Maratha Samrajya Maratha Confederacy ← 1674 – 1818 → Flag Extent of the Maratha Empire ca. The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or This is a list of flags used in India. National Flag Presidential Flag Civil Ensign Military Flags 1760 (shown here in yellow) Capital Raigad, then later Pune Language(s) Marathi Government Monarchy Chattrapathi  - 1674-1680 Shivaji  - 1681-1689 Sambhaji  - 1689–1700 Rajaram  - 1700–1707 Tarabai  - 1707–1747 Shahu  - 1747–1777 Ramaraja History  - Established April 21, 1674  - Ended September 21, 1818 Area 1,000,000 km² (386,102 sq mi) Population  - 1700 est. Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national Capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist the capital was moved or the capital Pune (ˈpuːneɪ Marathi: पुणे Hindi: पूना formerly Poona, is the second largest city in the state of Maharashtra Marathi (mr मराठी Marāṭhī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of what is considered western India. For the government of parliamentary systems see Executive (government. A monarchy is a Form of government in which supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in an individual who is the Head of state, often for life or The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several Lists of incumbents. Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle ( Marathi: धर्मवीर संभाजी राजे भोसले ( May 14, 1657 &ndash March 11, Tarabai (1675-1761 was a queen of the Maratha Empire in India. Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and Ramaraja was the fifth monarch of the Maratha Confederacy. He was the adoptive son of Chhatrapati Shahuji, and the putative grandson of Chhatrapati Rajaram The first battle of Panipat took place in northern India, and marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire. Events 753 BC - Romulus and Remus found Rome ( traditional date) The Third Anglo-Maratha War ( 1817 - 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in Events 1217 - The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu of Lehola was killed in a battle against Teutonic Knights. This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by total area. List of countries by population in 2005|List of countries by population in 1907This is a list of countries ordered according to Population. 150,000,000  Currency Hon, Rupee, Paisa, Mohor

The Maratha Empire (Marathi: मराठा साम्राज्य Marāṭhā Sāmrājya; also transliterated Mahratta) or the Maratha Confederacy was a Hindu state located in present-day India. A currency is a unit of exchange, facilitating the transfer of Goods and/or services It is one form of Money, where money is This article is about paisa the coin used in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Mohor (मोहोर is one of the denominations of the Nepalese Rupee. Marathi (mr मराठी Marāṭhī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of what is considered western India. Transliteration is the practice of Transcribing a Word or text written in one Writing system into another writing system or system of rules for such practice A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical It existed from 1674 to 1818. At its peak, the empire's territories covered 250 million acres (1 million km²) or one-third of South Asia.

Contents 1 Brief History 2 Chhatrapati Shivaji (c. 1627-1680) 3 Sambhaji (c 1681-1689) 4 Rajaram and Tarabai (c 1689-1707) 5 Shahu (c 1707-1749) 6 Amatya Ramchandra Pant Bawdekar (1650-1716) 7 Peshwa Baji Rao I (1720-1740) 8 Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao (1740-1761) 9 The Decline of the Empire 10 Legacy of the Empire 11 Maratha rulers 11.1 The Royal House of Chhatrapati Shivaji 11.2 The Royal House of Kolhapur 11.3 Peshwa 12 See also 13 Notes 14 References

Brief History

After a lifetime of exploits and guerrilla warfare with Adilshah of Bijapur and Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, the local king Shivaji founded an independent Maratha kingdom in 1674 with Raigad as its capital. Guerrilla warfare is the unconventional warfare and combat with which a small group of combatants use mobile tactics (ambushes raids etc Aurangzeb ( (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi) ( November 4, Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February Shivaji died in 1680, leaving a large, but vulnerably located kingdom. The Mughals invaded, fighting an unsuccessful 25 year long war from 1682 to 1707. Shahu, a grandson of Shivaji, ruled as emperor until 1749. Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February During his reign, Shahu appointed a Peshwa (prime minister) as head of government under certain conditions. The Peshwa ( Marathi:पेशवा plural Peshwe, Marathi:पेशवे were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha After the death of Shahu, the Peshwas became the de facto leaders of the Empire from 1749 to 1761, while Shivaji's successors continued as nominal rulers from their base in Satara. For the Moth Genus, see Satara (moth. Satara (Marathiसातारा is a Town located in the Covering a large part of the subcontinent, the Maratha Empire kept the British forces at bay during the 18th century, until dissension between the Peshwas and their sardars, or army commanders, tore at their cohesion. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. Sardar ( Persian: سردار) (Sɐrdar is a title of Persian origin used for military or political leaders

The Maratha Empire was at its height in the 18th century under Shahu and the Peshwa Baji Rao I. Shrimant Baji Rao Balaji Bhat ( August 18[[ 699]]- April 25 1740) also known as Baji Rao I, was a noted general who served as Peshwa Losses at the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 suspended further expansion of the empire and reduced the power of the Peshwas. The Third Battle of Panipat took place on January 14, 1761 at Panipat (Haryana State India) situated at about 80 miles (130 km north In 1761, after severe losses in the Panipat war, the Peshwas lost control of the Kingdom. Many sardars like Shinde, Holkar, Gayakwad, PantPratinidhi, Bhosale of Nagpur, Pandit of Bhor, Patwardhan, and Newalkar became kings in their respective regions. The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur (better known as Indore) in Central India The Gaekwad or Gaikwad (once rendered as Guicowar, also given (incorrectly as Gaekwar) ( Gujarati: ગાયકવાડ; Marathi A paṇḍit or pundit ( Devanagari: पण्डित is a scholar a teacher particularly one skilled in Sanskrit and Hindu Law, Religion WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Bhor is a city and a Municipal council in Pune district in the state of Maharashtra The empire gave way to a loose Confederacy, with political power resting in a 'pentarchy' of five mostly Maratha dynasties: the Peshwas of Pune; the Sindhias (originally "Shindes") of Malwa and Gwalior; the Holkars of Indore; the Bhonsles of Nagpur; and the Gaekwads of Baroda. Pune (ˈpuːneɪ Marathi: पुणे Hindi: पूना formerly Poona, is the second largest city in the state of Maharashtra For the School in Gwalior India see Scindia School. For the Italian city see Sindia Italy. Gwalior State was an Indian kingdom ruled by the Sindhia dynasty The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur (better known as Indore) in Central India Indore ( Hindi: इंदौर/इन्दोर, Marathi - इंदूर, the largest city and the commercial capital of the central Indian state of The Kingdom of Nagpur was a kingdom in east-central India founded by the Gond rulers of Deogarh in the early 18th century The Gaekwad or Gaikwad (once rendered as Guicowar, also given (incorrectly as Gaekwar) ( Gujarati: ગાયકવાડ; Marathi A rivalry between the Sindhia and Holkar dominated the confederation's affairs into the early 19th century, as did the clashes with the British and the British East India Company in the three Anglo-Maratha Wars. The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or In the Third Anglo-Maratha War, the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II, was defeated by the British in 1818. The Third Anglo-Maratha War ( 1817 - 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in Baji Rao II, also known as palputta Bajirao (1775 – 1851 was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, and governed from 1796 to 1818 Most of the former Maratha Empire was absorbed by British India, although some of the Maratha states persisted as quasi-independent princely states until India became independent in 1947. For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a

Chhatrapati Shivaji (c. 1627-1680)

History of South Asia (Indian Subcontinent)
Stone Age	70,000–3300 BCE
• Mehrgarh Culture	• 7000–3300 BCE
Indus Valley Civilization	3300–1700 BCE
Late Harappan Culture	1700–1300 BCE
Vedic period	1500–500 BCE
Iron Age	1200–300 BCE
• Maha Janapadas	• 700–300 BCE
• Magadha Empire	• 545 BCE - 550
• Maurya Empire	• 321–184 BCE
Middle Kingdoms	250 BCE–1279 CE
• Chola Empire	• 250 BCE–1070 CE
• Satavahana	• 230 BCE–220 CE
• Kushan Empire	• 60–240 CE
• Gupta Empire	• 280–550 CE
• Pala Empire	• 750–1174 CE
• Chalukya Dynasty	• 543–753 CE
• Rashtrakuta	• 753–982 CE
• Western Chalukya Empire	• 973–1189 CE
• Hoysala Empire	1040–1346
• Kakatiya Empire	1083–1323
Islamic Sultanates	1206–1596
• Delhi Sultanate	• 1206–1526
• Deccan Sultanates	• 1490–1596
Ahom Kingdom	1228–1826
Vijayanagara Empire	1336–1646
Mughal Empire	1526–1858
Maratha Empire	1674–1818
Sikh Confederacy	1716–1799
Sikh Empire	1801–1849
British East India Company	1757–1858
British Raj	1858–1947
Modern States	1947–present
Nation histories Bangladesh • Bhutan • Republic of India Maldives • Nepal • Pakistan • Sri Lanka
Regional histories Assam • Balochistan • Bengal Himachal Pradesh • Orissa • Pakistani Regions North India • South India • Tibet
Specialised histories Coinage • Dynasties • Economy Indology • Language • Literature • Maritime Military • Science and Technology • Timeline
This box: view • talk • edit

