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Marlene Dietrich

From the trailer for A Foreign Affair (1948)
Born Marie Magdalene Dietrich
December 27, 1901(1901-12-27)
Berlin-Schöneberg, Germany
Died May 6, 1992 (aged 90)
Paris, France
Years active 1919 - 1984
Spouse(s) Rudolf Sieber (1924-1976)
Official website

Marlene Dietrich IPA: [maɐˈleːnə ˈdiːtrɪç]; (December 27, 1901 – May 6, 1992) was a German-born American actress, singer and entertainer. A Foreign Affair is a 1948 film directed by Billy Wilder, starring Marlene Dietrich, Jean Arthur and John Lund. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Schöneberg is a locality of Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a separate borough including the locality of Friedenau. The German Empire is the name commonly used in English to describe Germany from 1871 to 1918 when it was a semi- Constitutional monarchy: beginning with the Unification Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. The year 1919 in film involved some significant events Events February 5 - Charlie Chaplin, Mary Pickford, Douglas Events The Walt Disney Company founds Touchstone Pictures to release movies with subject matter deemed inappropriate for the Disney name Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An actor, actress, player or thespian (see terminology) is a person who Acts in a Dramatic production and who works See also Entertainment (disambiguation and The Entertainer (disambiguation Entertainment is an activity designed to give people She is considered to be the first German actress to flourish in Hollywood.

She managed to remain popular by continually re-inventing herself through her long lasting career. During the 1920s she began her work as a cabaret singer, chorus girl and film actress in Berlin. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. In the 1930s, she became a Hollywood actress, a World War II frontline entertainer, and lastly an international stage show performer from the 1950s to the 1970s. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including She accomplished the great achievement of managing to become an entertainment icon of the 20th century by the end of her career.

Contents

Biography

Childhood

Dietrich was born Marie Magdalene Dietrich on December 27, 1901 in Schöneberg, a district of Berlin, Germany. Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Schöneberg is a locality of Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a separate borough including the locality of Friedenau. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. She was the younger of two daughters (her sister Elisabeth being a year older) of Louis Erich Otto Dietrich and Wilhelmina Elisabeth Josephine Dietrich (née Felsing). Dietrich's mother was from a well-to-do Berlin family who owned a clockmaking firm and her father was a police lieutenant who had served in the Franco-Prussian War. The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War ( 19 July, 1870 — 10 May, 1871 Her father died in 1907. His best friend, Eduard von Losch, a first lieutenant in the Grenadiers courted Wilhelmina and eventually married her in 1916, but he died soon after as a result of injuries sustained during World War I. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All

Von Losch never officially adopted the Dietrich children, hence Dietrich's surname was never von Losch, as is sometimes claimed. She was nicknamed "Lene" (pronounced Lay-na) within the family. Around the age of 11, she contracted her two first names to form the then-unusual name, Marlene.

Dietrich attended the Auguste Victoria School for Girls from 1906 to 1918. She studied the violin and became interested in the theatre and poetry as a teenager. Her dreams of becoming a concert violinist were cut short when she injured her wrist.

Berlin in the 1920s: Early career

In 1921, Dietrich auditioned unsuccessfully for theatrical director and impressario Max Reinhardt's drama academy; however, she soon found herself working in his theatres as a chorus girl and playing small roles in dramas, without attracting any special attention at first. Max Reinhardt ( September 9, 1873 - October 30, 1943) was an Austrian (later naturalised American) theatre and film

Dietrich made her film debut playing a bit part in the 1922 film, So sind die Männer. A bit part is a supporting acting role with at least one line of dialogue She met her future husband, Rudolf Sieber, on the set of another film made that year, Tragödie der Liebe.

Dietrich and Sieber were married in May 1923. Her only child, daughter Maria Elisabeth Sieber, was born in 1924.

Dietrich continued to work on stage and in film both in Berlin and Vienna throughout the 1920s. The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada On stage, she had roles of varying importance in Frank Wedekind's Pandora's Box, William Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew and A Midsummer Night's Dream as well as George Bernard Shaw's Back to Methuselah and Misalliance. Benjamin Franklin Wedekind ( Hannover July 24, 1864 &ndash Munich March 9, 1918) usually known as Frank Wedekind Pandora's Box (1904 ( Die Büchse der Pandora) is a play by the German Dramatist Frank Wedekind. William Shakespeare ( baptised The Taming of the Shrew is an early comedy by William Shakespeare believed to have been written between 1590 and 1594 A Midsummer Night's Dream is a romantic comedy by William Shakespeare, suggested by " The Knight's Tale " from George Bernard Shaw ( (26 July 1856 &ndash 2 November 1950 was an Irish Playwright. Back to Methuselah (A Metabiological Pentateuch, by George Bernard Shaw consists of a preface ( An Infidel Half Century) and a series of five plays Misalliance is a play written in 1909–1910 by George Bernard Shaw. It was in musicals and revues, such as Broadway, Es Liegt in der Luft and Zwei Krawatten, however, that she attracted the most attention.

