| Brain: Mammillary body | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| The hypophysis cerebri in position. Shown in sagittal section. (Label "corpus mamillare" at right. ) | ||
 | ||
| Coronal section of brain through intermediate mass of third ventricle. (Label "corpus mamillare" at bottom. ) | ||
| Latin | corpus mamillare | |
| Gray's | subject #188 813 | |
| Part of | Midbrain | |
| System | Limbic | |
| Components | medial mammillary nucleus lateral mammillary nucleus | |
| Acronym(s) | mmb | |
| NeuroNames | hier-395 | |
| MeSH | Mamillary+Bodies | |
The mammillary bodies (mamillary bodies) are a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain, that form part of the limbic system. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. This is a list of the subjects in Gray's Anatomy: IX Neurology In biological anatomy the mesencephalon (or midbrain) comprises the Tectum (or corpora quadrigemini Tegmentum, the ventricular mesocoelia (or "iter" The limbic system, or Paleomammalian brain is a term for a set of brain structures including the Hippocampus and Amygdala and anterior thalamic nuclei and a limbic NeuroNames is a system of nomenclature for the human and/or macaque Brain. Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books The brain is the center of the Nervous system in animals All Vertebrates and the majority of Invertebrates have a brain The limbic system, or Paleomammalian brain is a term for a set of brain structures including the Hippocampus and Amygdala and anterior thalamic nuclei and a limbic They are located at the ends of the anterior arches of the fornix. In fields of Anatomy, anatomical terms of location are descriptive terms to help identify relative positions or directions within a species The fornix (Latin "vault" or "arch" is a C-shaped bundle of fibres ( Axons in the Brain, and carries signals from the Hippocampus They consist of two groups of nuclei, the medial mammillary nuclei and the lateral mammillary nuclei.
Neuroanatomists have often categorized the mammillary bodies as part of the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus links the Nervous system to the Endocrine system via the Pituitary gland (hypophysis [1]
Contents |
Connections
They are connected to other parts of the brain (as shown in the schematic, below left), and act as a relay for impulses coming from the amygdalae and hippocampi, via the mamillo-thalamic tract to the thalamus. The la amygdalae ( Latin, also la corpus amygdaloideum, singular la amygdala, from Greek el αμυγδαλή grc-Latn amygdalē, 'almond' The hippocampus is a part of the Forebrain, located in the medial Temporal lobe. The mammillothalamic fasciculus ( mammillothalamic tract, thalamomammillary fasciculus, bundle of Vicq d’Azyr) arises from cells in both the medial and The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος = room chamber, IPA= /ˈθæləməs/ is a pair and symmetric part of the brain
This circuit, from amygdalae to mamillary bodies, and then on to the thalamus, is part of the larger 'Papez circuit'. Described by James Papez in 1937, the Papez circuit of the Brain is one of the major pathways of the Limbic system and is chiefly involved
Function
They, along with the anterior and dorsomedial nuclei in the thalamus, are involved with the processing of recognition memory.
Pathology
The mammillary bodies are parts of the brain known to be significantly damaged by alcohol intoxication, especially by chronic alcohol abuse and associated deficiency of thiamine. Intoxication is the state of being affected by one or more psychoactive drugs. Alcohol abuse, as described in the DSM-IV, is a psychiatric diagnosis describing the use of Alcoholic beverages despite negative consequences For the similarly spelled pyrimidine see Thymine Thiamin or thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1 Researchers, in 1998, also noted visible abnormalities in the mammillary bodies of individuals with autism. Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Language development. The terminology [2]
Damage to the mammillary bodies due to thiamine deficiency is implied in pathogenesis of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. For the similarly spelled pyrimidine see Thymine Thiamin or thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1 Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (also called Wet brain, Korsakoff psychosis alcoholic encephalopathy Wernicke's disease and encephalopathy - alcoholic is a manifestation Symptoms include impaired memory, also called anterograde amnesia, suggesting that the mammillary bodies may be important for memory. In Psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store retain and subsequently retrieve information Anterograde amnesia is a loss of Memory of what happens after the event that caused the Amnesia; it is different from Retrograde amnesia, where memories Lesions of the medial dorsal and anterior nuclei of the thalami and lesions of the mammillary bodies are commonly involved in amnesic syndromes in humans. Amnesia (from Greek) is a condition in which Memory is disturbed [3]
Additional images
 Brain |  Human brainstem anterior view |
References
- ^ M. B. Carpenter and J. Sutin: Human Neuroanatomy (8th edition) 1983
- ^ - "The Auditory System: Anatomy and Maturation" at www.conradsimon.org
- ^ Duprez T, Serieh B, Raftopoulos C (2005). "Absence of memory dysfunction after bilateral mammillary body and mammillothalamic tract electrode implantation: preliminary experience in three patients". AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 26 (1): 195-7; author reply 197-8. PMID 15661728.
External links
- Vann S, Aggleton J (2004). "The mammillary bodies: two memory systems in one?". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 5 (1): 35-44. doi:. A digital object identifier ( DOI) is a permanent identifier given to an Electronic document. PMID 14708002.
- TheFreeDictionary.com - 'Mammillary body'
- Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-3
Dictionary
mammillary body
-noun
- (anatomy) One of a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the human brain, at the ends of the anterior arches of the fornix. They form part of the limbic system and are often categorized as part of the hypothalamus. They consist of two groups of nuclei, the medial mammillary nuclei and the lateral mammillary nuclei.
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic