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The United States White-Slave Traffic Act of 1910 (ch. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Year 1910 ( MCMX) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting 395, 36 Stat. 825; codified as amended at 18 U.S.C. § 2421–2424) prohibited white slavery. The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat Title 18 of the United States Code is the Criminal and Penal code of the Federal government of the United States. White slavery is a term that was used to refer to Sexual slavery. It also banned the interstate transport of females for “immoral purposes. ” Its primary stated intent was to address prostitution, immorality, and human trafficking. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. Morality (from the Latin la moralitas "manner character proper behavior" has three principal meanings Human trafficking is the recruitment transportation harbouring or receipt of people for the purposes of slavery forced labor (including bonded labor or debt bondage and servitude The act is better known as the Mann Act, after James Robert Mann, an American lawmaker. James Robert Mann ( October 20 1856 &ndash November 30 1922) was an American legislator and U

According to historian Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, the Federal Bureau of Investigation's "racially skewed enforcement of the Mann Act was just one chapter in the history of Jim Crow", the system of primarily state laws in the U. The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enacted primarily but not exclusively in the Southern and border states of the United States between 1876 and 1965 S. that enforced discrimination against African Americans. Unlike most discrimination policies discrimination between, which is the discernment of qualities and recognition of the differences focused here discrimination against is African Americans or Black Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa [1]

Contents

History

Panic over the "traffic in women", commonly known as "white slavery", has surfaced periodically in Western nations, most notably in England in the 1880s and again in the United States in the decade prior to World War I. In 1910, when the U. S. attorney in Chicago proclaimed that an international crime ring was abducting young girls in Europe and forcing them to work in Chicago brothels, there was significant outcry. [2]

Politicians and social reformers jumped on the bandwagon, and many claims were made, often without the slightest documentation. It seems clear that many of the claims made "were almost certainly exaggerated. "[3]

Amid this charged atmosphere, James Mann, a U. S. Representative from Illinois, introduced the legislation associated with his name. At the time, the ability of the U. S. Congress to enact criminal laws was seen as somewhat limited, so the White Slave Traffic Act was drafted to prevent interstate commerce to facilitate prostitution or concubinage, or other forms of immorality; Congress' power to regulate interstate commerce is specifically provided for in the U. S. Constitution. [4] The Act also applied to activity conducted wholly "in the District of Columbia or in any Territory or Possession of the United States", based on Congress' authority to regulate all conduct in those jurisdictions. [5]

The Act criminalized transport of "any woman or girl for the purpose of prostitution or debauchery . . . or for any other immoral purpose". The vague language of "any other immoral purpose" was used to greatly expand the scope of the Mann Act in subsequent years. [6]

Prosecutions

For all its high-minded claims, the most common use of the Mann Act was to prosecute men for having sex with underage women. [7] It was also used to harass others who had drawn the authorities' wrath for "immoral" behavior.

The first person prosecuted under the act was heavyweight boxing champion Jack Johnson, an African-American man. Heavyweight is a division or weight class, in Boxing. Fighters who weigh over 200 pounds (14 st 4 lb/91 kg are considered heavyweights by the major professional Boxing (sometimes also known as English boxing or pugilism) is a Combat sport in which two participants generally of similar weight, Arthur John Johnson (March 31 1878 – June 10 1946 better known as Jack Johnson and nicknamed the “Galveston Giant” was an American boxer and He had an affair with a white prostitute named Lucille Cameron. Johnson married Cameron so that she could not be made to testify against him. Belle Schreiber, a prostitute who at some point left a brothel and traveled with Johnson to another state, was next in line to testify against him. Johnson was prosecuted and sentenced to the maximum penalty of a year and a day in prison.

Pioneering sociologist William I. Thomas's academic career at the University of Chicago was irreversibly damaged after he was arrested under the act when caught in the company of one Mrs Granger, the wife of an army officer with the American forces in France. Sociology (from Latin: socius "companion" and the suffix -ology "the study of" from Greek λόγος lógos "knowledge" William Isaac Thomas (b Russell County Virginia, 13 August 1863, d The University of Chicago is a Private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. The American Expeditionary Forces or AEF was the United States military force sent to Europe in World War I. This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Thomas was acquitted at trial.

British film actor Charles Chaplin was prosecuted in 1944 by Federal authorities for Mann Act charges related to his involvement with actress Joan Barry. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands Chaplin was acquitted of the charges, but the trial permanently damaged his public image in the US. The uproar contributed to his departure for Switzerland in the early 1950s. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation

Canadian author Elizabeth Smart described being arrested under the Mann Act in 1940 when crossing a state border with her lover, the British poet George Barker, in her book By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Elizabeth Smart ( December 27, 1913 &ndash March 4, 1986) was a Canadian Poet and Novelist. Year 1940 ( MCMXL) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. See also Kingdom of Great Britain Great Britain (Breatainn Mhòr Prydain Fawr Breten Veur Graet Breetain is the larger of the two main islands George Granville Barker ( 26 February 1913 &ndash 27 October 1991) was an English Poet and Author. By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept is a novel of Prose poetry written by the Canadian author Elizabeth Smart and published in She memorably intertwined the callous police interrogation under this law with quotations about love from the Song of Songs.

In the late 1950s, Kid Cann, a notorious organized crime figure from Minneapolis, Minnesota, was prosecuted and convicted under the Mann Act after transporting a prostitute from Chicago to Minnesota. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive Isadore Blumenfeld ( September 8, 1900 &ndash June 21, 1981) commonly known as Kid Cann, was the most notorious Mobster "Crime syndicate" redirects here For the DC Comics group of villains see Crime Syndicate. Prostitution is the act of performing Sexual activity in exchange for Money. His conviction was later overturned on appeal. Even later, Kid Cann was prosecuted and convicted of offering a $25,000 bribe to a juror at his trial under the Mann Act. Jury tampering is the Crime of unduly attempting to influence the composition and/or decisions of a Jury during the course of a trial.

The 1948 Mann Act prosecution of Frank LaSalle for abducting Florence Sally Horner is believed to have been an inspiration for Vladimir Nabokov in writing his novel Lolita. Florence Sally Horner (1937&ndash1952 was a girl abducted by a Child molester in 1948 This page is about the novelist For his father the politician see Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov. Lolita (1955 is a Novel by Vladimir Nabokov, first written in English and published in 1955 in Paris, later translated by the author The book's protagonist Humbert Humbert, seeking to escape watchful eyes and bind the girl Dolores Haze more closely to him, also conducted a multi-state road trip during the course of the story. Lolita (1955 is a Novel by Vladimir Nabokov, first written in English and published in 1955 in Paris, later translated by the author [8]

Mann Act case decisions by the United States Supreme Court

Notable individuals prosecuted under the Act

Notable individuals investigated under the Act

References

  1. ^ Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones (2007). The FBI: A History. Yale University Press. Yale University Press is a book Publisher founded in 1908. It became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but remained ISBN 0300119143.  
  2. ^ Adams, Cecil. "The Straight Dope: Was there really such a thing as 'white slavery'?" Chicago Reader, Jan. 15, 1999.
  3. ^ Adams, Cecil. "The Straight Dope: Was there really such a thing as 'white slavery'?" Chicago Reader, Jan. 15, 1999.
  4. ^ U. S. Constitution, Article I, Section 8, Clause 3.
  5. ^ U. S. Constitution, Article I, Section 8, Clause 17; Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2.
  6. ^ THE MANN ACT OF 1910
  7. ^ Adams, Cecil. "The Straight Dope: Was there really such a thing as 'white slavery'?" Chicago Reader, Jan. 15, 1999.
  8. ^ Alexander Dolinin. What Happened to Sally Horner?: A Real-Life Source of Nabokov's Lolita. zembla. Art & Humanities Library of Pennsylvania State University. The Pennsylvania State University (commonly known as Penn State) is a state-related, land-grant, space grant public research University Retrieved on 2008-03-10. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing Humbert, the narrator, at one point explicitly refers to LaSalle.
  9. ^ Gentry, Curt (2001). J. Edgar Hoover: The Man and the Secrets. W. W. Norton & Company, 272. ISBN 0393321282.  
  10. ^ New York Times, "Spitzer Is Linked to Prostitution Ring", 2008-03-10, Retrieved: 2008-03-10

External links

2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 241 BC - First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates Islands - The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing
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