Magnus III Birgersson (1240–1290), usually called Magnus Ladulås (Magnus Barnlock), was king of Sweden from 1275 until his death in 1290. "Sverige" redirects here For other uses see Sweden (disambiguation and Sverige (disambiguation.
He is the first Magnus to rule Sweden so that posterity recognizes him as legitimate king and not generally regarded as a usurper or a pretender (but third Magnus to have been proclaimed Sweden's king and ruled there). Later historians ascribe his epithet "Ladulås" to a decree of 1279 or 1280 freeing the yeomanry from the duty to provide sustenance for travelling nobles and bishops ("Peasants! Lock your barns!"); another theory is that it's simply a corruption of Ladislaus, which could possibly have been his second name, considering his Slavic heritage.
The Alsnö stadga (Ordinance of Alsnö) from 1279 or 1280 also gave anyone who undertook to provide the Crown with a mounted warrior (knight) and a warhorse, the freedom from certain taxes (such a liberty was called frälse in Swedish). The Ordinance of Alsnö (Alsnö stadga is an act by king Magnus Ladulås of Sweden, probably produced in Alsnö hus in September 1280 giving exemption This is often said to be the foundation of the Swedish nobility, although the gradual development of this privileged group into a hereditary class would take centuries and not become formalized until long into the 16th century. The Swedish nobility ( Adeln) were historically a legally privileged class in Sweden, part of the so-called Frälse (a classification
Magnus was the second son of Birger jarl (Birger Magnusson, 1200-66) and Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden, herself the youngest sister of the childless king Eric XI of Sweden, and the youngest daughter of Eric X of Sweden and Richeza of Denmark. born Birger Magnusson (c 1210 – 21 October 1266) was a Swedish statesman a member of the House of Bjelbo, who played a pivotal role Ingeborg Eriksdotter (c 1212 &ndash c 1254 was a Swedish Princess and Duchess daughter of king Eric X of Sweden, eldest sibling of king Eric XI of Sweden, wife Eric XI Ericsson ( Old Norse: Eiríkr Eiríksson) (1216 – February 2, 1250) den läspe och halte: "the lisp and lame" Erik Knutsson ( Old Norse: Eiríkr Knútsson) sometimes anachronistically numbered as Eric X (c His father designated Magnus as his successor in powers of the jarl, henceforward titled Duke of Sweden. In Sweden, members of medieval royal families such as the House of Stenkil and House of Bjelbo, held the title of jarl before their ascension The elder brother, Valdemar I of Sweden had become the king succeeding their maternal uncle in 1250. Valdemar Birgersson (1239 &ndash 1302 King of Sweden 1250 &ndash 1275/1288/1302 was the son of princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden and
In 1275, duke Magnus started a rebellion against his brother with Danish help, and ousted him from the throne. Instead, Magnus was elected King at the Stones of Mora. Stones of Mora was the place where the Swedish kings were elected In 1276, Magnus Ladulås married his second wife Helwig of Holstein, daughter of Gerhard I of Holstein (through her mother Elisabeth of Mecklenburg, she was a descendant of Christina, the putative daughter of Sverker II of Sweden, and of Ulvhild of Saxony, a descendant of Astrid Olofsdotter, Queen of Norway and daughter of Olof I of Sweden). Helvig (or Helwig or Hedvig of Holstein, (1260-1324 was a Swedish Queen, married to king Magnus III of Sweden. Olof was king in Sweden when Ansgar made his second voyage to Birka in the year 854. A papal annulment of Magnus' first marriage and a dispensation for his second (necessary because of consanguinuity) were issued ten years later, in 1286. Consanguinity (" con- (with sanguine (blood -ity" refers to the property of being from the same Lineage as another person Helvig later acted as Queen Regent, probably 1290–1302 and 1320–1327.
The deposed king Valdemar managed, with Danish help in turn, to regain provinces in Gothenland, the southern part of the kingdom, and Magnus had to recognize it in 1277. Götaland ( Gothia, Gothland, Gothenland, Gotland, Gautland, Geatland is one of three lands of Sweden However, Magnus regained them c. 1278 and assumed officially the additional title rex Gothorum, King of the Goths, starting the tradition of "King of the Swedes and the Goths". The title of King of the Goths (Götes konung Gothernes konge / De Gothers konge gothorum rex was for many centuries borne by both the Kings of Sweden and the Kings of
King Magnus' youngest brother Benedict, then archdeacon, acted as his Lord High Chancellor of Sweden, and in 1284 Magnus rewarded him with the Duchy of Finland. bishop Benedict Duke of Finland (1254 - 25 May 1291 was a Swedish Prelate and a royal Duke. The Rikskansler ("Lord High Chancellor" literally Chancellor of the Realm or Realm Chancellor) were members of the Privy Council of Sweden and Duke of Finland (in Finnish Suomen herttua; Swedish hertig av Finland) was an occasional medieval title granted as a Tertiogeniture
He died when his sons were yet underage. Magnus ordered his kinsman Torgils Knutsson, the Lord High Constable of Sweden as the guardian of his heir, the future king Birger of Sweden, who was about ten years old at father's death. Torkel ( Tyrgils or Torgils) Knutsson, known well as Marshal Torkel, (?–1306 of Aranäs, was Marshal and virtual ruler The High Council of Sweden or Council of the Realm (in Swedish Riksrådet until 1687 sometimes Latinised as Senatus Regni Sueciae) consisted originally Birger Magnusson (1280 &ndash May 31, 1321) was hailed king of Sweden when he was four years old
Children of his second marriage to Helvig of Holstein
- Ingeborg Magnusdotter of Sweden, born abt. Princess Ingeborg Magnusdotter of Sweden, (b1277 Sweden- d 5 April or 15 August 1319) was a Danish queen consort daughter of king Magnus III of 1279. Married King Eric VI of Denmark, Erik Menved. Eric VI Menved ( 1274 - 13 November 1319) was King of Denmark (1286-1319 and a son of Eric V and Agnes of Brandenburg
- Birger Magnusson, born abt. Birger Magnusson (1280 &ndash May 31, 1321) was hailed king of Sweden when he was four years old 1280, king of Sweden.
- Eric Magnusson, Duke of Södermanland in 1302 and Halland etc c 1305, born abt. Eric Magnusson was the second son of Magnus Ladulås of Sweden and his Queen consort Helvig of Holstein. 1282. Died of starvation 1318 at Nyköpingshus castle while imprisoned by his brother King Birger.
- Valdemar Magnusson, Duke of Finland in 1302 and Öland 1310. Valdemar Magnusson (died February 16 1318) was Duke of Finland, a Swedish prince and the third son of king Magnus I of Sweden and his queen Duke of Finland (in Finnish Suomen herttua; Swedish hertig av Finland) was an occasional medieval title granted as a Tertiogeniture Died of starvation 1318 at Nyköpingshus castle while imprisoned by his brother King Birger.
- Rikissa Magnusdotter, abbess of the convent of Sta Clara at Stockholm. Died after 1347.
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Magnus Ladulås
Born: 1240 Died: December 18, 1290 |
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| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Valdemar Birgersson |
King of Sweden 1275-1290 |
Succeeded by Birger Magnusson |
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