By the late 1920s, Dietrich was also playing sizable parts on screen - the most notable films being Café Electric (1927), Ich küsse Ihre Hand, Madame (1928) and Das Schiff der verlorenen Menschen (1929).

In 1929, Dietrich landed the breakthrough role of Lola-Lola, a cabaret singer who causes the downfall of a hitherto respected schoolmaster, in UFA's production, The Blue Angel (1930). Universum Film AG, better known as Ufa or UFA, was the principal film studio in Germany, home of the German film industry during the Weimar Republic The Blue Angel ( Der blaue Engel) is a film directed by Josef von Sternberg in 1930, based on Heinrich Mann 's novel Professor The film was directed by Josef von Sternberg, who thereafter took credit for having "discovered" Dietrich. Josef von Sternberg aka Jonas Sternberg ( 29 May 1894, Vienna, Austria &ndash 22 December 1969, Los The film is also noteworthy for having introduced Dietrich's signature song "Falling in Love Again". "Falling in Love Again (Can't Help It" is the English language name for a 1930 song composed by Frederick Hollander as "Ich bin von Kopf

Film star

From the trailer for Morocco (1930)
From the trailer for Morocco (1930)
From the trailer for Stage Fright (1950)
From the trailer for Stage Fright (1950)

On the strength of The Blue Angel's success, and with encouragement and promotion from von Sternberg, who was already established in Hollywood, Dietrich then moved to the U. Morocco is a 1930 film in which a Foreign Legionnaire meets and falls in love with a sultry seductress Stage Fright is a 1950 Hitchcock Crime film starring Jane Wyman, Marlene Dietrich, Michael Wilding, and S. on contract to Paramount. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. The studio sought to market Dietrich as a German answer to MGM's Swedish sensation, Greta Garbo. Greta Garbo ( 18 September 1905 &ndash 15 April 1990) was a Swedish-American actress during Hollywood 's Her first American film, Morocco, directed by von Sternberg, earned Dietrich her only Oscar nomination. Morocco is a 1930 film in which a Foreign Legionnaire meets and falls in love with a sultry seductress "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film.

Dietrich's most lasting contribution to film history was as the star of a series of six films directed by von Sternberg at Paramount between 1930 and 1935: Morocco, Dishonored, Shanghai Express, Blonde Venus, The Scarlet Empress, and The Devil is a Woman. Morocco is a 1930 film in which a Foreign Legionnaire meets and falls in love with a sultry seductress Dishonored is a 1931 romantic Spy film made by Paramount Pictures. Shanghai Express is an American 1932 film directed by Josef von Sternberg. Blonde Venus is a 1932 Drama film starring Marlene Dietrich and Cary Grant. The Scarlet Empress is a 1934 Historical drama film made by Paramount Pictures about the life of Catherine the Great (Catherine In Hollywood, von Sternberg worked very effectively with Dietrich to create the image of a glamorous femme fatale. A femme fatale (plural femmes fatales) is an alluring and seductive woman whose charms ensnare her lovers in bonds of irresistible desire often leading them into He encouraged her to lose weight and coached her intensively as an actress – she, in turn, was willing to trust him and follow his sometimes imperious direction in a way that a number of other performers resisted. A crucial part of the overall effect was created by von Sternberg's exceptional skill in lighting and photographing Dietrich to optimum effect — the use of light and shadow, including the impact of light passed through a veil or slatted blinds (as for example in Shanghai Express) — which, when combined with scrupulous attention to all aspects of set design and costumes, make this series of films among the most visually stylish in cinema history. Shanghai Express is an American 1932 film directed by Josef von Sternberg. Critics still debate vigorously how much of the credit belonged to von Sternberg and how much to Dietrich, but most would agree that neither consistently reached such heights again after Paramount fired von Sternberg and the two ceased to work together. [1]

Without von Sternberg, Dietrich was labeled "box office poison" after her 1937 film, Knight Without Armour, proved an expensive flop. A box office is a place where tickets are sold to the public for Admission to a venue Knight Without Armour is a 1937 historical English Drama film made by London Films and distributed by United Artists In 1939, however, her stardom revived when she played the cowboy saloon girl Frenchie in the light-hearted western Destry Rides Again opposite James Stewart. The Western is a fiction Genre seen in Film, Television, Radio, Literature, Painting and other Visual arts. Destry Rides Again is a 1939 western directed by George Marshall starring Marlene Dietrich, James Stewart, Mischa Auer James Maitland Stewart (20 May 1908 – 2 July 1997 popularly known as Jimmy Stewart, was an American Film and stage Actor The movie also introduced another favorite song, "See What the Boys in the Back Room Will Have. " She played a similar role in 1942 with John Wayne in The Spoilers. John Wayne ( May 26, 1907 &ndash June 11, 1979) was an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award -winning American

While Dietrich arguably never fully regained her former screen glory, she continued performing in the movies, including appearances for such distinguished directors as Billy Wilder, Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles, in successful films that included A Foreign Affair, Witness for the Prosecution, Touch of Evil, Judgment at Nuremberg, and Stage Fright. Billy Wilder ( June 22, 1906 – March 27, 2002) was an Austrian born Jewish - American Journalist Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock, KBE (13 George Orson Welles (May 6 1915 – October 10 1985 was an Academy Award -winning director, writer actor and producer for film stage radio and television A Foreign Affair is a 1948 film directed by Billy Wilder, starring Marlene Dietrich, Jean Arthur and John Lund. Witness for the Prosecution is a 1957 Crime film based on a short story (and later play) by Agatha Christie dealing with Touch of Evil ( 1958) is a black-and-white American film written directed and co-starring Orson Welles. Judgment at Nuremberg (released in the UK as Judgement at Nuremberg) ( 1961) is a fictionalized film account of the post- World Stage Fright is a 1950 Hitchcock Crime film starring Jane Wyman, Marlene Dietrich, Michael Wilding, and

World War II

Dietrich signing a soldier's cast.
Dietrich signing a soldier's cast.

In interviews, Dietrich stated that she had been approached by representatives of the Nazi Party to return to Germany, but had turned them down flat. The, officially National Socialist German Workers' Party, ( abbreviated NSDAP) was a Political party in Germany between 1919 and 1945 Dietrich became an American citizen in 1939.

In December 1941, the U. S. entered World War II, and Dietrich became one of the first celebrities to raise war bonds. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including War bonds are a type of Savings bond used by combatant nations to help fund a war effort and as a Monetary policy for controlling Inflation from an She entertained troops on the front lines in a USO revue that included future TV pioneer Danny Thomas as her opening act. "USO" redirects here for other uses see USO (disambiguation The United Service Organizations Inc Danny Thomas ( January 6, 1912 - February 6, 1991) was an American nightclub Comedian and television and film Dietrich was known to have strong political convictions and the mind to speak them. Like many Weimar-era German entertainers, she was a staunch anti-Nazi who despised antisemitism. The term Weimar Republic ( ˈvaɪmarɐ repuˈbliːk is used by historians to signify the democratic and Republican period of Germany from 1919 to 1933 Antisemitism (alternatively spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism; also rarely known as judeophobia) is the Prejudice against or hostility

Dietrich recorded a number of anti-Nazi records in German for the OSS, including "Lili Marleen. The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. The Office of Strategic Services ( OSS) was a United States intelligence agency formed during World War II. " Lili Marleen " is a German love song which became popular on both sides during World War II. " She also played the musical saw to entertain troops. A musical saw, also called a singing saw, is the application of a Hand saw as a Musical instrument. She sang for the Allied troops on the front lines in Algeria and France, and went into Germany with Generals James M. Gavin and George S. Patton. The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers during the Second World War. Algeria ( ar [[Arabic]] الجزائر, Al Jaza'ir ælʤæˈzæːʔir Amazigh: ⴷⵥⴰⵢⴻⵔ Dzayer) officially the People's James Maurice "Jumpin' Jim" Gavin (born as James Nally Ryan; March 22, 1907 - February 23, 1990) rose to the rank of For the 19th century Scottish jurist/politician see George Patton Lord Glenalmond. When asked why she had done this, in spite of the obvious danger of being within a few kilometers of German lines, she replied, "aus Anstand" — "it was the decent thing to do. The kilometre ( American spelling: kilometer) symbol km is a unit of Length in the Metric system, equal to one thousand "

Dietrich was awarded the Medal of Freedom by the U. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is a decoration bestowed by the President of the United States and is along with the equivalent Congressional Gold Medal bestowed S. Government for her war work. She was also made a chevalier (later commandeur) of the Légion d'Honneur by the French government.

