- Further information: London Portal
| London borough | |
|---|---|
 Greater London shown within England |
|
| Category | Districts |
| Location | Greater London |
| Created by | London Government Act 1963 |
| Created | 1 April 1965 |
| Number | 32 (as at 2008) |
| Possible types | Inner London (12) |
| Outer London (20) | |
| Possible status | City (1) |
| Royal borough (2) | |
| Populations | 150,000–300,000 |
| Areas | 15–150 km² |
| Government | London Borough Council (31) |
| City Council (1) | |
The administrative area of Greater London contains thirty-two London boroughs. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The London Government Act 1963 (1963 c 33 is an act of the UK parliament, which recognised officially the Conurbation known as Greater London Inner London is the name for the group of London boroughs which form the interior part of Greater London and are surrounded by Outer London. Outer London is the name for the group of London Boroughs that form a ring around Inner London. England Regis Beeston Regis Bere Regis Bognor Regis Grafton Regis Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. Twelve of these plus the City of London constitute Inner London, while twenty others constitute Outer London. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically Inner London is the name for the group of London boroughs which form the interior part of Greater London and are surrounded by Outer London. Outer London is the name for the group of London Boroughs that form a ring around Inner London.
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Functions
The London boroughs are administered by London Borough Councils which are elected every four years. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically The City of Westminster ( is a borough of London with city status. The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea ( (often abbreviated to RBKC) is a London borough in the west side of Central London. The London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham ( is a London borough in West London and forms part of Inner London. The London Borough of Wandsworth (ˈlʌndən bʌɹə ɒv ˈwɒndz The London Borough of Lambeth ( is a London borough in South London, England and forms part of Inner London. The London Borough of Southwark ( is a London borough in south east London, England. The London Borough of Tower Hamlets ( is a London borough to the east of the City of London, England and north of the River Thames in East The London Borough of Hackney ( is a London borough in North-East London and forms part of Inner London. The London Borough of Islington ( is a London borough in North and Inner London. The London Borough of Camden ( is a borough of London, England, which forms part of Inner London. The London Borough of Brent ( is a London borough in north west London, UK and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Ealing ( is an Outer London borough in West London. The London Borough of Hounslow ( is a London borough in West London, England. The London Borough of Richmond upon Thames ( is a London borough in south west London, England, which forms part of Outer London. The Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames ( is a borough in south-west London, England. The London Borough of Merton ( is a London borough in south west London. The London Borough of Sutton ( is a London borough in South London, England and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Croydon ( is a London borough in South London, England and is part of Outer London. The London Borough of Bromley ( is a London borough of south east London, England and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Lewisham ( is a London borough in south-east London, England and forms part of Inner London. The London Borough of Greenwich ( (Greenwich ˈgrɛnɪtʃ is an Inner London borough in south-east London, England. The London Borough of Bexley ( is a London borough in south east Greater London which forms with other boroughs part of Outer London. The London Borough of Barking and Dagenham ( is a London borough in East London and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Redbridge ( is a London borough in north east London, England and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Newham ( is a London borough in East London, within Greater London. The London Borough of Waltham Forest is a London borough in East London England and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Haringey (ˈhærɪŋgeɪ) is a Borough of North London, classified by some definitions as part of Inner London, and by The London Borough of Barnet ( is a London borough in North London and forms part of Outer London. The London Borough of Harrow ( is a London borough of outer north-west London. The London Borough of Hillingdon ( is the westernmost Borough in Greater London, England. The boroughs are the principal local authorities in London and are responsible for running most local services in their areas, such as schools, social services, waste collection and roads. The pattern of local government in England is complex with the distribution of functions varying according to the local arrangements Some London-wide services are run by the Greater London Authority, and some services and lobbying of government are pooled within London Councils. The Greater London Authority ( GLA) is the city-wide governing body for London, England. London Councils is the local government association for London, bringing together representatives of the 32 London Boroughs and the City of London Corporation Some London borough councils also group together for such services as waste collection and disposal, e. g. the West London Waste Authority. The London boroughs are local government districts and have similar functions to metropolitan boroughs. The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government A metropolitan borough is a type of local government district in England covering urban areas within metropolitan counties. Each London borough is a Local Education Authority. Until 1990 the Inner London boroughs were served by a shared LEA, the Inner London Education Authority. The Inner London Education Authority (ILEA was the education authority for the 12 inner London boroughs from 1965 until its abolition in 1990
Nomenclature
There are three boroughs which do not use the term "London Borough of" in their names. They are Westminster, which is termed the City of Westminster as it has city status; and Kingston upon Thames and Kensington and Chelsea, which are termed "Royal Borough of", due to their Royal borough status. England Regis Beeston Regis Bere Regis Bognor Regis Grafton Regis Additionally, the council for Westminster is termed Westminster City Council.
History
The present London boroughs were created by the London Government Act 1963. The London Government Act 1963 (1963 c 33 is an act of the UK parliament, which recognised officially the Conurbation known as Greater London They came into existence on April 1, 1965 with the creation of Greater London. Events 527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. The first London Borough elections had been held in 1964 with the newly elected London Borough Councils acting as "shadow" authorities before coming into power the following year.
They had wider authority than the inner London metropolitan boroughs and neighbouring urban districts and municipal boroughs which they mostly replaced, but less power than the three county boroughs of Croydon, West Ham and East Ham, which ceased to exist at the same time. The County of London was a ceremonial county and administrative county of England from 1889 to 1965 In the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, an urban district was a type of Local government district that covered an Urbanised area Municipal boroughs were a type of Local government which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974 in Northern Ireland from 1840 to County borough is a term introduced in 1889 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (excluding Scotland) to refer to a Borough or a City
Between 1965 and 1986 the London boroughs were part of a two-tier system of government, and shared power with the Greater London Council (GLC). Year 1986 ( MCMLXXXVI) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar) The Greater London Council (GLC was the top-tier Local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986 However on 1 April 1986, the GLC was abolished, the London boroughs inherited most of its powers and became in effect unitary authorities (combining both county and borough functions). See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions Since the creation in 2000 of a new Greater London Authority, covering the former GLC area but with more limited powers, the boroughs now have powers intermediate between those of English unitary authorities and non-metropolitan districts within shire counties. 2000 ( MM) was a Leap year that started on Saturday of the Common Era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. The Greater London Authority ( GLA) is the city-wide governing body for London, England. See also Independent city A unitary authority is a type of Local authority that has a single tier and is responsible for all Local government functions Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially ' shire districts', are a type of local government district in England. A non-metropolitan county or shire county in England, is a county-level entity which is not a Metropolitan county.
The City of London is administered by its own distinct body, the City of London Corporation, which predates the London boroughs. For London as a whole see the main article London. The City of London is a geographically The City of London Corporation (formerly known as the Corporation of London)is the municipal governing body of the City of London.
The word borough has cognates in virtually every Germanic language, as well as other Indo-European languages. The Germanic languages are a group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European (IE Language family. For a fuller explanation, see under borough. A borough is an Administrative division of various countries In principle the term borough designates a self-governing Township although in practice
Inner London boroughs
| London Borough | Former metropolitan boroughs |
|---|---|
| Camden | Hampstead, Holborn, St Pancras |
| Greenwich | Greenwich, most of Woolwich |
| Hackney | Hackney, Shoreditch, Stoke Newington |
| Hammersmith and Fulham | Hammersmith, Fulham |
| Islington | Islington, Finsbury |
| Kensington and Chelsea | Kensington, Chelsea |
| Lambeth | Lambeth (and Streatham and Clapham from Wandsworth) |
| Lewisham | Lewisham, Deptford |
| Southwark | Bermondsey, Camberwell, Southwark |
| Tower Hamlets | Bethnal Green, Poplar, Stepney |
| Wandsworth | Battersea, Wandsworth (except Streatham and Clapham) |
| Westminster | Paddington, St Marylebone, Westminster |
Outer London boroughs
See also: List of places in London
See also
- The Five Boroughs (New York City)
External links
- London Borough of Hackney Council's map page
- London Borough of Islington council map page with clickable map linking to each borough's web site. Inner London is the name for the group of London boroughs which form the interior part of Greater London and are surrounded by Outer London. The London Borough of Camden ( is a borough of London, England, which forms part of Inner London. The Metropolitan Borough of Hampstead was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London from 1900 to 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan Borough The Metropolitan Borough of Holborn was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan Borough The Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan The London Borough of Greenwich ( (Greenwich ˈgrɛnɪtʃ is an Inner London borough in south-east London, England. The Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London from 1900 to 1965 The London Borough of Hackney ( is a London borough in North-East London and forms part of Inner London. }The Metropolitan Borough of Hackney was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London from 1900 to 1965 The Metropolitan Borough of Shoreditch was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it was merged with the Metropolitan Borough The Metropolitan Borough of Stoke Newington was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it became part of the London Borough The London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham ( is a London borough in West London and forms part of Inner London. The Metropolitan Borough of Hammersmith was between 1900 and 1965 a Metropolitan borough of the County of London. The Metropolitan Borough of Fulham was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it was merged with the Metropolitan Borough The London Borough of Islington ( is a London borough in North and Inner London. The Metropolitan Borough of Islington was a Metropolitan borough within the County of London from 1900 to 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan The Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury was a Metropolitan borough within the County of London from 1900 to 1965 when it was amalgamated with the Metropolitan Borough The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea ( (often abbreviated to RBKC) is a London borough in the west side of Central London. The Metropolitan Borough of Kensington was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London from 1900 to 1965 The Metropolitan Borough of Chelsea was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London between 1900 and 1965 The London Borough of Lambeth ( is a London borough in South London, England and forms part of Inner London. The Metropolitan Borough of Lambeth was a Metropolitan borough under London County Council from 1900 to 1965 Streatham is a place in the London Borough of Lambeth in the United Kingdom. Clapham is an area of South London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth. The Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth was a Metropolitan borough under the London County Council, from 1900 to 1965 The London Borough of Lewisham ( is a London borough in south-east London, England and forms part of Inner London. The Metropolitan Borough of Lewisham was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it became part of the London Borough of Lewisham The Metropolitan Borough of Deptford was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it became part of the London Borough of The London Borough of Southwark ( is a London borough in south east London, England. The Metropolitan Borough of Bermondsey was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London, created in 1900 by the London Government Act 1899. The Metropolitan Borough of Camberwell was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London. The Metropolitan Borough of Southwark was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London. The London Borough of Tower Hamlets ( is a London borough to the east of the City of London, England and north of the River Thames in East The Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London between 1900 and 1965 when it was merged into the London Borough The Metropolitan Borough of Poplar was between 1900 and 1965 a Metropolitan borough in the County of London. The Metropolitan Borough of Stepney was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London created in 1900 The London Borough of Wandsworth (ˈlʌndən bʌɹə ɒv ˈwɒndz The Metropolitan Borough of Battersea was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London of England between 1900 and 1965 The Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth was a Metropolitan borough under the London County Council, from 1900 to 1965 The City of Westminster ( is a borough of London with city status. The Metropolitan Borough of Paddington was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London between 1900 and 1965 The Metropolitan Borough of St Marylebone was a Metropolitan borough of the County of London from 1900 to 1965 The Metropolitan Borough of Westminster was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London, England, from 1900 to 1965 Outer London is the name for the group of London Boroughs that form a ring around Inner London. The London Borough of Barking and Dagenham ( is a London borough in East London and forms part of Outer London. Barking was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1894 to 1965 Dagenham was a local government district in south west Essex from 1926 to 1965 covering the parish of Dagenham. Essex is a county in the East of England. The County town is Chelmsford, and the highest point of the county is Chrishall Common The London Borough of Barnet ( is a London borough in North London and forms part of Outer London. Barnet was a local government district in south Hertfordshire from 1863 to 1965 around the town of Barnet. East Barnet was a local government district in south Hertfordshire from 1863 to 1965 around the town of East Barnet Hertfordshire (ˈhɑːtfədʃə(r, abbreviated Herts) is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of Finchley was created an Urban district of Middlesex in 1894 In 1932 it was made a Municipal borough. Hendon was an ancient Civil parish of around which included Mill Hill,, as well as Golders Green and Childs Hill. Friern Barnet is a place in the London Borough of Barnet. It is a suburban development situated north of Charing Cross. Middlesex is one of the 39 historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The London Borough of Bexley ( is a London borough in south east Greater London which forms with other boroughs part of Outer London. Bexley was a local government district in north west Kent from 1879 to 1965 around the town of Old Bexley. Erith was a local government district in north west Kent from 1894 to 1965 around the town of Erith. Crayford was a local government district in north west Kent from 1920 to 1965 around the town of Crayford. Chislehurst and Sidcup Urban District was a local government district and civil parish in north west Kent, England from 1934 to 1965 KENT (1400 AM) is a Radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards/MOR format The London Borough of Brent ( is a London borough in north west London, UK and forms part of Outer London. Wembley was an Urban district and later a Municipal borough in Middlesex, England from 1894 to 1965 Willesden was a local government district in the county of Middlesex, England from 1874 to 1965 The London Borough of Bromley ( is a London borough of south east London, England and forms part of Outer London. Bromley was a local government district in northwest Kent from 1867 to 1965 around the town of Bromley. Beckenham was a local government district in north west Kent from 1878 to 1965 around the town of Beckenham. Orpington was a local government district in north west Kent from 1934 to 1965 around the town of Orpington, England. Penge was a local government district in north west Kent from 1900 to 1965 Chislehurst and Sidcup Urban District was a local government district and civil parish in north west Kent, England from 1934 to 1965 The London Borough of Croydon ( is a London borough in South London, England and is part of Outer London. Croydon was a local government district in north east Surrey, England from 1849 to 1965 Coulsdon and Purley Urban District was a local government district in north east Surrey from 1915 to 1965 Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. The London Borough of Ealing ( is an Outer London borough in West London. Acton was a Local government district in Middlesex, England from 1865 to 1965 Ealing was a local government district from 1863 to 1965 around the town of Ealing. Southall (until 1936 Southall Norwood) was a local government district in the county of Middlesex, United Kingdom from 1891 to 1965 Edmonton was a local government district in south east Middlesex, England from 1850 to 1965 Enfield was a local government district in Middlesex, England from 1850 to 1965 Southgate was a local government district of Middlesex from 1881 to 1965 The London Borough of Haringey (ˈhærɪŋgeɪ) is a Borough of North London, classified by some definitions as part of Inner London, and by Hornsey was a local government district in east Middlesex from 1867 to 1965 Tottenham was a local government district in north east Middlesex from 1850 to 1965 Wood Green was a local government district in south east Middlesex from 1888 to 1965 The London Borough of Harrow ( is a London borough of outer north-west London. The London Borough of Harrow ( is a London borough of outer north-west London. Romford was a local government district in south west Essex from 1894 to 1965 Hornchurch was a local government district in south west Essex from 1926 to 1965 The London Borough of Hillingdon ( is the westernmost Borough in Greater London, England. Hayes (from 1930 Hayes and Harlington) was a local government district in west Middlesex, England from 1904 to 1965 Ruislip-Northwood was an Urban district in Middlesex, England from 1904 to 1965 Uxbridge was a local government district in north west Middlesex from 1849 to 1965 around the town of Uxbridge. Yiewsley and West Drayton was an Urban district in Middlesex, England. The London Borough of Hounslow ( is a London borough in West London, England. Brentford and Chiswick was a local government district of Middlesex, England from 1927 to 1965 Feltham was an Urban district in Middlesex, England from 1904 to 1965 Heston and Isleworth was a local government district of Middlesex, England from 1894 to 1965 The Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames ( is a borough in south-west London, England. Kingston-upon-Thames was a local government district and borough in north east Surrey, England from 1835 to 1965 around the town of Kingston upon Thames Malden and Coombe was a local government district in Surrey, England from 1866 to 1965 Surbiton was a local government district in north east Surrey, United Kingdom from 1855 to 1965 The London Borough of Merton ( is a London borough in south west London. Mitcham was a local government district in north east Surrey from 1915 to 1965 around the town of Mitcham. Merton Urban District was an Urban district in Surrey, England, created in 1907 to cover the parish of Merton. Wimbledon was a local government district in north-east Surrey from 1866 to 1965 covering the town of Wimbledon and its surrounding area The London Borough of Newham ( is a London borough in East London, within Greater London. East Ham was a local government district in the far south west of Essex from 1878 to 1965 West Ham was a local government district in the extreme south west of Essex from 1886 to 1965 forming part of the built-up area of London, although outside the Barking was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1894 to 1965 North Woolwich is a place in the London Borough of Newham. It is located north of Woolwich proper which is on the south bank of the River Thames. The Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich was a Metropolitan borough in the County of London from 1900 to 1965 The County of London was a ceremonial county and administrative county of England from 1889 to 1965 The London Borough of Redbridge ( is a London borough in north east London, England and forms part of Outer London. Ilford was a local government district in south west Essex, England from 1890 to 1965 covering the parish of Ilford. Wanstead and Woodford was a local government district in south west Essex from 1934 to 1965 Dagenham was a local government district in south west Essex from 1926 to 1965 covering the parish of Dagenham. Chigwell was a local government district in south west Essex, England. The London Borough of Richmond upon Thames ( is a London borough in south west London, England, which forms part of Outer London. Barnes was a local government district in north west Surrey from 1894 to 1965 Richmond was a Municipal borough in Surrey, England from 1890 to 1965 Twickenham was a local government district in Middlesex, England from 1868 to 1965 The London Borough of Sutton ( is a London borough in South London, England and forms part of Outer London. Beddington is a settlement between the London Boroughs of Sutton and Croydon. Carshalton was a local government district in north east Surrey from 1883 to 1965 around the town of Carshalton. Sutton and Cheam was a local government district in north east Surrey, England from 1882 to 1965 The London Borough of Waltham Forest is a London borough in East London England and forms part of Outer London. Chingford was a local government district in south west Essex from 1894 to 1965 around the town of Chingford. Leyton was a local government district in south west Essex from 1894 to 1965 around the town of Leyton. Walthamstow was a local government district in south west Essex from 1894 to 1965 around the town of Walthamstow. This is a partial list of places in London, England See List of places in England for lists of settlements in other counties In New York City, a borough is a unique form of government which administers the five fundamental constituent parts that make up the consolidated city
| Region level: | Region | Region | Region | London |
| County level: | Metropolitan county | Shire county | Unitary authority | Greater London |
| District level: | Metropolitan district | Shire district | n/a | London borough |
| Parish level: | (Civil parish) | (Civil parish) | (Civil parish) | n/a |
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