Mark Wayne Clark
May 1, 1896(1896-05-01) – April 17, 1984 (aged 87)
Place of birth	Madison Barracks, Sackets Harbor, New York
Place of death	Charleston, South Carolina
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1917 - 1953
Rank	General
Commands held	Fifth U.S. Army 15th Army Group United Nations Command (Korea)
Battles/wars	World War I World War II Korean War
Awards	Distinguished Service Cross Distinguished Service Medal
Other work	The Citadel, President

Mark Wayne Clark (May 1, 1896 – April 17, 1984) was an American general during World War II and the Korean War. Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) Sackets Harbor is a Village in Jefferson County, New York, United States. Charleston is a city in Charleston county in the US state of South Carolina. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The United States Army is a military organization whose primary mission is to "provide necessary forces and capabilities. In the United States Army, United States Air Force, and United States Marine Corps, general is a four-star General officer rank The United States Army North, formerly known as the Fifth United States Army was a field army of the United States Army. The United Nations Command (Korea is the unified command structure for the multinational military forces supporting the Republic of Korea (South Korea or ROK during and after World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC is the second highest military decoration that can be awarded to a member of the United States Army, awarded for extreme The Distinguished Service Medal is the highest non-valorous military and civilian decoration of the United States of America military which is issued for exceptionally meritorious History On December 20, 1842, the South Carolina Legislature passed an act establishing the South Carolina Military Academy with the original mission Events 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year Events 69 - After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. Year 1984 ( MCMLXXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1984 Gregorian calendar) The United States of America —commonly referred to as the World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the

Early life and career

Clark was born in Madison Barracks, Sackets Harbor, New York, but spent much of his youth in Illinois. Sackets Harbor is a Village in Jefferson County, New York, United States. New York ( is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States and is the nation's third most populous The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. He was a possible cousin of General George Marshall. George Catlett Marshall Jr (December 31 1880 &ndash October 16 1959 was an American military leader Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of

Clark graduated from West Point in 1917. "USMA" redirects here For other uses see USMA (disambiguation The United States Military Academy (also known as USMA, He had gained an early appointment to the military academy, but lost time from illnesses. He was appointed to the rank of captain in the infantry in 1917 and served in France during World War I in the U.S. 11th Infantry, where he was wounded. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All

Between the wars, Clark served as a deputy commander of the Civilian Conservation Corps district in Omaha, Nebraska. Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC) was a Work relief program for young men from unemployed families established on March 21, 1933, by U He attended the Command and General Staff School in 1935 and the Army War College in 1937. The Command and General Staff College ( C&GSC) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas is a United States Army facility that functions as a Graduate school The United States Army War College is a United States Army school located in Carlisle Pennsylvania, on the 500 acre (2 km² campus of the historic Carlisle Clark had retained his World War I rank of Captain following the armistice and was promoted to Major in 1932. Major Clark was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel in 1940, and in August of 1941 was promoted two grades to temporary Brigadier General, and received further promotion to temporary Major General less than a year later.

World War II

In 1940 Clark was a Lieutenant Colonel assigned to Fort Lewis, Washington. Please see " Lieutenant Colonel " for other countries which use this rank In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps Fort Lewis is a Census-designated place and United States Army post located in Pierce County Washington, United States. In August 1941 at the request of George C. Marshall, Clark was named assistant chief of staff for operations of the general headquarters, U. George Catlett Marshall Jr (December 31 1880 &ndash October 16 1959 was an American military leader Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of S. Army, and a month after the American entry into the war, Clark was appointed deputy chief of staff of Army Ground Forces, and less than six months later, chief of staff. In October 1942, Clark became deputy commander in chief of the Allied Forces in the North African Theater and subsequently planned the invasion of North Africa known as Operation Torch. Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast) was the British - American invasion of French North Africa in World War II Part of the planning of the invason involved him sneaking into North Africa by submarine weeks before the invasion to negotiate with the Vichy French at Cherchell on October 21–22, 1942. Operation Flagpole See also Operation Flagpole Seraph first saw action in support of Operation Torch, the Allied landings in North Vichy France, or the Vichy regime are the common terms used to describe the government of France from July 1940 to August 1944 Cherchell (older Cherchel) is a seaport town in the Province of Tipaza, Algeria, 55 Miles West of Algiers.

After his negotiations with the Vichy French at Cherchell, Major General Clark was promoted to temporary Lieutenant-General in November 1942 and was subsequently given command of the Fifth U.S. Army shortly before the invasion of Italy (Operation Avalanche) in September 1943. The United States Army North, formerly known as the Fifth United States Army was a field army of the United States Army. The near-failure of the landings at Salerno has been blamed on Clark's poor planning. Salerno is a town in southern Italy, capital of the province of the same name in the region of Campania. ^[1] Clark commanded the bombing destruction of the Abbey of Monte Cassino during the battle of Monte Cassino, February 15, 1944. For information about the World War II battle see the Battle of Monte Cassino. Monte Cassino has made it the repeated scene of battles and Sieges from antiquity. ^[2] Clark's conduct of operations remains controversial, particularly his actions during the Battle of the Winter Line, when, ignoring orders from his Army Group Commander, the British Harold Alexander, he sent his tired units towards Rome, which was captured on 4 June 1944 (two days before the Normandy landings), rather than exploiting the gap in the German positions to entrap and capture German units. The Winter Line was a series of German Military Fortifications in Italy, constructed during World War II by Organisation Todt Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis KG OM GCB GCMG CSI DSO In December 1944 Clark succeeded Harold Alexander in command of the 15th Army Group, putting him in command of all Allied ground troops in Italy, which resembled more a United Nations coalition - a hodgepodge of diverse cultures with conflicting interests. Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis KG OM GCB GCMG CSI DSO ^[3]

He was promoted to general on March 10, 1945 and at the war's end Clark was Commander of Allied Forces in Italy and, later, U. S. High Commissioner of Austria. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich He served as deputy to the U. S. secretary of state in 1947, and attended the negotiations for an Austrian treaty with the Council of Foreign Ministers in London and Moscow. In June 1947, Clark returned home and assumed command of the Sixth Army, headquartered at the Presidio in San Francisco, and two years later was named chief of Army Field Forces.

Clark on board USS Ancon during the landings at Salerno, Italy, 12 September 1943. Early civilian service Ancon was launched on 24 September 1938 at Quincy Massachusetts by the Bethlehem Steel Company 's Fore River shipyard sponsored

During and after the Korean War

During the Korean war, he took over as commander of the United Nations forces on May 12, 1952, succeeding General Matthew Ridgway. The Korean War refers to a period of military conflict between North Korean and South Korean regimes with major hostilities lasting from June 25 1950 until the The United Nations ( UN) is an International organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in International law, International security Matthew Bunker Ridgway ( March 3, 1895 &ndash July 26, 1993) was a United States Army General. It was Clark who signed the cease-fire agreement with North Korea in 1953. North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia,

After retiring from the Army, General Clark served (1954 to 1966) as president of The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, in Charleston, South Carolina. History On December 20, 1842, the South Carolina Legislature passed an act establishing the South Carolina Military Academy with the original mission Charleston is a city in Charleston county in the US state of South Carolina. He wrote two volumes of memoirs: Calculated Risk (1950) and From the Danube to the Yalu (1954).

Mark Clark's quick rise from field officer through general officer ranks has been attributed to his relationship with Generals George Marshall and Dwight Eisenhower. George Catlett Marshall Jr (December 31 1880 &ndash October 16 1959 was an American military leader Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (October 14 1890 – March 28 1969 was President of the United States from 1953 until 1961 and a five-star general

Among his awards and decorations are the Distinguished Service Cross, Distinguished Service Medal, Grand Croix Légion d'honneur

Clark is buried at The Citadel. The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC is the second highest military decoration that can be awarded to a member of the United States Army, awarded for extreme This article concerns the United States Army Distinguished Service Medal History On December 20, 1842, the South Carolina Legislature passed an act establishing the South Carolina Military Academy with the original mission

An Interstate spur (I-526) connecting different suburbs in the Charleston metropolitan area and a bridge in Washington state connecting Camano Island with the mainland bear his name.

See also

• Mark Clark Expressway

Bibliography

• Mark W. Interstate 526 (abbreviated I-526) or the Mark Clark Expressway is an unfinished Beltway Interstate Highway of Interstate 26 in Clark (2007). CALCULATED RISK, The War Memoirs of a Great American General. Enigma Books. ISBN 978-1-929631-59-9.  
• Katz, Robert (2003). The Battle for Rome. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0743216425.  
• Baxter, Colin F. (1999). Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery, 1887-1976: A Selected Bibliography. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313291197.  

Notes

External links

• Historical Sound from General Clark (1946)
• Biography from the Korean War Encyclopedia
• General Mark W. Clark - TIME magazine cover of July 7, 1952
• From the Liberation of Rome to the Korean Armistice - General Mark Wayne Clark interview - 1975 Three Monkeys Online

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