Recordings

Dietrich had a smoky and world-weary singing voice which she used to great effect in many of her films, on records and later during her world-wide concert tours. Kenneth Tynan called her voice her "third dimension. Kenneth Peacock Tynan ( 2 April 1927 - 26 July 1980) was an influential and often controversial British Theatre Critic " Ernest Hemingway thought that "if she had nothing more than her voice, she could break your heart with it. Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21 1899 — July 2 1961 was an American novelist short-story writer, and Journalist. "[2]

Dietrich’s recording career spanned over half a century. Prior to international stardom, she recorded a duet, "Wenn die Beste Freundin", with Margo Lion. This song, with its lesbian overtones, was a hit in Berlin in 1928. A lesbian is a Woman who is romantically or sexually attracted only to other women

In 1930, Dietrich recorded English and German-language selections from her film, Der Blaue Engel (The Blue Angel), for Electrola in Berlin. It was at this time that she recorded Frederick Hollander’s "Falling in Love Again (Can't Help It)" for the first time — it would become her theme song, to be sung in thousands of concerts and forever identified with her - although she personally hated it. Friedrich Hollaender ( October 18 1896 - January 18 1976) was a German composer born in London "Falling in Love Again (Can't Help It" is the English language name for a 1930 song composed by Frederick Hollander as "Ich bin von Kopf

A 1933 Parisian recording session for Polydor produced several classic tracks, including Franz Waxman’s "Allein in Einer Grossen Stadt. " Dietrich recorded "The Boys in the Back Room" from Destry Rides Again for Decca Records in 1939. Decca Records is a British Record label established in 1929 by Edward Lewis. In 1945, she recorded her version of "Lili Marleen".

Dietrich signed with Columbia Records in the 1950s, with Mitch Miller as her producer. Columbia Records is an American Record label founded in 1888 Columbia is the oldest surviving Brand name in pre-recorded sound being the first record company Mitchell William Miller (born July 4, 1911) is an American Musician, Singer, conductor, Record producer, The 1950 LP Marlene Dietrich Overseas, with Dietrich singing German translations of American songs of the World War II era, was a hit. She also recorded several duets with Rosemary Clooney; these tapped into a younger market and charted. Rosemary Clooney ( May 23, 1928 &ndash June 29, 2002) was an American Singer and actress whose warm radiant

During the 1960s, Dietrich recorded several albums and many singles, mostly with Burt Bacharach at the helm of the orchestra. Burt Bacharach (ˈbækəræk born May 12, 1928) is an American Pianist and Composer. Dietrich in London, recorded live at the Queen’s Theatre in 1964, is an enduring document of Dietrich in concert. In 1972, Dietrich taped a television special, An Evening With Marlene Dietrich — also known as I Wish You Love — at the New London Theatre in London: the concert was re-released, with bonus material, as a 75-minute DVD in 2003. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. [3]

In 1978, Dietrich's performance of the title track from her last film, Just a Gigolo, was issued as a single. She made her last recordings from her Paris apartment in 1987: spoken introductions to songs for a nostalgia album by Udo Lindenberg. Udo Lindenberg (born May 17 1946 in Gronau) is a German rock musician and composer

Asked by Maximillian Schell in his documentary, Marlene (1984), which of her own recordings were her favorites, Dietrich replied that she thought Marlene Singt Berlin-Berlin (1964) - an album featuring her singing old Berlin schlager (popular songs) - was her best-recorded work. Maximilian Schell (born December 8, 1930) is an Academy Award -winning Austrian Actor. Documentary film is a broad category of visual expression that is based on the attempt in one fashion or another to " Document " reality Marlene, also known in Germany as Marlene Dietrich - Porträt eines Mythos is a 1984 Documentary film made by Maximilian Schell

Stage and cabaret

From the early 1950s until the mid-1970s, Dietrich worked almost exclusively as a highly-paid cabaret artist, performing live in large theaters in major cities worldwide.

In 1953, Dietrich was offered a then-substantial $30,000 per week to appear live at the Sahara Hotel on the Las Vegas Strip. The Sahara Hotel and Casino is a Hotel Casino located on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada. The Las Vegas Strip (also known as The Strip) is an approximately 4 mile (6 The show was short, consisting only of a few songs associated with her. Her daringly sheer costumes, designed by Jean Louis, attracted a lot of publicity and attention. Jean Louis (born Jean Louis Berthauldt, October 5, 1907, Paris, France - - April 20, 1997, Palm Springs This engagement was so successful that she was signed to appear at the Cafė de Paris in London the following year, and her Las Vegas contracts were also renewed. It was the start of a new phase in Dietrich's career.

When Dietrich signed Burt Bacharach as her musical arranger in the mid-1950s, her show started to evolve from a mere nightclub act to a more ambitious one-woman show featuring an array of new material. Her repertoire included songs from her films as well as popular songs of the day. Bacharach's arrangements helped to disguise Dietrich's limited vocal range and allowed her to perform her songs to maximum dramatic effect.

Dietrich's return to Germany in 1960 for a concert tour elicited a mixed response. Many Germans felt she had betrayed her homeland by her actions during World War II. During her performances at Berlin's Titania Palast theatre, protesters chanted, "Marlene Go Home!" On the other hand, Dietrich was warmly welcomed by other Germans, including Berlin Mayor Willy Brandt. Willy Brandt, born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm (18 December 1913 - 8 October 1992 was a German politician Chancellor of West Germany 1969&ndash1974 The tour was an artistic triumph, but a financial failure. She also undertook a tour of Israel around the same time, which was well-received; she sang some songs in German during her concerts, including a German version of Pete Seeger's anti-war anthem "Where Have All the Flowers Gone", thus breaking the unofficial taboo against the use of German in Israel. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Peter "Pete" Seeger (born May 3 1919 is an American folk singer political Activist, and a key figure in the mid-20th century American For the 2008 documentary see Where Have All the Flowers Gone? (film " Where Have All the Flowers Gone? " is a folk

Dietrich appeared at the Edinburgh Festival, with Bacharach as conductor, in 1964 and 1965 and made appearances on Broadway twice (1967 and 1968), winning a special Tony Award for her performance. Edinburgh Festival is a collective term for several simultaneous arts and cultural Festivals which take place during August each year in Edinburgh, The Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, more commonly known as the Tony Awards, recognize achievement in live American Theatre and are presented Her costumes (body-hugging dresses covered with thousands of crystals as well as a swansdown coat), body-sculpting undergarments, careful stage lighting helped to preserve Dietrich's glamorous image well into old age.

In November 1972, a version of the show Dietrich had performed on Broadway was filmed in London. She was paid $250,000 for her cooperation, but Dietrich was unhappy with the result. The show was broadcast in the US and UK in January 1973.

Final years

Dietrich's show business career largely ended on September 29, 1975, when she broke her leg during a stage performance in Australia. Events 522 BC - Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire. Year 1975 ( MCMLXXV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. She appeared briefly in the film, Just a Gigolo, in 1979, and wrote and contributed to several books during the 1980s.

Dietrich spent her last decade mostly bedridden, in her apartment at no. 12 avenue Montaigne in Paris, during which time she was rarely seen in public but was a prolific letter-writer and phone-caller. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city It was widely assumed that Marlene had lost the ability to walk, but at this juncture of her life, she just preferred not to. Maximilian Schell persuaded Dietrich to be interviewed for his 1984 documentary Marlene, but she did not appear on screen. Maximilian Schell (born December 8, 1930) is an Academy Award -winning Austrian Actor. Marlene, also known in Germany as Marlene Dietrich - Porträt eines Mythos is a 1984 Documentary film made by Maximilian Schell She began a close friendship with the biographer David Bret, one of the few people allowed inside her Paris apartment. David Bret (born 8 November 1954 in Paris) is a French -born Author of Showbiz Biographies. Bret is thought to have been the last person outside her family that Dietrich spoke to, two days before her death: "I have called to say that I love you, and now I may die. " She was in constant contact with her daughter, who came to Paris regularly to check on her. Her husband, Rudolf Sieber, had died of cancer on June 24, 1976. Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 1976 ( MCMLXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Dietrich's gravestone in Berlin. The inscription reads "Hier steh ich an den Marken meiner Tage", (And reaching now the limit of my life), a paraphrased line from the sonnet Abschied vom Leben (Farewell from Life) by Theodor Körner.
Dietrich's gravestone in Berlin. The inscription reads "Hier steh ich an den Marken meiner Tage", (And reaching now the limit of my life), a paraphrased line from the sonnet Abschied vom Leben (Farewell from Life) by Theodor Körner. The sonnet is one of the poetic forms that can be found in Lyric poetry from Europe. Carl Theodor Körner ( September 23 1791 &ndash August 26 1813) was a German Poet and Soldier.

In an interview with the German magazine Der Spiegel in November 2005, Dietrich's daughter and grandson claim that Dietrich was politically active during these years. Der Spiegel (pronounced /deːɐ ˈʃpiːɡəl/ German for "The Mirror" is a German weekly Magazine, published in Hamburg She would keep contact with world leaders by telephone, including Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev, running up a monthly bill of over US$3,000. Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ( Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov;; born 2 March 1931 in Privolnoye Stavropol Krai) is a Russian politician The United States dollar ( sign: $; code: USD) is the unit of Currency of the United States; it has also been

Dietrich died peacefully of renal failure on May 6, 1992 at the age of 90 in Paris. Renal failure or kidney Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) A service was conducted at La Madeleine in Paris before 3,500 mourners and a crowd of well-wishers outside. L'église de la Madeleine (more formally L'église Sainte-Marie-Madeleine; less formally just La Madeleine) Madeleine Church in English is a church Her body, covered with an American flag, was then returned to Berlin, where she was interred at the Städtischer Friedhof III, Berlin-Schöneberg, Stubenrauchstraße 43-45, in Friedenau Cemetery, near her mother's grave and not far away from the house where she was born. Flags of the United States The Flag of the United States of America consists of 13 equal horizontal stripes of Red (top and bottom alternating Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Städtischer Friedhof III is a Cemetery in the Friedenau district of the borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg in Berlin, Germany. Friedenau is a locality within the borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg in Berlin, Germany.

Private life

Unlike her professional celebrity, which was carefully crafted and maintained, Dietrich's personal life was kept out of public view. She married once, to assistant director Rudolf Sieber, a Roman Catholic who later became an assistant director at Paramount Pictures in France, responsible for foreign language dubbing. Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture production and Distribution company, based in Hollywood California. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.

Dietrich's only child, Maria Elisabeth Sieber, was born in Berlin on December 13, 1924. Events 1294 - Saint Celestine V abdicates the papacy after only five months Celestine hoped to return to his previous life Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. She would later become an actress, primarily working in television, known as Maria Riva. When Maria gave birth to a son in 1948, Dietrich was dubbed "the world's most glamorous grandmother".

After Dietrich's death, Riva published an honest and highly acclaimed (pub. Alfred A. Knopf, 1993; reviewed by the New York Times, l'Express, Los Angeles Times and others) biography of her mother. The Los Angeles Times (also known as the LA Times) is a daily Newspaper published in Los Angeles California and distributed

Numerous affairs of Dietrich are known, both with the director who made her famous and with other actors and actresses, among them Brian Aherne, Maurice Chevalier, Tallulah Bankhead and John Gilbert. Brian Aherne ( May 2, 1902 – February 10, 1986) was an Oscar -nominated English Actor of both stage and screen Maurice Auguste Chevalier ( September 12, 1888 &ndash January 1, 1972) was a French Actor, Singer, and Tallulah Brockman Bankhead ( January 31, 1902 – December 12, 1968) was an American Actress, talk-show host and John Gilbert ( July 10, 1899 - January 9, 1936) was an American actor and major star of the Silent film era In 1938, she met the writer Erich Maria Remarque, in 1941, the French actor and military hero Jean Gabin. Erich Maria Remarque (Erich Paul Remark 22 June 1898 &ndash 25 September 1970) was a German author. Jean Gabin ( May 17, 1904 – November 15, 1976) was a major French actor and war hero Their relationship ended in the mid 1940s. During the 1950s, she had relationships with Edward R. Murrow and Yul Brynner. Edward R Murrow (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; April 25 1908 &ndash April 27 1965) was an American journalist Yul Brynner (July 11 1920 – October 10 1985 was a Russian born Actor of stage and film, perhaps best known for his portrayal of the She was also known to have had an affair with the Spanish writer Mercedes de Accosta. Her husband and his mistress, with whom she stayed in touch, lived on a small ranch in the San Fernando Valley, California. California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean.

Actor Klaus Kinski depicted her as a lesbian in his autobiography Kinski: All I Need Is Love. Klaus Kinski ( October 18, 1926 &ndash November 23, 1991) was a German Actor, famous for his ability to project onscreen For this reason, the book was withdrawn from circulation until her death. According to Werner Herzog's documentary My Best Fiend on his relationship with Kinski, the latter's autobiography was largely fabricated to generate sales. Werner Herzog (born Werner H Stipetić; September 5 1942 is a German Film director, Screenwriter, actor and Opera director

Estate

On October 24, 1993, the largest portion of Dietrich's estate was sold to the Stiftung Deutsche Kinemathek — after U. S. institutions showed no interest — where it became the core of the exhibition at the Filmmuseum Berlin. The collection includes: over 3,000 textile items from the 1920s through the 1990s, including film and stage costumes as well as over a thousand items from Dietrich's personal wardrobe; 15,000 photographs, by Cecil Beaton, Horst P. Horst, George Hurrell, Lord Snowdon, Eugene Robert Richee, and Edward Steichen; 300,000 pages of documents, including correspondence with Burt Bacharach, Yul Brynner, Maurice Chevalier, Noel Coward, Jean Gabin, Ernest Hemingway, Karl Lagerfeld, Nancy and Ronald Reagan, Erich Maria Remarque, Josef von Sternberg, Orson Welles, and Billy Wilder; as well as other items like film posters and sound recordings. Sir Cecil Walter Hardy Beaton ( 14 January 1904 &ndash 18 January 1980) was an English fashion and portrait Photographer Horst P Horst, most often known as just Horst, ( August 14, 1906 – November 18, 1999) was a German American photographer George Hurrell ( June 1, 1904 - May 17, 1992) was a Photographer who made a significant contribution to the image of glamour presented Antony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones 1st Earl of Snowdon GCVO RDI (born 7 March 1930) is an English photographer and Emmy Award Edward Steichen (March 27 1879 – March 25 1973 was an American photographer, painter, and Art gallery and Museum curator born Burt Bacharach (ˈbækəræk born May 12, 1928) is an American Pianist and Composer. Yul Brynner (July 11 1920 – October 10 1985 was a Russian born Actor of stage and film, perhaps best known for his portrayal of the Maurice Auguste Chevalier ( September 12, 1888 &ndash January 1, 1972) was a French Actor, Singer, and Sir Noël Peirce Coward ( 16 December 1899 26 March 1973) was an English Actor, Playwright Jean Gabin ( May 17, 1904 – November 15, 1976) was a major French actor and war hero Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21 1899 — July 2 1961 was an American novelist short-story writer, and Journalist. Karl Lagerfeld (born Karl Ottom Lagerfeldt on September 10, 1938) is a prominent Fashion designer He has collaborated with a variety of fashion Erich Maria Remarque (Erich Paul Remark 22 June 1898 &ndash 25 September 1970) was a German author. Josef von Sternberg aka Jonas Sternberg ( 29 May 1894, Vienna, Austria &ndash 22 December 1969, Los George Orson Welles (May 6 1915 – October 10 1985 was an Academy Award -winning director, writer actor and producer for film stage radio and television Billy Wilder ( June 22, 1906 – March 27, 2002) was an Austrian born Jewish - American Journalist [4]

The contents of Dietrich's Manhattan apartment, along with other personal effects such as jewelry and items of clothing, were sold by public auction by Sotheby's (Los Angeles) on 1 November 1997. Sotheby's ( is the world's second oldest Auction house in continuous operation (the oldest being Stockholms Auktionsverk founded in 1674 [5] The apartment itself (located at 993 Park Avenue) was sold for $615 000 in 1998. Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries north and southbound traffic in New York City Borough of Manhattan [6]

Image and legacy

German stamp issued in 1997 in the Women in German history series
German stamp issued in 1997 in the Women in German history series

Dietrich never integrated into the Hollywood entertainment industry, being always an outsider for mainstream America. Her German accent gave an extra touch to her performance but made her look "foreign" in the eyes of Americans.

Dietrich was a fashion icon to the top designers as well as a screen icon that later stars would follow. She once said, "I dress for myself. Not for the image, not for the public, not for the fashion, not for men. " Her public image and some of her movies included strong sexual undertones, including bisexuality. Bisexuality refers to sexual behavior with or attraction to people of both sexes or to a bisexual orientation

A significant volume of academic literature, especially since 1975, analyzes Dietrich's image, as created by the movie industry, within various theoretical frameworks, including that of psycho-analysis. Emphasis is placed, inter alia, on the "fetishistic" manipulation of the female image. [7]

In 1992, a plaque was unveiled at Leberstraße 65 in Berlin-Schöneberg, the site of Dietrich's birth.

A postage stamp bearing Dietrich's portrait was issued in Germany on 14 August 1997. A postage stamp is an adhesive paper evidence of pre-paying a fee for postal services

Luxury pen manufacturer MontBlanc produced a limited edition 'Marlene Dietrich' pen to commemorate Dietrich's life. Montblanc International GmbH is a German manufacturer of Writing instruments watches and accessories often identified by their famous "White Star" The term special edition ( deluxe edition and collector's edition are also used is a term generally used as a Marketing incentive for various kinds of products It is platinum-plated and has an encrusted deep blue sapphire. Platinum (ˈplætɪnəm is a Chemical element with the Atomic symbol Pt and an Atomic number of 78 Sapphire (antique greek hyacinthos refers to gem varieties of the mineral Corundum, an Aluminium oxide (Al2O3 when it is a color other than

After some controversy, it was decided not to name a street after Dietrich in Berlin-Schöneberg, her birthplace. [8] Rather, on November 8, 1997, the Marlene-Dietrich-Platz was unveiled in Berlin to honor Dietrich. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar

Dietrich was made an honorary citizen of Berlin on 16 May 2002.

Pop culture references

"You talk like Marlene Dietrich,"

Filmography

Discography (selected)

Albums

Singles (selected)

Compilations (selected)

Radio

Notable appearances include:

Dietrich made several appearances on AFRS shows like The Army Hour and Command Performance during the war years. Lux Radio Theater, one of the genuine classic radio Anthology series (NBC Blue Network (1934-1935 CBS (1935-1954 NBC The Screen Guild Theater was a popular radio Anthology series during the Golden Age of Radio broadcast from 1939 until 1952 with leading Hollywood This article is about a radio and television series For the site of the assassination of U Events 293 BC - The oldest known Roman temple to Venus is founded starting the institution of Vinalia Rustica. Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. American Forces Network (or AFN) is the brand name used by the United States Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS for its entertainment In 1952, she had her own series on ABC entitled, Cafe Istanbul. The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC) is an American Television network. During 1953 - 1954, she starred in 38 episodes of Time for Love on CBS. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. She recorded 94 short inserts, "Dietrich Talks on Love and Life", for NBC's Monitor in 1958. The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC) is an American Television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York City's

Dietrich gave many radio interviews worldwide on her concert tours. In 1960, her show at the Tuschinski in Amsterdam was broadcast live on Dutch radio. Pathé Tuschinski is a movie theater in the Netherlands, in Amsterdam, originally exploited by Abraham Icek Tuschinski, who had it built in 1921 Her 1962 appearance at the Olympia in Paris was also broadcast. Paris Olympia is a Music hall at 28 Blvd des Capucines in the 9th arrondissement Paris, France.

Television

Complete list of television appearances (excluding news footage):

Further reading

Books by Dietrich

Biographies

References

  1. ^ See, for example, the entries for Dietrich and von Sternberg in David Thompson, "A Biographical Dictionary of the Cinema. "
  2. ^ Ernest Hemingway’s Letters to Actress Marlene Dietrich to be Made Available for the First Time by JFK Library. Retrieved on 2007-05-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  3. ^ [1]I Wish You Love Production Schedule
  4. ^ Marlene Dietrich: Berlin. Retrieved on 2007-05-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  5. ^ BBC News: Dietrich fans scramble to pick up actress's treasures. Retrieved on 2007-05-18. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1152 - Henry II of England marries Eleanor of Aquitaine.
  6. ^ "Recent Transactions in the Real Estate Market" (New York Observer).
  7. ^ academy award - bookforum.com / in print
  8. ^ [2]The German-Hollywood Connection: Dietrich's Street
  9. ^ Suzanne Vega: Marlene on the Wall
  10. ^ Tori Amos: Here In My Head (Lyrics: Marlene Dietrich's Favourite Poem
  11. ^ Aliens IMDB Page: Movie References
  12. ^ The Rock and Roll Report: "Cover Story – Queen - Queen II, art direction and photography by Mick Rock"
  13. ^ Superseventies: David Bowie - Hunky Dory

External links


Persondata
NAME Dietrich, Marlene
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dietrich, Maria Magdalene (full name)
SHORT DESCRIPTION actor and singer
DATE OF BIRTH December 27, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin-Schöneberg, Germany
DATE OF DEATH May 6, 1992
PLACE OF DEATH Paris, France

The Internet Broadway Database ( IBDB) is an online Database of Broadway theatre productions and their personnel Turner Classic Movies ( TCM) is a cable television channel featuring commercial -free classic movies mostly from the Turner Entertainment and Warner Find A Grave is a Website allowing its users to access maintain and expand an online Database of Burial records Events 537 - The Hagia Sophia is completed 1512 - The Spanish Crown issues the Laws of Burgos, governing the Year 1901 ( MCMI) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. Schöneberg is a locality of Berlin. Until Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it was a separate borough including the locality of Friedenau. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 1527 - Spanish and German troops sack Rome; some consider this the end of the Renaissance. Year 1992 ( MCMXCII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar) Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city
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