| Ljubljana | |||
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| Country | Slovenia | ||
| First mention | 1144 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor and governor | Zoran Janković (Lista Zorana Jankovića) | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 275. The Triple Bridge (Tromostovje is one of the symbols of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. The Ljubljanica is a River in Slovenia. It is 41 km long and some 20 km of its course lies underground in Caves so the river has seven names (six name Prešeren Square (Prešernov trg is the central square in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government A governor is a governing official usually the executive (at least nominally to different degrees also politically and administratively of a non-sovereign level of government Zoran Janković ( Serbian Cyrillic: Зоран Јанковић (born January 1, 1953 in Saraorci, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia The list of Ljubljanas mayor Zoran Janković consisted of 45 candidates Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. 0 km² (106. Square Kilometre ( US spelling square kilometer) symbol km2, is a decimal multiple of the SI unit of 2 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 298 m (978 ft) | ||
| Population (2006)[1] | |||
| - Total | 267,386 | ||
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | ||
| Area code(s) | 01 | ||
| Vehicle Registration | LJ | ||
| Website: www.ljubljana.si | |||
Ljubljana (pronounced [ʎubˈʎa:nʌ]), is the largest city and capital of Slovenia. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit Central European Time ( CET) is one of the names of the Time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+1 is used in the following locations Central European Time West Africa Time Western European Summer Time Daylight saving time ( DST Central European Summer Time ( CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 Time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. UTC+2 corresponds to the following Time zones Eastern European Time Egypt Standard Time Central Africa Time A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks A vehicle registration plate is a metal or plastic plate attached to a Motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Republika Slovenija) is a Country in southern Central Europe bordering Italy to the west It is located in the center of the country and has a population of 267,386 according to a 2006 census. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population Ljubljana is regarded as the cultural, scientific, economic, political and administrative center of Slovenia. The city is divided into several quarters, formerly municipalities, which also correspond to the main electoral constituencies of the city: Šiška, Bežigrad, Vič, Moste, and Center. A municipality is an administrative entity composed of a clearly defined territory and its population and commonly denotes a City, Town, or Village, or An election is a Decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold formal office A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures goals or loyalty is the most populous of the city quarters of Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia. is a district in the northern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. It encompasses the area between the southern rail line to the south the Upper Carniola (or Vič is a quarter in the southern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. is a quarter in eastern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Ljubljana Center is a central district of the city Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Its transport connections, concentration of industry, scientific and research institutions and industrial tradition are contributing factors to its leading economic position. Ljubljana is the seat of the central government, administrative bodies and all government ministries of Slovenia. Public administration can be broadly described as the development implementation and study of branches of government Policy. The politics of Slovenia takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic Republic, whereby the Prime Minister It is also the seat of Parliament and of the Office of the President. The Slovenian Parliament (Parlament Slovenije is the Bicameral legislative body of Slovenia based in the capital Ljubljana. The function of President of the Republic of Slovenia (Predsednik Republike Slovenije was established on 23 December 1991, when the National Assembly of Slovenia
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Etymology
Linguists disagree as to where the name Ljubljana comes from. A close similarity to the Slovenian word ljubljena, or "beloved", is generally thought to be coincidental. Slovene or Slovenian ( slovenski jezik or slovenščina, not to be confused with Slovenčina) is a South Slavic language Although the name could have evolved from the Latin term for a flooding river, alluviana, some believe the source of the present-day name is Laburus, a deity from old Slavic mythology and supposed patron of the original settlement. Latin ( lingua Latīna, laˈtiːna is an Italic language, historically spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. See also List of deities A deity is a Postulated Preternatural or Supernatural Being, who is always Slavic mythology is the Mythological aspect of the Religion that was practised by the ancient Slavs. Other linguists reconstruct an earlier Lablana, rejecting both a Latin or Slavic source, but without settling on an etymology. The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages) a group of closely related Languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages [2]
Laibach (/'lɑɪbaχ/), the German name for the city, derives from Laibach (and also possibly Laubach), meaning "a lukewarm brook" in German; lai ("tepid") + bach ("brook"). The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages. A stream is a body of Water with a current, confined within a bed and stream-banks Its Italian name Lubiana (/lʊb'jɑːna/) is a hybrid rendering of the Latin and German versions. Italian ( or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people as a First language, primarily in Italy. These names are important for historical reasons. The name Laibach was popularized again during the 1980s by the experimental music group Laibach. Laibach is a Slovenian avant-garde Music group strongly associated with industrial, martial, and neo-classical musical
The use of the German name was discouraged in Slovenia after 1918 and became especially controversial during the Second World War, when the Nazis tried to implement a violent Germanization policy in most parts of German-occupied Slovenia. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including Nazism, which was a short name for National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus refers primarily to the Ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Germanisation (also spelled Germanization) is either the spread of the German language, people and culture either by force or Assimilation Nowadays most Germans use the term Ljubljana. On the other hand, Laibach is still widely used especially in Austria and southern Germany, as well as by the German embassy in Ljubljana. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich
History
Beginnings
Ljubljana and its surrounding area have been populated since ancient times. The earliest known settlements, in the Bronze Age, consisted of wooden houses erected on stakes (palafitos). The term Bronze Age refers to a period in human cultural development when the most advanced Metalworking (at least in systematic and widespread use included techniques for A palafito is an Amerindian stilt village or dwelling erected on bodies of water
The Roman settlement Emona (full name: Colonia Iulia Aemona) was built in AD 15 by the Legio XV Apollinaris. The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial Emona or Aemona, short for Colonia Iulia (Aemona was a Roman Castrum founded in 14/15 AD possibly by the XV Legio Apollinaris Legio XV Apollinaris ("devoted to Apollo " was a Roman legion. In AD 452, Aemona was sacked and devastated by the Huns, led by Attila. The Huns were an early confederation of Central Asian equestrian nomads or semi-nomads with a Turkic core of aristocracy
Middle Ages
The first records mentioning Ljubljana date to 1144 (referred to by its German name Laibach) and 1146 (by its Latin name, Luwigana). The German language (de ''Deutsch'') is a West Germanic language and one of the world's major languages.
