MTT assay is a laboratory test and a standard colorimetric assay (an assay which measures changes in color) for measuring cellular growth. In scientific inquiry an experiment ( Latin: Ex- periri, "to try out" is a method of investigating particular types of research questions or Colorimetry or Colourimetry can refer to the quantitative study of Color perception It can also be used to determine cytotoxicity of potential medicinal agents and other toxic materials. Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells Examples of toxic agents are a Chemical substance, an Immune cell or some types of Venom Medicine is the art and science of healing It encompasses a range of Health care practices evolved to maintain and restore Human Health by the
Yellow MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) is reduced to purple formazan in the mitochondria of living cells. Numerical prefixes are usually derived from the words for numbers in various languages most commonly Greek and Latin, although this is not always the case In Chemistry, a methyl group is a Hydrophobic Alkyl Functional group named after Methane (4 Thiazole, or 13-thiazole, is a clear to pale yellow flammable liquid with a Pyridine -like odor and the molecular formula C3H3NS In Organic chemistry, the phenyl group or phenyl ring (often abbreviated as -Ph) is the Functional group with the formula - Tetrazoles are a class of synthetic organic heterocyclic compound, consisting of a 5-member ring of four Nitrogen and one Carbon Purple is a general term for the range of shades of Color occurring between Red and Blue. Formazan dyes are artificial Chromogenic substrates for Dehydrogenases and reductases In Cell biology, a mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed Organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. A solubilization solution (usually either dimethyl sulfoxide, an acidified ethanol solution, or a solution of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate in dilute hydrochloric acid) is added to dissolve the insoluble purple formazan product into a colored solution. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO is the Chemical compound with the formula (CH32SO A detergent (as a noun is a material intended to assist Cleaning. Sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS) or sodium dodecyl sulfate ( SDS or NaDS ( C 12 H 25 S[[oxygen O]]4 Hydrochloric acid is the Solution of Hydrogen chloride ( H[[Chlorine Cl]] in water Formazan dyes are artificial Chromogenic substrates for Dehydrogenases and reductases The absorbance of this colored solution can be quantified by measuring at a certain wavelength (usually between 500 and 600 nm) by a spectrophotometer. In Spectroscopy, the absorbance A is defined as A_\lambda = -\log_{10}(I/I_0\ where I is the intensity of light In Physics wavelength is the distance between repeating units of a propagating Wave of a given Frequency. In Physics, spectrophotometry is the quantitative study of electromagnetic spectra. The absorption maximum is dependent on the solvent employed.
This reduction takes place only when mitochondrial reductase enzymes are active, and therefore conversion can be directly related to the number of viable (living) cells. Redox (shorthand for reduction-oxidation reaction describes all Chemical reactions in which atoms have their Oxidation number ( Oxidation state Enzymes are Biomolecules that catalyze ( ie increase the rates of Chemical reactions Almost all enzymes are Proteins When the amount of purple formazan produced by cells treated with an agent is compared with the amount of formazan produced by untreated control cells, the effectiveness of the agent in causing death of cells can be deduced, through the production of a dose-response curve. Scientific controls allow Experiments to study one Variable at a time and are a vital part of the Scientific method. The Dose-response relationship describes the change in effect on an Organism caused by differing levels of Exposure (or Doses to a Stressor (usually
References
- Mosmann, T. , Rapid Colorimetric Assay for Cellular Growth and Survival: Application to Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays. J. Immunol. Meth. 1983, 65, 55-63.
- Wilson, A. P. , Cytotoxicity and Viability Assays in Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach, 3rd ed. (ed. Masters, J. R. W. ) Oxford University Press: oXford 2000, Vol. 1,
See also
Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, TTC, or simply Tetrazolium chloride is a Redox indicator commonly used in biochemical experiments especially to indicate Formazan dyes are artificial Chromogenic substrates for Dehydrogenases and reductasesDapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic