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Luoyang
—  Prefecture-level city  —
Chinese transliteration(s)
 - Chinese 洛阳
 - Pinyin Luòyáng
Horse Carriage Pits Museum, city centre
Horse Carriage Pits Museum, city centre
Luoyang in Henan
Luoyang in Henan
Luoyang (China)
Luoyang
Luoyang
Location in China
Coordinates: 34°47′28″N 114°20′53″E / 34.79111, 114.34806
Country China
Province Henan
Government
 - Mayor Guo Hongchang
Area
 - Total 15,208 km² (5,871. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( A Chinese character, also known as a Han character ( is a Logogram used in writing Chinese (hanzi Japanese ( Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 8 sq mi)
Population (2004)
 - Total 6,383,900
 - Density 419. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 8/km² (1,087. 2/sq mi)
Time zone China Standard (UTC+8)
Area code(s) 379
GDP ¥14,170 per capita (2004)
Major Nationalities Han, Hui, Manchu, Mongolian
County-level divisions 15
Township-level divisions unknown
Website: http://www.ly.gov.cn

Luoyang (simplified Chinese: 洛阳; traditional Chinese: 洛陽; pinyin: Luòyáng) is a prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. China standard time or Beijing time is the Time zone observed in the People's Republic of China ( PRC) UTC+8 is a band of Timezones separated from the Greenwich Mean Time by 8 hours A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks The following is a list of ethnic groups in China where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal Han Chinese ( are an Ethnic group native to China and by most modern definitions the largest single Ethnic group in the world. The Hui people ( Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو) are a Chinese ethnic group, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam. The Manchu people ( Manchu: Manju;, Mongolian: Манж Russian: Маньчжуры are a Tungusic people who originated in Pinyin, more formally Hanyu pinyin, is the most common Standard Mandarin Romanization system in use A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and Henan ( is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng ( which is an administrative division Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES It borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the east, Pingdingshan to the southeast, Nanyang to the south, Sanmenxia to the west, Jiyuan to the north, and Jiaozuo to the northeast. Zhengzhou ( formerly called Zhengxian is a Prefecture-level city, and the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. Pingdingshan ( also known as the Eagle City with 891814 inhabitants (estimated 2006 is a Prefecture-level city in central Henan province, People's Sanmenxia ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. Jiyuan ( is a Sub-prefecture-level city in northwestern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Jiaozuo ( is a Prefecture-level city in northern Henan province, People's Republic of China.

Situated on the central plain of China, one of the cradles of the Chinese civilization, Luoyang was one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. The Central Plain(s of China ( refers to the area on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization China ( Wade-Giles ( Mandarin) Chung¹kuo² is a cultural region, an ancient Civilization, and depending on perspective a National The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China ( traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ( Xi'an

Contents

Names

The origin of the name "Luoyang" is the city's location to the north of the Luo River. The Luo River ( Chinese: 洛河 Pinyin: Luò Hé is a tributary of the Yellow River in China The river flows from west to east and the sun is on south of the river, so that the sun shine is always on north side of the river ----- that is an very old style naming way in China.

Luoyang has had several names over the centuries, including "Luoyi" (洛邑) and "Luozhou (洛州)", though Luoyang has been its primary name. It has been called, during various periods, "Dongdu" (東都, meaning the Eastern Capital, during the Tang Dynasty), "Xijing" (西京, meaning the West Capital, during the Song Dynasty), or "Jingluo" (京洛, meaning the general capital for China).

History

2070BC Xia Dynasty king Tai Kang moved the capital to the intersection of Luo river and Yi river and named the city Zhen Xun. The Xia Dynasty ( of China is the first dynasty to be described in ancient historical records such as Records of the Grand Historian and Tai Kang ( was the third sovereign of the legendary Xia Dynasty. The Luo River ( Chinese: 洛河 Pinyin: Luò Hé is a tributary of the Yellow River in China

16 Century BC King Tang of Shang defeat Jie, the last king of Xia Danasty and made their Capital Xihao, which located in Shi Xiang Gou of Yanshi County of Luoyang City. King Cheng Tang of Shang of China (in Chinese:"湯" born Zi Lü, in Chinese"子履" King Jie ( given name Gui(癸 was the last ruler of the Xia Dynasty of China, and is blamed for its fall Yanshi ( is a County-level city administered by the Prefecture-level city of Luoyang in western Henan province, People's Republic

The original city was constructed by the Duke of Zhou (周公) in the 11th century BC as a settlement for the remnants of the captured Shang nobility and was named Chengzhou. God of Dreams Duke of Zhou is also known as the 'God of Dreams' The Shang Dynasty ( Chinese: 商[[wiktionary 朝|朝]] or Yin Dynasty ( 殷[[wiktionary 代|代]] was according to traditional sources the Luoyang ( is a Prefecture-level city in western Henan province, People's Republic of China. It became the capital of the Zhou Dynasty in 770 BC. The Zhou Dynasty ( POJ: Chiu Tiau 1122 BC to 256 BC was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. The city was destroyed in a civil war in 510 BC and rebuilt the next year at the request of the king.

In AD 25, Luoyang became the capital of Eastern Han Dynasty. Year 25 was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. The Han Dynasty ( 206 BC–220 AD followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. For several centuries, Luoyang was the center of gravity of China.

In AD 68, the White Horse Temple, the first Buddhist temple in China, was founded in Luoyang. Year 68 was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Julian calendar. White Horse Temple ( also White Horse Ministry) was the first Buddhist temple in China, established under the patronage of Emperor Ming in the Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices The temple still exists, though the architecture is of later origin, mainly from the 16th century. An Shihkao was one of the first monks to popularize Buddhism in Luoyang. An Shih-kao (?-~168 (安世高 Pinyin Ān Shígāo) was a prince of Parthia, nicknamed the "Parthian Marquis" who renounced his prospect

In AD 190, Chancellor Dong Zhuo ordered his soldiers to ransack, pillage and raze the city as he retreated from the coalition set up against him by regional lords from across China. Dong Zhuo (died May 22, 192) was a powerful warlord during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China. The Campaign against Dong Zhuo (董卓討伐戰 in 190 was initiated by a coalition of regional officials hoping to end Chancellor Dong Zhuo 's influence The court was subsequently moved to the more defensible western city of Chang'an. Chang'an ( is an ancient Capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history. Following a period of disorder, Luoyang was restored to prominence when Emperor Wen of the Wei Dynasty declared it his capital in AD 220. Cao Pi (曹丕 187 - June 29, 226) formally Emperor Wen of (Cao Wei (曹魏文帝 Courtesy name Zihuan (子桓 was Cao Wei ( was one of the empires that competed for control of China during the Three Kingdoms period Events By Place Roman Empire The Goths invade Asia Minor and the Balkans.

The Jin Dynasty, successor to Wei, was also established in Luoyang. The Jìn Dynasty ( 265 – 420) one of the Six Dynasties, followed the Three Kingdoms period and preceded the Southern and Northern Dynasties When Jin was overrun by invaders and forced to move its capital to Jiankang (modern day Nanjing), Luoyang was nearly totally destroyed. Jiankang (建康城 in Pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng formerly known as Jianye (建業 Jiànyè until Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 – 420 was an ancient city in ( Chinese: 南京 Romanizations Nánjīng ( Pinyin) Nan-ching ( Wade-Giles

In AD 493 the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital from Datong to Luoyang and started the construction of the rock-cut Longmen Grottoes. Events By Place Europe February 25 — Odoacer agrees to a mediated peace with Theodoric the Great, and is later killed The Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏 Pinyin: běi wèi 386 - 534) also known as the Tuoba Wei (拓拔魏 Later Wei (後魏 or Datong ( is a city in the northern Shanxi Province in China, and is located a few hundred kilometres west by rail from Beijing with an elevation of Rock-cut architecture is the practice of creating buildings by carving natural rock. The Longmen Grottoes ( ch 龍門石窟/ 龙门石窟 lóngmén shíkū lit More than 30,000 Buddhist statues from the time of this dynasty have been found in the caves. Buddhism is a family of beliefs and practices Many of these sculptures were two-faced. The Empress Dowager Wenming tomb was built here. The Empress Dowager Wenming tomb is the final resting place of Empress Feng (442-490 formally Empress Wenming and the wife of Emperor Wencheng of the Northern Wei Dynasty

Administration

The Dragon Gate Cave of Luoyang
The Dragon Gate Cave of Luoyang

The prefecture-level city of Luoyang administers 6 districts, 1 county-level city and 8 counties. A prefecture-level city ( or prefecture-level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. A county-level city ( is a county-level administrative division of Mainland China. In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 ( xiàn)

Culture

Guanlin Temple, May 2007.
Guanlin Temple, May 2007. Yanshi ( is a County-level city administered by the Prefecture-level city of Luoyang in western Henan province, People's Republic Xin'an County ( Chinese: 新安县 Pinyin: Xīn'ān Xiàn， Hakka Dialect:Sin On Yen is a part of Luoyang City Henan Province, Luanchuan County ( Chinese: 栾川县 Pinyin: Luánchuān Xiàn is a county in Luoyang, Henan, China. Ruyang County ( is a county in the Henan province of central China, under the jurisdiction of the city of Luoyang.

The Longmen Grottoes were listed by UNESCO in the list of World Heritage Sites in November 2000. The Longmen Grottoes ( ch 龍門石窟/ 龙门石窟 lóngmén shíkū lit United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established on November 16 A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a site (such as a Forest, Mountain, Lake, Desert, Monument, Building, complex White Horse Temple is located 12km east of the modern town. White Horse Temple ( also White Horse Ministry) was the first Buddhist temple in China, established under the patronage of Emperor Ming in the Guanlin is a series of temples that have been built in honor of a hero of the Three Kingdoms period, Guan Yu, close to the grottoes to the south of the city. The Three Kingdoms period ( is a period in the History of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties following immediately the loss of Guan Yu ( Chinese: 關羽 Guān Yǔ was a general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of China's only tombs museum, the Luoyang Ancient Tombs Museum is situated north of the modern town. Luoyang Museum is in the center of town.

Luoyang is also famous for the Water Banquet Shui Xi, which consists of 8 cold and 16 warm dishes cooked in various broths, gravies or juices, hence its name. Shŭi Xí ( 水[[wikt 席|席]] or Water Banquet, is a Chinese set of dishes comprising 8 cold and 16 warm dishes cooked in various broths gravies or

Luoyang has a reputation as a cultivation centre for peony (city flower of Luoyang). For the ancient Balkan region and tribe see Paionia. The peony or paeony ( Paeonia) is the only genus in the

An ancient Chinese musical piece, Spring in Luoyang, was adopted in Korea during the Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392), and is still performed in its Koreanized (Dangak) version, called Nakyangchun (hangul: 낙양춘; hanja: 洛陽春). The Goryeo Dynasty ( 918 - 1392) (also spelled Koryŏ was a Sovereign state established in 918 by Taejo Wang Kon. Dangak (syllables dang-ak) is a genre of traditional Korean court music The American composer Lou Harrison created an arrangement of this work. Lou Silver Harrison ( May 14, 1917 &ndash February 2, 2003) was an American

Colleges and universities

Famous residents

Sister cities

Further reading

External links

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