The settlement received town rights in 1220, and in 1335 came under Habsburg rule, lasting until 1918. During this time Ljubljana was the capital of the duchy of Carniola. Carniola (Kranjska Krain is a traditional and historical region of Slovenia. Ljubljana also became the seat of a diocese in 1461 and developed into a Slovenian cultural center during the late Middle Ages.
Nineteenth century
The Habsburg rule was shortly interrupted by the Napoleonic wars, and between 1809 and 1813 Ljubljana was the capital of the French Illyrian provinces. Ljubljana Castle (Ljubljanski grad is a Medieval castle on Castle Hill in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Town Square (Mestni trg is one of the main squares in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. is a district in the northern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. It encompasses the area between the southern rail line to the south the Upper Carniola (or The Kamnik Alps ( Slovene: Kamniške Alpe, German: Steiner Alpen) are a Mountain range, part of the Southern Limestone The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815 involved Napoleon's French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions The Empire of the French (1804-1814 also known as the Empire of France, Greater French Empire, First French Empire, French Empire, or The Illyrian Provinces (Provinces illyriennes Ilirske province Ilirske pokrajne Province Illiriche were lands on the north and east coasts of the Adriatic Sea which were From 1816 to 1849 Ljubljana was the capital of the Kingdom of Illyria, one of the administrative units of the Austrian Empire. The Kingdom of Illyria was an administrative unit of the Austrian Empire from 1816 to 1849 For the history of these states before 1804 see Holy Roman Empire, Habsburg Monarchy, and articles on each of the component countries. In 1821 the city hosted the Congress of Laibach. Outline The Congress of Laibach was a conference of the allied sovereigns or their representatives held in 1821 as part of the so-called Concert of Europe, Ljubljana witnessed the first train arriving from Vienna in 1849 and the railway connected it with Trieste in 1857. Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Trieste (Trieste Slovene and Croatian: Trst; German: Triest) is a city and port in northeastern Italy very near to During the second part of the 19th century, Ljubljana emerged as the undisputed cultural center of the Slovene Lands, after some initial rivaly with Klagenfurt. Slovene Lands or Slovenian Lands (Slovenske dežele or shortly sl ''Slovensko'' German: Slowenische Länder or archaically Windische Länder) Klagenfurt guildhall 19072006 01jpg|thumb|220px|City hall in Klagenfurt´s center Neuer Platz]] Klagenfurt am Wörthersee ( Slovene: Celovec) is the Capital
Earthquake in 1895
On April 14, 1895, during the Easter period, an earthquake damaged large parts of the city. Events 43 BC - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar 's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Easter ( Greek: Πάσχα Pascha or Pasxa) is the most important religious feast in the Christian Liturgical year. The earthquake, of magnitude 6. 1, struck at 20:17, and its shocks were felt as far away as Florence, Vienna and Split. Florence ( Italian: Firenze Florentia and Fiorenza) is the Capital City of the Italian region of Tuscany Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Split (Spalatum Ancient Greek: Aspálathos, Ασπάλαθος Spalato is the largest and most important Dalmatian city the second-largest At the time, Ljubljana had a population of approximately 31,000 people and around 1,400 buildings. About 10% of the buildings were damaged or had to undergo large scale demolition, renovation or change afterwards. Very few people were killed or injured but the earthquake destroyed much of the old monastery in Vodnik Square containing a girls' diocesan college and library, so that this building had to be completely pulled down, and Ljubljana's central outdoor market developed later at its place.
The earthquake brought about a wide expansion of the city and a widespread Art Nouveau architectural change which is today juxtaposed against the earlier Baroque style of buildings that remain. Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international Baroque art redirects here Please disambiguate such links to Baroque painting, Baroque sculpture, etc The Mladika for instance, which nowadays houses the Foreign Ministry of Slovenia, and many other buildings date back to the period immediately after the earthquake. The reconstruction, carried out by mayor Ivan Hribar, gave Ljubljana its new, contemporary image. Ivan Hribar, ( 19 September 1851 &ndash 28 December 1941) was a Slovene Banker, Politician, Diplomat
Twentieth century
With the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918, Ljubljana became the unofficial capital of Slovenia in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and in 1929 the official provincial seat of the Drava Banovina within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croato-Slovene ie Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija The Drava Banovina or Drava Banate (Dravska banovina was a province ( banovina) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941 The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croato-Slovene ie Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija
The Second World War came to the city in April 1941, where Ljubljana was occupied by fascist Italy and included in the Province of Ljubljana. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The term Italian Fascism denotes the totalitarian Fascismo political movement that ruled Italy from 1922 until 1943 under leader Benito Mussolini The Kingdom of Italy ( Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state forged in 1861 by the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom Province of Ljubljana ( Italian: Provincia di Lubiana, Slovenian: Ljubljanska pokrajina, German: Provinz Laibach) was a The city became one of the main centers of underground anti-fascist resistance and to counter this, the Italian occupation authorities completely encircled it with 30 km of barbed wire fence on February 23, 1942. Anti-fascism is the opposition to fascist ideologies organizations governments and people Barbed wire, also known as barb wire (and frequently in dialect form spelled bob or bobbed) is a type of fencing Wire constructed Events 1455 - Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, the first Western Book printed from Movable Year 1942 ( MCMXLII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (the link will display the full 1942 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Nazi Germany replaced the Italians as the occupying force after the capitulation of Italy in September 1943. Nazi Germany and the Third Reich are the common English names for Germany under the regime of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialist German Workers [3] The city was then ruled by Germans and their collaborators until May 1945, when it was liberated by Slovenian partisans. The Slovene Home Guard ( Slovene: Slovensko Domobranstvo or SD German: Slowenische Landeswehr) SD for short was a Second World War collaborationist The Yugoslav Partisans, or simply the Partisans, ( Serbo-Croatian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Slovene: Partizani In remembrance to this, the Path of Remembrance and Comradeship has been built along the course of the fence after the war. The Path of Remembrance and Comradeship (Pot spominov in tovarištva acronym PST) also referred to as the Path around Ljubljana (sl Pot okoli Ljubljane or [3]
In 1955 Yugoslav president Josip Broz Tito gave the city of Ljubljana the title of "Hero City" for the heroism shown by the people during WWII (not to be confused with the Soviet title of the same name). A soviet (сове́т, "council" originally was a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia. Hero City ( Russian: город-герой gorod-geroy, Ukrainian: Місто-герой Misto-heroy) is a Soviet Honorary
Independent Slovenia
After World War II, Ljubljana became the capital of the Yugoslav Socialist Republic of Slovenia, and remained the capital after the country's independence in 1991 after the break up and a ten day war against the Yugoslav National Army. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ( Serbo-Croatian, Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene, Macedonian: The Socialist Republic of Slovenia ( Slovene: Socialistična republika Slovenija) was a Socialist state that was a Constituent country of the The Ten-Day War (Desetdnevna vojna sometimes called the Slovenian Independence War (Slovenska osamosvojitvena vojna was a brief military conflict between Slovenia The Yugoslav People's Army (JNA YPA ( Serbo-Croatian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian: Jugoslavenska Narodna Armija or Jugoslovenska
Geography and climate
Ljubljana is located at 46. 03°N, 14. 30°E on the outfall of the river Ljubljanica into the Sava. The Ljubljanica is a River in Slovenia. It is 41 km long and some 20 km of its course lies underground in Caves so the river has seven names (six name The Sava ( Bosnian, Croatian, Slovene: Sava; Serbian: Сава, Sava) is a river in It lies at an altitude of 298 metres AMSL. The term above mean sea level ( AMSL) refers to the Elevation (on the ground or Altitude (in the Air) of any object relative to the The temperature varies between -5°C in December and more than 30°C in July. Annual rainfall is 1350 millimetres.
