The March of Pannonia was a frontier march of the Carolingian Empire erected in the mid-ninth century against the threat of Great Moravia and lasting only as long as the strength of that state. Mark from the Old English mearc and march (or various plural forms of these words derived from the Frankish word marka ("boundary" Carolingian Empire is a historiographical term sometimes used to refer to the realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty. Great Moravia (see Name section was a Slavic state that existed in Central Europe from the 9th century to the early 10th century
The Pannonian march succeeded the Avar march. The Avar March (Awarenmark was a frontier district established by Charlemagne against Avaria in the southeast of the Carolingian Empire. It occupied the territory south of the Danube between the Enns and the Wienerwald. The Danube (In Donau from earlier Danuvius, Celtic *dānu, meaning "to flow run" Slovak and Polish Dunaj The Vienna Woods ( German Wienerwald) is a low wooded section of the Alps in eastern Lower Austria and Vienna, covering over 1000 It was referred to in some documents as terminum regni Baioariorum in Oriente or "the end of the kingdom of the Bavarians in the east" and from this is sometimes called the "(Bavarian) eastern march," a term more commonly used to refer to the later March of Austria, established in 976 as a sort of late successor state. The March or Margraviate of Austria was created in 976 out of the territory that probably formed the earlier March of Pannonia. The Pannonian march itself does not appear to have survived into the tenth century.
Margraves
This list is incomplete.
- Radbod, until 856
- Carloman, 856–863
- William II, until 871
- Engelschalk I, until 871
- Aribo, 871–909
- Engelschalk II, son of Engelschalk I, in opposition to Aribo
Sources
- Reuter, Timothy. William (II was the margrave ( comes terminalis, "frontier count" of the March of Pannonia in the mid ninth century until his death on campaign against Engelschalk I was the margrave ( comes terminalis, "frontier count" of the March of Pannonia in the mid ninth century until his death on campaign against Aribo or Arbo (c 850 &ndash 909 was the margrave ( comes terminalis, "frontier count" of the March of Pannonia, from 871 until his death Engelschalk II was the margrave ( comes terminalis, "frontier count" of the March of Pannonia in the late Ninth century in opposition to Timothy Alan Reuter ( January 25 1947 – October 14 2002) grandson of the former mayor of Berlin Ernst Reuter, was a German- Germany in the Early Middle Ages 800–1056. New York: Longman, 1991.
- Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Nobility of Austria.
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