Luigi Cadorna (September 4, 1850–December 21, 1928) was an Italian Field Marshal, most famous for being the Commander-in-Chief of the Italian army during the first part of World War I. Events 476 - Romulus Augustus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself For the game see 1850 (board game. 1850 ( MDCCCL) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link Events 69 - The end of the Year of the four emperors: Following Galba, Otho and Vitellius, Vespasian Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All
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Biography
Born to General Raffaele Cadorna in Verbania Pallanza, Piedmont, after joining the Italian Army in 1868 Cadorna was offered the post of chief of staff for the first time in 1908, which he rejected due to the issue of political control during wartime. Count Raffaele Cadorna ( February 9, 1815 - February 6, 1897) was an Italian general who served as one of the major Verbania is a city and Comune (commune on the shore of Lake Maggiore, Piedmont in northwest Italy. Piedmont ( Piemonte; Piedmontese and Occitan: Piemont; French: Piémont) is one of the 20 Regions of Italy. The Italian Army (Esercito Italiano is the ground defense force of the Military of Italy. Year 1908 ( MCMVIII) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Leap year He was again offered the position in July 1914, as the Triple Entente and Central Powers girded for war. Year 1914 ( MCMXIV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Triple Entente (" entente " — French for "agreement" was the name given to the loose alignment of the United Kingdom, the The Central Powers ( German: "Mittelmächte" Hungarian: "Központi hatalmak" Turkish: "İttifak When Italy entered the war in May of 1915 on the side of the Entente, Cadorna fielded thirty-six infantry divisions composed of 875,000 men, but only 120 modern artillery pieces. [1]
First World War
Cadorna launched four offensives in 1915, all along the Isonzo River. The Italian campaign refers to a series of battles fought between the armies of Austria-Hungary and Italy, along with their allies in northern Italy between 1915 The Soča (in Slovene) or The goal of these offensives was the fortress of Gorizia, the capture of which would permit the Italian armies to pivot south and march on Trieste, or continue on to the Ljubliana Pass. Gorizia (Gurize Gorica Görz is a town in northeastern Italy, at the foot of the Alps and bordering Slovenia. Trieste (Trieste Slovene and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy very near to All four offensives failed, resulting in some 250,000 Italian casaulties for little material gain. Cadorna would ultimately fight eleven battles on the Isonzo between 1915 and 1917. Additional forces were arrayed along the Trentino salient, attacking towards Rovereto, Trento, and Bolzano. The Province of Trento (Provincia autonoma di Trento also called Trentino, is an Autonomous province of Italy. Rovereto is a city and Comune in the Province of Trento in Italy. Trento (traditional English Trent; Italian: Trento; German: Trient; Latin: Tridentum; Note that many For the mathematician see Bernard Bolzano; for other uses see Bolzano (disambiguation. These attacks also failed. The terrain along the Isonzo and in the Trentino province was completely unsuited for offensive warfare–mountainous and broken, with no room for maneuver. [2]
Historians describe Cadorna as a "martinet," ruthless with his troops and dismissive of his country's political authorities. The martinet is a punitive device traditionally used in France and other parts of Europe. During the course of war he fired 217 officers; during the Battle of Caporetto he would order the summary execution of officers whose units retreated. The Battle of Caporetto (or Battle of Karfreit as it was known by the Central Powers; Bitka za Kobarid took place from 24 October [3]
On October 24, 1917, a combined Austro-Hungarian/German army struck across the Isonzo River at Caporetto and by November 12 had advanced all the way to the Piave River. Events 69 - Second Battle of Bedriacum, forces under Antonius Primus the commander of the Danube armies loyal to Vespasian, defeat Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Kobarid (Caporetto Karfreit is a town and a municipality in the upper Soča (Italian Isonzo) valley western Slovenia, near the Italian Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days Piave (from Latin Plavis) is a River in north Italy. It begins in the Alps and flows southeast for 220 km (135 miles into the Adriatic That Cadorna has disposed most his troops far forward and did not defend in depth contributed greatly to the disaster[4], but graver still were the responsibilities of other officers, markedly Pietro Badoglio, then corps commander in a sector overrun by the Austro-German attack. Pietro Badoglio 1st Duke of Addis Abeba ( 28 September 1871 &ndash 1 November 1956) was an Italian soldier and politician The Italian Army fled in disarray and seemed on the verge of total collapse; 275,000 soldiers surrendered. Cadorna was sacked and replaced by General Armando Diaz[5]; he was appointed as the Italian representant to the Allied Supreme War Council set up in Versailles. Armando Diaz ( December 5, 1861 &ndash February 29, 1928) was an Italian general and a Marshal of Italy. The Supreme War Council was a central command created by British Prime Minister David Lloyd George to coordinate Allied military strategy during Versailles (vɛʀsaj in French) formerly de facto capital of the kingdom of France, is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and is still an important Then the Italian forces rallied behind the Piave and Monte Grappa (a mountain Cadorna himself had previously began to fortify, in a moment of almost prophetical insight) and reversed, with the help of several Allied divisions, the course of the conflict.
After the war, there was an enquiry held by the Italian government to investigate the defeat at Caporetto. It was published in 1919 and was highly critical of Cadorna, at that time a bitter man busy in writing his memories who claimed that he had no responsibility for the defeat. Year 1919 ( MCMXIX) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Nevertheless, he was made a Field Marshal (Maresciallo d'Italia) in 1924 when Benito Mussolini seized power. Year 1924 ( MCMXXIV) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Great Britain appointed Cadorna an honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in 1915. This is an incomplete list of people who have been created honorary Knights (or Dames by the British crown as well as those who have been raised to the two comparable Orders of Chivalry ( Order The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath) is a British Order of chivalry founded by George
Field Marshal Cadorna died in Bordighera in 1928. Bordighera is a town and Comune the in the Province of Imperia, Liguria ( Italy) Year 1928 ( MCMXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Notes
References
- Keegan, John (1999). Sir John Desmond Patrick Keegan OBE (born 15 May, 1934) is a British Military historian, lecturer and journalist The First World War. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-375-40052-4.
- Marshall, S. L. A.. SLA Marshall (full name Samuel Lyman Atwood Marshall) ( July 18, 1900 – December 17, 1977) was a chief U The American Heritage History of World War I. New York: American Heritage. American Heritage is a monthly magazine dedicated to covering the history of the United States for a mainstream readership
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