Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell
Born	November 8, 1900(1900-11-08) Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Died	August 16, 1949 (aged 48) Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, U. Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Grady Memorial Hospital, frequently referred to as Grady Hospital or simply Grady, is the largest Hospital in the state of Georgia S.
Pen name	Margaret Mitchell
Occupation	novelist
Genres	Romance, Historical novel
Influenced Shana Galen

Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell Marsh (November 8, 1900 – August 16, 1949), popularly known as Margaret Mitchell was an American author, who won the Pulitzer Prize in 1937 for her novel, Gone with the Wind, published in 1936. A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a Pseudonym adopted by an Author or their publishers to conceal their identity Employment is a Contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story A literary genre is a category of literary composition Genres may be determined by Literary technique, tone, Content, or even (as in the case of fiction A romance novel is a literary Genre developed in Western culture, mainly in English-speaking countries An historical novel is a Novel in which the story is set among historical events or more generally in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the Author Shane Bolks AKA Shana Galen (her Pen name) is an American Author of contemporary fiction ( Chick lit) and Historical Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story This is about the 1936 American Novel. For the film see Gone with the Wind (film Gone with the Wind is a 1936 American Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The novel is one of the most popular books of all time, selling more than 30 million copies (see list of best-selling books). This page provides lists of best-selling single-volume books book series authors, and children's books to date and in any language An American film adaptation, released in 1939, became the highest-grossing film in the history of Hollywood, and received a record-breaking number of Academy Awards. Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American dramatic - romantic - War film adapted from Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. ^[1]

Contents 1 Life 2 Occupation 3 Writing Gone with the Wind 4 Historic basis 5 Publication 6 Death 7 Further reading 8 External links 9 References 9.1 tags:

Life

Margaret Mitchell was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Eugene Mitchell, a lawyer, and Mary Isabelle Stephens, a suffragist of Irish Catholic origin. The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person Suffrage (from the Latin suffragium, meaning "voting tablet" and figuratively "right to vote" probably from suffrago "hough" and originally Irish Catholics is a term used to describe people of Roman Catholic background who are Irish or of Irish descent. Mitchell's brother, Stephens, was four years her senior. She often used the nickname "Peggy. " Her childhood was spent in the laps of Civil War veterans and of her maternal relatives, who had lived through the Civil War. Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South

After graduating from Washington Seminary (now The Westminster Schools), she attended Smith College, but withdrew following her final exams in 1918. The Westminster Schools is a private secondary school in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Smith College is a private, independent women's liberal arts college located in Northampton Massachusetts. A test or an examination (or "exam" is an Assessment, often administered on paper or on the computer, intended to measure the test-takers' or She returned to Atlanta to take over the household after her mother's death earlier that year from the great Spanish flu pandemic of 1918 (Mitchell later used this pivotal scene from her own life to dramatize Scarlett's discovery of her mother's death from typhoid when Scarlett returns to Tara Plantation). The household is the basic unit of analysis in many Social, Microeconomic and Government models "Mom" "Mum" and "Mommy" redirect here Death is the termination of the biological functions that define living Organisms It refers both to a specific The 1918 flu pandemic (commonly referred to as the Spanish flu) was an Influenza Pandemic that spread to nearly every part of the world Typhoid fever, also known as enteric fever, bilious fever, Yellow Jack or commonly just typhoid, is an illness caused by the Bacterium Scarlett O'Hara (full name Katie Scarlett O'Hara Hamilton Kennedy Butler) is the Protagonist in Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 novel Gone with Tara, the Fictional Plantation found in Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 novel Gone with the Wind, was located near Jonesborough (now

Shortly afterward, she defied the conventions of her class and times by taking a job at the Atlanta Journal, where she wrote a weekly column for the newspaper's Sunday edition as one of the first woman columnists at the South's largest newspaper. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution is the only major daily Newspaper in Atlanta Georgia, USA and its suburbs. A newspaper is a written Publication containing News, information and Advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called Newsprint. Mitchell's first professional writing assignment was an interview with an Atlanta socialite, whose couture-buying trip to Italy was interrupted by the Fascist takeover. A socialite is a person who is known to be a part of fashionable Society because of his or her regular participation in social activities and fondness for spending a significant Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Fascism is a totalitarian nationalist and corporatist ideology

Mitchell married Red Upshaw in 1922, but they were divorced after it was revealed that he was a bootlegger. Rum-running is the business of Smuggling or transporting of Alcoholic beverages illegally usually to circumvent Taxation or Prohibition. She later married Upshaw's friend, John Marsh, on July 4, 1925; Marsh had been best man at her first wedding and legend has it that both men courted Mitchell in 1921 and 1922, but Upshaw proposed first. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1925 ( MCMXXV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Participants in wedding ceremonies, also known as the wedding party, include the bride and groom (or bridegroom) the maid of honor

Occupation

From 1922 to 1926, Mitchell wrote dozens of articles, interviews, sketches, and book reviews, including interviews with silent-screen star Rudolph Valentino, high-society murderer Harry K. Thaw, and a Georgia prisoner who made artificial flowers from scraps and sold them from his cell to support his family. Rudolph Valentino ( May 6, 1895 &ndash August 23, 1926) was an Italian Actor, Sex symbol, and early

She also wrote profiles of prominent Georgia Civil War generals. The first of these were so popular in Atlanta, that her editors assigned her several more. Scholars believe that it is her research for the profiles that later led her to write Gone With the Wind.

