Louis Plack Hammett (April 7, 1894 - February 9, 1987) was an American physical chemist. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Physical chemistry, is the application of Physics to macroscopic microscopic atomic subatomic and particulate phenomena in chemical systems It is mostly defined as a large He is perhaps best known for the Hammett equation, which relates reaction rates to equilibrium constants for certain classes of organic reactions involving substituted aromatic compounds. Hammett equation in Organic chemistry describes a Free-energy relationship relating Reaction rates and Equilibrium constants for many reactions The reaction rate or rate of reaction for a Reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how fast a reaction takes For a general Chemical reaction \alpha A +\beta B. \rightleftharpoons \sigma S+\tau T. In a substitution reaction, a Functional group in a particular Chemical compound is replaced by another group He is also known for his research into superacids and his development of a scheme for comparing their acidities based on what is now known as the Hammett acidity function. A superacid is an Acid with an Acidity greater than that of 100% Sulfuric acid, which has a Hammett acidity function ( H 0 The Hammett acidity function is a measure of acidity that is used for very concentrated solutions of strong acids including Superacids.

Awards included the Priestley Medal in 1961. The Priestley Medal is the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society (ACS and is awarded for distinguished service in the field of Chemistry.

Hammett grew up in Portland, Maine, and studied in Harvard and Switzerland. Portland is the largest city in the US state of Maine and the County seat of Cumberland County. He earned his Ph. D. at Columbia University. Columbia University is a private University in the United States and a member of the Ivy League. He authored an influential textbook on Physical organic chemistry, ^[1] and is credited with coining the term. Physical organic chemistry is the study of the interrelationships between structure and Reactivity in Organic molecules It can be seen as the study of

References

1. ^ Hammett, Louis P. (1940) Physical Organic Chemistry New York: McGraw Hill.

Further reading

• Hammond, George S. (1997) Physical organic chemistry after 50 years: It has changed, but is it still there? IUPAC V9. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ( IUPAC) (aɪjuːpæk or ay-yoo-pec) is an international Non-governmental organization 69, No. 9, pp. 1919-1922.
• Westheimer, F. H. (1997) Biographical Memoirs V72, pp. 136-149.
• Young, Robin V. , Sessine, Suzanne (1999) World of Chemistry Thomson Gale.

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