The Hindu Marathas long had lived in the Desh region around Satara, in the western portion of the Deccan plateau, where the plateau meets the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats mountains. The term South Asia usually refers to the political entities of the Sub- Himalayan region - namely Republic of India, Pakistan, This article is about the history of South Asia prior to the Partition of British India in 1947 The South Asian Stone Age covers the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods in the South Asia. Mehrgarh, ( Urdu: م‍ﮩ‍رگڑھ) one of the most important Neolithic (7000 BC to 3200 BC sites in Archaeology, lies on what The Indus Valley Civilization (Mature period 2600&ndash1900 BCE abbreviated IVC, was an ancient Civilization that flourished in the Indus River basin The Cemetery H culture developed out of the northern part of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1900 BCE in and around the Punjab region which is located on the The Vedic Period (or Vedic Age) is the period in the History of India during which the Vedas, the oldest sacred texts of Hinduism, were being The Iron Age in the Indian subcontinent succeeds the Late Harappan (Cemetery H culture also known as the last phase of the Indus Valley Tradition Mahajanapadas ( Sanskrit: महाजनपद Mahājanapadas) literally "Great Kingdoms" (from Maha, "great" and Janapada Magadha (मगध formed one of the sixteen Mahājanapadas ( Sanskrit, "great countries" or regions in ancient India. The Maurya Empire ( 322 – 185 BCE) ruled by the Mauryan dynasty was a geographically extensive and powerful political and military Middle kingdoms of India refers to the political entities in India from the 2nd century BC since the decline of the Maurya Empire, and the corresponding The Sātavāhanas ( Marathi: सातवाहन Telugu:శాతవాహనులు were a Dynasty which ruled from Junnar ( The Kushan Empire (c 1st &ndash 3rd centuries) was a Bactrian state that at its cultural zenith Circa 105 &ndash 250 The Gupta Empire ( Hindi: गुप्त राजवंश was ruled by members of the Gupta dynasty from around 320 to 550 C The Pala Empire was a dynasty in control of the northern and eastern Indian subcontinent, mainly the Bengal and Bihar regions from the 8th to The Chalukya dynasty ( Kannada: ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರು ʧaːɭukjə was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and Central The Rashtrakuta Dynasty ( Sanskrit: राष्ट्रकूट rāṣṭrakūṭa, Kannada: ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಕೂಟ was a royal The Western Chalukya Empire ( Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ) ruled most of the western Deccan, South The Hoysala Empire ( Kannada: ಹೊಯ್ಸಳ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ ( pronunciation: in Kannada was a prominent South Indian Kannadiga The Kakatiya dynasty was a South Indian Dynasty that ruled parts of what is now Andhra Pradesh, India from 1083CE to 1323CE During the late Middle Ages, several Islamic Empires were established in South Asia. The Delhi Sultanate ( Urdu: دلی سلطنت, दिल्ली सलतनत or Sultanat e Hind ( سلطنتِ هند; सलतनत ए The Deccan sultanates were five Muslim -ruled late medieval kingdoms–- Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, and Berar The Ahom Kingdom (1228–1826 called Kingdom of Assam in medieval times was a medieval kingdom in the Brahmaputra valley in Assam that maintained its The Vijayanagara Empire ( Kannada: ವಿಜಯನಗರ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ Telugu: విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్యము was a South The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most The Sikh Confederacy was a nation that existed from 1716 to 1799 The Sikh Confederacy was a nation that existed from 1716 to 1799 The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or For usage see British rule in India British Raj ( rāj, lit "reign" in Hindustani) primarily refers to the British The Partition of India was the partition of the British Indian Empire which led to the creation on August 14, 1947 and August 15, History of Bengal Bangladesh became one of the last major nation states following its secession in 1971 from the nation of Pakistan which achieved its independence from the British Bhutan 's early history is steeped in Mythology and remains obscure The History of the Republic of India began on August 15, 1947 when India became an independent Dominion within the British Commonwealth The Maldives is a nation consisting of 26 natural Atolls, comprising 1192 islands Historical setting Since very ancient times the Maldives were ruled The History of Nepal (नेपालको इतिहास is characterized by its isolated position in the Himalayas and its two dominant neighbors India The history of Pakistan as a modern nation began with independence from British India on 14 August 1947, although Traditionally the recorded History of Sri Lanka boasts of 25 chronicled centuries The history of Assam is the history of a confluence of peoples from the east west and the north the confluence of the Indo-Aryan, Austro-Asiatic and The Baloch people are an Iranian ethnic group that are mainly settled in the Balochistan areas of Iran, Pakistan and Afghanistan. See also History of Bangladesh The history of Bengal (including Bangladesh and West Bengal) dates back four millennia The history of Himachal Pradesh dates back to the time when the Indus valley civilisation flourished Orissa formed in 1926 was known as Kalinga in ancient times Kalinga was a prosperous nation whose merchants traded with the lands of Java and Sumatra The former subdivisions of Pakistan are states provinces and territories which mainly existed between 1947 and 1975 when the current provinces The first known use of the word Punjab is in the book Tarikh-e-Sher Shah Suri (1580 which mentions the construction of a fort by "Sher Khan of Punjab" The history of South India covers a span of over two thousand years during which the region saw the rise and fall of a number of dynasties and empires Tibetan history is characterized by a special dedication to the Buddhist religion both in the eyes of its own people as well as for the Mongol and Manchu Coinage of India, issued by Imperial dynasties and smaller Middle kingdoms of India began during the 1st millennium BCE, and consisted The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several Lists of incumbents. Economic history of India, in the sense of the meaning of the term economic in its current sense is at least 5000 years old Indology refers to the academic study of the languages texts History and Cultures of the Indian subcontinent, and as such a subset of Asian studies Originating over 5000 years ago the linguistic history of India describes the evolution and transformation of early human communications techniques - from pictures pictorial scripts Indian literature is generally acknowledged as one of the oldest in the world Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when the inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiate trading with Mesopotamia. India has a long military history dating back several millennia This is a timeline of Indian history. It includes the history of South Asia ( Indian subcontinent) especially the history of the regions now known A Hindu ( Devanagari: हिन्दू is an adherent of the philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, a set of religious, Philosophical Desh (Marathi देश, derived from the Sanskrit word ( देशः) meaning "country" is a region of Maharashtra state in central For the Moth Genus, see Satara (moth. Satara (Marathiसातारा is a Town located in the The Western Ghats ( Kannada ಸಹ್ಯಾದ್ರಿ Marathi / Konkani - सह्याद्री Sahyadri Malayalam സഹ്യപര്‍വ്വതം They had resisted incursions into the region by the Muslim Mughal rulers of northern India. A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion Under their leader Shivaji Maharaj, the Marathas freed themselves from the Muslim sultans of Bijapur to the southeast, and became much more aggressive and began to frequently raid Mughal territory, ransacking the Mughal port of Surat in 1664. Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February A Muslim (مسلم pronounced Muslim, not Muzlim) is an adherent of the Religion Shivaji Maharaj proclaimed himself emperor taking the title (Chhatrapati) in 1674. The Marathas had spread and conquered some of central India by Shivaji Maharaja's death in 1680, but later lost it to the Mughals and the British. The Mughal Empire ( Persian and self-designation گورکانی; مغلیہ سلطنت) was an Islamic imperial power which ruled most The British Empire was the largest empire in history and for over a century was the foremost global power. According to Indian historian Tryambak Shankar Shejwalkar, Shivaji Maharaj was inspired by the great Vijayanagara Empire, a bulwark against Muslim invasion of South India. Tryambak Shankar Shejwalkar (त्र्यंबक शंकर शेजवलकर ( May 25, 1895 - November 28, 1963) was an award-winning The Vijayanagara Empire ( Kannada: ವಿಜಯನಗರ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ Telugu: విజయనగర సామ్రాజ్యము was a South The victories of the then king of Mysore, Kanthirava Narasaraja Wodeyar against the Sultan of Bijapur also inspired Shivaji Maharaj ^[1]. As per legend, Shivaji Maharaj was the first king in India whose vision encompassed the dev (god), desh (country) and dharma (religion).

