| Luts’k Луцьк |
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  Luts’k
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country Oblast Raion |
 Ukraine Volyn OblastLutskyi Raion |
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| Founded | 1085 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Bohdan Shyba | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 42. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Ukraine is subdivided into 24 Oblasts (provinces, one Autonomous republic, and two " cities with special status' " For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. Volyn Oblast (Волинська область translit Volyns’ka oblast’; also referred to as Volyn’) is an oblast (province in north-western A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 0 km² (16. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 174 m (571 ft) | ||
| Population (2005) | |||
| - Total | 202,900 | ||
| - Density | 4,830/km² (12,509. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 6/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | ||
| Postal code | 43000 | ||
| Area code(s) | +380 332 | ||
| Website: www.lutsk.ua | |||
Lutsk (Ukrainian: Луцьк, translit. Luts’k) is a city located by the Styr River in north-western Ukraine. Ukrainian (in Ukrainian украї́нська мо́ва ukrayins'ka mova,) is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. The romanization or latinization of Ukrainian is the representation of the Ukrainian language using Latin letters. The Styr River (Стир Стырь is right tributary of the Pripyat River, with a length of 494 km Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the administrative center of the Volyn Oblast (province), as well as the administrative center of the surrounding Lutsky Raion (district) within the oblast. Volyn Oblast (Волинська область translit Volyns’ka oblast’; also referred to as Volyn’) is an oblast (province in north-western Oblast (во́бласць oblast о́бласт oblast о́бласть област/ oblast; oblasť област о́бласть is a type of Administrative division For the manufactured regenerated fiber see Rayon A raion (or rayon) (райо́н ra'jon rayon раён რაიონი The city itself is also designated as its own separate raion within the oblast.
The current estimated population is around 206,000 (as of 2007). Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century.
Contents |
Name etymology
Lutsk is an ancient Slavic town, mentioned in the Hypatian Chronicle as Luchesk in the records under 1085. The Hypatian Codex ( Hypatian Chronicle, Ipatiev Chronicle, Ипатьевская летопись is a compendium of three Chronicles Primary Chronicle The etymology of the name is unclear. There are three hypotheses:
- the name is derived from the old-Slavic word luka, an arc or bend (of a river).
- the name is derived from Luka, the chieftain of the Dulebs, an ancient Slavic tribe living in the area
- the name is derived from Luchanii (Luchans), an ancient branch of the aforementioned tribe
It is also historically known in Russian language as Луцк, and in the Polish language as Łuck. The Dulebs ( Dulebes) or (more correct Dulebi ( Дуле́бы Дуліби) were one of the tribal unions of Early East Slavs Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages Polish ( język polski, polszczyzna) is the Official language of Poland.
History
According to legends, Luchesk was founded in the 7th century. The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian / Common Era. However, the first known documental reference is from the year 1085. The town was the capital of Halych-Volynia until the foundation of Volodymyr-Volynsky. The Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia ( Ruthenian: sla Галицко-Волинскоє Королѣвство Regnum Galiciæ et Lodomeriæ or Galicia-Vladimir, was Volodymyr-Volynskyi or Vladimir-Volynsky (Володимир-Волинський translit
The town was founded around a wooden castle built by a local branch of the Rurik Dynasty. The Rurik Dynasty was the ruling Dynasty of Kievan Rus', the successor Russian principalities and early united Russia, from 862 to 1598 At times the stronghold was a capital of the duchy, but since there was no need for a fixed capital in medieval Europe, the town did not become an important centre of commerce or culture. In 1240 the nearby town was seized and looted by the Tatars, but the castle was not harmed. Tatars ( Tatar: Tatarlar/Татарлар sometimes spelled Tartars, are a Turkic -speaking ethnic group or multiple ethnic groups In 1321 George son of Lev, the last of the line, died in a battle with the forces of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania and the castle was seized by the forces of the latter. Gediminas (ca 1275 – winter 1341 was the Monarch of medieval Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the title lt didysis kunigaikštis (вялікі князь In 1349 the town was captured by the forces of Casimir III, but it was soon retaken by Lithuania. Casimir III the Great (Kazimierz Wielki April 30 1310 – November 5 1370 last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty (1333–1370 was the son of King Władysław Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika is a Country in Eastern often referred to as Northern Europe or in the
During the Lithuanian rule the town began to prosper. Liubartas, son of Gediminas, erected a stone castle as a part of his fortification effort. Liubartas (also Lubart, Lubko, baptized Dmitry; died ca 1385 was the ruler of Galicia-Volhynia, in present-day Ukraine. Gediminas (ca 1275 – winter 1341 was the Monarch of medieval Grand Duchy of Lithuania with the title lt didysis kunigaikštis (вялікі князь Vytautas the Great founded the proper town by importing colonists (mostly Jews, Tartars, Armenians and Karaims). Vytautas the Great ( Lithuanian:; Vitaŭt; Latin: Alexander Vitoldus; Witold Ruthenian: Vitovt; c PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Tatars ( Tatar: Tatarlar/Татарлар sometimes spelled Tartars, are a Turkic -speaking ethnic group or multiple ethnic groups The Armenians (Հայեր Hayer) are a Nation and Ethnic group originating in the Caucasus and in the Armenian Highlands A large The Crimean Karaites (Crimean Karaim: sg къарай - qaray, pl In 1427 he also transferred the Catholic bishopric from Volodymyr to Luchesk. Volodymyr may refer to Volodymyr-Volynskyi - Ukrainian town Volodymyr (name - Ukrainian given name Vytautas was the last monarch to underline the title of Duke of Volhynia and reside in the Luchesk castle. Vytautas the Great ( Lithuanian:; Vitaŭt; Latin: Alexander Vitoldus; Witold Ruthenian: Vitovt; c The town grew very fast and by the end of the 15th century there were 19 Orthodox and 2 Catholic churches. It was the seat of two Christian bishops: Catholic and Orthodox. Christianity ( Greek Χριστιανισμός from the word Xριστός ( Christ)is a monotheistic Religion centered on the life and teachings Because of that, the town was nick-named the Volhynian Rome. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 The cross of Lutsk is featured on the highest Lithuanian Presidential award Order of Vytautas the Great. The Order of Vytautas the Great is the Lithuanian Presidential Award
In 1429 Lutsk was a meeting place for a conference of monarchs on handling the Tartar threat organized by Jogaila and Sophia of Halshany. Tatars ( Tatar: Tatarlar/Татарлар sometimes spelled Tartars, are a Turkic -speaking ethnic group or multiple ethnic groups Jogaila, later Władysław II Jagiełło (b about 1362 d 1 June 1434 was Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland. Biography Vytautas the Great helped arrange the marriage between Sophia and Jogaila. Among those invited were Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Vasili II the Blind of Russia, king of Denmark Eric of Pomerania, Grand Master of the Livonian Order Zisse von Rutenberg, Duke of Szczecin Kazimierz V, Dan II the Hospodar of Wallachia and Prince-electors of most of countries of Germany. For other nobles of the same name please see Sigismund. Sigismund ( February 14, 1368 – December 9, Vasily II Vasiliyevich Tyomniy (Blind (Василий II Васильевич Тёмный in Russian) ( March 10, 1415 – March 27, 1462 The Kingdom of Denmark ( ˈd̥ænmɑɡ̊ (archaic ˈd̥anmɑːɡ̊ commonly known as Denmark, is a country in the Scandinavian region of northern Europe Eric of Pomerania or Erik of Pomerania (1381 or 1382 &ndash 3 May 1459) was King of Norway (1389–1442 elected King of The Livonian Order was autonomous Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order and a member of the Livonian Confederation from 1418&ndash1561 Dan II (? – June 1, 1432) was a Voivode (nobleman of the Principality of Wallachia in the 15th Century, ruling This article is about the region in what is now Southern Romania The Prince-Electors (or simply Electors) of the Holy Roman Empire ( German: Kurfürst ( pl Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
After the death of Švitrigaila in 1432 Volhynia became a fief of the Crown of Poland and the town became the seat of the governors, and later the Marshalls of the Land of Volhynia. Švitrigaila (ca 1370 – 10 February 1452) was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1430 to 1432 Under the system of Feudalism, a fiefdom, fief, feud, feoff, or fee, often consisted of inheritable lands or revenue-producing Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland The same year, Lutsk was granted Magdeburg rights. Magdeburg Rights (Magdeburger Recht or Magdeburg Law were a set of German town laws regulating the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted with In 1569 Volhynia was fully incorporated into the Polish Crown and the town became the capital of the Volhynian Voivodship and the Łuck powiat. A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County After the Union of Lublin the local Orthodox bishop converted to Greek-Catholicism. The Union of Lublin (Liublino unija Belarusian: Лю́блінская ву́нія Polish: Unia This article refers to Eastern Churches in full communion with the Holy See
The town continued to prosper as an important economic centre of the region. By mid-17th century Łuck had approximately 50,000 inhabitants and was one of the largest in the area. During the Khmelnytskyi Uprising the town was seized by the forces of Colonel Kolodko. The term Khmelnytsky Uprising (also Khmel'nyts'kyi/Chmielnicki Uprising or Khmelnytsky / Chmielnicki Rebellion) refers to a Rebellion or Up to 4,000 people were slaughtered, approximately 35,000 fled and the town was looted and partially burnt. It never fully recovered. In addition, in 1781 the city was struck by a fire which destroyed 440 houses, both cathedrals, and several other churches.
In 1795 as a result of Partitions of Poland, Lutsk was annexed by Russia. The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending The Voivodship was liquidated and the town lost its significance as the capital of the province (which was moved to Zhytomir). This article concerns both historical and contemporary voivodeships in various countries Zhytomyr (Житомир ( Zhytomyr) Житомир ( Zhitomir) Żytomierz is a historic City in the North of the western half of Ukraine After the November Uprising efforts increased to remove Polish influence and Russian became dominant. The November Uprising (1830&ndash1831&mdashalso known as the Cadet Revolution &mdashwas an armed rebellion against the rule of the Russian Empire in Poland Russian ( transliteration:,) is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages The Greek Catholic churches were turned into Orthodox Christian ones which caused the self-liquidation of the Unia here. This article refers to Eastern Churches in full communion with the Holy See The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world In 1845 another great fire struck the city further depopulating it.
In 1850 three major forts were built around Lutsk and the town became a small fortress called Mikhailogorod. Fortifications are Military Constructions and Buildings designed for defense in Warfare Humans have constructed defensive works for During the First World War the town was seized by Austria-Hungary on August 29, 1915. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Events 708 - Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708) Year 1915 ( MCMXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The town was slightly damaged. During more than a year of Austro-Hungarian occupation Lutsk became an important military centre with the headquarters of the IV Army under Archduke Franz Ferdinand stationed there. Franz Ferdinand ( December 18, 1863 &ndash June 28, 1914) was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Prince Imperial of However, poor food supply led to a plague of epidemic typhus which decimated the city's inhabitants. Typhus is any of several similar diseases caused by Louse -borne bacteria
On June 4, 1916 four Russian armies under general Aleksei Brusilov started, what later became known as the Brusilov Offensive. Events 781 BC - The first historic Solar eclipse is recorded in China. Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Aleksei Alekseevich Brusilov (Алексе́й Алексе́евич Бруси́лов ( – March 17, 1926) was a Russian general most noted for the development The Brusilov Offensive (Брусиловский прорыв was the Russian Empire 's greatest feat of arms during World War I, and among the Most lethal After up to three days of heavy artillery barrage, the Battle of Lutsk began. On June 7, 1916 the Russian forces reconquered the city. Events 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins Year 1916 ( MCMXVI) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year After the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in 1917 the city was seized by Germany on February 7, 1918. Not to be confused with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (February 9 1918, a similar treaty involving Ukraine and the Central Powers. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Events 457 - Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. 1074 - Battle of Montesarchio in which the Prince Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common On February 22, 1918 the town was transferred by the withdrawing German army to the forces loyal to Semen Petlura. Events 1495 - King Charles VIII of France enters Naples to claim the city's throne Year 1918 ( MCMXVIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Symon Vasylyovych Petliura (Симон Васильович Петлюра also known as Simon Petlyura; May 10, 1879 – May 25, However, on May 16, 1919 it was captured by Polish forces under Gen. Events 1204 - Baldwin IX Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Aleksander Karnicki.
After the World War I Łuck was annexed by the newly-reborn Poland as the capital of the Volhynian Voivodship. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All Poland (Polska officially the Republic of Poland Wołyń Voivodeship or Volhynian Voivodeship (Polish Województwo Wołyńskie, Latin Palatinatus Volhynensis) was an administrative unit of interwar It was connected by railroad to Lviv and Przemyśl and several factories were built both in the city and its outskirts. Lviv ( Ukrainian: Львів, L’viv, Lwów Lemberg Львов L'vov; see also other names) is a major city in western 13 Kresowy Light Artillery Regiment was stationed in the city centre. In 1938 the construction of the biggest and the most modern radio transmitter was started in the city. On January 1, 1939 Łuck itself had 39,000 inhabitants (approximately 17,500 Jews and 13,500 Poles). New Year See also New Year The Ancient Romans began their consular year on January 1st since 153 BC Year 1939 ( MCMXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The powiat formed around the town had 316,970 inhabitants, with 59% of Ukrainians, 19. A powiat (pronounced; Polish plural powiaty) is the second-level unit of Local government and administration in Poland, equivalent to a County Ukrainians (Українці Ukrayintsi,) are an East Slavic Ethnic group primarily living in Ukraine, or more broadly— Citizens 5% of Poles, 14% of Jews and approximately 23,000 Czechs and Germans. The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. PLEASE TAKE NOTE************ Czechs (Češi ˈt͡ʃɛʃɪ archaic Čechové) are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic The German people (Deutsche are an Ethnic group, in the sense of sharing a common German culture, descent and speaking the German language as
In 1939 as a result of the Invasion of Poland and the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Lutsk, along with the rest of eastern Volyn was annexed by the Soviet Union. The Invasion of Poland (1939 precipitated World War II. It was carried out by Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small German-allied The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR was a constitutionally Socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991 Most of the factories (including the almost-finished radio station) were dismantled and sent to Russia. Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Approximately 10 000 of the city's inhabitants (mostly Poles) were sent to Kazakhstan (more than 7,000 people) or arrested by the NKVD (approximately 1,550). The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan ( Қазақстан, Qazaqstan, qɑzɑqˈstɑn Казахстан, Kazakhstán,) officially the The NKVD ( НКВД, ru Народный Комиссариат Внутренних Дел ''Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del'') or People's Commissariat
After the start of Operation Barbarossa the city was captured by the Wehrmacht, but not before thousands of Polish and Ukrainian prisoners were shot by the retreating NKVD. Operation Barbarossa ( Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the Codename for Nazi Germany 's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II Wehrmacht (literally "defense force" was the name of the unified Armed forces of Germany from 1935 to 1945 Upon Nazi occupation most of the Jewish inhabitants of the city were forced into a ghetto and then murdered at the Polanka hill nearby the city. A ghetto is described as a "portion of a city in which members of a minority group live especially because of social legal or economic pressure During the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia approximately 10,000 Poles were murdered by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in the area. The Massacre of Poles in Volhynia (Rzeź wołyńska (lit Volhynian slaughter was a massive Ethnic cleansing operation in German-occupied Volhynia and The Polish people, or Poles, (Polacy) are a Western Slavic Ethnic group of Central Europe, living predominantly in Poland. The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Українська Повстанська Армія U krayins’ka P ovstans’ka A rmiya, UPA
Following the end of the war the remaining Polish inhabitants of the city were expelled, mostly to the Polish Regained Territories. Recovered or Regained Territories (Ziemie Odzyskane was the official term used by the Polish post-war authorities to denote those territories which were transferred The city became an industrial centre in the Ukrainian SSR. The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or the Ukrainian SSR was one of the 15 constituent republics that made up the Former Soviet Union from its The numerous changing in city demographics meant that by the end of the war the city was almost entirely Ukrainian.
Being one of the largest cities of Western Ukraine, in 2003 Lutsk hosted the General Consulate of Poland.
Industry and commerce
Lutsk is an important centre of industry. Factories of cars, shoes, bearings, furniture, machines and electronics, as well as weaveries, steel mills and a chemical plant are located in the area.
Culture and science
The city has an opera, an art gallery and a regional museum. A school for teachers (subordinate to the Lviv Polytechnic) is located in the city. Lviv Polytechnic National University ( Львівська політехніка Національний університет, Politechnika Lwowska Национальный
Places of interest
- parts of two castles (the Upper Castle from the 13th century and the Lower Castle from the 14th century)
- a Catholic cathedral (built 1610 as a Jesuit church, reconstructed in 1781)
- an Orthodox cathedral (built 1755 as a church and monastery of Bernardines)
- Several monasteries, both Catholic and Orthodox: Basilians (17th century), Dominicans (17th century), Trinitarians (18th century) and Charites (?) (18th century)
- Two 16th century Greek-Catholic churches
- Fortified synagogue (Little Castle, 15th century)
- the villages of Trochenbrod and Lozisht near by
Famous people from Lutsk
- Rabbi Shlomo Flam - The Maggid of Lutzk - The student and editor of the Magid of Mezritch first published Hassidic book, and teacher of the Grand Rabbi of Belz. The Society of Jesus ( Latin: Societas Iesu, SJ and SI or SJ, SI) is a Catholic religious order The Order of Preachers ( Latin: Ordo Praedicatorum) after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is The Order of the Holy Trinity (or Trinitarians) is a Catholic Religious order that was founded in the area of Cerfroid, some 80 km northeast A synagogue (from Greek: grc συναγωγή transliterated synagogē, "assembly" he בית כנסת beit knesset, "house of Trochenbrod or Trochinbrod in Russian (Трохимбрід Trokhymbrid) was a Jewish Shtetl (village with an area 1728 acres once located in what is Lozisht was a Jewish Shtetl (village located in what is now western Ukraine but which used to be a part of Poland and was called then Ignatowka Hasidic Judaism (also Chasidic, etc from the Hebrew: he '''''חסידות''''', Chassidus, meaning "piety" from the Hebrew Rabbi Sholom Rokeach, ( 1779 - September 10, 1855) also known as the Sar Sholom (in Hebrew meaning minister of peace was the first Belzer
- Peter Bondra — Ukrainian-born Slovak ice hockey player
- Alojzy Feliński — Polish scientist and writer
- Anatoliy Tymoschuk — Ukrainian football player
- Tartak — all the group members were born in Lutsk
- Oksana Zabuzhko - contemporary Ukrainian poet, writer and essayist
See also
External links
- www.lutsk.ua/english/ — Official website of Lutsk City Council (English)
- www.lutsk.ua — Official website of Lutsk City Council (Ukrainian)
- Lutsk castle — Lubart’s castle. Peter Bondra (Born February 7, 1968, in Lutsk, Ukraine, USSR) is a former Slovak professional Ice hockey Ukraine (Україна Ukrayina, /ukrɑˈjinɑ/ is a country in Eastern Europe. The Slovak men's National Ice Hockey team is one of the major ice hockey powers in the world Alojzy Feliński (1771 in Łuck - 1820 in Krzemieniec) was a Polish writer The Ukraine national football team is the national football team of Ukraine and is controlled by the Football Federation of Ukraine. Tartak (Тартак) is a popular Hip-hop / Rapcore crossover band from Ukraine. Oksana Zabuzhko (Оксана Стефанівна Забужко (b LuAZ ( Ukrainian: ЛуАЗ, short for "Луцький автомобільний завод", Luts'kyi avtomobiln'nyi zavod -"Lutsk (English)
- welcome.lutsk.ua — European Lutsk (Ukrainian)
- Lutsk, Ukraine — Historic images of Lutsk
- Lutsk, Ukraine — Steinberg family history site
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