| Lollapalooza | |
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| Official logo for Lollapalooza | |
| Location(s) | North America touring (1991-1997, 2003) Chicago, Illinois (2005-present; scheduled through 2011) |
| Years active | 1991-1997, 2003, 2005-present |
| Founded by | Perry Farrell |
| Date(s) | June, July, August |
| Genre(s) | Alternative rock, hip hop, punk rock |
| Website | http://www.lollapalooza.com |
Lollapalooza is an American music festival featuring alternative rock, hip hop, and punk rock bands, dance and comedy performances, and craft booths. Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The State of Illinois ( roughly ill-i-NOY is a state of the United States of America, the 21st to be admitted to the Union. Not to be confused with Pharrell Williams Perry Farrell (born Peretz Bernstein on March 29, 1959) is an American Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Dance (from French danser, perhaps from Frankish) is an Art form that generally refers to movement of the body usually rhythmic Comedy (from the Greek κωμωδίαkomodia has a popular meaning (any discourse generally intended to amuse especially in Television, Film, and A craft is a Skill, especially involving practical arts. It may refer to a Trade or particular art It also provided a platform for non-profit and political groups. Conceived and created in 1991 by Jane's Addiction singer Perry Farrell as a farewell tour for his band, Lollapalooza ran annually until 1997, and was revived in 2003. Jane's Addiction is an American Alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles California in 1985 Not to be confused with Pharrell Williams Perry Farrell (born Peretz Bernstein on March 29, 1959) is an American The festival encapsulated American youth culture for the 1990s much as Woodstock did for the 1960s. A youth subculture is a Youth -based Subculture with distinct styles behaviours and interests
From its inception through 1997, and a revival in 2003, the festival toured North America. After poor ticket sales forced the 2004 tour to be cancelled,[1] it was retooled in 2005 by Austin, Texas-based Capital Sports Entertainment into its current format as a weekend destination festival in Grant Park in Chicago. Grant Park (originally named Lake Park is a large Park (319 acres or 1 Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States.
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Etymology
The word dates from an American idiom of the early 20th century—originally meaning "remarkable or wonderful person or thing" and sometimes alternatively spelled and pronounced as lollapalootza or lalapaloosa. The twentieth century of the Common Era began on [2] Common in popular usage throughout the early decades of the 1900s, the word steeply declined in popularity by mid-century. Farrell, searching for a name for his festival, liked the euphonious quality of the now antiquated term upon hearing it in a Three Stooges short film. The Three Stooges were an American Vaudeville and Comedy act of the early to mid–20th century best known for their numerous Short subject films The term also refers to a large lollipop (or "all-day sucker"), one of which is held by the character in the festival's original logo.
History
Creation
Perry Farrell conceived of the festival in 1990 as a farewell tour for Jane's Addiction. Not to be confused with Pharrell Williams Perry Farrell (born Peretz Bernstein on March 29, 1959) is an American During the Summer of 1990 "A Gathering of the Tribes" festival was a successful collaboration between legendary concert promoter Bill Graham and Ian Astbury—lead singer of the band The Cult. A Gathering of the Tribes was a two-day music festival organized by The Cult 's Ian Astbury with Bill Graham at the head of Bill Graham Productions Bill Graham ( January 8, 1931 &ndash October 25, 1991) was an American Impresario and rock Concert promoter Ian Robert Astbury (born May 14, 1962 in Heswall, Cheshire) is an English rock Singer and Lyricist The Cult are an English rock band which gained a dedicated following in their native Britain with mid-'80s singles like " She Sells Sanctuary " This festival played only two dates, both in California. The concerts were held in Mountain View and Los Angeles. This festival set the mold of a mix of diverse musical acts and a progressive/alternative marketplace. The musical acts signed to perform at the festival included: Iggy Pop, Soundgarden, Queen Latifah, The Cramps, Indigo Girls, Lenny Kravitz, Joan Baez, Steve Jones (of the Sex Pistols fame), and Public Enemy. James Newell Osterberg Jr (born April 21, 1947) better known by his Stage name Iggy Pop, is an American rock singer Songwriter The Cramps are an American Punk rock band formed in 1976. Their line-up has rotated much over the years with lead singer Lux Interior and lead guitarist Indigo Girls are an American Folk rock duo consisting of Amy Ray and Emily Saliers. Leonard Albert "Lenny" Kravitz (born May 26, 1964) is an American Singer-songwriter, Multi-instrumentalist, Record Joan Chandos Baez (born January 9, 1941 in Staten Island, New York) an American Folk singer and Songwriter known Stephen Phillip Jones (born 3 September, 1955 in Shepherds Bush, London) is an English rock Guitarist The Sex Pistols are an English Punk rock band that formed in London in 1975 Public Enemy, also known as PE, is an influential hip hop group from Long Island New York, known for its politically charged Lyrics, criticism Perry Farrell attended the Los Angeles concert and decided the time was right for a national version of such a diverse touring festival.
Unlike previous music festivals such as Woodstock, The Gathering of The Tribes, or the US Festival, which were one-time events held in one venue, Lollapalooza was a touring show—a modern-day Chautauqua—that travelled across the United States and Canada. The US Festivals ( US pronounced like the pronoun not as initials were two early 1980s music and culture festivals sponsored by Steve Wozniak of at the time This article is about the educational summer-camp movement For other uses of "Chautauqua" see Chautauqua (disambiguation. Instead of drawing music enthusiasts from around the country to one spot, Lollapalooza came to them—bringing West Coast and East Coast underground culture to cities in the heartland. The " West Coast " " Western Seaboard " or " Pacific Seaboard " are terms for the westernmost coastal states of the Western United States The East Coast of the United States, also known as the "Eastern Seaboard" or "Atlantic Seaboard" refers to the easternmost coastal states in the central and northern Because of this, many more people saw, and participated in Lollapalooza than had been to any previous music festival.
The inaugural 1991 lineup was daringly eclectic, drawing in headliners from rap such as Ice-T as well as industrial music such as Nine Inch Nails. Hip hop music, also referred to as rap music, is a Music genre typically consisting of a rhythmic vocal style called rap which is accompanied with Industrial music is a loose term for a number of different styles of Experimental music, especially but not necessarily Electronic music. Crossing popular music's rigidly-drawn genre lines gave the festival an air of independence from corporate rock. Another key concept behind Lollapalooza was the inclusion of non-musical features. Performers like the Jim Rose Circus Side Show, an alternative freak show, and the Shaolin monks stretched the boundaries of traditional rock culture. The original Jim Rose Circus is a modern-day version of a circus Sideshow. The Shaolin Monastery or Shaolin Temple ( is a Chan Buddhist temple at Song Shan in Zhengzhou City Henan Province There was a tent for display of art pieces, virtual reality games, and information tables for political and environmental non-profit groups. Virtual reality ( VR) is a technology which allows a user to interact with a Computer-simulated environment be it a real or imagined one Lollapalooza's charter was not just a super-star rock jam—it was a cultural festival, albeit for the newly-formed 1990s counterculture.
Success and decline
The explosion of alternative rock in the early 1990s propelled Lollapalooza forward; the 1992 and 1993 festivals leaned heavily on grunge and alternative acts, and usually featured an additional rap artist. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of Punk rock standbys like mosh pits and crowd surfing became part of the canon of the concerts. Moshing or slamming refers to the activity in which audience members at live music performances aggressively push or slam into each other Crowd surfing describes the process in which a person is passed overhead from person to person during a concert transferring the person from one part of the venue to another These years saw great increases in the participatory nature of the event. Booths for open-microphone readings and oratory, television-smashing pits, jungle-gyms and group-musical pieces, and tattooing and piercing parlors made the event seem more like a county fair than a concert.
After 1991, the festival included a second stage (and, in 1996, a third stage) for up-and-coming bands or local acts. It began a churning effect for alternative music—as underground bands broke through to the mainstream, they drew listeners to Lollapalooza, who would then see the next generation of underground bands on the second stage. Many of the bands that played second stage at Lollapalooza later had more widespread commercial success.
In the early 1990s (prior to the advent of the ability to order tickets online via a website on the Internet), many attendees would have to camp outdoors in front of Ticketmaster outlets for hours (or even days) at a time in order to purchase tickets. The Internet is a global system of interconnected Computer networks Ticketmaster is a ticket sales and distribution company based in West Hollywood California, USA, with operations in many countries around the world Attendee complaints of the festival included high ticket prices as well as the high cost for food and water at the shows. [3] When the festival played at the Pine Knob Music Theater in Clarkston, Michigan (near Detroit) in 1992, concertgoers ripped up chunks of sod and grass and threw them at each other and at the bands, resulting in tens of thousands of dollars in damage to the venue. The DTE Energy Music Theatre is a 15274-seat Amphitheater located in Clarkston Michigan. Clarkston, known officially by the somewhat confusing name City of the Village of Clarkston, is a city located within Independence Charter Township in Oakland Michigan ( is a Midwestern state of the United States of America. [4] Once the sun went down, attendees also lit several impromptu bonfires across the lawn using blankets, trash, sleeping bags, etc. , in large heaps. Some attendees also climbed the scaffolding and lighting rigs surrounding the stage and overhanging the seats. This behavior resulted in the festival not being invited back to Pine Knob in 1993 (it was held at a dragway in Milan that year), but for reasons not explained, the festival was invited back to Pine Knob in 1994. Milan is a city that straddles the counties of Monroe and Washtenaw counties in the State of Michigan. When a sudden rainstorm occurred during the 1992 show at SPAC in Saratoga, New York, attendees created their own form of "slip and slide" on the wet lawn. After a half hour or so the lawn was nothing more than a huge mud pit and sliders were literally covered in mud for the remainder of the day. In Boston that same year, after night fell on the event fans tore down large sections of a tall perimeter fence at the back of the lawn area and used the planks to start large bonfires on the lawn. In 1993, most items were banned at the gate and beer sales were closed three hours before the end of the event to prevent events such as these from occurring. This type of behavior would also be repeated a few years later at Woodstock '94 and again at Woodstock '99. Woodstock '94 was a Music festival organized in order to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the original Woodstock Festival of 1969. Woodstock 1999, held July 23 - 25, 1999 was the second large-scale Music festival (after Woodstock '94) that attempted to emulate the
1994 was the high-water-mark of the grunge era and a year of tragedy for Lollapalooza. Nirvana, the band that had kicked off grunge's breakthrough into mainstream music, was scheduled to headline the festival, but the band officially pulled out of the festival on April 7, 1994. Nirvana was an American rock band that was formed by singer/guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen Washington. Events 529 - First draft of Corpus Juris Civilis (a fundamental work in Jurisprudence) is issued by Eastern Roman Emperor Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar) Kurt Cobain's body was discovered in Seattle, Washington the next day. Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20 1967 – c April 5 1994 was an American musician who served as lead singer, Guitarist, and songwriter for the Seattle Cobain's widow, Courtney Love, made surprise guest appearances at several shows, including the Philadelphia show at FDR Park (usually taking time given to her by The Smashing Pumpkins vocalist Billy Corgan), speaking to the crowds about the loss. Courtney Michelle Love (born Courtney Michelle Harrison on July 9 1964 is an American Rock musician and Golden Globe-nominated actress The Smashing Pumpkins are an American Alternative rock band that formed in Chicago, Illinois in 1988 William Patrick Corgan Jr (born March 17, 1967 in Elk Grove Village Illinois) is an American Singer, Songwriter,
In 1996, Farrell, who had been the soul of the festival, quit the organization to concentrate on his new festival project, ENIT; most of his financial interest was sold to the William Morris Agency. William Morris Agency, founded in 1898 as a Vaudeville booking broker is a Hollywood Talent agency that represents many well-known performers and Ideas and musical genres that had been edgy and risque at the beginning of the 1990s were now mainstream or passe. Many fans saw the addition of Metallica in 1996 as going against the practice of featuring "non-mainstream" artists. Metallica is an American heavy metal band that formed in 1981 in. Efforts were made to keep the festival relevant; including more eclectic acts such as country superstar Waylon Jennings and emphasizing more heavily electronica groups like The Prodigy. Country music is a blend of popular musical forms originally found in the Southern United States and the Appalachian Mountains. Waylon Arnold Jennings ( June 15, 1937 &ndash February 13, 2002) was an influential American Country music Singer Electronica includes a wide range of contemporary Electronic music designed for a wide range The Prodigy are an Electronic music group formed by Liam Howlett in 1990 in Braintree Essex, England. By 1997, however, the Lollapalooza concept had run out of steam, and in 1998 failed efforts to find a headliner willing to do the show resulted in the festival's cancellation. [5]
Revival and rebirth
In 2003, Farrell reconvened Jane's Addiction and scheduled a new Lollapalooza tour. Jane's Addiction is an American Alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles California in 1985 The festival schedule included venues in 30 cities through July and August. The 2003 tour achieved only marginal success with many fans staying away, presumably because of high ticket prices. [4] Another tour scheduled for 2004 was to break the mold a bit, with each tour stop consisting of a two day festival. It was canceled in June due to weak ticket sales across the country. [1]
Farrell partnered with Capital Sports & Entertainment (now C3 Presents), which co-owns and produces the Austin City Limits Music Festival, to produce Lollapalooza. The Austin City Limits Music Festival is an annual three-day music and art festival in Austin Texas 's Zilker Park. CSE—along with Charles Attal Presents—resurrected Lollapalooza as a two-day destination festival in 2005 in Grant Park, Chicago, with an even greater variety of performers (70 acts on five stages) than that of the touring festival. Grant Park (originally named Lake Park is a large Park (319 acres or 1 Chicago (ʃɪˈkɑːgoʊ is the largest City by population in the state of Illinois and the American Midwest of the United States. The festival was generally successful, attracting over 65,000 attendees, despite a 104 degree Sunday heat wave (3 people were hospitalized for heat related illness). A heat wave is a prolonged period of excessively hot Weather, which may be accompanied by high Humidity. It returned to Chicago from August 4-6, 2006. Events 70 - The Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. On October 25, 2006, the Chicago Park District and Capital Sports & Entertainment agreed to a five-year, $5 million deal, keeping Lollapalooza at Grant Park in Chicago until 2011. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. [6]
Lollapalooza lineups by year
- Further information: List of Lollapalooza lineups by year
References
- ^ a b The Associated Press. This is a list of Lollapalooza lineups, sorted by year Lollapalooza was a travelling music festival organized by Jane's Addiction singer Perry Farrell "Lollapalooza 2004 cancels all dates". USA Today. USA TODAY is a national American daily Newspaper published by the Gannett Company. June 22, 2004. Events 217 BC - Battle of Raphia: Ptolemy IV of Egypt defeats Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom. "MMIV" redirects here For the Modest Mouse album see " Baron von Bullshit Rides Again "
- ^ Appleton, Victor [1916]. "Chapter XIV, Mysterious Disappearances", Tom Swift and His Big Tunnel.
- ^ Volpi, Matt. "Lollapalooza festival alternates cool music with dumb people". The Daily Collegian. The Daily Collegian is the student-operated newspaper at the Pennsylvania State University. August 1, 1994. Events 30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Year 1994 ( MCMXCIV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar)
- ^ a b Grimes, Taylor and Longton, Jeff. "Lollapalooza History Timeline". Billboard.com. See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry 2007.
- ^ "Lollapalooza Cancelled". Billboard. See Billboard (Turkish magazine Billboard is a weekly American Magazine devoted to the Music industry April 6, 1998. Events 46 BC - Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato in the Battle of Thapsus Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar)
- ^ Herrmann, Andrew. "Lollapalooza to rock city for 5 more years". Chicago Sun-Times. The Chicago Sun-Times is an American daily Newspaper published in Chicago, Illinois. October 26, 2006. Events 740 - An Earthquake strikes Constantinople, causing much damage and death Year 2006 ( MMVI) was a Common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar.
External links
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