Sambhaji (c 1681-1689)

Shivaji had two sons: Sambhaji and Rajaram. Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle ( Marathi: धर्मवीर संभाजी राजे भोसले ( May 14, 1657 &ndash March 11, Sambhaji, the elder son, was very popular among the courtiers. He was a poet, great politician and a great warrior. In 1681, Sambhaji had himself crowned and resumed his father's expansionist policies. Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle ( Marathi: धर्मवीर संभाजी राजे भोसले ( May 14, 1657 &ndash March 11, Sambhaji had earlier defeated the Portuguese and Chikka Deva Raya of Mysore. Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa is a country on the Iberian Peninsula. Mysore (maɪˈsɔɚ in English; renamed to Mysuru|ಮೈಸೂರು) (ಮೈಸೂರು is the second largest city in the state of Karnataka, India To nullify any Rajput-Maratha alliance, as well as all Deccan Sultanates, the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb himself headed south in 1682. Rajput constitute one of the major Hindu Kshatriya groups from India The Deccan sultanates were five Muslim -ruled late medieval kingdoms–- Bijapur, Golkonda, Ahmadnagar, Bidar, and Berar Aurangzeb ( (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi) ( November 4, With his entire imperial court, administration, and an army of about 400,000 troops he proceeded to conquer the sultanates of Bijapur and Golconda. During the eight years that followed, Sambhaji led the Marathas, never losing a battle or a fort to Aurangzeb. Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle ( Marathi: धर्मवीर संभाजी राजे भोसले ( May 14, 1657 &ndash March 11, The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day Aurangzeb ( (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi) ( November 4, Aurangzeb had almost lost the battle. Aurangzeb ( (full title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Abul Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I Padshah Ghazi) ( November 4, However, in 1689, Sambhaji was killed by Aurangzeb with the help of Sambhaji's own relatives. Aurangzeb had succeeded in turning them to his side and they betrayed Sambhaji.

Rajaram and Tarabai (c 1689-1707)

Rajaram, Sambhaji's brother, now assumed the throne. Early life He was pampered by his mother and liked by all due to his docile nature Satara, whence Rajaram had moved the capital, came under siege in 1700 and eventually was surrendered to the Mughals. For the Moth Genus, see Satara (moth. Satara (Marathiसातारा is a Town located in the At about the same time Rajaram died. His widow, Tarabai, assumed control in the name of her son Shivaji. Tarabai (1675-1761 was a queen of the Maratha Empire in India. Although she offered a truce, this was rejected by the emperor. Then Tarabai heroically led the Marathas against the Mughals; by 1705, they had crossed the Narmada River and entered Malwa, then in Mughal possession. The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day The Narmada नर्मदा Gujarati નર્મદા or Nerbudda (Narbada is a river in central India and the fifth largest river in the Indian subcontinent

Malwa was a decisive battle for the Maratha empire. The Mughals lost their eminent position on the Indian subcontinent forever and the subsequent Mughal Emperors became titular kings. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia. The Marathas emerged as victorious after a long drawn-out and fiercely-fought battle. The soldiers and commanders who participated in this war achieved the real expansion of the Maratha empire. The victory also set the foundations for the imperial conquests achieved later, under the Peshwas. The Peshwa ( Marathi:पेशवा plural Peshwe, Marathi:पेशवे were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha

Shahu (c 1707-1749)

After Emperor Aurangzeb's death in 1707, Shahuji, son of Sambhaji (and grandson of Shivaji), was released by Bahadur Shah, the next Mughal emperor. Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and Two He immediately claimed the Maratha throne and challenged his aunt Tarabai and her son. This promptly turned the now-spluttering Mughal-Maratha war into a three-cornered affair. The states of Satara and Kolhapur came into being in 1707, because of the succession dispute over the Maratha kingship. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kolhapur ( Marathi:कोल्हापूर is a city situated in the south west corner of By 1710 two separate principalities had become an established fact, eventually confirmed by the Treaty of Warna in 1731.

In 1713 Farrukhsiyar had declared himself Mughal emperor. Abu'l Muzaffar Muin ud-din Muhammad Shah Farrukh-siyar Alim Akbar Sani Wala Shan Padshah-i-bahr-u-bar ' (or Farrukhsiyar', August 20 1685 - April 19 1719 was the His bid for power had depended heavily on two brothers, known as the Saiyids, one of whom had been the governor of Allahabad and the other the governor of Patna. The Saiyid Brothers were members of a noble family in Mughal India who played a significant role in the consolidating of the Mughal Empire in Akbar's time and after the reign Allahabad ( Hindi: इलाहाबाद Urdu: الہ آباد Ilāhābād) is a city in the north Indian state of Uttar Paṭnā ( Hindi: पटना is the capital of the Indian state of Bihar, and one of the oldest continuously inhabited However, the brothers had a falling-out with the emperor. Negotiations between the Saiyids and Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath, a civilian representative of Shahu, drew the Marathas into the vendetta against the emperor.

An army of Marathas commanded by Parsoji Bhosale, and Mughals, marched up to Delhi unopposed and managed to depose the emperor. In return for this help, Balaji Vishwanath managed to negotiate a substantial treaty. Shahuji would have to accept Mughal rule in the Deccan, furnish forces for the imperial army, and pay an annual tribute. But in return he received a firman, or imperial directive, guaranteeing him Swaraj, or independence, in the Maratha homeland, plus rights to chauth and sardeshmukh (amounting to 35 percent of the toal revenue) throughout Gujarat, Malwa, and the now six provinces of the Mughal Deccan. A firman is a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in certain historical Islamic states including the Ottoman Empire, Mughal Empire, and Iran This article refers to the concept of Swaraj as propagated by Gandhi. Chauth (from Sanskrit meaning one-fourth) was a tax or tribute imposed from early Eighteenth century, by the Maratha Empire in Chauth (from Sanskrit meaning one-fourth) was a tax or tribute imposed from early Eighteenth century, by the Maratha Empire in Gujarat (ગુજરાત Gujǎrāt, pronounced) is a state in western India. This treaty also released Yesubai, Shahuji's mother, from Mughal prison. Yesubai was the wife of the Maratha emperor Sambhaji. Yesubai was the daughter of Pilajirao Shirke an illustrious Maratha Sardar (chieftain who was Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and

Amatya Ramchandra Pant Bawdekar (1650-1716)

Maratha Emperors (1674-1818)
Shivaji	(1674 - 1680)
Sambhaji	(1680 - 1689)
Rajaram	(1689 - 1700)
Queen Tarabai	(1700 - 1707)
Shahu	(1707 - 1749)
Ramaraja	(1749 - 1777)
The Peshwas (Prime Ministers) (1712-1818)
Balaji Vishwanath	(1712-1719)
Bajirao	(1719-1740)
Balaji Bajirao	(1740-1761)
Madhavrao Ballal	(1761-1772)
Narayanrao	(1772-1773)
Raghunathrao	(1773-1774)
Sawai Madhavrao	(1774-1795)
Bajirao II	(1795-1818)

(Peshwa period: 1689-1708)

Amatya Ramchandra Pant Bawdekar was a court administrator who rose from the ranks of a local Kulkarni to the ranks of Ashtapradhan under guidance and support from Shivaji Maharaj. Chhatrapati (also Chatrapati) is an honorific or an imperial title for an Indian ruler Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle ( Marathi: धर्मवीर संभाजी राजे भोसले ( May 14, 1657 &ndash March 11, List of current queens regnant A queen regnant (plural "queens regnant" is qualifying reference to a female Monarch possessing and exercising all of the monarchal Tarabai (1675-1761 was a queen of the Maratha Empire in India. Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and Year 1707 ( MDCCVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Ramaraja was the fifth monarch of the Maratha Confederacy. He was the adoptive son of Chhatrapati Shahuji, and the putative grandson of Chhatrapati Rajaram Year 1749 ( MDCCXLIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1777 ( MDCCLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Peshwa ( Marathi:पेशवा plural Peshwe, Marathi:पेशवे were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha Year 1712 ( MDCCXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Balaji Vishwanath Bhat (1680 – April 2, 1719) better known as Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath was the first of a series of hereditary Peshwas Year 1712 ( MDCCXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Year 1719 ( MDCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Shrimant Baji Rao Balaji Bhat ( August 18[[ 699]]- April 25 1740) also known as Baji Rao I, was a noted general who served as Peshwa Year 1719 ( MDCCXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1740 ( MDCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Nanasaheb Peshwa, also known as Balaji Bajirao, (born 1720 or 1721 - Died 1761 was the son of Bajirao from his marriage with Kashibai and one of the Peshwas Year 1740 ( MDCCXL) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap Year 1761 ( MDCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Shrimant Thorle Madhavrao Peshwa (or Peshwa Madhavrao I) ( 15 February 1745 - 18 November 1772) was a Peshwa ruler of Year 1761 ( MDCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Narayanrao Peshwa (1749 - 1773 was a Peshwa or ruler of the Maratha Empire from 1772 till his death by murder in 1773 Year 1772 ( MDCCLXXII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Raghunathrao was Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy from 1773 to 1774 Year 1773 ( MDCCLXXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1774 ( MDCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Madhavrao II (1774-1795 was Peshwa of the Maratha kingdom in India from a young age Year 1774 ( MDCCLXXIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Baji Rao II, also known as palputta Bajirao (1775 – 1851 was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, and governed from 1796 to 1818 Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Year 1818 ( MDCCCXVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Kulkarni (कुलकर्णी/कुळकर्णी/ಕುಲಕರ್ಣಿ is a common Family name in the Karnataka and Maharashtra states of He is one of the prominent Peshwas from the time of Shivaji, prior to the rise of the later Peshwas who controlled the empire after Shahuji.

When Chatrapati Rajaram fled to Jinji in 1689, before leaving from Maharastra, he gave a "Hukumat Panha" (King Status) to Pant. Ramchandra Pant managed entire state under many challenges like influx of Moguls, betrayal from Vatandars(local satraps under the Maratha kingdom) and social challenges like scarcity of food. With the help of Pantpratindhi, Sachiv, he kept economic condition of Maratha empire in an appropriate state.

He received a lot of military help from the great Maratha warriors - Santaji Ghorpade and Dhanaji Jadhav. On many occasions he himself participated in battles against Moguls and played the role of shadow king in absence of Chatrapati Rajaram.

In 1698, he happily stepped down from the post of "Hukumat Panha" when Rajaram offered this post to his wife to Tarabai. Tarabai gave important position to Pant among senior administration of Maratha State. He wrote "Adnyapatra" मराठी: आज्ञापञ who have explained different techniques of war, maintenance of forts and administration etc.

But owing to his loyalty to Tarabai against Shahuji (who was supported by more local satraps), he was sidelined after arrival of Shahu. The post of the state Peshwa was given to Balaji Vishwanath in 1713. Ramchandra Pant died in 1716 on Panhala fort.

Peshwa Baji Rao I (1720-1740)

After Balaji Vishwanath's death in April, 1719, his son, Baji Rao I was appointed as Peshwa by Chattrapati Shahuji, one of the most lenient emperors. Shrimant Baji Rao Balaji Bhat ( August 18[[ 699]]- April 25 1740) also known as Baji Rao I, was a noted general who served as Peshwa Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and Shahuji possessed a strong capacity for recognising talent, and actually caused a social revolution by bringing capable people into power irrespective of their social status. This was an indication of a great social mobility within the Maratha empire, enabling its rapid expansion.

Shrimant Baji Rao Vishwanath Bhatt (August 18, 1699- April 25, 1740), also known as Baji Rao I, was a noted general who served as Peshwa (Prime Minister) to the fourth Maratha Chhatrapati (Emperor) Shahu between 1719 until Baji Rao's death. He is also known as Thorala (Marathi for Elder) Baji Rao. Like his father, despite being a Brahmin, he took up leading his troops. During his lifetime, he never lost a battle. He is credited with expanding the Maratha Empire created by its founder,Chh. Shivaji maharaj, which reached its zenith twenty years after his death. Baji Rao is thus acknowledged as the most famous of the nine Peshwas.

Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao (1740-1761)

Baji Rao's son, Balaji Bajirao (Nanasaheb), was appointed as a Peshwa by Shahu. Nanasaheb Peshwa, also known as Balaji Bajirao, (born 1720 or 1721 - Died 1761 was the son of Bajirao from his marriage with Kashibai and one of the Peshwas The period between 1741 and 1745 was one of comparative calm in the Deccan. Shahuji died in 1749. Shrimant Shahu Sambhaji Raje Bhonsle Chhatrapati Maharaj (1682-1749 was the fourth ruler of the Maratha Empire created by his grandfather Chhatrapati Shivaji, and

Nanasaheb encouraged agriculture, protected the villagers, and brought about a marked improvement in the state of the territory. Continued expansion saw Raghunath Rao, the brother of Nanasaheb, pushing into Punjab in the wake of the Afghan withdrawal after Ahmed Shah Abdali's plunder of Delhi in 1756. Punjab ( ਪੰਜਾਬ پنجاب, पंजाब پنجاب also Panjab (پنجاب meaning "Land of the Five Rivers") (c Ahmad Shāh Durrānī (c1723-1773 ( also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī ( احمد شاه ابدالي) and born as Ahmad Khān Abdālī, In Lahore, as in Delhi, the Marathas were now major players. By 1760, with a defeat of the Nizam in the Deccan, Maratha power had reached its zenith with a territory of over 250 million acres (1 million km²) or one-third of the Indian sub-continent. This article deals with the geophysical region in Asia For geopolitical treatments see South Asia.

The Decline of the Empire

The Peshwa sent an army to challenge the Afghan led alliance of Indian muslims that included Rohillas, Shujah-ud-dowlah, Nujeeb-ud-dowlah, and the Maratha army was decisively defeated on January 14, 1761 at the Third Battle of Panipat. Events 1129 - Formal approval of the Order of the Templar at the Council of Troyes. Year 1761 ( MDCCLXI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The Third Battle of Panipat took place on January 14, 1761 at Panipat (Haryana State India) situated at about 80 miles (130 km north The marathas were abandoned by Suraj Mal and Rajputs who quit the maratha alliance at a decisive moment leading to the great battle. Their supply chains cut off, the marathas attacked the Afghans in an act of desperation as their forces had not had a meal in three days. The defeat at Paniput checked Maratha expansion and fragmented the empire. After the battle, the maratha confederacy never fought again as one unit. Delhi/Agra was controlled by Mahadji Shinde from Gwalior, Central India was controlled by Holkars from Indore and Western India was controlled by Gaikwad's from Baroda.

Even today the phrase in Marathi, "meet your Panipat", has a similar meaning as the phrase "meet your Waterloo" does in English.

After 1761, young Madhavrao Peshwa tried his best to rebuild the empire in spite of his frail health. In a bid to effectively manage the large empire, semi-autonomy was given to strongest of the knights. Thus, the autonomous Maratha states of the Gaekwads of Baroda, the Holkars of Indore & Malwa, the Scindias (or Shinde's) of Gwalior (and Ujjain), Pawars of Udgir and Bhonsales of Nagpur (no blood relation with Shivaji's or Tarabai's family) came into being in far flung regions of the empire. The Gaekwad or Gaikwad (once rendered as Guicowar, also given (incorrectly as Gaekwar) ( Gujarati: ગાયકવાડ; Marathi The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur (better known as Indore) in Central India Indore ( Hindi: इंदौर/इन्दोर, Marathi - इंदूर, the largest city and the commercial capital of the central Indian state of For the School in Gwalior India see Scindia School. For the Italian city see Sindia Italy. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Gwalior ( Hindi: ग्वालियर) is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Ujjain ( Hindi:उज्जैन (also known as Ujain, Ujjayini, Avanti The Ponwar (also Panwar, Puar, Powar, or Pawar) are an Arya clan of that ruled the states of Chhatarpur, Dewas The Kingdom of Nagpur was a kingdom in east-central India founded by the Gond rulers of Deogarh in the early 18th century Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February Tarabai (1675-1761 was a queen of the Maratha Empire in India. Even in the Maharashtra itself many knights were given semi-autonomous charges of small districts which led to princely states like Sangli, Aundh,Bhor,Bawda,Jat,Phaltan, Miraj etc. Maharashtra ( Marathi: mahārāṣṭra, IPA) is a state located on the western coast of India.

In 1775 the British East India Company, from its base in Bombay, intervened in a succession struggle in Pune, on behalf of Raghunathrao (also called Raghobadada), which became the First Anglo-Maratha War. The Honourable East India Company ( HEIC) referred to most commonly as the East India Company, also historically and colloquially as John Company, or Raghunathrao was Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy from 1773 to 1774 The First Anglo-Maratha War was the first of three Anglo-Maratha wars fought between the British East India Company and Maratha Empire in India. That ended in 1782 with a restoration of the pre-war status quo. In 1802 the British intervened in Baroda to support the heir to the throne against rival claimants, and they signed a treaty with the new Maharaja recognizing his independence from the Maratha empire in return for his acknowledgement of British paramountcy. In the Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1805), the Peshwa Baji Rao II signed a similar treaty. The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803 - 1805 was the second conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India. Baji Rao II, also known as palputta Bajirao (1775 – 1851 was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, and governed from 1796 to 1818 The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817-1818), a last-ditch effort to regain sovereignty, resulted in the loss of Maratha independence: it left Britain in control of most of India. The Third Anglo-Maratha War ( 1817 - 1818) was a final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in The Peshwa was exiled to Bithoor (near Kanpur, U. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Bithoor ( Brahmavarta) is a centre of Hindu Pilgrimage in Kanpur District P. ) as a pensioner of the British. The Maratha heartland of Desh, including Pune, came under direct British rule, with the exception of the states of Kolhapur and Satara, which retained local Maratha rulers. WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Kolhapur ( Marathi:कोल्हापूर is a city situated in the south west corner of For the Moth Genus, see Satara (moth. Satara (Marathiसातारा is a Town located in the The Maratha-ruled states of Gwalior, Indore, and Nagpur all lost territory, and came under subordinate alliance with the British Raj as princely states that retained internal sovereignty under British 'paramountcy'. For other uses see Principality, Other princely states A Princely State (also called Native State or Indian State) was a Other small princely states of Maratha knights were retained under the British Raj as well.

The last Peshwa, Nana Sahib, born as Govind Dhondu Pant, was the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II. Nana Sahib (born 1824 born as Dhondu Pant, was an Indian leader during the rebellion of 1857. He was one of the main leaders of the 1857 battles against British rule. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of Sepoys of British East India Company 's army on the 10th of May 1857 in the town of Meerut, He encouraged the people and the Indian Princes to fight against the British. Tatya Tope, his general, led the war and struck terror into the hearts of the British. Ram Chandra Pandurang Tope (1814 - 1859 also known as Tatya Tope (pronounced Toh-pey was an Indian leader in the Indian Mutiny of 1857. Rani Lakshmibai was his childhood playmate and he had brotherly relations with her. Lakshmibai The Rani of Jhansi (c 1828 – 17 June 1858) ( Hindi - झाँसी की रानी Marathi Both of them fought against the British. He encouraged Indian soldiers to rise against the British. Though he was defeated in this war of independence he is viewed as a glorious patriot in Indian history.

Today the spirit of the Maratha Empire is preserved in the Indian state of Maharashtra, "Great Nation", which was created in 1960 as a Marathi-speaking state. India is a union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. Maharashtra ( Marathi: mahārāṣṭra, IPA) is a state located on the western coast of India. Marathi (mr मराठी Marāṭhī) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Marathi people of what is considered western India. The territories of Baroda were combined with Kutch to form the state of Gujarat. Gwalior and Indore were merged with Madhya Pradesh, Jhansi with Uttar Pradesh. Vestiges of Maratha control over Delhi can still be found in Old Delhi in area surrounding the "Nutan Marathi" school and Maharashtra Bhavan.

Legacy of the Empire

Often painted as a kind of loose military organization, the Maratha empire was actually revolutionary in nature. It did bring certain fundamental changes initiated by the genius of its founder, the celebrated Shivaji. They can be summarized as below:

• From its onset, Religious tolerance and religious pluralism were important pillars of the nation-state since they were fundamental beliefs of Shivaji, the founder of the empire. Religious toleration is the condition of accepting or permitting others' religious beliefs and practices which disagree with one's own Religious pluralism (rel Comparative religion) is a loosely defined expression concerning acceptance of different Religions and is used in a number of related A nation is a Human Cultural and Social Community. In as much as most members never meet each other yet feel a common bond it may be considered A state is a political association with effective Sovereignty over a geographic Area and representing a Population.
• The Maratha Empire was unique in that it did not adhere to the caste system. Caste (Sanskrit Gyati ज्ञाति, Hindi Biradari बिरादरी samaj समाज jati जाति etc, Urdu Zat ज़ात) is an Endogamous group Here, the Brahmins (Peshwe) were the prime ministers of the Kshatriya (Maratha) emperors and Kshatriya Dhangar (Holkars) were the trusted generals of the Brahmin Peshwas. Brahmin ( Brāhmaṇa, sa ब्राह्मणः is the class of educators scholars and preachers in Brahminical Hinduism. The Peshwa ( Marathi:पेशवा plural Peshwe, Marathi:पेशवे were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha This article is about the government position For other uses see Prime Minister (disambiguation. Kshatriya (क्षत्रिय kṣatriya from क्षत्र kṣatra) is one of the four varnas (social orders in Hinduism The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day An emperor (from the Latin " Imperator " is a (male Monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an Empire or another type of Kshatriya (क्षत्रिय kṣatriya from क्षत्र kṣatra) is one of the four varnas (social orders in Hinduism Jejuri Jejuri is one of the famous temples in Maharashtra. The God of Jejuri - Khandoba ( Lord Shiva) the husband of Banai (from the Dhangar The Holkar were a prominent Dhangar family who ruled as Rajas and later Maharajas of Indaur (better known as Indore) in Central India Brahmin ( Brāhmaṇa, sa ब्राह्मणः is the class of educators scholars and preachers in Brahminical Hinduism. The Peshwa ( Marathi:पेशवा plural Peshwe, Marathi:पेशवे were Brahmin Prime Ministers to the Maratha
• Since its start, many people of talent were brought into the leadership of the Maratha Empire which made it one of the most socially mobile regimes. Note that the ruler of Indore was a Dhangar, a Shepherd; the rulers of Gwalior and Baroda were from ordinary peasant families; the Peshwas of the Bhatt family were from ordinary backgrounds; and Shivaji's most trusted secretary Haider Ali Kohari was from an ordinary family. Indore ( Hindi: इंदौर/इन्दोर, Marathi - इंदूर, the largest city and the commercial capital of the central Indian state of WikipediaWikiProject Indian cities for details --> Gwalior ( Hindi: ग्वालियर) is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India Bhatt, meaning a Priest, is a Surname common in most parts of India. Shivaji Bhosle, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhosle ( Marathi: छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले (Born February Maulana Haider Ali Kohari (b17th century-d? was the trusted military general and secretary of the great Maratha king Shivaji. All the groups of the Maharashtrian society like CKP, SKP, Vaishyas, Bhandaris, Brahmins, Kolis, Dhangars, Marathas and Saraswats were well-represented in the Empire. Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP (चांद्रसेनीय कायस्थ प्रभू is a Kshatriya /writer caste of India. The Hindu varna (class System, a Vaishya ( Sanskrit वैश्य vaiśya) is a member of the third of the four classes of traditional Parivar Seva Sunil Bhandaris taking lot of foods form Bhalla and party This Bhandari speaking community is mainly found in Parivar Seva Brahmin ( Brāhmaṇa, sa ब्राह्मणः is the class of educators scholars and preachers in Brahminical Hinduism. The Koli community is found throughout India Kolis are found in Maharashtra Gujrat AndhraPradesh and rest of India Jejuri Jejuri is one of the famous temples in Maharashtra. The God of Jejuri - Khandoba ( Lord Shiva) the husband of Banai (from the Dhangar The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day Saraswat Brahmins are descended from a Brahmin caste mentioned in ancient Hindu scriptures as inhabiting the Saraswati River valley the geographic ^[2]
• The Marathas militarily controlled huge tracts. Their policy of religious tolerance gave equal importance to Hindu interests and acted as an important back-pressure against the expanding Mughal influence. Today's partitioned India is substantially the area of the Maratha confederacy. The Marāthās ( Marathi: mr मराठा also Mahrattas) form an Indo Aryan group of Hindu Warriors hailing mostly from the present-day
• The empire also created a significant navy. At its height this was led by the legendary Kanhoji Angre. Kanhoji Angre or Conajee Angria or Sarkhel Angre (Sarkhel is a title meaning Admiral of the Fleet(? &ndash June 4, 1729) was the first notable chief of

Maratha rulers

The Royal House of Chhatrapati Shivaji

See also Bhosale family ancestry

• His Majesty Chhatrapati Shivaji (1630-1680)
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1657-1689)
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Rajaram (1670-1700)
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Shahu (alias Shivaji II, Son of Chhatrapati Sambhaji)
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Ramaraja (nominally, grandson of His Majesty, Chhatrapati Rajaram - Queen Tarabai))

• Queen Tarabai was the Daughter of General of Shivaji -Hambirrao Mohite

• Maharani Soyarabai was the sister of Great General of Shivaji -Hambirrao Mohite from Talbid Village near Karad taluka

The Royal House of Kolhapur

• Her Majesty Queen Tarabai (wife of Chatrapati Rajaram)in the name of her son Shivaji II
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Sambhaji (son of Chatrapati [Rajaram] from his second wife). . .
• His Majesty Chhatrapati Shahu IV of Kolhapur. . .

Maharani Tarabai was the daughter of General Hambirarao Mohite from Talbid

Peshwa

• Sonopant Dabir Period 1640-1674
• Moropant Trimbak Pingle Period 1674-1683
• Moreshwar Pingale 1683-1689
• Ramchandra Pant Amatya 1689-1708
• Bahiroji Pingale 1708-1711
• Parshuram Tribak Kulkarni(PantPratinidhi) 1711-1713

• Balaji Vishwanath (1713-1720)
• Baji Rao I (brother Chimnaji Appa) (1720-1740)
• Balaji Bajirao (brother Raghunathrao, cousin Sadashivrao-bhau)
• Peshwa Madhavrao (elder brother Vishwasrao)
• Narayanrao Peshwa (younger brother of Madhavrao, murdered by uncle)
• Raghunathrao Peshwa (uncle of Narayanrao, ousted in coup named "Barbhai" conspiracy)
• Sawai Madhavrao Peshwa (son of Narayanrao)
• Chimnajee Madhavarao (26 May 1796 - 6 Dec 1796) (brother of Bajirao II, adopted by Madhavrao II's wife)
• Bajirao II (son of Raghunathrao)
• Vinayak Amritrao (Nephew of Bajirao II), Peshwa for a short period during Yashwantrao Holkar's siege of Pune. Moropant Trimbak Pingle (? - 1683, also known as Moropant Peshwā) was the first Peshwā (Prime Minister in the court of Shivāji, who founded Ramchandra Neelkanth Bahutkar, ( 1650 to 1716) also known as Ramchandra Pant Amatya Bawadekar, was the youngest member of the council of ministers of Chhatrapati Balaji Vishwanath Bhat (1680 – April 2, 1719) better known as Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath was the first of a series of hereditary Peshwas Shrimant Baji Rao Balaji Bhat ( August 18[[ 699]]- April 25 1740) also known as Baji Rao I, was a noted general who served as Peshwa Chimnaji Appa (or Chimaji Appa) was the son of Balaji Vishwanath Bhat and the younger brother of Bajirao Peshwa. Nanasaheb Peshwa, also known as Balaji Bajirao, (born 1720 or 1721 - Died 1761 was the son of Bajirao from his marriage with Kashibai and one of the Peshwas Shrimant Thorle Madhavrao Peshwa (or Peshwa Madhavrao I) ( 15 February 1745 - 18 November 1772) was a Peshwa ruler of Narayanrao Peshwa (1749 - 1773 was a Peshwa or ruler of the Maratha Empire from 1772 till his death by murder in 1773 Raghunathrao was Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy from 1773 to 1774 Madhavrao II (1774-1795 was Peshwa of the Maratha kingdom in India from a young age Baji Rao II, also known as palputta Bajirao (1775 – 1851 was the last Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy, and governed from 1796 to 1818 Maharajadhiraj Raj Rajeshwar Sawai Shri Yashwantrao Holkar ( Hindi / Marathi: यशवन्तराव होल्कर Bahadur Maharaja of Indore was born in Bajirao was later reinstated by the British.
• Nana Sahib Peshwa the second (adopted son of Bajirao II, lived in Uttar Pradesh in exile)

See also

• Battles involving the Maratha Empire
• Thanjavur Marathas
• Marathas and Marathi people
• Maharashtra
• Shaniwar Wada
• List of British Indian Princely States
• Maratha clan system
• Military history of India

Notes

References

---

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic