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Lophophora
Lophophora williamsii cluster
Lophophora williamsii cluster
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cacteae
Genus: Lophophora
J. Plants are living Organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. The flowering plants or angiosperms ( Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta) are the most widespread group Dicotyledons, or "dicots", is a name for a group of Flowering plants whose Seed typically has two embryonic leaves or Cotyledons There Caryophyllales is an order of Flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations Amaranths Ice plants and most A cactus (plural cacti) is any member of the Spine plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas A cactus (plural cacti) is any member of the Spine plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas Cacteae is a tribe of Plants belonging to the family Cactaceae. M. Coult.
Species

Lophophora diffusa
Lophophora williamsii - Peyote

Lophophora (John M. Coulter, 1894) is a genus of spineless, button-like cacti native to the southwestern United States (Texas and New Mexico) through Northeast Mexico and South to Querétaro. In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank. UserPolbot. --> Lophophora diffusa (also called Peyote) is a species of Plant in the Lophophora williamsii (loʊˈfɒfərə wɪlˈjæmsiaɪ lō-fof′ŏ-ră will-yăm′sē-ī better known by its common name Peyote, (from the Lophophora williamsii (loʊˈfɒfərə wɪlˈjæmsiaɪ lō-fof′ŏ-ră will-yăm′sē-ī better known by its common name Peyote, (from the John Merle Coulter Ph D ( November 20, 1851 - December 23, 1928) was an American Botanist and educator brother of Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A genus (plural genera from Γένος Latin genus "descent family type gender" is a low-level Taxonomic A cactus (plural cacti) is any member of the Spine plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State. New Mexico ( is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States of America. The United Mexican States ( or commonly Mexico (ˈmɛksɪkoʊ () is a federal constitutional Republic in North America. Querétaro (former formal name Querétaro Arteaga) is a state in central Mexico.

The species are extremely slow growing, sometimes taking up to thirty years to reach flowering age (at the size of about a golf ball, not including the root) in the wild. Cultivated specimens grow considerably faster, usually taking between three to ten years to reach from seedling to mature flowering adult. Due to this slow growth and over-harvesting by collectors, the species are considered to be in danger of extinction in the wild.

Contents

Species

Lophophora has been reported to be comprised of everything from one species, L. williamsii with varieties, to the four species L. diffusa, L. fricii, L. viridescens, and L. williamsii. Most modern authorities consider Lophophora to be a genus of two species, L. diffusa and L. williamsii. UserPolbot. --> Lophophora diffusa (also called Peyote) is a species of Plant in the Lophophora williamsii (loʊˈfɒfərə wɪlˈjæmsiaɪ lō-fof′ŏ-ră will-yăm′sē-ī better known by its common name Peyote, (from the Recent DNA sequencing studies (Butterworth et al. The term DNA sequencing encompasses biochemical methods for determining the order of the Nucleotide bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine 2002) have shown that L. diffusa and L. williamsii indeed are distinct species. DNA evidence from the alleged species L. fricii and L. viridescens would allow for more accurate classification.

Below is given a key for the currently accepted species along with the "species" and varieties that must be considered synonymous. Detailed arguments for this classification can be found in Peyote: The Divine Cactus (Anderson 1996, pp. 210-219).

Lophophora diffusa (Croizat) Bravo 1967

The plants are yellow-green, usually lacking well-defined ribs and furrows. Leon Croizat (1894-1982 Italian biogeographer Life Leon Croizat Chaley was the son of French parents and was born in 1894 in Torino, Italy, where The podaria are rarely elevated, but are broad and flat. tubercle (anatomyA tubercle is generally a wart-like projection but it has slightly different meaning depending on which family of plants or animals it is used to refer to The tufts of hair are usually spread unequally on the prominent podaria. Trichomes, from the Greek meaning "growth of Hair " are fine outgrowths or appendages on Plants and certain Protists These are of diverse The flowers are commonly whitish to yellowish-white. L. diffusa occurs at the south end of the range of the genus in Querétaro state, Mexico.

L. diffusa contains zero to trace amounts of mescaline; pellotine is the principal alkaloid. Mescaline or 345-trimethoxyphenethylamine is a naturally-occurring Psychedelic Alkaloid of the Phenethylamine class This article is about the chemical compounds alkaloids For the Pharmaceutical company in the Republic of Macedonia see Alkaloid (company.

Several people have reported that this cactus is psychoactive if ingested, though the experience is not similar to peyote. This species looks almost identical to peyote, though it is legal to possess.

Synonyms

Lophophora williamsii (Lemaire ex Salm-Dyck) J. M. Coulter

The plants are blue-green, usually with well-defined ribs and furrows. In Vertebrate Anatomy, ribs ( Latin costae) are the long curved Bones which form the ribcage. The tufts of hair are usually equally spaced on the ribs. Trichomes, from the Greek meaning "growth of Hair " are fine outgrowths or appendages on Plants and certain Protists These are of diverse The flowers are pinkish or rarely whitish. L. williamsii occurs in the full range of the genus except in Querétaro state, Mexico.

The mescaline content in dried L. Mescaline or 345-trimethoxyphenethylamine is a naturally-occurring Psychedelic Alkaloid of the Phenethylamine class williamsii can reach 6%.

Synonyms

One curious and under-reported observation is that these cacti have thigmotactic anthers. The stamen ( Plural stamina or stamens, from Latin stamen meaning "thread of the warp " is the male This means that as its anthers are touched they curl over, depositing their pollen. This movement can be seen by gently poking the anthers of an open Lophophora flower. Thus one of the slowest growing plants in the world makes one of the fastest plant movements!

Ethnobotany, Ethnomedical, and Entheogen Use


Etymology

Lophophora means "crest-bearing", referring to the tufts of trichomes that adorn each tubercle. Trichomes, from the Greek meaning "growth of Hair " are fine outgrowths or appendages on Plants and certain Protists These are of diverse tubercle (anatomyA tubercle is generally a wart-like projection but it has slightly different meaning depending on which family of plants or animals it is used to refer to The name is derived from the two Greek words λοφος (lophos, the crest of a hill or helmet) and φορεω (phoreo, to carry). Greek (el ελληνική γλώσσα or simply el ελληνικά — "Hellenic" is an Indo-European language, spoken today by 15-22 million people mainly

References

External links

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