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Manchester City F. C.
Manchester City crest
Full name Manchester City Football Club
Nickname(s) The Citizens, The Blues, City
Founded 1880, as
St Mark's (West Gorton)
Ground City of Manchester Stadium
Manchester
England
(Capacity 47,726[1])
Chairman Thaksin Shinawatra
Manager Mark Hughes
League Premier League
2007–08 Premier League, 9th
Team colours Team colours Team colours
Team colours
Team colours
　
Home colours
Team colours Team colours Team colours
Team colours
Team colours
　
Away colours

Manchester City Football Club is an English professional football club based in the city of Manchester. Football club names are a part of the sport 's culture reflecting century-old traditions This is a of lists of the use of Nicknames in football (soccer. The City of Manchester Stadium, which is also known as COMS or Eastlands, is a sports venue in Manchester, England. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland The following is a list of Association football stadia. They are ordered by their capacity, that is the maximum number of spectators that the (ทักษิณ ชินวัตร IPA tɕʰinnawát Chinese: 丘[[wikt 達|達]] 新, Qiū Dáxīn nicknamed by the media as แม้ว Leslie Mark Hughes (born 1 November 1963 in Ruabon, Wrexham, Wales) nicknamed Sparky, is a former Welsh international football The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a Team sport played between two teams of eleven players and is widely considered A football team or a football club, in football (soccer is the collective name given to a number of players who play together in a Football game be it Association They are currently members of the English Premier League. The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs

Originally formed in 1880 as St. The following are the Association football events of the year 1880 throughout the world Marks (West Gorton), they then became Ardwick A. F. C. in 1887 before changing their name to Manchester City F. The following are the events of 1887 in Association football. C. in 1894. The following are the Association football events of the year 1894 throughout the world The club has won the League Championship twice, the FA Cup four times, the League Cup twice and the European Cup Winners Cup once. The Football League First Division was the highest division of The Football League between 1993 and 2004 and the highest division of English football overall between The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after The Football League Cup, commonly known as the League Cup, is an English football competition The club's most successful period was during the late 1960s and early 1970s, when they won several major trophies under the management team of Joe Mercer and his assistant Malcolm Allison, and with great players such as Colin Bell and Francis Lee. Joseph 'Joe' Mercer, OBE ( 9 August 1914 - 9 August 1990) was an English football player and manager Malcolm Alexander Allison (born 5 September 1927 in Dartford) is an English former football player and manager. Colin Bell MBE ( 26 February 1946) is a former English football player who was born in Hesleden, County Durham Francis Henry Lee (born 29 April 1944 in Westhoughton, near Bolton, Lancashire) is a former professional footballer

However, the club has not won a major honour since 1976. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1976 throughout the world The club's decline led to relegation twice in three years in the 1990s, meaning they spent one year in the third tier of English football. In many Sports leagues around the world (with North American and Australian professional leagues being the most notable exceptions promotion and relegation The English football league system, also known as the football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for club football in England (although However, the club has since regained Premier League status, putting City back in the top flight, the division in which they have spent the majority of their history. The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs

Contents

History

For more details on this topic, see History of Manchester City F.C.. This article is about the history of Manchester City FC, a football club based in Manchester, United Kingdom.
The Manchester City team which won the FA Cup in 1904
The Manchester City team which won the FA Cup in 1904

Manchester City F. C. was founded as St. Marks (West Gorton) in 1880 by Anna Connell and two wardens of St. Mark's Church, who also worked in the nearby iron factory, in Gorton, a district in east Manchester. Gorton is a district of the City of Manchester in North West England. In 1887, they moved to a new ground at Hyde Road, in Ardwick just to the east of the city centre, and were renamed Ardwick A. Hyde Road was a football Stadium in Ardwick, Manchester, England Ardwick is a district of the City of Manchester, in North West England. F. C. to reflect their new location. [2] Ardwick joined the Football League as founding members of the Second Division in 1892. The Football League, also known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons is a league competition featuring professional football clubs From 1892 until 1992 the Football League Second Division was the second highest division overall in English football. The following are the Association football events of the year 1892 throughout the world Financial troubles in the 1893-94 season led to a reorganisation within the club, and Ardwick were reformed as Manchester City F. C.

City gained their first honours by winning the Second Division in 1899; with it came promotion to the highest level in English football, the First Division. The following are the Association football events of the year 1899 throughout the world The Football League First Division was the highest division of The Football League between 1993 and 2004 and the highest division of English football overall between They went on to claim their first major honour on 23 April 1904, beating Bolton Wanderers 1-0 at Crystal Palace to win the FA Cup; City narrowly missed out on a League and Cup double that season after finishing runners-up in the League. Events 215 BC - A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1904 throughout the world Bolton Wanderers Football Club is an English professional football club based in Horwich, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater The National Sports Centre at Crystal Palace in south London, England is a large Sports centre and athletics track The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football, run by and named after The Double is a term in football, which refers to winning a country's top tier division and its primary cup competition in the same season In the seasons following the FA Cup triumph, the club was dogged by allegations of financial irregularities, culminating in the suspension of seventeen players in 1906, including captain Billy Meredith, who subsequently moved across town to Manchester United. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1906 throughout the world William Henry "Billy" Meredith ( 30 July 1874 &ndash 19 April 1958) was one of the early superstars of football winning each of the [3] A fire at Hyde Road destroyed the main stand in 1920, and in 1923 the club moved to their new purpose-built stadium at Maine Road in Moss Side. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1920 throughout the world The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1923 throughout the world This article is about the stadium for the football club see Maine Road F Moss Side is a residential suburb district and electoral ward of Manchester in North West England situated two miles

In the 1930s, Manchester City reached two consecutive FA Cup finals, losing to Everton in 1933, before claiming the Cup by beating Portsmouth in 1934. Everton Football Club is an English football club located in the city of Liverpool. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1933 throughout the world Portsmouth Football Club is an English football club based in the south coast city of Portsmouth. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1934 throughout the world The club won the First Division title for the first time in 1937, but were relegated the following season, despite scoring more goals than any other team in the division. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1937 throughout the world [4] 20 years later, a City team inspired by a tactical system known as the Revie Plan reached consecutive FA Cup finals again, in 1955 and 1956; just as in the 1930s, they lost the first one, to Newcastle United, and won the second. The Revie Plan was a tactical system in Football (soccer used by Manchester City in the 1950s Newcastle United Football Club (also known as The Magpies or The Toon) is an English football club based in Newcastle upon The 1956 final, in which Manchester City beat Birmingham City 3-1, is one of the most famous finals of all-time, and is remembered for City goalkeeper Bert Trautmann continuing to play on after unknowingly breaking his neck. Route to the final FA Cup 1955-56 Build-up The 1956 final was the second time Birmingham had reached the showpiece match having lost 2–1 to West Bromwich Albion Birmingham City Football Club is an English Professional football club based in the city of Birmingham. Bernhard Carl "Bert" Trautmann OBE (born 22 October 1923 in Bremen, Germany is a German football Goalkeeper who played for

After relegation to the Second Division in 1963, the future looked bleak with a record low home attendance of 8,015 against Swindon Town in January 1965. The following are the Association football events of the year 1963 throughout the world Swindon Town Football Club is an English football club based in Swindon, Wiltshire, who currently play in League One. The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1965 throughout the world In the summer of 1965, the management team of Joe Mercer and Malcolm Allison was appointed. Joseph 'Joe' Mercer, OBE ( 9 August 1914 - 9 August 1990) was an English football player and manager Malcolm Alexander Allison (born 5 September 1927 in Dartford) is an English former football player and manager. In the first season under Mercer, City won the Second Division title and made important signings in Mike Summerbee and Colin Bell. Mike Summerbee (born 15 December 1942 in Preston) is an English footballer, who played in the successful Manchester City side of Colin Bell MBE ( 26 February 1946) is a former English football player who was born in Hesleden, County Durham Two seasons later, in 1967-68, Manchester City claimed the League Championship for the second time, clinching the title on the final day of the season with a 4-3 win at Newcastle United. Newcastle United Football Club (also known as The Magpies or The Toon) is an English football club based in Newcastle upon Further trophies followed: City won the FA Cup in 1969, before achieving European success by winning the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1970, beating Górnik Zabrze 2-1 in Vienna. The 1969 FA Cup Final took place on Saturday 26 April 1969, at Wembley Stadium, London between Leicester City and Manchester City The following are the Football (soccer events of the year 1970 throughout the world Górnik Zabrze ( pron ˈgurɲik ˈzabʐɛ) is a Polish football club from Zabrze. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. City also won the League Cup that season, becoming the second English team to win a European trophy and a domestic trophy in the same season. The Football League Cup, commonly known as the League Cup, is an English football competition

The club continued to challenge for honours throughout the 1970s, finishing just one point behind the league champions on two occasions and reaching the final of the 1974 League Cup. One of the matches from this period that is most fondly remembered by supporters of Manchester City is the final match of the 1973–74 season against arch-rivals Manchester United, who needed to win to be sure of avoiding relegation. Former United player Denis Law scored with a backheel to give City a 1-0 win at Old Trafford and confirm the relegation of their rivals. Denis [5] The final trophy of the club's most successful period was won in 1976, when Newcastle United were beaten 2-1 in the League Cup final. Newcastle United Football Club (also known as The Magpies or The Toon) is an English football club based in Newcastle upon

A long period of decline followed the success of the 1960s and 1970s. Malcolm Allison rejoined the club to become manager for the second time in 1979, but squandered large sums of money on unsuccessful signings, such as Steve Daley. Steve Daley (born April 15, 1953 in Barnsley) is a former English footballer, who played as a Midfielder. A succession of managers then followed – seven in the 1980s alone. City reached the 1981 FA Cup final but lost in a replay to Tottenham Hotspur. Tottenham Hotspur, ˈtɒʔnəm is an English professional football club which currently plays in the Premier League. The club were twice relegated from the top flight in the 1980s (in 1983 and 1987), but recovered to finish fifth in Division One twice in succession under the management of Peter Reid. For the Ironman Triathlete see Peter Reid (triathlete Peter Reid (born 20 June 1956 in Huyton, Liverpool) is an However, this was only a temporary respite, and following Reid's departure Manchester City's fortunes continued to fade. City were founders of the Premier League upon its creation in 1992, but were relegated to Division One in 1996. The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs After two seasons in Division One, City fell to the lowest point in their history, becoming the first ever European trophy winners to be relegated to English football's third tier.

After relegation, the club underwent off-the-field upheaval, with new chairman David Bernstein introducing greater fiscal discipline. David Bernstein is a British business executive who is the former chairman of French Connection and Manchester City F [6] City were promoted at the first attempt, achieved in dramatic fashion in a playoff against Gillingham. Gillingham Football Club is an English professional football club based in the town of Gillingham, Kent. A second successive promotion saw City return to the top division, but this proved to have been a step too far for the recovering club, and in 2001 City were relegated once more. Kevin Keegan arrived as the new manager in the close season, bringing an immediate return to the top division as the club won the 2001-02 Division One championship, breaking club records for the number of points gained and goals scored in a season in the process. Joseph Kevin Keegan, OBE (born 14 February 1951 is a former footballer, and former England national team coach who has been manager of various [7]

Manchester City (blue) in action against Wigan Athletic in the FA Cup, January 2006
Manchester City (blue) in action against Wigan Athletic in the FA Cup, January 2006

The 2002–03 season was the last at Maine Road, and included a 3-1 derby victory over rivals Manchester United, ending a run of 13 years without a derby win. The Manchester derby is the name given to football matches between Manchester City and Manchester United. [8] City also qualified for the UEFA Cup through the "Fair Play ranking", earning the club's first entry into European competition in 25 years. The UEFA Cup is a football competition for European club teams organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA. The UEFA Fair Play ranking is used by UEFA to grant three berths for the first qualifying round of the UEFA Cup. In the 2003 close season the club moved to the new City of Manchester Stadium. The City of Manchester Stadium, which is also known as COMS or Eastlands, is a sports venue in Manchester, England.

In March 2005, Kevin Keegan left the club, and Stuart Pearce took over as caretaker, leading his side to an eight-match unbeaten run at the end of the season as they just missed out on European qualification. Joseph Kevin Keegan, OBE (born 14 February 1951 is a former footballer, and former England national team coach who has been manager of various Stuart Pearce MBE (born 24 April 1962 in Hammersmith, London) is an English football manager and Pearce was rewarded by being given the manager's position on a permanent basis. The 2005–06 season started brightly for Manchester City; the club held a top-six position until November. However, form deteriorated in the second half of the season and City finished 15th.

In the 2006–07 season City struggled to score goals, particularly at home. The team created a new record for the fewest goals scored at home in a season in the top flight (beating Sunderland's 14 in 2002–03 and Woolwich Arsenal's 11 in 1912–13),[9] scoring only 10 goals (having missed two penalties in the last two home matches) as City finished in fourteenth place. Sunderland Association Football Club is a professional Association football team based in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England, which plays in The season's troubles culminated in the sacking of manager Stuart Pearce and his coaching staff.

Pearce's successor, Sven-Göran Eriksson, took over City in July 2007, a year after resigning as England's coach. Sven-Göran Eriksson ( born February 5 1948 is a Swedish football manager, who is currently the manager of the Mexico national football team. The English national football team represents England in international football and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football [10] City won the first three games of the season (including the local derby to Manchester United), with no goals against, but were finally halted on the fourth game against Arsenal. However the team's performances at home saw them win ten consecutive home games from the opening home win against Derby on the 15th August, until the team lost to Tottenham Hotspur 2-0 in the Carling Cup on December 18th over four months later. After that, despite doing the double over Manchester United, performances were far weaker than in the earlier half of the season. When, it became clear with two matches still to play that the Chairman intended to sack Eriksson at the end of the season,[11] it prompted protests from City fans and amazement from many others, raising questions about the power and motivation of billionaire owners of football clubs. With the club in some turmoil, City lost their last game of the season at Middlesbrough 8-1, but still qualified for the UEFA Cup through the Fair Play ranking. The UEFA Cup is a football competition for European club teams organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA. The UEFA Fair Play ranking is used by UEFA to grant three berths for the first qualifying round of the UEFA Cup. Eriksson took the team on a tour of Thailand and Hong Kong in mid-May, but was offically sacked on June 2, 2008[12] He was replaced by Mark Hughes two days later. The Kingdom of Thailand (ˈtaɪlænd ราชอาณาจักรไทย, râːtɕʰa-ʔaːnaːtɕɑ̀k-tʰɑj Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Leslie Mark Hughes (born 1 November 1963 in Ruabon, Wrexham, Wales) nicknamed Sparky, is a former Welsh international football [13]

Colours and crest

Manchester City crest from 1972–1997
Manchester City crest from 1972–1997

Manchester City's home colours are sky blue and white. Traditional away kit colours have been either maroon or (from the 1960s) red and black; however, in recent years several different colours have been used. A kit (also known as a "strip" or "uniform" is the standard equipment and attire worn by players in Association football. In the 04/05 season, the team wore a white shirt with purple shorts and white socks, while the following season, the away kit was all navy blue. During the 2006–07 season, they sported an all-black (with grey trim) second strip. However, when away to Premiership teams who wore predominantly dark blue as their first choice colours in the 05/06 and 06/07 seasons, the team generally changed to a third kit, which was yellow shirts with black shorts and socks. The Premier League, colloquially referred to as the Premiership, is an English professional league for football clubs The club tried to justify the use of yellow as a Manchester City colour in an article in one of their match day programs, by saying that it was used in 1950s & 60s. The colour they were referring to was, indeed, amber with a maroon trim - and was very rarely used.

For the 07/08 season, white pin stripes appear on the home and away shirts. The away kit is all purple in colour. There is also a third kit, which consists of a white shirt with a sky blue flash over the club badge, sky blue shorts and white socks.

The origins of the club's home colours are unclear, but there is evidence that the club have worn blue since 1892 or earlier. One prominent rumour places the origins of the sky blue kit with a link to free masonry. A booklet entitled Famous Football Clubs - Manchester City published in the 1940s indicates that West Gorton (St. Marks) originally played in scarlet and black, and reports dating from 1884 describe the team wearing black jerseys bearing a white cross, showing the club's origins as a church side. [14] The red and black away colours come from former assistant manager Malcolm Allison, who believed that adopting the colours of A.C. Milan would inspire City to glory. Malcolm Alexander Allison (born 5 September 1927 in Dartford) is an English former football player and manager. Associazione Calcio Milan, commonly referred to by the abbreviation Milan, is an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy [15]

The current club crest was adopted in 1997, a result of the previous crest being ineligible for registration as a trademark. A trademark or trade mark, represented by the symbols ™ and ®, or mark is a distinctive sign or indicator used by an individual The badge is based on the arms of the city of Manchester, and consists of a shield in front of a golden eagle. A coat of arms or armorial bearings (often just arms for short in European tradition is a design belonging to a particular person (or group of people The Golden Eagle ( Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere The shield features a ship on its upper half representing the Manchester Ship Canal, and three diagonal stripes in the lower half, for the city's three rivers. The Manchester Ship Canal is a wide long river navigation in North West England, opened on 21 May 1894 The bottom of the badge bears the Latin motto Superbia in Praelia, which translates as Pride in Battle. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. Above the eagle and shield are three stars, which are purely decorative. [16]

City have previously worn two other crests on their shirts. The first, introduced in 1970, was based on designs which had been used on official club documentation since the mid-1960s. It consisted of a round badge which used the same shield as the current crest, inside a circle bearing the name of the club. In 1972, this was replaced by a variation which replaced the lower half of the shield with the red rose of Lancashire. Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea On occasions when Manchester City play in a major cup final, the usual crest is not used; instead shirts bearing a badge of the arms of the City of Manchester are used, as a symbol of pride in representing the city of Manchester at a major event. This practice originates from a time when the players' shirts did not normally bear a badge of any kind, but has continued throughout the history of the club. [17]

Stadium

The City of Manchester stadium
The City of Manchester stadium

Manchester City's current stadium is the City of Manchester Stadium, a state-of-the-art 48,000-seater stadium situated in East Manchester ("Eastlands") and leased from Manchester City Council after the 2002 Commonwealth Games. The City of Manchester Stadium, which is also known as COMS or Eastlands, is a sports venue in Manchester, England. The 2002 Commonwealth Games were held in Manchester, England from 25 July to 4 August 2002 The stadium has been City's home since the end of the 2002–03 season, when the club moved from Maine Road. This article is about the stadium for the football club see Maine Road F

Before moving to the stadium, Manchester City spent about £35million on upgrading it and lowering the field of play from ground level (where it was during the Commonwealth Games) to below ground level, adding an additional tier of seating around the entire pitch and also building the new North Stand. The inaugural match at the new stadium was a 2-1 win over FC Barcelona in a friendly match, with the first goal at the stadium scored by Nicolas Anelka. Fútbol Club Barcelona ( Catalan fudˈbɔɫ ˌklup bəɾsəˈlonə Spanish ˈfutβol ˌkluβ baɾθeˈlona known familiarly as Barça (Spanish ˈbaɾsa Catalan An exhibition game (also known as an exhibition match or simply exhibition, or a demonstration or demo event is a sporting event Nicolas Anelka (born March 14, 1979 in Versailles, France) is a French football Striker who plays for [18]

Manchester City have also used several other grounds during their history. After playing home games at five different grounds between 1880 and 1887, the club settled at Hyde Road and stayed for 36 years. Hyde Road was a football Stadium in Ardwick, Manchester, England After a fire destroyed the Main Stand in 1920, the club decided to look for a new site, moving to the 84,000-capacity Maine Road in 1923, which was nicknamed the "Wembley of the North" by designers. On 3 March 1934, Maine Road hosted the largest-ever crowd at an English club ground, when 84,569 attended an FA Cup tie against Stoke City. Events 1284 - Statute of Rhuddlan incorporated the Principality of Wales into England 1575 - Indian Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Stoke City Football Club is a football club based in Stoke-on-Trent, England. [19] Maine Road was redeveloped several times over its 80-year lifespan, though by 1995 its capacity was restricted to 32,000, prompting the move to the City of Manchester Stadium. Its capacity of 47,726 is the 5th highest in the FA Premier League.

Supporters

Manchester City have a large fanbase in relation to their comparative lack of success on the pitch. Since moving to the City of Manchester Stadium, Manchester City's average attendances have been in the top six in England,[20] though in the 2006/2007 season City's attendances fell slightly, to an average league attendance of approximately 40,000. Even in the late 1990s, when the club were relegated twice in three seasons and playing in the third tier of English football (then Division Two, now Football League One), home attendances were in the region of 30,000, compared to an average for the division of fewer than 8,000. Football League One (often referred to as League One for short or Coca-Cola Football League 1 for sponsorship reasons is the second-highest division of The Football [21] Research carried out by Manchester City estimates a fanbase of 886,000 in the United Kingdom and a total in excess of 2 million worldwide. [22]

Manchester City have a number of supporters organisations, of which three have official recognition: the Official Supporters Club, the Centenary Supporters Association and the International Supporters Club. There have been several fanzines published by supporters; the longest running is King of the Kippax and it is the only one still published. A fanzine (see also Zine) is a nonprofessional publication produced by fans of a particular cultural phenomenon (such as a literary or musical genre for the pleasure

Celebrity City supporters include brothers Liam and Noel Gallagher of the Manchester-based rock band, Oasis. A celebrity is a widely-recognized or famous person who commands a high degree of public and media attention William John Paul "Liam" Gallagher (born September 21, 1972 in Burnage, Manchester) is the lead singer of the British rock band Noel Thomas David Gallagher (born 29 May 1967 in Manchester, England is the lead guitarist backing vocalist and occasional lead vocalist of British rock band Oasis Rock music is a genre of Popular music often though not necessarily employing Electric guitar, Bass guitar, and Drums. Oasis are an English rock band that formed in Manchester in 1991 On 27–28 April 1996, the group played their first headline outdoor concerts at the Maine Road ground. Highlights from the second night featured on the video ...There And Then, released later the same year.

The City fans' song of choice is a rendition of "Blue Moon", which despite its melancholic theme is belted out with gusto as though it were a heroic anthem. " Blue Moon " is a classic popular song. It was written by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart in 1934, and has become a standard Ballad City supporters tend to believe that unpredictability is an inherent trait of their team, and label unexpected results "typical City". [23][24] Events that fans regard as "typical City" include City's being the only reigning English champions ever to be relegated (in 1938), the only team to score and concede over 100 goals in the same season (1957–58),[25] or the more recent example that City were the only team to beat Chelsea in the 2004–05 Premiership, yet in the same season City were knocked out of the FA Cup by Oldham Athletic, a team two divisions lower. Oldham Athletic Football Club (2004 Ltd, more commonly Oldham Athletic Football Club or informally Oldham Athletic, is an English football club

Manchester City's biggest rivalry, inevitably, is with neighbours Manchester United, against whom they contest the Manchester derby. The Manchester derby is the name given to football matches between Manchester City and Manchester United. Unlike some other football rivalries in some other cities, such as Glasgow and Seville, the rivalry between City and United does not have its origins in religion and before the Second World War, when travel to away games was rare, many Mancunian football fans regularly watched both teams even if considering themselves "supporters" of only one. The term Old Firm refers to the rivalry between the Scottish football teams Celtic and Rangers, both based in Glasgow Seville ( Spanish: Sevilla, see also different names) is the artistic cultural and financial capital of southern Spain. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including This practice continued into the early 1960s but as travel became easier, and the cost of entry to matches rose, watching both teams became unusual and the rivalry intensified.

A common stereotype is that City fans come from Manchester proper, while United fans come from elsewhere. A 2002 report by a researcher at Manchester Metropolitan University found that a higher proportion of City season ticket holders came from Manchester postcode areas, although United had a higher number of season ticket holders living in Manchester postcode areas, as they had more season ticket holders overal. Manchester Metropolitan University is a university based in the city of Manchester. A postal code (known in various countries as a post code, postcode, or ZIP code) is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a [26] The report contained a caveat that the number of City season tickets had since increased (the report was compiled before City's move to the City of Manchester Stadium), and following stadium expansion United have more than doubled their number of season ticket holders. Caveat lector is a Latin phrase meaning "Let the reader beware

In the late 1980s, City fans started a craze of bringing inflatable objects to matches, primarily oversized bananas. An inflatable is an object that can be inflated with a gas usually with Air, but Hydrogen, Helium and Nitrogen are also used For the fruit see Banana. For other meanings see Banana (disambiguation. One explanation for the craze is that in a match against West Bromwich Albion chants from fans calling for the introduction of Imre Varadi as a substitute mutated into "Imre Banana". West Bromwich Albion Football Club (also known as West Brom, The Baggies, Albion, The Albion, The Throstles or WBA) are Imre Varadi (born 8 July 1959, Paddington) is an English former football player of Hungarian origin who played as a centre Terraces packed with inflatable-waving supporters became a frequent sight in the 1988–89 season as the craze spread to other clubs (inflatable fish were often seen at Grimsby Town), with the phenomenon reaching a peak at City's match at Stoke City on 26 December 1988, a match declared by fanzines as a fancy dress party. Grimsby Town are an English Football club playing in League Two, the fourth tier of English football Stoke City Football Club is a football club based in Stoke-on-Trent, England. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 1988 ( MCMLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar) [27] In the 2006/2007 season, City's FA Cup run to the sixth round of the competition saw the re-emergence of the inflatables craze, with hundreds of yellow and blue bananas being brought to cup matches.

In August 2006, the club became the first to be officially recognised as a "gay-friendly" employer by campaign group Stonewall (UK). Stonewall is a Gay rights campaign organisation in the United Kingdom named after the Stonewall Inn of Stonewall riots fame [28]

The official mascots of the club are the space aliens "Moonchester" and "Moonbeam", puns on the club's anthem Blue Moon. Moonchester is the official mascot of Manchester City Football Club. " Blue Moon " is a classic popular song. It was written by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart in 1934, and has become a standard Ballad

They also have been voted the most loyal fans in the premership by the BFFA (British Football Fans Association) just above the teams Liverpool and Portsmouth.

Ownership

Main article: Ownership of Manchester City F.C.

The holding company of Manchester City F. The Ownership of Manchester City FC traces back to 1894 when Ardwick A C. , Manchester City Limited, is a private limited company. A limited company in the United Kingdom is a Corporation whose liability is limited by law The club has approximately 54 million shares in issue. In the summer of 2007, the major shareholders agreed to sell their holdings to UK Sports Investments Limited (UKSIL), a company controlled by former Thailand prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra. (ทักษิณ ชินวัตร IPA tɕʰinnawát Chinese: 丘[[wikt 達|達]] 新, Qiū Dáxīn nicknamed by the media as แม้ว UKSIL then made a formal offer to buy the shares held by several thousand small shareholders.

Prior to the Thaksin takeover, the club was listed on the specialist independent equity market PLUS (formerly OFEX),[29] where it had been listed since 1995. On the 6th July 2007, having acquired 75% of the shares, Thaksin delisted the club and re-registered it as a private company. [30]. By August UKSIL had acquired over 90% of the shares, and exercised its rights under the Companies Act to "squeeze out" the remaining shareholders, and acquire the entire shareholding. Thaksin Shinawatra is chairman of the club, with former chairman and JD Sports founder[31] John Wardle deputy chairman. JD Sports, part of the John David Group and now more commonly known as just JD, is a sports- Fashion retail company based in Bury, England with John Wardle ( 1944 -) is currently the deputy chairman of Manchester City football club having accepted the post in 2007 Two of Thaksin's children, Pintongta and Panthongtae are also on the board of directors. Panthongtae Shinawatra (born December 2, 1979) (พานทองแท้ ชินวัตร nickname Oak is the only son of former Thai Prime Minister The club made a pre-tax loss of £11m in the year ending 31 May 2007, the final year for which accounts were published as a public company. [32]

Thaksin's purchase prompted a period of transfer spending without precedent at the club,[33] spending in excess of £30 million,[34] whereas over the previous few seasons net spending had been among the lowest in the division. Another initiative in the early months of Thaksin's ownership was the establishment of a network of partner clubs, with relationships with clubs in China (Shanghai Shenhua), South Africa (Thanda Royal Zulu), Russia (FC Moscow), Switzerland (Grasshopper-Club Zürich), Thailand (Chonburi) and Australia (Perth Glory). Shanghai Shenhua ( Simplified Chinese: 上海申花 is a Chinese Super League football club Thanda Royal Zulu is a South African Association football club based in Durban. This article refers to the Moscow government team formed in 2004 Grasshopper-Club Zürich commonly referred to as simply GC, GCZ, or Grasshopper is a Swiss Multisports club based in Zürich Chonburi FC (สโมสรฟุตบอลชลบุรี is a Thai football club based in Chonburi province. Perth Glory FC is an association football (soccer club from Perth Western Australia, playing in the A-League. [35][36]

Players and staff

As of 24 April 2008. Events 1479 BC - Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common [37]

Current squad

No. Position Player
1 Flag of Sweden GK Andreas Isaksson
2 Flag of England DF Micah Richards (vice-captain)
3 Flag of England DF Michael Ball
4 Flag of England DF Nedum Onuoha
6 Flag of England MF Michael Johnson
7 Flag of Ireland MF Stephen Ireland
8 Flag of Brazil MF Geovanni
9 Flag of Belgium FW Émile Mpenza
11 Flag of Brazil MF Elano
12 Flag of England FW Darius Vassell
14 Flag of Scotland FW Paul Dickov
15 Flag of Bulgaria MF Martin Petrov
16 Flag of Croatia DF Vedran Ćorluka
17 Flag of the People's Republic of China DF Sun Jihai
No. In many team Sports a goalkeeper (termed goaltender netminder, goalie, or keeper in some sports Andreas Isaksson ( an'dreːas 'ɪːsakˌsɔn born October 3 1981 in Trelleborg) is a Swedish football Goalkeeper who currently plays for In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Micah Lincoln Richards (born 24 June 1988 in Birmingham, West Midlands) is an English footballer who is currently playing for Manchester City In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Michael John Ball (born 2 October 1979 in Liverpool, Merseyside) is an English professional footballer who currently plays In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Chinedum "Nedum" Onuoha (born 12 November 1986 in Warri, Nigeria) is an English footballer. For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Michael Johnson (born 24 February 1988 in Urmston Manchester) is a professional footballer with Man City and has made appearances at an international level For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Stephen James Ireland (born August 22 1986 in Cobh, County Cork) is an Irish footballer playing in England for For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Geovanni redirects here For other people with a similar name see Geovani Geovanni Deiberson Maurício, often known as Geovanni, (born Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Eka Basunga Lokonda "Émile" Mpenza (born July 4, 1978 in Brussels) is a Belgian footballer, of DR Congolese parentage For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Elano Blumer (born June 14, 1981 in Iracemápolis, São Paulo) is a Brazilian football player who currently plays for the Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Darius Markus Vassell (born 13 June 1980 in Sutton Coldfield) is an English international footballer who plays club football in the Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Paul Dickov (born November 1 1972 in Livingston, West Lothian) is a Scottish footballer who currently plays as a Striker for Leicester For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Martin Petyov Petrov (Мартин Петьов Петров (born 15 January 1979 in Vratsa, Vratsa Province) is a Bulgarian In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Vedran Ćorluka t͡ɕorluka (born February 5, 1986 in Derventa, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, Yugoslavia) is a Croatian In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Sun Jihai ( Simplified Chinese: 孙继海 (born 30 September 1977 in Dalian, China) is a Chinese football Position Player
20 Flag of Ecuador FW Felipe Caicedo
21 Flag of Germany MF Dietmar Hamann
22 Flag of Ireland DF Richard Dunne (captain)
24 Flag of Spain DF Javier Garrido
25 Flag of England GK Joe Hart
27 Flag of Zimbabwe FW Benjani Mwaruwari
28 Flag of Switzerland MF Gelson Fernandes
29 Flag of Bulgaria FW Valeri Bojinov
30 Flag of Mexico MF Nery Castillo (on loan from Shakhtar Donetsk)
34 Flag of England DF Sam Williamson
36 Flag of England FW Daniel Sturridge
37 Flag of Nigeria MF Kelvin Etuhu
38 Flag of England DF Shaleum Logan
See also: Manchester City F.C. Reserves and Academy

Out on loan

No. Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Felipe Salvador Caicedo Corozo (born September 5, 1988 in Guayaquil) is an Ecuadorian football Striker who plays for For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Dietmar "Didi" Hamann (born August 27, 1973 in Waldsassen, Bavaria) is a German Midfielder who currently plays In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Richard Patrick Dunne ( Irish name: Risteárd Ó Duinn) (born September 21 1979 in Dublin) is an Irish footballer In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Javier Garrido Behobide, (born 15 March 1985 in Irun) is a Spanish football player who currently plays for Manchester City In many team Sports a goalkeeper (termed goaltender netminder, goalie, or keeper in some sports Charles Joseph "Joe" Hart (born 19 April 1987 in Shrewsbury, Shropshire) is an English football goalkeeper with Manchester City Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Benjamin Mwaruwari, commonly known as Benjani, (born 13 August 1978 in Bulawayo, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) is a footballer For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Gelson Fernandes (born 2 September, 1986 in Praia) is a Swiss football midfielder born in the Cape Verde islands who plays Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Valeri Emilov Bozhinov (Валери Емилов Божинов və For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Nery Alberto Castillo Confalonieri (born 13 June 1984 in San Luis Potosí) nicknamed El Diablo is a Mexican international football player who currently "FC Shakhtar" redirects here For other uses see Shakhtar (disambiguation. In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Samuel James "Sam" Williamson (born October 15, 1987 in Macclesfield, England) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Daniel Andre Sturridge (born September 1, 1989 in Birmingham, West Midlands) is an English footballer who currently plays For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Kelvin Etuhu (born May 30, 1988 in Kano, Kano State) is a Nigerian born English footballer currently for In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring Shaleum Narval Logan (born November 6 1988 in Manchester, Greater Manchester) is an English footballer who plays as a Reserves Manchester City Reserves are the reserve team of Manchester City F Position Player
10 Flag of Italy FW Rolando Bianchi (on loan to Lazio)
18 Flag of England DF Danny Mills (on loan to Derby County)
19 Flag of Denmark GK Kasper Schmeichel (on loan to Coventry City)
No. Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Rolando Bianchi (born February 15, 1983 in Albano Sant'Alessandro, Bergamo) is an Italian footballer, currently playing Società Sportiva Lazio, ( commonly referred to SS Lazio or simply Lazio, is an Italian professional Sports club most noted for its football In Association football (soccer a defender is a player who tries to prevent the other team from scoring This article is about the footballer For the actor see Danny Mills (actor. Derby County Football Club is a professional football club based at Pride Park Stadium in Derby England. In many team Sports a goalkeeper (termed goaltender netminder, goalie, or keeper in some sports Kasper Peter Schmeichel (born November 5, 1986 in Copenhagen) is a Danish professional football player who plays as a goalkeeper Coventry City Football Club, otherwise known as the Sky Blues owing to the traditional colour of their strip is an association football club based in Coventry, Position Player
33 Flag of Wales FW Ched Evans (on loan to Norwich City)
–– Flag of Italy FW Bernardo Corradi (on loan to Parma)
–– Flag of Greece FW Georgios Samaras (on loan to Celtic)

Retired numbers

Main article: Retired numbers in football
No. Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Chedwyn Michael "Ched" Evans (born 28 December, 1988 in Rhyl) is a Welsh footballer currently playing for Manchester City PLEASE NOTE This section is the introduction Please do not add too much detail here Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Bernardo Corradi (born 30 March, 1976 in Siena) is an Italian footballer, who plays in the position of Striker. Parma Football Club (formerly Parma Associazione Calcio) is an Italian football club based in Parma, Emilia-Romagna, team that Strikers, also known as forwards and attackers, are the players on a team in Association football (soccer in the row nearest to the opposing Georgios Samaras (Γιώργος Σαμαράς born 21 February 1985 in Heraklion) is a Greek footballer who currently plays as a Striker for The Celtic Football Club is a Scottish football club based in the east end of Glasgow, which currently plays in the Scottish Premier League. Football clubs around the world sometimes retire Squad numbers to recognise players' loyal service or tragic death Position Player
23 Flag of Cameroon MF Marc-Vivien Foé (posthumous honour)

Since 2003, Manchester City have not issued the squad number 23. For the Australian Rules position see Midfielder (Australian Rules. Marc-Vivien Foé ( May 1, 1975 - June 26, 2003) was a Cameroonian international football player who played in midfield It was retired in memory of Marc-Vivien Foé, who was on loan to the club from Olympique Lyonnais at the time of his death on the field of play playing for Cameroon in the 2003 Confederations Cup. Football clubs around the world sometimes retire Squad numbers to recognise players' loyal service or tragic death Marc-Vivien Foé ( May 1, 1975 - June 26, 2003) was a Cameroonian international football player who played in midfield Olympique Lyonnais (popularly known as OL, or simply Lyon) is a French football club based in Lyon. The Cameroon national football team, nicknamed Lions Indomptables (Indomitable Lions, is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football and is Africa's The 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup football tournament was the sixth FIFA Confederations Cup, held in France in June 2003

Technical staff

Position Name
Manager Flag of Wales Mark Hughes
Assistant Manager Flag of Wales Mark Bowen
First Team Coach Flag of England Derek Fazackerley
Reserve Team Manager Flag of England Ian Miller
Head Physio Flag of England Ally Beatie
Chief Scout Flag of England Graham Carr
Youth Academy Director Flag of England Jim Cassell
Goalkeeping Coach Flag of England Eric Steele
Fitness and Conditioning Coach Flag of Italy Stefano Marrone

Board

Position Name
Chairman Flag of Thailand Thaksin Shinawatra
Deputy Chairman Flag of England John Wardle
Chief Executive Flag of England Alistair Mackintosh
Director Flag of England Bryan Bodek
Director Flag of Thailand Pintongta Shinawatra
Director Flag of Thailand Panthongtae Shinawatra
Director Flag of Thailand Sasin Monvoisin
Executive Director Flag of Thailand Yingluck Shinawatra
Executive Director Flag of Thailand Taweesuk Srisumrid
Executive Chairman Flag of England Garry Cook

Hall of fame

For more details on this topic, see List of Manchester City F.C. players. Leslie Mark Hughes (born 1 November 1963 in Ruabon, Wrexham, Wales) nicknamed Sparky, is a former Welsh international football Mark Rosslyn Bowen (born 7 December 1963) is a Welsh football coach and former player Derek William Fazackerley (born November 5 1951 in Preston, England) is an English former footballer, who spent the majority William Graham Carr (born October 25, 1944 in Corbridge, Northumberland) is an English former professional footballer and Jim Cassell is Youth Academy Director at Manchester City Football Club. Eric Steele is a former English footballer turned coach currently employed as a goalkeeping coach at Manchester United. (ทักษิณ ชินวัตร IPA tɕʰinnawát Chinese: 丘[[wikt 達|達]] 新, Qiū Dáxīn nicknamed by the media as แม้ว John Wardle ( 1944 -) is currently the deputy chairman of Manchester City football club having accepted the post in 2007 Panthongtae Shinawatra (born December 2, 1979) (พานทองแท้ ชินวัตร nickname Oak is the only son of former Thai Prime Minister NOTE Please do not simply add one to appearance figures for current players after a match these statistics may not have been updated for several weeks and may be out of date

The following players are members of Manchester City's Hall of Fame,[38] and are listed according to year of Manchester City first-team debut (year in parentheses):

Notable former managers

For more details on this topic, see List of Manchester City F.C. managers. This is a chronological list of Manchester City managers, comprising all those who have held the position of manager for the first team of Manchester City F

The following managers have all won at least one major trophy with Manchester City (Totals include competitive matches only):

Name From To Played Won  Drawn Lost
Flag of Scotland Tom Maley 1902 1906 150 89 22 39
Flag of England Wilf Wild 1932 1946 354 158 124 72
Flag of England Les McDowall 1950 1963 592 220 127 245
Flag of England Joe Mercer 1965 1971 340 149 94 97
Flag of England Tony Book 1974 1979 269 114 75 80

Honours

Preceded by
Š.K. Slovan Bratislava		 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Winner
1970
Runner up: Górnik Zabrze		 Succeeded by
Chelsea

Records

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ Stadium History. Manchester City FC official website. Retrieved on September 18, 2006. Events 96 - Nerva is proclaimed Roman Emperor after Domitian is assassinated Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
  2. ^ James, Gary (2006). Manchester City - The Complete Record. Derby: Breedon. ISBN 1-85983-512-0.   p23
  3. ^ James, pp 59–65.
  4. ^ England 1937/38. league table from RSSSF. Retrieved on December 29, 2005.
  5. ^ Other results meant United would have been relegated if the match had been drawn, but neither team knew this at the time.
  6. ^ Buckley, Andy; Burgess, Richard (2000). Blue Moon Rising: The Fall and Rise of Manchester City. Bury: Milo. ISBN 0-9530847-4-4.   p177
  7. ^ Manchester City - The Complete Record, p265
  8. ^ Goater double gives City derby win. RTÉ. Retrieved on 2007-05-28. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 585 BC - A Solar eclipse occurs as predicted by Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling
  9. ^ "Manchester City on course for low-scoring record
  10. ^ "Eriksson named Man City manager", BBC Sport, 2007-07-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England Retrieved on 2007-07-20. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1304 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirling Castle - King Edward I of England takes the last rebel stronghold  
  11. ^ Austin, Simon (2008-04-29). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1429 - Joan of Arc arrives to relieve the Siege of Orleans. Eriksson to be sacked by Man City. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2008-05-07. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 558 - In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses
  12. ^ Eriksson's reign at Man City ends. BBC Sport (2008-06-02). 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks Retrieved on 2008-06-02. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 455 - The Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks
  13. ^ "Manchester City appoint Mark Hughes", Manchester City FC, 2008-06-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Retrieved on 2008-06-04. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China.  
  14. ^ James, pp. 14–15
  15. ^ Nicking the shirts off their backs. The Guardian. Retrieved on December 18, 2006.
  16. ^ City Top Tens. Manchester City official website. Retrieved on June 20, 2007.
  17. ^ David Clayton, Everything Under the Blue Moon (Mainstream Publishing, 2002), 21.
  18. ^ Man City vanquish Barca. BBC article. Retrieved on December 28, 2005.
  19. ^ True Blue facts about Manchester City. BBC article. Retrieved on December 28, 2005.
  20. ^ Top 30 English Football Clubs by League Attendances. footballeconomy. com attendance table 2002-2005. Retrieved on December 30, 2005.
  21. ^ Average Attendances - English Football Divisions - 1994/95–2004/05. footballeconomy. com division attendance table 1995–2005. Retrieved on December 30, 2005.
  22. ^ Customer Success - Manchester City Football Club. Hewlett-Packard case study. Retrieved on April 4, 2007. (archive. org mirror)
  23. ^ FA Cup preview. ESPN Star article. Retrieved on March 24, 2006.
  24. ^ Typical City!. Unofficial supporters homepage. Retrieved on March 25, 2006.
  25. ^ Wallace, Dave (2007). Century City – Manchester City Football Club 1957/58. Leigh: King of the Kippax. ISBN 978-0-9557056-0-1.   page ix
  26. ^ Do You Come From Manchester?. Manchester Metropolitan University study. Retrieved on January 9, 2008.
  27. ^ The Inflatables Craze. Manchester City Football Club Supporters' Homepage. Retrieved on December 30, 2005.
  28. ^ Top club backs gay rights. Premiership side set to change footballing attitudes by introducing 'gay-friendly' policy. ' Homepage. Retrieved on August 27, 2006.
  29. ^ Manchester City plc. PLUS Markets Group. Retrieved on April 30, 2007.
  30. ^ Thaksin completes Man City buyout. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2007-07-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1044 - The Battle of Ménfő takes place 1189 - Richard the Lionheart is crowned King of England
  31. ^ Takeover bid hits JD Sports shares. Thisismoney. Retrieved on January 7, 2008.
  32. ^ MCFC Annual Group Accounts published. Manchester City plc. Retrieved on April 23, 2008.
  33. ^ Eriksson continues Man City spending. Reuters. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks
  34. ^ Bojinov joins Man City. FIFA. Retrieved on 2008-01-13. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 532 - Nika riots in Constantinople. 888 - Odo Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks
  35. ^ Partner Club Information. Manchester City FC. Retrieved on 2007-14-11.
  36. ^ Partner Club Information. Manchester City FC. Retrieved on 2007-16-11.
  37. ^ 2007 / 2008 first team squad statistics. Manchester City FC. Retrieved on 2007-07-02. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 310 - Pope Miltiades is elected 626 - In fear of assassination Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival
  38. ^ Hall of Fame. Manchester City official website. Retrieved on August 19, 2006.
  39. ^ Up until 1992, the top division of English football was the Football League First Division; since then, it has been the FA Premier League. At the same time, the Second Division was renamed the First Division, and the Third Division was renamed the Second Division.
  40. ^ The figure of £13 million includes the valuation of Alioune Touré, who went to Paris Saint-Germain as part of the deal. Alioune Touré (born 9 September 1978 in Saint-Denis) is a French football striker of Malian descent

See also

External links

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