Using Mitchell's scrapbooks from the Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library at the University of Georgia, editor Patrick Allen collected 64 of the columns Mitchell considered her best work. The University of Georgia ( UGA) is a public research University located in Athens, Georgia, the oldest and largest of the They were published in 2000 under the title Margaret Mitchell, Reporter^[2].

Her portraits and personality sketches in particular show a promise of her skill to portray the kind of characters who made Gone With the Wind the second best-selling novel in history. ^[3] Even as a supposedly neutral reporter, her irrepressible personality shines through. This collection of Mitchell's journalism transcends fact-gathering, and shows Mitchell as a young woman and a compelling snapshot of life in the Jazz Age South.

Writing Gone with the Wind

Mitchell is reported to have begun writing Gone With the Wind while bedridden with a broken ankle. In Human anatomy, the ankle Joint is formed where the Foot and the leg meet Her husband, John Marsh, brought home historical books from the public library to amuse her while she recuperated. After she supposedly read all the historical books in the library, he told her, "Peggy, if you want another book, why don't you write your own?" She drew upon her encyclopedic knowledge of the Civil War and dramatic moments from her own life, and typed her epic novel on an old Remington typewriter. A typewriter is a mechanical or Electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that when pressed cause characters to be printed on a medium She originally called the heroine "Pansy O'Hara", and Tara was "Fontenoy Hall". She considered naming the novel Tote The Weary Load or Tomorrow Is Another Day. ^[4]

Mitchell wrote for her own amusement, and with solid support from her husband, kept her novel secret from her friends. She hid the voluminous pages under towels, disguising them as a divan, hid them in her closets, and under her bed. Dīvān or dīwān ( Persian دیوان was a high governmental body in a number of Islamic states or its chief official (see Diwan (title She wrote the last chapter first, and skipped around from chapter to chapter. Her husband regularly proofread the growing manuscript to help in continuity. Proofreading traditionally means reading a proof copy of a text in order to detect and correct any errors A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way By 1929, her ankle had healed, most of the book was written, and she lost interest in pursuing her literary efforts. Year 1929 ( MCMXXIX) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

While Mitchell used to say that her Gone With the Wind characters were not based on real people, modern researchers have found similarities to some of the people in her life, and people she knew or heard of. For example, the character Rhett Butler may have been modeled after her first husband. The last thing he said to her (supposedly) was, "My dear, I don't give a damn", which is what Rhett says to Scarlett before he leaves her in the book. ("Frankly" was added for the movie. )

Historic basis

On April 4, 1989, Dr. E. Lee Spence, an internationally known shipwreck expert, archaeologist, and historian, from Charleston, South Carolina, announced his discovery that Margaret Mitchell, who had claimed that her Pulitzer Prize winning novel Gone With The Wind was pure fiction, had actually taken much of her compelling story of love, greed and war from real life^[5] and that Mitchell had actually based Rhett Butler on the life of George Alfred Trenholm, a tall, handsome shipping and banking magnate from Charleston, South Carolina, who had made millions of dollars from blockade running, was accused of making off with much of the Confederate treasury, and had been thrown into prison after the Civil War. Edward Lee Spence (born 1947 in Germany is a pioneer in Underwater archaeology who studies Shipwrecks and Sunken treasure. The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, Rhett Butler is the antagonist of Gone with the Wind by Margaret Mitchell. George Alfred Trenholm ( February 25, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1876) was a prominent politician in the Confederate States of America Magnate, from the Late Latin magnas, a great man itself from Latin magnus 'great' designates a noble or other man in a high social position A blockade runner is a term applied to ships used to evade a naval Blockade of a harbor or strait as opposed to confronting the blockaders to break the blockade ^[6][7] Spence's literary discovery that had its roots in his prior discoveries of some of Trenholm's wrecked blockade runners made international news. ^[8]

In his book, Treasures of the Confederate Coast: The "Real Rhett Butler" and Other Revelations, Dr. Spence reveals what the editors of Life magazine called "overwhelming evidence" that Trenholm was the historical basis for Mitchell's romantic sea captain. George Alfred Trenholm ( February 25, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1876) was a prominent politician in the Confederate States of America Spence's book gives a compelling case that Mitchell had falsely claimed Rhett was pure fiction. ^[9]

According to Dr. Spence's research, Trenholm had been on the verge of bankruptcy at the outbreak of hostilities, yet by the end of the Civil War controlled over sixty large steamers and numerous sailing ships. His amazingly successful blockade-running ventures had earned him today's equivalent of well over $1 billion in gold, making him both fabulously wealthy and enormously powerful. Trenholm's ships sailed out of the ports of Charleston, South Carolina, Wilmington, North Carolina, Savannah, Georgia, and New York City.

Mitchell wrote that Atlanta believed Rhett had made off with the gold of the Confederate Treasury, an improbable feat for the captain of a ship. However, unlike Rhett, Trenholm was not just a ship's captain. By the end of the Civil War, he was not only the South's most successful blockade runner, but also Treasurer of the Confederacy. When the government gold and the jewels entrusted to the Treasury by banks and private citizens disappeared, many believed Trenholm had stolen it.

After the Civil War, both men were arrested and threatened with execution. Both had much younger women visit them in jail and both men tried to comfort them as the women shed tears over the men's proposed fate. Both women were from good families and were widows of Confederate officers. Each had a reputation for being "fast", but was still received in society. In fact, when Trenholm's lady friend was introduced to the famed novelist Lord Thackeray at a party, he insulted her by saying that he had been looking forward to meeting her because he had heard she was the "fastest" lady received in society. She returned the insult by saying that they had both been misinformed because she had been told he was a "gentleman. "

See George Alfred Trenholm for a more detailed account of the ties between George Trenholm and Rhett Butler. George Alfred Trenholm ( February 25, 1807 &ndash December 9, 1876) was a prominent politician in the Confederate States of America

Publication

Mitchell lived as a modest Atlanta newspaperwoman until a visit from MacMillan editor Harold Latham, who visited Atlanta in 1935. Macmillan Publishers Ltd, also known as The Macmillan Group, is a privately-held International Publishing company owned by Georg von Holtzbrinck ^[10] Latham was scouring the South for promising writers, and Mitchell agreed to escort him around Atlanta at the request of her friend, Lois Cole, who worked for Latham. Latham was enchanted with Mitchell, and asked her if she had ever written a book. Mitchell demurred. "Well, if you ever do write a book, please show it to me first!" Latham implored. Later that day, a friend of Mitchell, having heard this conversation laughed. "Imagine, anyone as silly as Peggy writing a book!" she said. Mitchell stewed over this comment, went home, and found most of the old, crumbling envelopes containing her disjointed manuscript. She arrived at The Georgian Terrace Hotel, just as Latham prepared to depart Atlanta. "Here," she said, "take this before I change my mind!"

Latham bought an extra suitcase to accommodate the giant manuscript. When Mitchell arrived home, she was horrified over her impetuous act, and sent a telegram to Latham: "Have changed my mind. Send manuscript back. " But Latham had read enough of the manuscript to realize it would be a blockbuster. This article refers to the theatrical slang term for other uses see Blockbuster (disambiguation. He wrote to her of his thoughts about its potential success. MacMillan soon sent her an advance check to encourage her to complete the novel — she had not composed a first chapter. She completed her work in March 1936. Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

Gone With the Wind was published on June 30, 1936. Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of Literature or Information &ndash the activity of making information available for public view Events 350 - Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the Usurper Year 1936 ( MCMXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The book was dramatized by David O. Selznick, and released three years later. David O Selznick, born David Selznick ( May 10, 1902 &ndash June 22, 1965) was one of the iconic Hollywood producers The premiere of the film was held in Atlanta on December 15, 1939. The word premiere (or première, from the French première, "first" generally means "a first performance" Events 533 - Byzantine general Belisarius defeats the Vandals, commanded by King Gelimer, at the Battle of Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.

"Gone with the Wind" was such an overnight success for its publisher George Platt Brett, President of Macmillan Publishing, gave all its employees an 18% bonus in 1936. George Platt Brett Jr (1893-1984 served at Chairman of the American division of Macmillan Publishing and secured publishing rights to Gone With the Wind Macmillan Publishers Ltd, also known as The Macmillan Group, is a privately-held International Publishing company owned by Georg von Holtzbrinck ^[11]

Death

Mitchell was struck by a speeding automobile as she crossed Peachtree Street at 13th Street with her husband, John Marsh, on her way to see the British film A Canterbury Tale at The Peachtree Art Theatre in August 1949. Peachtree Street is the main north-south Street of Atlanta Georgia. A Canterbury Tale ( is a British film by the film-making team of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. Other names In Arabic, the month is called أغسطسص ʾUġusṭuṣ or آب ʾĀb; usage varies from place to place and Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. She died at Grady Hospital five days later without regaining consciousness. Grady Memorial Hospital, frequently referred to as Grady Hospital or simply Grady, is the largest Hospital in the state of Georgia The driver, Hugh Gravitt, was an off-duty taxi driver. He was driving his personal vehicle at the time, but his occupation led to many erroneous references over the years to Mitchell’s having been struck by a taxi. Gravitt had been out on $5,450 bond, having been arrested for drunken driving. He had 23 previous traffic violations, according to the police. This incident prompted Georgia Gov. Herman Talmadge to announce that the state would tighten regulations for licensing taxi drivers. Herman Eugene Talmadge ( August 9, 1913 – March 21, 2002) was an American politician who served as Governor of the ^[1]

Gravitt was later convicted of involuntary manslaughter and served 11 months in prison. Manslaughter is a legal term for the killing of a human being in a manner considered by law as less culpable than Murder. ^[12] His conviction was controversial because witnesses said Mitchell stepped into the street without looking, and her friends claimed she often did this.

She was buried in Oakland Cemetery in Atlanta. Oakland Cemetery can refer to Oakland Cemetery (Atlanta Georgia Oakland Cemetery (Dallas Texas Oakland Cemetery

The house where Mitchell lived while writing her manuscript is known today as The Margaret Mitchell House and located in Midtown Atlanta. The Margaret Mitchell House and Museum was the home of author Margaret Mitchell. Midtown Atlanta is a district in Atlanta Georgia, situated between the commercial and financial district of Downtown to the south and the affluent residential A museum dedicated to Gone with the Wind lies a few miles north of Atlanta, in Marietta, Georgia. A museum is a "permanent institution in the service of society and of its development open to the public which acquires conserves researches communicates and exhibits the Marietta is a City located in central Cobb County Georgia, and is its County seat. It is called "Scarlett On the Square", as it is located on the historic Marietta Square. It houses costumes from the film, screenplays, and many artifacts from Gone With the Wind including Mitchell's collection of foreign editions of her book. The term costume can refer to Wardrobe and dress in general or to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people class or period See also Pre-production Screenwriting A screenplay or script is a written plan authored by a Screenwriter, for a Film or Television A cultural artifact is a human-made object which gives information about the Culture of its creator and users The house and the museum are major tourist destinations. A tourist destination is a city town or other area that is dependent to a significant extent on the revenues accruing from Tourism.

Clayton County, the area just south of Atlanta and the setting for the fictional O'Hara plantation, Tara, maintains "The Road to Tara" Museum in the old railroad depot in downtown Jonesboro. Clayton County is a County located in the US state of Georgia. |}A train station, railway station, railroad station, or station yard is a facility at which Passengers may board and alight from Trains Jonesboro is a city in Clayton County, Georgia, United States.

For decades it was thought that Mitchell had only ever written one complete novel. (In fact, periodically claims are made that she never wrote it at all due to the lack of any other published work by her). But in the 1990s, a manuscript by Mitchell of a novel entitled Lost Laysen was discovered among a collection of letters Mitchell had given in the early 1920s to a suitor named Henry Love Angel. A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story Lost Laysen is a Novella written by Margaret Mitchell in 1916 although it was not published until 1996 The manuscript had been written in two notebooks in 1916. In the 1990s, Angel's son discovered the manuscript and sent it to the Road to Tara Museum, which authenticated the work. A special edition of Lost Laysen — a romance set in the South Pacific — was edited by Debra Freer, augmented with an account of Mitchell and Angel's romance including a number of her letters to him, and published by the Scribner imprint of Simon & Schuster in 1996. Simon & Schuster Inc, a division of CBS Corporation, is a Publisher founded in New York in 1924 by Richard L Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar)

Further reading

2. Pyron, Darden Asbury. Southern Daughter: The Life of Margaret Mitchell and the Making of Gone With the Wind (Oxford University Press, 1991)

External links

• Obituary, NY Times, August 17, 1949 Miss Mitchell, 49, Dead of Injuries
• New Georgia Encyclopedia (biographical entry)
• Margaret Mitchell timeline
• Margaret Mitchell's Gravesite

References

tags:

Persondata
NAME	Mitchell, Margaret Munnerlyn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION	American novelist
DATE OF BIRTH	November 8, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH	Atlanta, Georgia, United States
DATE OF DEATH	August 16, 1949
PLACE OF DEATH	Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

A novel (from Italian novella, Spanish novela, French nouvelle for "new" "news" or "short story Events 1519 - Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with great a Celebration Year 1900 ( MCM) was an exceptional Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar The State of Georgia ( is a state in the United States and was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that revolted against British rule The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Events 1384 - The Hongwu Emperor of Ming China, Emperor Dong hears a case of a couple who tore paper money bills while fighting Year 1949 ( MCMXLIX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Grady Memorial Hospital, frequently referred to as Grady Hospital or simply Grady, is the largest Hospital in the state of Georgia

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