Mapam (Hebrew: מפ"ם, an acronym for Mifleget HaPoalim HaMeuhedet (Hebrew: מפלגת הפועלים המאוחדת), lit. United Workers Party) was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz-Yachad party. Israel's Political system is based on Proportional representation which allows for a Multi-party system with numerous parties For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Israel topics. Meretz-Yachad (מרצ-יחד Vitality - Together) previously known as Meretz and then Yachad, is a left-wing social democratic
Contents |
History
Mapam was a descendant of the left wing of the Poale Zion (Workers of Zion) movement. Poale Zion (also spelled Poalei Tziyon or Poaley Syjon, meaning "Workers of Zion" was a Movement of Marxist Zionist Jewish It merged with HaShomer HaTzair ("Youth Guard") and, in 1948, Labour Unity; the latter included some of the right wing of Poale Zion, who had joined David Ben Gurion's Mapai but then broken back away. Hashomer Hatzair (השומר הצעיר also transliterated Hashomer Hatsair or HaShomer HaTzair, translating as The Youth Guard) is a Socialist In Politics, right-wing, the political right, and the Right are positions that uphold traditional values and/or authorities for the town in Mozambique see Mapai Mozambique Mapai (מפא"י an acronym for Mifleget Poalei Eretz Yisrael (מפלגת The party was originally Marxist-Zionist in its outlook, with a strong Stalinist policy, and represented the left-wing Kibbutz Artzi ("Nationwide Kibbutz") movement. Marxism is the political philosophy and practice derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. History of Zionism|Timeline of Zionism|World Zionist Organization|Zionist political violence Zionism is an international political movement that originally supported the Stalinism is the political regime named after Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union from 1929–1953 The Kibbutz Movement (התנועה הקיבוצית HaTenoa'a HaKibbutzit) is the largest settlement movement for Kibbutzim in Israel.
In the elections for the first Knesset, Mapam took 19 seats, making it the second largest party after Mapai. Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in newly-independent Israel on 25 January 1949 However, their pro-Soviet views did not endear them to Ben Gurion, and they were not included in the governing coalition. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 During the session they gained one seat when Eliezer Preminger joined after leaving Maki and then setting up his own party, the Hebrew Communists. Maki (מק"י an acronym for HaMiflega HaKomunistit HaYisraelit (המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית lit The Hebrew Communists (קומוניסטים עברים Komunistim Ivrim) were a short-lived political party in Mandate Palestine and Israel.
In the 1951 elections the party dropped to 15 seats and again were not included in the coalition. Elections for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July 1951 However, they did become the first Zionist party to have an Israeli Arab, Rostam Bastuni, representing them in the Knesset. Arab citizens of Israel refers to Arabs or Arabic -speaking people who are Citizens of Israel who are not Jewish. Rostam Bastuni (روستم بستوني רוסתם בסתוני born 15 March 1923, died 26 April 1994) was an Israeli politician For Beit Knesset a Jewish Place of worship, see Synagogue. The Knesset (כנסת lit
From Mapam's point of view, the most important event of the second Knesset were the Prague Trials of 1953, which severely shook the party's faith in the Soviet Union. The Slánský trial (officially Proces s protistátním spikleneckým centrem Rudolfa Slánského meaning "Trial of anti-state conspiracy centered around Rudolf Slánský" The show trials in which mostly Jewish leaders of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia were purged, falsely implicated Mapam's envoy in Prague, Mordechai Oren, as part of a Zionist conspiracy. The term show trial is a pejorative description of a type of highly Public trial. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak Komunistická strana Československa (KSČ was a political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. After the Prague Trials and later, Nikita Khrushchev's Secret Speech at the 20th Party Congress in the Soviet Union, Mapam moved away from some of their more radical left wing positions, and towards social democracy. Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (April 17 1894 – September 11 1971 served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 following On the Personality Cult and its Consequences (О культе личности и его последствиях commonly known as the Secret Speech or the The 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was held during February 14 26 1956. Social democracy is a Political ideology of the left and centre-left
This created a split in the party. Avraham Berman, Rostam Bastuni and Moshe Sneh left the party and set up the Left Faction, whilst Hannah Lamdan and David Livschitz created Independent Labour Unity. Rostam Bastuni (روستم بستوني רוסתם בסתוני born 15 March 1923, died 26 April 1994) was an Israeli politician Moshe Sneh (משה סנה born Moshe Kleinbaum on 6 January 1909, died 1 March 1972) was an Israeli politician and The Left Faction (סיעת שמאל Siat Smol) was a short-lived political party in Israel. Although Bastuni later returned to the party, Berman and Sneh eventually joined Maki and Lamdan and Livschitz joined Mapai. Maki (מק"י an acronym for HaMiflega HaKomunistit HaYisraelit (המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית lit Four other party members left to recreate Labour Unity, though the Knesset speaker did not recognise the group as an independent party during the Knesset session. It also displeased the USSR, who described the party as “one of the most reactionary ones among the left socialist parties. ”[1]
Although it had been reduced to seven seats by the end of the second Knesset, the party picked up nine seats in the 1955 elections. Elections for the third Knesset were held in Israel on 26 July 1955 Having effectively renounced the Soviet Union, Mapam were now included in Ben Gurion's coalitions for both the seventh and eighth governments. However, they were to blame for Ben Gurion's resignation and the collapse of the government on 5 July 1959 when they and Labour Unity voted against the government on the issue of selling arms to West Germany but refused to leave the coalition. Events 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England. The year 1959 ( MCMLIX) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. West Germany ( Inf German: Westdeutschland or West-Deutschland) was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (
In the 1959 elections the party retained its nine seats, and despite their previous differences, were included in Ben Gurion's coalition. Elections for the fourth Knesset were held in Israel on 3 November 1959
In the 1961 elections they again won nine seats, but this time were not members of the governing coalition. Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961
The 1965 elections saw the party lose a seat, dropping to eight mandates, but enter into the coalition government. Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1965 During the Knesset session, the party joined with Mapai, Labour Unity and Rafi to form the Alignment, a political alliance of left-wing parties. Rafi (רפ"י an acronym for Reshimat Poalei Yisrael (רשימת פועלי ישראל lit The Alignment (המערך HaMa'arakh) was an alliance of the major left-wing parties in Israel between the 1960s and 1990s The Alignment went on to win the highest ever number of seats in the 1969 elections (56 out of 120), doubtlessly helped by the country's victory in the Six-Day War. Elections for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October 1969 Background Suez Crisis aftermath The Suez Crisis of 1956 represented a military defeat but a political victory for Egypt
Mapam briefly broke away from the Alignment during the eighth Knesset, but returned shortly after. The Elections for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. The party then remained part of the Alignment until after the 1984 elections, when it broke away due to anger over Shimon Peres's decision to form a national unity government with Likud, taking six seats with it (later reduced to five when Muhammed Wattad defected to Hadash). Elections for the eleventh Knesset were held in Israel on 23 July 1984 (שמעון פרס born Szymon Perski on August 2 1923, is the ninth President of the State of Israel. National governments (alternatively national unity governments or national union governments) are broad Coalition governments consisting of all parties (or Likud (ליכוד lit Consolidation) is the major centre-right political party in Israel. Hadash (חד"ש is a Left-wing political party in Israel. However, in the 1988 elections the party won only three seats. Elections for the twelfth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1988
As a result of their declining support, the party joined with Ratz and Shinui to form Meretz, a new left-wing, social-democratic and pro-peace alliance, which became the fourth largest party in the Knesset in the 1992 elections. Ratz (רצ officially the Movement for Civil Rights and Peace (Hebrew התנועה לזכויות האזרח ולשלום HaTenoa'a Lizkhuyot HaEzrah VeShalom) Shinui (שינוי lit Change) is a Zionist, Secular and anti-clerical Free market liberal party in Israel Meretz-Yachad (מרצ-יחד Vitality - Together) previously known as Meretz and then Yachad, is a left-wing social democratic Elections for the thirteenth Knesset were held in Israel on 23 June, 1992.
In 1997 the merger into Meretz with Ratz and part of Shinui (most of its membership did not agree with the merger and reformed as an independent party headed by Avraham Poraz) was formalised and Mapam ceased to exist. Meretz is now known as Meretz-Yachad. Meretz-Yachad (מרצ-יחד Vitality - Together) previously known as Meretz and then Yachad, is a left-wing social democratic
Prominent Mapam members have included Mordechai Oren, Zvi Lurie, Chaim Shur, and Simha Flapan. Zvi Luria (צבי לוריא also spelt Zvi Lurie, 1906 – 1968 was a Jewish political figure in Mandate Palestine. Simha Flapan (1911&ndash1987 was an Israeli historian and politician probably best known for his book The Birth of Israel Myths And Realities, published in the
Knesset Members
| Knesset (MKs) |
Knesset Members |
|---|---|
| 1st (19 +1) |
Moshe Aram, Menachem Bader, Dov Bar-Nir (replaced by Menachem Ratzon), Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon, Mordechai Bentov, Yisrael Galili, Yaakov Hazan, Fayge Ilanit, Hannah Lamdan, Nahum Nir, Eliezer Peri, Beryl Raptor, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Moshe Sneh, Yitzhak Tabankin (replaced by David Livschitz), Meir Yaari, Aharon Zisling + Eliezer Preminger (from the Hebrew Communists) |
| 2nd (15 –8) |
Rostam Bastuni, Mordechai Bentov, Yaakov Hazan, Eliezer Peri, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Meir Yaari – Moshe Aram, Yisrael Bar-Yehuda, Yitzhak Ben-Aharon, Aharon Zisling (to Labour Unity) – Avraham Berman, Moshe Sneh (to the Left Faction) – Hannah Lamdan, David Livschitz (to the Faction independent of Labour Unity) |
| 3rd (9) |
Yisrael Barzilai, Mordechai Bentov, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Haim Yehuda, Yitzhak Yitzhaky (replaced by Yussuf Hamis) |
| 4th (9) |
Yisrael Barzilai, Mordechai Bentov, Yussuf Hamis, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Haim Yehuda (replaced by Yosef Kushnir) |
| 5th (9) |
Yisrael Barzilai, Mordechai Bentov, Yussuf Hamis, Yaakov Hazan, Yaakov Riftin, Hanan Rubin (replaced by Yosef Kushnir), Victor Shem-Tov, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari |
| 6th (8) |
Reuven Arazi, Yaakov Hazan, Natan Peled, Shlomo Rosen, Victor Shem-Tov, Emma Talmi, Meir Yaari, Abdul-Aziz Zoabi (all merged into the Alignment) |
| 8th (6) |
Yehuda Dranitzki, Aharon Efrat, Haika Grossman, Eliezer Ronen, Meir Talmi, Dov Zakin (all returned to the Alignment) |
| 11th (6 –1) |
Elazar Granot, Haika Grossman, Amira Sartani, Victor Shem-Tov (replaced by Gadi Yatziv), Yair Tsaban – Muhammed Wattad (to Hadash) |
| 12th (3) |
Hussein Faris, Haim Oron, Yair Tsaban (all merged into Meretz) |
References
- ^ Mezhdunarodnaya Zizhn -- cited in edition Välispanoraam 1972, Tallinn, 1973, lk 147 (Foreign Panorama 1972)
See also
External links
- Party history Knesset website
Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in newly-independent Israel on 25 January 1949 Israel Bar-Yehuda (ישראל בר-יהודה born Israel Idelson on 15 November 1895, died 15 November 1965) was a Zionist Yitzhak Ben-Aharon (יצחק בן אהרון born 17 July 1906, died 19 May 2006) was a left-wing Israeli politician Mordechai Bentov (מרדכי בנטוב born Mordechai Gutgeld on 28 March 1900, died 18 January 1985) was an Israeli Yisrael Galili (ישראל גלילי born Yisrael Berchenko on 10 February 1911, died 8 February 1986) was an Israeli Yaakov Hazan (יעקב חזן born 4 June 1899, died 22 July 1992) was an Israeli politician and social activist Fayge Ilanit (פייגה אילנית 7 February 1909 (née Hindes – 14 July 2002 was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician Dr Nahum Nir (נחום ניר born Nahum Rafalkes on 17 March 1884, died 10 July 1968) was a Zionist activist Berl Repetur (ברל רפטור 1902 – 23 March 1989) was a Zionist activist Israeli politician and one of the signatories of the Israeli Moshe Sneh (משה סנה born Moshe Kleinbaum on 6 January 1909, died 1 March 1972) was an Israeli politician and Aharon Zisling (אהרון ציזלינג 26 February 1901 – 16 January 1964) was an Israeli politician and minister and a signatory The Hebrew Communists (קומוניסטים עברים Komunistim Ivrim) were a short-lived political party in Mandate Palestine and Israel. Elections for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July 1951 Rostam Bastuni (روستم بستوني רוסתם בסתוני born 15 March 1923, died 26 April 1994) was an Israeli politician The Left Faction (סיעת שמאל Siat Smol) was a short-lived political party in Israel. Elections for the third Knesset were held in Israel on 26 July 1955 Elections for the fourth Knesset were held in Israel on 3 November 1959 Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961 Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1965 The Elections for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973. Haika Grossman (חייקה גרוסמן ( 20 November 1919 – 26 May 1996) was an Israeli politician and member of Knesset Elections for the eleventh Knesset were held in Israel on 23 July 1984 Elazar Granot (אלעזר גרנות born 12 March 1927) is an Israeli politician and a Writer. Yair Tzaban (יאיר צבן born 23 August 1930) is an Israeli politician academic and social activist Hadash (חד"ש is a Left-wing political party in Israel. Elections for the twelfth Knesset were held in Israel on 1 November 1988 Haim "Jumas" Oron (חיים "ג'ומס" אורון born March 26, 1940) is an Israeli politician and former Minister of Agriculture Meretz-Yachad (מרצ-יחד Vitality - Together) previously known as Meretz and then Yachad, is a left-wing social democratic Labor Zionism ( Labour Zionism, ציונות סוציאליסטית tsionut sotsialistit) can be described as the major stream of the Left wing of the
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic