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Madeleine Albright
Madeleine Albright
In office
January 23, 1997 – January 20, 2001
President Bill Clinton
Preceded by Warren Christopher
Succeeded by Colin Powell
In office
January 27, 1993 – January 21, 1997
President Bill Clinton
Preceded by Edward J. Perkins
Succeeded by Bill Richardson
Born May 15, 1937 (1937-05-15) (age 71)
Prague, Czechoslovakia[1]
Political party Democratic
Spouse Joseph Medill Patterson Albright (1959-1982) (divorced)
Profession Diplomat
Religion Episcopalian

Madeleine Korbel Albright (born Marie Jana Korbelová on May 15, 1937) was the first woman to become United States Secretary of State. The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Warren (Chris Minor Christopher (born October 27, 1925) is an American Diplomat, Lawyer, and Public servant. Colin Luther Powell, KCB (Honorary MSC, (born April 5, 1937) is a retired General in the United States Army. The United States Ambassador to the United Nations (full title Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status Events 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Events 1189 - Philip II of France and Richard I of England begin to assemble troops to wage the Third Crusade. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Edward Joseph Perkins (born June 8, 1928) was an American diplomat William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is the current Governor of New Mexico and was a candidate for the 2008 Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Democratic Party is one of two major Political parties in the United States, the other being the Republican Party. Joseph Medill Patterson Albright (born circa 1935 is the former husband of Madeleine Albright, former United States Secretary of State. Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States. Events 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal bull Ad exstirpanda, which authorizes but also limits the Year 1937 ( MCMXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs She was appointed by President Bill Clinton on December 5, 1996 and was unanimously confirmed by the United States Senate 99-0. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Events 63 BC - Cicero reads the last of his Catiline Orations. Year 1996 ( MCMXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar) The United States Senate is the Upper house of the bicameral United States Congress, the Lower house being the House of Representatives She was sworn in on January 23, 1997. Events 393 - Roman Emperor Theodosius I proclaims his nine year old son Honorius co-emperor Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar She is currently a professor at Georgetown University. Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D

Contents

Personal information

Marie Jana Korbelová IPA: [ˈmarɪjɛ ˈjana ˈkorbɛlova:] was born in Prague,[1] Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic) and raised as a Roman Catholic by her parents, who had converted from Judaism in order to escape persecution. Prague (ˈprɑːg Praha (ˈpraɦa see also other names) is the Capital and Largest city of the Czech Republic. Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic ( ˈt͡ʃɛskaː ˈrɛpuˌblɪka short form in Česko ˈt͡ʃɛskɔ also called Czechia, Judaism (from the Greek Ioudaïsmos, derived from the Hebrew יהודה Yehudah, " Judah " in Hebrew יַהֲדוּת Yahedut [2] She has a brother, John, who later became an economist. "Madeleine" was the French version of "Madlenka", a nickname given by her grandmother Albright adopted the new name when she attended a Swiss boarding school. Albright is the daughter of a diplomat—her father, Josef Korbel, served in the Czech diplomatic service. Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting Negotiations between representatives of groups or states Josef Korbel (born Josef Körbel 20 September 1909 Letohrad - 18 July 1977 Denver) was a Czechoslovakian Diplomat and U Her brother said, "Madeleine had a special relationship with our father, partly because she followed so closely in his footsteps. " Later in life, she joined the Episcopal Church in the USA. The Episcopal Church is the official name of the Province of the Anglican Communion in the United States.

From 1936 to 1939 the Korbel Family lived in Belgrade, and in 1939 the Korbel family fled to London. Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. Many of her Jewish relatives in Czechoslovakia were killed in the Holocaust, including three of her grandparents. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Czechoslovakia may also refer to what is now the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Holocaust (from the Greek el ''ὁλόκαυστον'' (el-Latn holókauston holos, "completely" and kaustos, "burnt" also known as [3]

She and her parents fled again when the Communists assumed power over Czechoslovakia, moving to the United States in 1948. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Once settled there, Josef became the founding dean of the Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Denver. The University of Denver (DU 's Graduate School of International Studies (GSIS is graduate school located in Ben Cherrington Hall (BCH on the DU campus The University of Denver ( DU) founded in 1864 is the oldest private University in the Rocky Mountain Region of the United States. Korbel later taught future Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. Condoleezza Rice (born November 14 1954 is the 66th United States [4] In Madam Secretary, Albright wrote of how her mother told her that Rice was her father's favorite student. At Josef's funeral, Rice gave the family a planter shaped like a piano in the memory of Korbel.

Albright attended school in Switzerland and in Denver at Kent Denver School, and later majored in political science on a scholarship at Wellesley College in Massachusetts. Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation Kent Denver School is a private, Co-educational, non-sectarian college preparatory High school and Middle school in Cherry Hills Village Political science is a branch of Social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of Politics and the description and analysis of Political systems Wellesley College is a women's liberal arts college, in Wellesley Massachusetts, that opened in 1875 founded by Henry Fowle Durant The Commonwealth of Massachusetts ( is a state located in the New England region of the northeastern United States. She became a US citizen in 1957. After Wellesley graduation in May 1959, she married Chicago newspaper journalist Joseph Medill Patterson Albright, whom she had met working a summer job with the Denver Post. Joseph Medill Patterson Albright (born circa 1935 is the former husband of Madeleine Albright, former United States Secretary of State. The Denver Post is a daily Newspaper and online website published in Denver Colorado.

They had three daughters, twins Anne and Alice, and Katie. When the twins were born six weeks prematurely, Albright took a course in Russian as a distraction. By the end of their hospital stay, she was fluent in the language. While raising her family, she earned a PhD in Public Law and Government from Columbia University. "PhD" redirects here for other uses see PhD (disambiguation. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. [5]

The couple divorced in 1982.

Albright is multilingual, being fluent in English, French, and Czech in addition to Russian, with good speaking and reading abilities in Polish and Serbo-Croatian. English is a West Germanic language originating in England and is the First language for most people in the United Kingdom, the United States French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Czech (ˈʧɛk čeština ˈʧɛʃcɪna in Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers it is the majority language in the Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland. The Serbo-Croatian language or Croato-Serbian language (cрпскохрватски језик srpskohrvatski jezik) is a South Slavic Diasystem

After her retirement, Albright published her memoir, Madam Secretary (2003) ISBN 0-7868-6843-0 and The Mighty and the Almighty: Reflections on America, God, and World Affairs (2006) ISBN 0-06-089257-9. The Mighty and the Almighty Reflections on America God and World Affairs is a 2006 memoir written by former United States Secretary of State Madeleine

Academic and public career

Madeleine Albright graduated from the Kent Denver School in 1955. Kent Denver School is a private, Co-educational, non-sectarian college preparatory High school and Middle school in Cherry Hills Village Awarded a BA from Wellesley College with honors in Political Science, she studied at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University, received a Certificate from the Russian Institute at Columbia University, and her Master's and Doctorate from Columbia University's Department of Public Law and Government. Wellesley College is a women's liberal arts college, in Wellesley Massachusetts, that opened in 1875 founded by Henry Fowle Durant Political science is a branch of Social sciences that deals with the theory and practice of Politics and the description and analysis of Political systems Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. She was also awarded Honorary Doctors of Laws from the University of Washington in 2002, University of Winnipeg in 2005 and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2007. See Washington (disambiguation for other uses The University of Washington, founded in 1861, is a public research University The University of Winnipeg ( U of W) is a Public university in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada that focuses primarily on Undergraduate The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ( UNC, North Carolina, or simply Carolina) is a public, Coeducational Research

From 1976 to 1978, she served as Chief Legislative Assistant to US Senator Edmund Muskie. Edmund Sixtus "Ed" Muskie ( March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic Politician From 1978 to 1981, as both a staff member of the White House and the National Security Council, Albright was an important Carter administration official responsible for the formulation of foreign policy legislation. James Earl "Jimmy" Carter Jr (born October 1 1924 was the thirty-ninth President of the United States, serving from 1977 to 1981 and the recipient of the 2002

From 1981 to 1982, Secretary Albright was awarded a fellowship at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars at the Smithsonian Institution following an international competition in which she wrote about the role of the press in political changes in Poland during the early 1980s. The Smithsonian Institution (smɪθsoʊnɪən is an educational and research institute and associated Museum complex administered and funded by the Government of Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland

From 1981 to 1982, she also served as a Senior Fellow in Soviet and Eastern European Affairs at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, conducting research in developments and trends in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. The Center for Strategic and International Studies is a Washington D

In 1981, she co-founded the Center for National Policy. The Center for National Policy (CNP is a non-profit non-partisan public policy organization dedicated to engaging government leaders with practical policy solutions on global security She also served as President of the organization.

In 1982, Albright was appointed Research Professor of International Affairs and Director of Women in Foreign Service Program at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service. Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D The Edmund A Walsh School of Foreign Service (commonly abbreviated SFS) is a school within Georgetown University in Washington D She taught undergraduate and graduate courses in international affairs, US foreign policy, Russian foreign policy, and Central and Eastern European politics, and was responsible for developing and implementing programs designed to enhance women's professional opportunities in international affairs. Foreign Policy is a bimonthly American Magazine founded in 1970 by Samuel P Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Central Europe is the Region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Eastern Europe is a general term that refers to the Geopolitical region encompassing the easternmost part of the European continent. She was voted "best teacher" four times. Before becoming Secretary of State, Albright served as US Ambassador to the United Nations in President Clinton's Cabinet. The United States Ambassador to the United Nations (full title Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status Today, Secretary Albright is once again a professor at Georgetown.

United States Ambassador to the United Nations

Albright gained recognition as a foreign policy adviser to vice-presidential nominee Geraldine Ferraro in 1984 and to presidential candidate Michael Dukakis in 1988. Geraldine Anne Ferraro (born August 26 1935) is an attorney and a Democratic politician and a former member of the United States House of Representatives Michael Stanley Dukakis (born November 3, 1933) is an American Democratic politician former Governor of Massachusetts, and was the Democratic Although both were defeated, she emerged as a key adviser to Democrats on foreign policy. Albright was appointed ambassador to the UN, her first diplomatic post, shortly after Clinton was inaugurated, presenting her credentials on February 9, 1993. Events 474 - Zeno crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) During her tenure at the UN, she had a rocky relationship with the United Nations Secretary-General, Boutros Boutros-Ghali. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 She did not take action against the genocide in Rwanda. Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction in whole or in part of an ethnic racial religious or national group The Republic of Rwanda (ruːˈændə or /rəˈwɑːndə/ in English ɾwanda or in Kinyarwanda is a small Landlocked country in the Albright later remarked in PBS documentary Ghosts of Rwanda that "it was a very, very difficult time, and the situation was unclear. You know, in retrospect, it all looks very clear. But when you were [there] at the time, it was unclear about what was happening in Rwanda. "[6]

In 1994, in her role as the United State's UN permanent representative she led efforts to deny declaring the massacres in Rwanda genocide [7]. The State Department instructed the White House press secretary to avoid using the words "genocide" and to substitute the terms "acts of genocide". She also led resistance to a new mandate to a new UN mission towards "ensuring" stability and security in the provinces of Rwanda [8].

She was also criticized for defending the sanctions of Iraq under Saddam Hussein, and for answering a loaded question while doing so. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics. Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic: ar صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي --> April 28 1937 &ndash December 30 Many questions, also known as complex question, presupposition, loaded question, "trick question", or plurium interrogationum [9] In 1996, she made highly controversial remarks in an interview with Lesley Stahl on CBS's 60 Minutes. Lesley Rene Stahl In 1977 Stahl married author Aaron Latham. The couple currently lives in New York. CBS Broadcasting Inc ( CBS) is an American radio and Television network. Not to be confused with the BBC news magazine program Sixty Minutes (TV series. When asked by Stahl with regards to effect of sanctions against Iraq: "We have heard that half a million children have died. I mean, that's more children than died in Hiroshima. The Japanese city of ( is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture, and the largest city in the Chūgoku region of western Honshū, the largest of Japan 's And, you know, is the price worth it?" Albright replied: "I think this is a very hard choice, but the price — we think the price is worth it. "[10] She expressed regret for this remark in her 2003 autobiography, where she wrote,

I must have been crazy; I should have answered the question by reframing it and pointing out the inherent flaws in the premise behind it. … As soon as I had spoken, I wished for the power to freeze time and take back those words. My reply had been a terrible mistake, hasty, clumsy, and wrong. … I had fallen into a trap and said something that I simply did not mean. That is no one’s fault but my own. [11]

When asked about it in 2005 she said "I never should have made it, it was stupid," and that she still supported the concept of tailored sanctions. [12]

Both Bill Clinton and Madeleine Albright insisted that an attack on Hussein could only be stopped if Hussein reversed his decision to halt arms inspections. "Iraq has a simple choice. Reverse course or face the consequences," Albright said. [13]

The lawyers of Mohamed Rashed Daoud Al-Owhali, convicted in the 1998 bombing of the US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya, used Albright's 60 Minutes comment in an attempt to save the terrorist from the death penalty. Mohamed Rashed Daoud Al-Owhali is one of the four former Al-Qaeda members sentenced in 2001 to Life without parole for their parts in the 1998 United States embassy [14]

Also in 1996, after Cuban pilots shot down two small civilian aircraft flown by the Cuban exile group Brothers to the Rescue into Cuban territory, she announced, "This is not cojones. Brothers to the Rescue ( Hermanos al Rescate) is a Miami -based Activist organization headed by José Basulto. Cojones ko'xones is a vulgar Spanish word for Testicles corresponding to "balls" or " Bollocks " This is cowardice. " The line reportedly endeared her to President Clinton. Boutros Boutros-Ghali's spokesperson Sylvana Foa said of Albright, "She's no shrinking violet. Boutros Boutros-Ghali ( Arabic: بطرس بطرس غالي Coptic: Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲃⲟⲩⲧⲣⲟⲥ Ⲅⲁⲗⲏ (born November 14, 1922 She can be biting. "

Secretary of State

When Madeleine Albright was confirmed as the 64th Secretary of State of the United States, she became the first female United States Secretary of State and the highest-ranking woman in the history of the United States government. The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs Not being a natural born citizen of the United States, she was not eligible as Presidential Successor and was excluded from nuclear contingency plans. The presidential line of succession defines who may become or act as President of the United States upon the incapacity death resignation or removal from office (by Impeachment As Secretary, Dr. Albright reinforced America’s alliances, advocated democracy and human rights, and promoted American trade and business, labor and environmental standards abroad.

During her tenure, Albright considerably influenced American policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Middle East. Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East. She incurred the wrath of a number of Serbs in the former Yugoslavia for her perceived personal anti-Serb position and her role in participating in the formulation of US policy during the Kosovo War and Bosnian war as well as the rest of the Balkans. Serbs ( Serbian: Срби Srbi) are a South Slavic people living in the Balkans and Central Europe, mainly in Serbia, See also Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian Serbophobia, or Anti-Serb sentiment, is a term used to describe a sentiment of hostility or Hatred towards Serbs or Serbia. The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts in Kosovo: 1996–1999 The War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, commonly known as the Bosnian War, was an international armed conflict that took place between March 1992 and November 1995 But, together with President Bill Clinton, she remains a largely popular figure in the rest of the region, especially Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Croatia. William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between According to Albright's memoirs, she once argued with Colin Powell for the use of military force by asking, "What’s the point of you saving this superb military for, Colin, if we can't use it?" [15]

As Secretary of State she represented the United States at the Handover of Hong Kong on 1 July 1997. Colin Luther Powell, KCB (Honorary MSC, (born April 5, 1937) is a retired General in the United States Army. The United States Armed Forces are the overall unified military forces of the United States The transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China, often referred to as the Handover "July 1st" redirects here For the Ayumi Hamasaki song see H (song. Year 1997 ( MCMXCVII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1997 Gregorian calendar She boycotted the swearing-in ceremony of the China-appointed Legislative Council, which replaced the elected one, along with the British contingents. The Legislative Council ( LegCo) is the Unicameral Legislature of Hong Kong. [16]

According to several accounts, the American ambassador to Kenya, Prudence Bushnell, repeatedly asked Washington for additional security at the embassy in Nairobi, including in an April 1998 letter directly to Albright. Bushnell was ignored. [17] In "Against All Enemies," Richard Clarke writes about an exchange with Albright several months after the US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania were bombed in August 1998. "What do you think will happen if you lose another embassy?" Clarke asked. "The Republicans in Congress will go after you. " "First of all, I didn't lose these two embassies," Albright shot back. "I inherited them in the shape they were. "

In 1998, at the 50th anniversary NATO summit, Albright articulated what would become known as the "three Ds" of NATO, "which is no diminution of NATO, no discrimination and no duplication—because I think that we don't need any of those three "Ds" to happen. The North Atlantic Treaty "[18]

In 2000, Secretary Albright became one of the highest level Western diplomats ever to meet Kim Jong-il, the communist leader of North Korea, during an official state visit to that country. Kim Jong-il (also written as Kim Jong Il) (born 16 February 1941 Vyatskoye, Soviet Union; official biographies state 16 February 1942 Baekdu North Korea is the commonly used short form name for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (or DPRK) a State located in East Asia, [19]

In one of her last acts as Secretary of State, Albright on January 8, 2001, paid a farewell call on Kofi Annan and said that the United States would continue to press Iraq to destroy all its weapons of mass destruction as a condition of lifting economic sanctions, even after the end of the Clinton administration on January 20, 2001. Events 871 - Battle of Ashdown - Ethelred of Wessex defeats a Danish invasion army Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. Kofi Atta Annan, GCMG (born 8 April 1938 is a Ghanaian Diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations Events 250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Year 2001 ( MMI) was a Common year starting on Monday according to the Gregorian calendar. [20]

Morality ethics and humanity

One would have thought that genocide denialists would not be the most qualified people to lead an effort on averting future genocides. Yet, this is exactly what happened. Albright, a documented denier of the Armenian Genocide shamelessly stood in front of TV cameras at the National Press Club in Washington on November 13th, 2007 to declare that she with William Cohen is co-chairing a new "Genocide Prevention Task Force. William Sebastian Cohen (born 28 August 1940) is an author and American politician from the U Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction in whole or in part of an ethnic racial religious or national group " As soon as the two former high-ranking officials finished delivering their opening remarks at the press conference, they were confronted by skeptical members of the press and Armenian activists who questioned their sincerity and pointed out their hypocrisy. This accusatory exchange was covered extensively by CNN, AFP, AP, and The Jerusalem Post. Cable News Network, usually referred to by its Initialism CNN, is a major English language Television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner The Jerusalem Post is an Israeli daily English-language Broadsheet Newspaper, founded on December 1, 1932

Post-2001 career

Following Albright's term as US Secretary of State, many speculated that she might pursue a career in Czech politics. Politically the Czech Republic is a multi-party parliamentary representative democratic Republic. Czech President Václav Havel talked openly about the possibility of Albright succeeding him after he retired in 2002. Václav Havel, GCB, CC, ( (born October 5, 1936) is a Czech Playwright Writer and Politician Albright was reportedly flattered by suggestions that she should run for office, but denied ever seriously considering it. [21] She was the 2nd recipient of the Hanno R. Ellenbogen Citizenship Award presented by the Prague Society for International Cooperation.

Albright currently serves on the Council on Foreign Relations Board of directors. The Council on Foreign Relations ( CFR) is an American Nonpartisan foreign policy membership organization founded in 1921 and based at 58 East 68th Street (at [22] She is also currently the Mortara Distinguished Professor of Diplomacy at the Georgetown University Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington, DC. Georgetown University is a Jesuit Private university located in Georgetown Washington D The Edmund A Walsh School of Foreign Service (commonly abbreviated SFS) is a school within Georgetown University in Washington D Washington DC ( formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D On October 25, 2005, Albright guest starred on the TV drama Gilmore Girls as herself. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Gilmore Girls was an Emmy Award -winning Golden Globe -nominated American Comedy-drama series created by Amy Sherman-Palladino

In 2003, she accepted a position on the Board of Directors of the New York Stock Exchange. The New York Stock Exchange ( NYSE) is a Stock exchange based in New York City. In 2005, Albright declined to run for re-election to the Board in the aftermath of the Grasso compensation scandal, in which the Chairman of the NYSE Board of Directors, Dick Grasso, had been granted $187. Richard A Grasso (born 1946 in Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City) usually known by the nickname 'Dick' was chairman and chief executive of the 5-million dollars in compensation, with little governance by the board on which Albright sat. During the tenure of the interim chairman, John S. Reed, Albright served as chairwoman of the NYSE board's nominating and governance committee. John Shepard Reed (born 1939) is the former Chairman of the New York Stock Exchange. Shortly after the appointment of the NYSE board's permanent chairman in 2005, Albright submitted her resignation. [23]

On January 5, 2006, she participated in a meeting at the White House of former Secretaries of Defense and State to discuss United States foreign policy with George W. Bush administration officials. Events 1477 - Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is killed and Burgundy becomes part of France. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. See also Executive Office of the President of the United States The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the Official residence The Presidency of George W Bush began on his inauguration on January 20, 2001 as the 43rd and current President of the United States of America On May 5, 2006 she was again invited to the White House to meet with former Secretaries and Bush administration officials to discuss Iraq. Events 553 - The Second Council of Constantinople begins 1215 - Rebel Barons renounce their allegiance to King John Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Iraq topics.

Albright currently serves as chairperson of National Democratic Institute for International Affairs and as president of the Truman Scholarship Foundation. She is also the co-chair of the Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor and held the Chair of the Council of Women World Leaders Women's Ministerial Initiative up until November 16, 2007, succeeded by Margot Wallström. The Council of Women World Leaders was created at a 1996 summit meeting of 11 of the world's then-current and former Presidents and Prime ministers The first convening Margot Elisabeth Wallström (ˈmaɾːɡɔt ˈvalːstɾœm (born 28 September 1954 in Skellefteå) is a Swedish Social Democratic

In an interview given to Newsweek International published July 24, 2006, Albright gave her opinion in United States' current foreign policy. Newsweek is an American weekly Newsmagazine published in New York City. Events 1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. Albright said: "I hope I'm wrong, but I'm afraid that Iraq is going to turn out to be the greatest disaster in American foreign policy—worse than Vietnam. "[24]

In September 2006, she received the MiE Award, with Václav Havel, for furthering the cause of international understanding. Václav Havel, GCB, CC, ( (born October 5, 1936) is a Czech Playwright Writer and Politician

Albright has mentioned her physical fitness and exercise regimen in several interviews. She has said she is capable of leg pressing 400 pounds. The leg press is a Weight training Exercise in which the individual pushes a weight away from them using their legs [25][26]

Albright has endorsed and supports Senator Hillary Clinton (D-NY) in her 2008 campaign for President of the United States. A senate is a Deliberative body, often the Upper house or chamber of a Legislature or Parliament. Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26 1947 is the junior United States Senator from 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Albright has been a close friend of Senator Clinton and serves as her top informal advisor on foreign policy matters.

On May 13, 2007, two days before her 70th birthday, Albright received an honorary doctor of laws degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Events 1497 - Pope Alexander VI excommunicates Girolamo Savonarola. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ( UNC, North Carolina, or simply Carolina) is a public, Coeducational Research [27]

On Saturday 07 June 2008, Albright was commencement speaker at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois, at which former President Bill Clinton was the commencement speaker the year before. Albright was awarded an honorary degree as Doctor of Humane Letters by Knox College.

(Verify with Knox College, Galesburg, IL, 61401 and the Galesburg Register-Mail

http://www.galesburg.com)

References

  1. ^ a b Biography at The Washington Post
  2. ^ "Conversion of Albright's Jewish Family Followed a Well-Trod Path. " International Herald Tribune. The International Herald Tribune is a widely read English language international Newspaper
  3. ^ Shear, Michael D. . "Allen Says He Embraces His Jewish Ancestry", The Washington Post, September 20, 2006, p.  A01. Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  4. ^ Raz, Guy. "For Albright and Rice, Josef Korbel Is Tie that Binds", NPR, June 28, 2006. Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  5. ^ Biography: Madeleine Korbel Albright. U. S. Department of State (January 20, 2001). Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  6. ^ Interview Madeleine Albright. Ghosts of Rwanda. PBS Frontline (April 1, 2004 (Interview conducted on February 25, 2004)). Frontline is a public affairs television program of varying length produced at WGBH in Boston Massachusetts, and distributed through the Events 138 - The Emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius, effectively making him his successor "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again " Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  7. ^ (Source: Romeo Dallaires's Shake Hands with the Devil, p. 374)
  8. ^ (Source: Romeo Dallaires's Shake Hands with the Devil, p. 506)
  9. ^ "Albright's Blunder". Irvine Review (2002). Collegiate Network (also CN) is a Non-profit, Non-partisan Tax-exempt 501(c(3 organization that provides financial and technical Retrieved on 2007-12-31. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 406 – Vandals, Alans and Suebians cross the Rhine, beginning an invasion of Gallia.
  10. ^ Mahajan, Rahul (November/December 2001). "We Think the Price Is Worth It". FAIR. Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting ( FAIR) is a progressive Media criticism organization based in New York City, founded in 1986 Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  11. ^ Albright, Madeleine (2003). "Madam Secretary", 275.  
  12. ^ Madelaine Albright, former US Secretary of State, gives her views on future of Iraq and the trial of Saddam Hussein. (RealAudio). RealAudio is a proprietary Audio format developed by RealNetworks. BBC Radio 4 Today Programme (19 October 2005). Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German
  13. ^ "Hussein seeks 'just' solution to standoff", CNN, November 13, 1998. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 524 - Godomar, King of the Burgundians defeats the Franks at the Battle of Vézeronce.  
  14. ^ Hirschkorn, Phil. "Bomber's defense focuses on U.S. policy on Iraq", CNN, June 4, 2001. Retrieved on 2007-02-14. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 842 - Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German  
  15. ^ Albright, Madeleine (2003). "Madam Secretary", 182.
  16. ^ CNN - U.S. to boycott seating of new Hong Kong legislature - June 10, 1997
  17. ^ Before Bombings, Omens and Fears
  18. ^ News from the USIA Washington File
  19. ^ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/kim/interviews/Albright.html
  20. ^ U.S. Will Maintain Pressure on Iraq, Albright Says
  21. ^ BBC News | EUROPE | Albright tipped for Czech presidency
  22. ^ Board of Directors-Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved on 2007-12-06. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1060 - Béla I of Hungary is crowned king of Hungary 1240 - Mongol invasion of Rus: Kiev
  23. ^ Business: Interim NYSE chairman to stay another year
  24. ^ The Last Word: Madeleine Albright - Newsweek: International Editions - MSNBC.com
  25. ^ U.S. News - Washington Whispers, May 5, 2006
  26. ^ NPR - Madeline Albright Reveals Exercise Regimen For "Kicking Ass"
  27. ^ UNC News Release - Five to receive honorary degrees at Carolina's Spring Commencement

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Warren Christopher		 United States Secretary of State
Served under: Bill Clinton
1997 – 2001		 Succeeded by
Colin Powell
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by
Edward J. Perkins		 United States Ambassador to the United Nations
1993 – 1997		 Succeeded by
Bill Richardson
Warren (Chris Minor Christopher (born October 27, 1925) is an American Diplomat, Lawyer, and Public servant. The United States Secretary of State (commonly abbreviated as SecState) is the head of the United States Department of State, concerned with Foreign affairs William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19 1946 served as the forty-second President of the United States Colin Luther Powell, KCB (Honorary MSC, (born April 5, 1937) is a retired General in the United States Army. Edward Joseph Perkins (born June 8, 1928) was an American diplomat The United States Ambassador to the United Nations (full title Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status William Blaine "Bill" Richardson III (born November 15, 1947) is the current Governor of New Mexico and was a candidate for the 2008
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