Lablache Stewart, was an English film Actor ^[16] The book also features an alleged picture of Brando performing fellatio on a male lover. Fellatio, also called fellation, is Oral sex performed upon the Penis. The validity of the photograph has yet to be substantiated. ^[17]

British tabloid The Daily Mail alleges that during the filming of A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), in the garden of Vivien Leigh's mansion, David Niven discovered Brando and Laurence Olivier swimming in the pool. The Daily Mail is a British newspaper currently published in a tabloid format A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams. Vivien Leigh Lady Olivier (5 November 1913 &ndash 8 July 1967 was an English actress. James David Graham Niven (1 March 1910 – 29 July 1983 was an English Academy Award -winning Actor probably best known for his role as the punctuality-obsessed Laurence Kerr Olivier Baron Olivier was kissing Brando. The 2006 tabloid article has an unsourced alleged quote from Niven: "I turned my back to them and went back inside to join Vivien. I'm sure she knew what was going on, but she made no mention of it. Nor did I. One must be sophisticated about such matters in life. "^[18]

Scandal involving Brando's son, Christian

In May 1990, Dag Drollet, the Tahitian lover of Brando's daughter and Christian's half-sister, Cheyenne, died of a gunshot wound, after a confrontation with a drunken Christian at the family's hilltop home above Beverly Hills. Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the Tarita Cheyenne Brando ( February 20, 1970 – April 16, 1995) was the daughter of Marlon Brando by his third wife Tarita Teriipia Christian, then 31, claimed the shooting was accidental.

After heavily publicized pre-trial proceedings, Christian pled guilty to voluntary manslaughter and use of a gun. Voluntary manslaughter is the killing of a human being in which the offender had no prior intent to kill and acted during "the heat of passion" under circumstances that A gun is a particular Weapon that propels Projectiles The projectile is generally fired through a hollow tube known as the gun's barrel. He was sentenced to 10 years. Before the sentencing, Brando delivered an hour of testimony in which he said he and his ex-wife had failed Christian. He commented softly to members of the Drollet family: "I'm sorry. . . If I could trade places with Dag, I would. I'm prepared for the consequences. " Afterward, Drollet's father said he thought Brando was acting and his son was "getting away with murder. " The tragedy was compounded in 1995, when Cheyenne, suffering from lingering effects of a serious car accident and said to still be depressed over Drollet's death, committed suicide by hanging herself in Tahiti. Tarita Cheyenne Brando ( February 20, 1970 – April 16, 1995) was the daughter of Marlon Brando by his third wife Tarita Teriipia Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the Christian Brando died of pneumonia at 49 on January 26, 2008. Events 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Cheyenne's son Tuki Brando is now the face of Versace menswear. Tuki Brando (born 1990 is a Fashion model and actor from Tahiti and currently the face of Versace menswear Gianni Versace SpA (ˈdʒɑnːi verˈsatʃe usually referred to as Versace, is an Italian clothier founded by Gianni Versace in 1978

Final years and death

Brando's notoriety, his troubled family life, and his obesity attracted more attention than his late acting career. Obesity is a condition in which excess Body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be negatively affected He also earned a reputation for being difficult on the set, often unwilling or unable to memorize his lines and less interested in taking direction than in confronting the film director with odd and childish demands. On the other hand, most other actors found him generous, funny and supportive. Although more and more reclusive in his declining years, Brando was by nature a casual and friendly man.

He also dabbled with some innovations in his last years. Brando had several patents issued in his name from the US Patent and Trademark Office, all of which are directed to a drumhead tensioning device and method, between June 2002 and November 2004. For example see U.S. Patent 6,812,392  and its equivalents.

The actor was a long-time close friend of the entertainer Michael Jackson and paid regular visits to his Neverland Ranch, resting there for weeks. Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman Value In early 2004 news program Entertainment Tonight estimated Neverland Ranch to be valued at approximately $120 million Brando also participated in the singer's solo career 30th anniversary celebration concerts in 2001, as well as starring in his 15-minute-long music video "You Rock My World" the same year. " You Rock My World " is a song by Singer-songwriter Michael Jackson. The actor's son, Miko, was Jackson's bodyguard and assistant for several years, and is also a friend of the singer. He stated "The last time my father left his house to go anywhere, to spend any kind of time. . . was with Michael Jackson. He loved it. . . [He] had a 24-hour chef, 24-hour security, 24-hour help, 24-hour kitchen, 24-hour maid service. "^[19]

On July 1, 2004, Brando died in the hospital at the age of 80. "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " The cause of his death was intentionally withheld, with his lawyer citing privacy concerns. It was later revealed that he died at UCLA Medical Center of respiratory failure brought on by pulmonary fibrosis. Respiratory failure is a medical term for inadequate Gas exchange by the Respiratory system. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, also known as cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, is a Chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with an unknown He also suffered from congestive heart failure,^[20] failing eyesight due to diabetes, and had recently been diagnosed with liver cancer. Heart failure is a Cardiac condition that occurs when a problem with the structure or function of the Heart impairs its ability to supply Diabetes mellitus (ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz or /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtəs/ /məˈlaɪtəs/ or /ˈmɛlətəs/ often referred to simply as diabetes ( Ancient Greek: grc ^[21]

Karl Malden, Brando's fellow actor in A Streetcar Named Desire, On The Waterfront, and One Eyed Jacks – the only film directed by Brando – talks on a documentary accompanying the DVD A Streetcar Named Desire about a phone call he received from Brando shortly before Brando's death. Karl Malden (born on March 22, 1912) is an American Actor of Serbian origin known for his expansive manner A distressed Brando told Malden he kept falling over. Malden wanted to come over, but Brando put him off telling him there was no point. Three weeks later Brando was dead. Shortly before his death, Brando had apparently refused permission for tubes carrying oxygen to be inserted into his lungs, which he was told was the only way to prolong his life.

Brando was cremated, his ashes scattered partly in Tahiti and partly in Death Valley. Cremation is the act of reducing a Corpse by burning, generally in a crematorium furnace or crematory fire Tahiti is the largest Island in the Windward group of French Polynesia, located in the Archipelago of Society Islands in the Death Valley is the lowest driest and hottest Valley in the United States.

In a July 2006 lawsuit filed against Michael Jackson, it was suggested that Brando had suffered from senile dementia in his final years. Michael Joseph Jackson (born August 29 1958 is an American musician entertainer and businessman Dementia (from Latin de- "apart away" + Mens ( genitive mentis) "mind" is the progressive decline

In 2007, a 165 minute biopic of Brando, Brando: The Documentary, produced by Mike Medavoy (the executor of Brando's will) for TCM was released. Morris Mike Medavoy (born January 21, 1941) is an American film producer and executive co-founder of Orion Pictures (1978 former chairman Turner Classic Movies ( TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial -free classic movies mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner ^[22]

Politics

Civil rights

In 1946, Brando showed his dedication to the Jewish desire for a home land by performing in Ben Hecht’s Zionist play "A Flag is Born," which had debuted 60 years earlier. James Arthur Baldwin ( August 2, 1924 – November 30, 1987) was an American Novelist, Writer, Playwright The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom was a large political rally that took place in Washington D Ben Hecht (pronounced hekt) ( February 28, 1894 &ndash April 18, 1964) was an American screenwriter director producer playwright “A Flag Is Born” was a play promoting the creation of a Jewish State in the ancient land of Israel Brando's involvement had an impact on three of the most contentious issues of the early postwar period: the fight to establish a Jewish state, the smuggling of Holocaust survivors to Palestine, and the battle against racial segregation in the United States.

In August 1963, Brando participated in the March on Washington along with fellow celebrities Harry Belafonte, James Garner, Charlton Heston, Burt Lancaster, and Sidney Poitier. The following is a list of protest marches on Washington DC. Pre-1900 April 30, 1894 - Coxey's Army. Harold George Belafonte Jr (born March 1 1927 is an American musician actor and Social activist. James Garner (born April 7 1928 is an American Film and Emmy -award winning Television Actor. Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4 1923 &ndash April 5 2008) was an American Actor of Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster ( 2 November &ndash 20 October) was an American film Actor and star noted for his athletic physique Sir Sidney Poitier, KBE (ˈpwɑːtie born February 20, 1927) is an Oscar - Golden Globe - BAFTA - and Grammy ^[23] Brando also, along with Paul Newman, participated in the freedom rides. Paul Leonard Newman (January 26 1925 &ndash September 26 2008 was an Academy Award Freedom Rider is also a song by Traffic and later Rascal Flatts Civil Rights activists called Freedom Riders rode in interstate buses

In the aftermath of the 1968 slaying of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , Marlon Brando made one of the strongest commitments to furthering Dr. King’s work. Shortly after Dr. King’s death, Brando announced that he was bowing out of the lead role of a major film (The Arrangement) which was about to begin production, in order to devote himself to the civil rights movement. “I felt I’d better go find out where it is; what it is to be black in this country; what this rage is all about”, Brando said on the late night ABC-TV Joey Bishop Show. Brando further declared: “If the vacuum formed by Dr. King’s death isn’t filled with concern and understanding and a measure of love, then I think we all are really going to be lost here in this country. ”

The actor’s participation in the African-American civil rights movement actually began well before King's death. In the early 1960s Brando contributed thousands of dollars to both the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and to a scholarship fund established for the children of slain Mississippi NAACP leader Medgar Evers. By this time, Brando was already involved in films that carried messages about human rights: “Sayonara”, which addressed interracial romance, and the “The Ugly American“, depicting the conduct of US officials abroad and its deleterious effect on the citizens of foreign countries. The Ugly American is the title of a 1958 political novel by Eugene Burdick and William Lederer. For a time Brando was also donating money to the Black Panther Party and considered himself a friend of founder Bobby Seale. The Black Panther Party (originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a Marxist / Maoist African-American organization established Robert George "Bobby" Seale (born October 22, 1936 in Dallas Texas) is an American Civil rights activist who along However, Brando ended his financial support for the group over his perception of its increasing radicalization, specifically a passage in a Panther pamphlet put out by Eldridge Cleaver advocating indiscriminate violence, "for the Revolution". Eldridge Cleaver ( August 31, 1935 &ndash May 1, 1998) was an Author, a prominent American Civil rights leader

Outside of his film work, Brando not only appeared before the California Assembly in support of a fair housing law, but personally joined picket lines in demonstrations protesting discrimination in housing developments.

Accusations of Jewish stereotyping

After the publication of an interview in Playboy magazine in January 1979, Brando was accused of anti-Semitism in regard to his opinion on double-standards set by Jews in Hollywood: "You've seen every single race besmirched, but you never saw an [unfavorable] image of the kike because the Jews were ever so watchful for that—and rightly so. Playboy is an American Men's magazine, founded in Chicago Illinois, by Hugh Hefner and his associates which has grown into Playboy They never allowed it to be shown on screen. The Jews have done so much for the world that, I suppose, you get extra disappointed because they didn't pay attention to that. "^[24]

Brando made similar allegations on Larry King Live in April 1996, saying "Hollywood is run by Jews; it is owned by Jews, and they should have a greater sensitivity about the issue of — of people who are suffering. United States cinema has had a profound effect on cinema across the world since the early 20th century PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Because they've exploited — we have seen the — we have seen the Nigger and Greaseball, we've seen the Chink, we've seen the slit-eyed dangerous Jap, we have seen the wily Filipino, we've seen everything but we never saw the Kike. Nigger is a Noun in the English language, most notable for its usage in a derogatory context to refer to Black people, and also as an informal The following is a list of ethnic slurs that are or have been used as insinuations or allegations about members of a given Ethnicity or to refer to them in a derogatory (critical Chink is an Ethnic slur for any person of Chinese descent It is also commonly used to insult people of general East Asian descent Jap is an English abbreviation of the word " Japanese " Today it is regarded as an Ethnic slur, though English-speaking countries differ in the degree they Filipinos or the Filipino people are the citizens of the Philippines. For other meanings see Kike (disambiguation. In modern English language the word kike (IPA /ˈkаɪk/ is a Pejorative Ethnic Because they knew perfectly well, that that is where you draw the wagons around. " King replied, "When you say — when you say something like that you are playing right in, though, to anti-Semitic people who say the Jews are — " at which point Brando interrupted, "No, no, because I will be the first one who will appraise the Jews honestly and say 'Thank God for the Jews. '"

Awards and nominations

Academy Awards 1954: Best Actor, On the Waterfront 1972: Best Actor, The Godfather[25] Nominations: 1951: Best Actor, A Streetcar Named Desire 1952: Best Actor, Viva Zapata! 1953: Best Actor, Julius Caesar 1957: Best Actor, Sayonara 1973: Best Actor, Last Tango in Paris 1989: Best Supporting Actor, A Dry White Season BAFTA Awards 1953: Best Foreign Actor, Viva Zapata! 1954: Best Foreign Actor, Julius Caesar 1955: Best Foreign Actor, On the Waterfront Nominations: 1973: Best Actor, The Nightcomers 1973: Best Actor, The Godfather 1974: Best Actor, Last Tango In Paris 1989: Best Supporting Actor, A Dry White Season

Emmy Awards 1979: Outstanding Supporting Actor - Miniseries/Movie, Roots: The Next Generations Golden Globe Awards 1955: Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, On the Waterfront 1973: Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, The Godfather Nominations 1957: Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical/Comedy, The Teahouse of the August Moon 1958: Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, Sayonara 1964: Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, The Ugly American 1990: Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture, A Dry White Season Cannes Film Festival 1954: Best Actor - Viva Zapata!

Filmography

Main article: Marlon Brando filmography

Further reading

• Bain, David Haward. On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed A Streetcar Named Desire is a film adaptation of the play of the same name by Tennessee Williams. For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by Julius Caesar is an MGM film adaptation of the play by Shakespeare, directed by Joseph L Sayonara ( 1957) is a Film which tells the story of an American Air Force flier who was a fighter "Ace" during the Last Tango in Paris ( Ultimo Tango a Parigi) is a 1973 film directed by Italian Bernardo Bertolucci which tells the story of A Dry White Season was created in 1989 by Davros Films and Sundance Productions and distributed by MGM. For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Last Tango in Paris ( Ultimo Tango a Parigi) is a 1973 film directed by Italian Bernardo Bertolucci which tells the story of A Dry White Season was created in 1989 by Davros Films and Sundance Productions and distributed by MGM. Roots The Next Generations is a 1979 television miniseries that continues the story of the family of Alex Haley from the time of Reconstruction On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Sayonara ( 1957) is a Film which tells the story of an American Air Force flier who was a fighter "Ace" during the The Ugly American is the title of a 1958 political novel by Eugene Burdick and William Lederer. A Dry White Season was created in 1989 by Davros Films and Sundance Productions and distributed by MGM. For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by The filmography of Marlon Brando Complete Filmography Upcoming BloodSweat& Brando (2008 (archive footage The Old Iron Road: An Epic of Rails, Roads, and the Urge to Go West. New York: Penguin Books, 2004. ISBN 0-14303-526-6.
• Bosworth, Patricia. Marlon Brando. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2001. ISBN 0-297-84284-6.
• Brando, Marlon, and Donald Cammell. Fan-Tan. New York: Knopf, 2005. ISBN 1-40004-471-5.
• Brando, Marlon with Lindsey, Robert. Brando: Songs My Mother Taught Me. Songs My Mother Taught Me is the title of an Autobiography written by Marlon Brando with Robert Lindsey as co-author in 1995. New York: Random House, 1994. ISBN 0-67941-013-9.
• Porter, Darwin. Brando Unzipped. New York: Blood Moon, 2006. ISBN 0-9748-1182-3.

References

External links

• Marlon Brando at the Internet Movie Database
• Marlon Brando at the TCM Movie Database
• Marlon Brando at the Internet Broadway Database
• Marlon Brando at FindaGrave
• Official Website of Marlon Brando
• The Oddfather, Rolling Stone, Jod Kaftan, April 25, 2002
• Marlon Brando: The Actor's Actor
• Quotes from an interview with Newsweek March 13,1972
• Court TV: Christian Brando: A Hollywood Family Tragedy
• Premiere: Remembering Brando
• Vanity Fair: The King Who Would Be Man by Budd Schulberg. Turner Classic Movies ( TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial -free classic movies mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner The Internet Broadway Database ( IBDB) is an online Database of Broadway theatre productions and their personnel Rolling Stone is a United States -based Magazine devoted to Music, Politics, and Popular culture that is published Events 1607 - Eighty Years' War: The Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. Budd Schulberg (born March 27 1914, in New York City, New York) is an American Screenwriter and Novelist.

Obituaries

• Marlon Brando, Oscar-Winning Actor, Is Dead at 80
• Obituary from The Washington Post
• Obituary at Slate
• MSNBC: Marlon Brando dies in Los Angeles hospital
• Long article on auction of Brando's possessions at The Observer (UK)

Awards
Preceded by None	BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role 1952 for Viva Zapata! 1953 for Julius Caesar 1954 for On the Waterfront	Succeeded by Ernest Borgnine for Marty
Preceded by Michael Redgrave for The Browning Version	Best Actor Award - Cannes Film Festival 1952 for Viva Zapata!	Succeeded by Charles Vanel for The Wages of Fear
Preceded by Burt Lancaster for From Here to Eternity	NYFCC Award for Best Actor 1954 for On the Waterfront	Succeeded by Ernest Borgnine for Marty
Preceded by Spencer Tracy for The Actress	Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama 1955 for On the Waterfront	Succeeded by Ernest Borgnine for Marty
Preceded by Gene Hackman for The French Connection	Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama 1973 for The Godfather	Succeeded by Al Pacino for Serpico

Persondata
NAME	Brando, Marlon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Brando, Marlon, Jr. The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role has been presented to its winners since 1952 and actors of all nationalities are For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by Julius Caesar is an MGM film adaptation of the play by Shakespeare, directed by Joseph L On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. Ermes Effron Borgnino (born January 24 1917 better known by his stage name Ernest Borgnine, is an American Golden Globe, BAFTA and Academy Marty is a low-budget 1955 love story directed by Delbert Mann, starring Ernest Borgnine in the title role and Betsy Sir Michael Scudamore Redgrave CBE ( 20 March, 1908 — 21 March, 1985) was an English actor author director and The Browning Version is a play by Terence Rattigan, first performed on September 8, 1948 at the Phoenix Theatre, London The Best Actor Award ( French: Prix d'interprétation masculine) is an award presented at the Cannes Film Festival. The Cannes Film Festival (le Festival de Cannes founded in 1946 is one of the world's oldest most influential and prestigious Film festivals alongside Venice, For the 7 Year Bitch album please see ¡Viva Zapata!. Viva Zapata! is a 1952 Biographical film directed by Charles-Marie Vanel, known as Charles Vanel ( August 21[[ 892]] in Rennes, France - April 15[[ 989]] in Cannes, France The Wages of Fear ( Le Salaire de la peur) is a 1953 adventure - Drama film directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot, starring Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster ( 2 November &ndash 20 October) was an American film Actor and star noted for his athletic physique From Here to Eternity is a 1953 Drama film based on the novel of the same name by James Jones. The New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor is one of the awards given by the New York Film Critics Circle to honor the finest achievements in filmmaking On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. Ermes Effron Borgnino (born January 24 1917 better known by his stage name Ernest Borgnine, is an American Golden Globe, BAFTA and Academy Marty is a low-budget 1955 love story directed by Delbert Mann, starring Ernest Borgnine in the title role and Betsy Spencer Tracy ( April 5, 1900 – June 10, 1967) was a two-time Academy Award -winning Actor of stage and The Actress ( is a Drama film based on Ruth Gordon 's Autobiographical play Years Ago. The Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture - Drama was first awarded by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association as a separate category in 1951 On the Waterfront is a American Drama film about mob violence and corruption among longshoremen. Ermes Effron Borgnino (born January 24 1917 better known by his stage name Ernest Borgnine, is an American Golden Globe, BAFTA and Academy Marty is a low-budget 1955 love story directed by Delbert Mann, starring Ernest Borgnine in the title role and Betsy Eugene Allen "Gene" Hackman (born January 30, 1930) is a two-time Academy Award -winning American actor and author For other uses see The French Connection. The French Connection is a 1971 Hollywood Crime film directed The Godfather is a 1972 Crime drama film based on the 1969 novel of the same name by Mario Puzo and directed Alfredo James “Al” Pacino (born April 25 1940 is an Academy - BAFTA - Golden Globe - Emmy - & Screen Actors Guild Award-Winning Serpico is a 1973 American Crime film directed by Sidney Lumet (full name)
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Actor
DATE OF BIRTH	April 3, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH	Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.
DATE OF DEATH	July 1, 2004
PLACE OF DEATH	Los Angeles, California, U.S.

Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Nebraska ( is a state located on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States and The United States of America —commonly referred to as the "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the

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