| Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt | |
Portrait of Ludwig Leichhardt
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| Born | October 23, 1813 Sabrodt, Prussia |
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| Died | unknown - probably 1848 presumed to be Inland Australia |
| Occupation | Explorer |
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt (October 23, 1813 - probably 1848 in Inner Australia) was a Prussian explorer and naturalist. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Events 4004 BC - Creation of the world begins according to the calculations of Archbishop James Ussher 42 BC - Year 1813 ( MDCCCXIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state This list of explorers is sorted by surname See also the links below. Natural history is the Scientific research of Plants or Animals leaning more towards the Observational than Experimental methods He was born in Sabrodt, today part of Tauche, Prussia (now Brandenburg, Germany). Tauche is a municipality in the Oder-Spree district in Brandenburg, Germany. Brandenburg ( Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen states of Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe.
Contents |
Biography
Early life
Between 1831 and 1836 Leichhardt studied philosophy, language, and natural sciences at the Universities of Göttingen and Berlin but never received a university degree. Year 1831 ( MDCCCXXXI) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Year 1836 ( MDCCCXXXVI) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap Göttingen ( ˈgœtɪŋən, Low German: Chöttingen is a College town in Lower Saxony, Germany. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. He moved to England in 1837 where he continued his study of natural sciences at various places, including the British Museum, London and the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, and undertook field work in several European countries including France, Italy and Switzerland. England is a Country which is part of the United Kingdom. Its inhabitants account for more than 83% of the total UK population whilst its mainland Year 1837 ( MDCCCXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common The British Museum is a Museum of human history and culture in London. London ( ˈlʌndən is the capital and largest urban area in the United Kingdom. The Jardin des Plantes is the main Botanical garden in France. Paris (ˈpærɨs in English; in French) is the Capital of France and the country's largest city This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Switzerland (English pronunciation; Schweiz Swiss German: Schwyz or Schwiiz Suisse Svizzera Svizra officially the Swiss Confederation
Explorer
In 1842 Leichhardt voyaged to Sydney, in Australia. Year 1842 ( MDCCCXLII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Sydney (ˈsɪdniː is the most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 4 For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. He led three major expeditions to explore parts of northern and central Australia. The first, mounted as a private expedition, started on October 1, 1844 from Jimbour on the Darling Downs and ended after a nearly 4800 km overland journey in Port Essington on December 17, 1845. Events 331 BC - Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Darling Downs is a Farming region on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range in southern Queensland, Australia. This article is about the early Australian settlement For the settlement in British Columbia, Canada, see Port Essington British Columbia Events 546 - Gothic War (535–554: The Ostrogoths of King Totila Year 1845 ( MDCCCXLV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common He returned to Sydney by boat to a hero's welcome. The Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia, from Moreton Bay to Port Essington, a Distance of Upwards of 3000 Miles, During the Years 1844-1845 by Leichhardt describes this expedition. Moreton Bay is a large bay on the eastern coast of Australia 19 km from Brisbane, Queensland.
The second expedition, now with the assistance of a Government grant and substantial private subscriptions, starting in December 1846, was supposed to take him from the Darling Downs to the west coast of Australia and ultimately to the Swan River and Perth. For the game see 1846 (board game. Year 1846 ( MDCCCXLVI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display The Swan River estuary flows through the city of Perth, in the south west of Western Australia. Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. After covering only 800 km the expedition team was forced to return in June 1847 due to heavy rain, malarial fever and famine. Year 1847 ( MDCCCXLVII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common After recovering, Leichhardt spent 6 weeks in 1847 to examine the course of the Condamine River and the country between the route of another expedition led by Mitchell in 1846 and his own route, covering nearly 1,000 km. The Condamine River, part of the Murray-Darling Basin, drains the northern portion of the Darling Downs, an area of sub-coastal southern Queensland, Major Sir Thomas Livingstons Mitchell ( June 16, 1792 -1855 surveyor and explorer of south-eastern Australia, was born at Grangemouth
In March 1848 he again set out from the Condamine River to reach the Swan River. Year 1848 ( MDCCCXLVIII) was a Leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap He was last seen on April 3 1848 at McPherson's Station, Coogoon on the Darling Downs. Events 1043 - Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. The Darling Downs is a Farming region on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range in southern Queensland, Australia. His disappearance after moving inland, although investigated by many, remains a mystery. The authentication of Leichhardt's rifle nameplate at Sturt Creek near the Western Australia — Northern Territory border (see below), may shed more light on that mystery.
Searches for Leichhardt
Four years after Leichhardt's disappearance, the Government of New South Wales sent out a search expedition under Hovendon Hely. The form of the Government of New South Wales is prescribed in its Constitution which dates from 1856 although it has been amended many times since then The expedition found nothing but a single campsite with a tree marked "L" over "XVA". In 1858, another search expedition was sent out, this time under Augustus Gregory. Year 1858 ( MDCCCLVIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Sir Augustus Charles Gregory (1 August 1819 – 25 June 1905 was an English -born Australian explorer This expedition found only a couple of trees marked "L". In 1865, Duncan McIntyre was shown a tree marked "L" on the Flinders River near the Gulf of Carpentaria. Year 1865 ( MDCCCLXV) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Duncan McIntyre ( 23 December 1834 &ndash 13 June 1894) was a Scots-Quebecer businessman noted for his participation in the The Flinders River is the longest river in Queensland, Australia at about 840 km The Gulf of Carpentaria is a large shallow sea enclosed on three sides by northern Australia and bounded on the north by the Arafura Sea (the body of water that lies This mark was almost certainly made by William Landsborough; or if it was made by Leichhardt then it would have been during his 1844 journey to Port Essington. William Landsborough (c1825 &ndash 1886 explorer was born in Ayrshire, Scotland and went to Australia when a young man Year 1844 ( MDCCCXLIV) was a Leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year This article is about the early Australian settlement For the settlement in British Columbia, Canada, see Port Essington British Columbia However, McIntyre reported to Melbourne that he had found traces of Leichhardt, and was subsequently appointed leader of a search expedition. Melbourne ( is the second most populous city in Australia, with a Metropolitan area population of approximately 3 This expedition was a complete failure, not even reaching the search area. In 1869, the Government of Western Australia heard rumours of a place where the remains of horses and men killed by indigenous Australians could be seen. Year 1869 ( MDCCCLXIX) is a Common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The formation of the Government of Western Australia is prescribed in its Constitution which dates from 1890 although it has been amended many times since then Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first known human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. A search expedition was sent out under John Forrest, but nothing was found, and it was decided that the story might refer to the bones of horses left for dead at Poison Rock during Robert Austin's expedition of 1854. Sir John Forrest GCMG (22 August 1847 – 2 September 1918 was an Australian explorer the first Premier of Western Australia and a cabinet minister in Australia The horse ( Equus caballus) is a hoofed ( Ungulate) Mammal, one of eight living species of the family Equidae. Poison Rocks, historically known as Poison Rock, is a rock formation in Western Australia. The Austin expedition of 1854 was an exploring expedition undertaken in Western Australia by Robert Austin in 1854.
The mystery of Leichhardt's fate remained in the minds of explorers for many years: during David Carnegie's 1896 expedition through the Gibson and Great Sandy Deserts, he encountered some indigenous Australians who had amongst their possessions an iron tent peg, the lid of a tin matchbox, and part of the ironwork of a saddle. The Hon David Wynford Carnegie ( 23 March 1871 &ndash 27 November 1900) was an explorer and gold prospector in Western Australia. Year 1896 ( MDCCCXCVI) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year The Gibson Desert covers a large area in the state of Western Australia and is still largely in an almost "pristine" state There is another desert called " Great Sandy Desert " in Oregon, US. Carnegie speculated that these were originally from Leichhardt's expedition.
In 2006 Australian historians authenticated a tiny brass plate bearing Leichhardt's name, originally discovered by an Aboriginal stockman near Sturt Creek on the Western Australia — Northern Territory border in about 1900. When found, the plate was attached to a partially burnt shotgun slung in a boab tree which was engraved with the initial "L". Adansonia gregorii, commonly known as boab, is a Tree in the family Malvaceae. [1]
Legacy
The Inner Western Sydney suburb of Leichhardt and the surrounding Municipality of Leichhardt are named for him, as is the Ipswich suburb of Leichhardt and the Leichhardt Highway in Queensland. The Inner West is a general term which is used to describe the metropolitan area directly to the west of the Sydney central business district in Sydney, New South South San Jose (cropjpg||thumb|A suburban development in San Jose California. This article is for the suburb of Leichhardt For the local government area, see the Municipality of Leichhardt. The Municipality of Leichhardt is a Local Government Area in the inner-west of Sydney, in state of New South Wales, Australia. Ipswich is a city and Local Government Area situated on the Bremer River in South East Queensland, Australia. Leichhardt is a suburb of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. The origin of the suburb name is from Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt, The Leichhardt Highway is a major transport route in Queensland, Australia. Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern corner of the mainland continent
Leichhardt's last expedition was the inspiration for Patrick White's novel Voss. Patrick Victor Martindale White (28 May 1912 — 30 September 1990 was an Australian author who was widely regarded as a major English-language novelist of the 20th century Voss is an epic novel by Patrick White, first published in 1957
References
- ^ Small clue reveals explorer's huge endeavour. The Age - online (September 24, 2006).
- Erdos, Renee (1967). Leichhardt, Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig (1813 - 1848), 2: 1788-1850 I-Z, Melbourne: Australian Dictionary of Biography, Australian National University, pp. The Australian Dictionary of Biography (ADB or AuDB is a multi-volume project published by Melbourne University Press. The Australian National University, commonly abbreviated to ANU, is a public Research university situated in Canberra, Australia. 102–104. ISBN 0522842364.
- Serle, Percival (1949). "Leichhardt, Ludwig". Dictionary of Australian Biography. The Dictionary of Australian Biography, published in 1949, is a reference work by Percival Serle containing information on notable people associated with Sydney: Angus and Robertson.
External links
- Project Gutenberg e-text of Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia
- Entry for Ludwig Leichhardt in The Project Gutenberg Library of Australiana
- Works by Ludwig Leichhardt at Project Gutenberg
- Ludwig Leichhardt online collection - State Library of NSW
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