| Weather averages for Ljubljana | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
| Average high °C (°F) | 2 (36) | 5 (41) | 10 (50) | 15 (59) | 20 (68) | 23 (73) | 26 (79) | 25 (77) | 21 (70) | 16 (61) | 8 (46) | 2 (36) | |
| Average low °C (°F) | -4 (25) | -2 (28) | 1 (34) | 4 (39) | 9 (48) | 12 (54) | 14 (57) | 13 (55) | 11 (52) | 6 (43) | 2 (36) | -3 (27) | |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 81 (3. In Meteorology, precipitation (also known as one class of hydrometeors, which are atmospheric water phenomena is any product of the condensation of atmospheric 2) | 81 (3. 2) | 99 (3. 9) | 109 (4. 3) | 121 (4. 8) | 154 (6. 1) | 121 (4. 8) | 144 (5. 7) | 129 (5. 1) | 114 (4. 5) | 134 (5. 3) | 101 (4) | |
| Source: Weather. com[4] 2008 | |||||||||||||
Districts
Ljubljana has 17 districts:
Education
In 1693 the Scholar Society (Academia operosorum Labacensis) was established in Ljubljana. is a district in the northern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. It encompasses the area between the southern rail line to the south the Upper Carniola (or Ljubljana Center is a central district of the city Ljubljana, Slovenia. Črnuče is a neighborhood in the northern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia, on left bank of Sava River. Dravlje is a western neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Golovec is a hill and a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Jarše is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. is a quarter in eastern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Polje is a Neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Posavje is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Rožnik is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. It consists much of a Hill and includes the Tivoli Park and Mansion. Rudnik is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Sostro is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Šentvid is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. is the most populous of the city quarters of Ljubljana, the capital city of Slovenia. Šmarna gora is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Trnovo is a neighborhood of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Vič is a quarter in the southern part of Ljubljana, Slovenia. The University of Ljubljana (Univerza v Ljubljani Universitas Labacensis is the first and the largest University in Slovenia; with 64000 enrolled graduate The Academia operosorum Labacensis (Ljubljana Academy of the Industrious - a forerunner of the modern Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts - was founded in Ljubljana This fell into decline in 1801 but was a forerunner to the present Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts which opened in 1938. Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (acronym SASA) (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti sl ''SAZU'' is a National academy of Slovenia, which The city's only university, the University of Ljubljana, was established in 1919. The University of Ljubljana (Univerza v Ljubljani Universitas Labacensis is the first and the largest University in Slovenia; with 64000 enrolled graduate The city is also home to one of the oldest philharmonics of Europe, the Philharmonic Society (Academia Philharmonicorum), established in 1701. The Royal Philharmonic Society is a British music society formed in 1813 Moreover, the city houses the permanent seat of the International Association for Political Science Students (IAPSS), an international academic group with 10,000 members worldwide. The International Association for Political Science Students (IAPSS is an International organization which represents and links students of political science international
Transport
Public transportation in Ljubljana is composed of city buses, operated by the city-owned company Ljubljanski potniški promet (LPP). Ljubljanski Potniški Promet (Passenger Transport of Ljubljana also known as LPP, is a public transportation company in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia There have been many discussions about implementing a light rail system on the streets again (the last tram in Ljubljana stopped operating in 1958) as the city is facing a huge amount of traffic during rush hour. For specific light rail systems many of which use the words "light rail" as part of their name see List of light-rail transit systems. A tram, tramcar, trolley, trolley car, or streetcar is a railborne vehicle, of lighter weight and construction than a Train Rush hour at Shinjuku 02JPG|thumb|right|250px|Rush hour at Shinjuku Station, Yamanote Line]] A rush hour or peak hour is a part of the day during which There are also many taxis in Ljubljana, and in December 2006, a new funicular to the Ljubljana Castle was introduced. A taxicab, also taxi or cab, is a type of Public transport for a single passenger or small group of passengers typically for a non-shared ride A funicular, also known as a funicular railway, incline, inclined railway, inclined plane, or cliff railway, is a type of self-contained Ljubljana Castle (Ljubljanski grad is a Medieval castle on Castle Hill in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
The suburban area of Ljubljana is covered by an extensive network of suburban buses and trains. Ljubljana is served by Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport (IATA LJU; ICAO LJLJ)
Architecture
Ljubljana has a strong Alpine feel to it and the architecture underlines this impression - there is also a touch of the Mediterranean (thanks to its geographical proximity). Ljubljana Jože Pučnik Airport (Letališče Jožeta Pučnika Ljubljana commonly known as Brnik Airport, is the international airport of Ljubljana, Slovenia Prešeren Square (Prešernov trg is the central square in Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia. Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international Ljubljana was devastated by earthquakes several times. An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth 's crust that creates Seismic waves Earthquakes are recorded with a Seismometer After an earthquake in 1511, Ljubljana was rebuilt in the Renaissance style, and after an earthquake in 1895 severely damaged the city, the city was rebuilt in Neo-Classicist and Secession (Art Nouveau) styles. The Renaissance (from French Renaissance, meaning "rebirth" Italian: Rinascimento, from re- "again" and nascere Art Nouveau ( nu vo anglicised /ˈɑːt nuːvəu/ ( French for 'new art' also known as Jugendstil ( German for 'youth style' is an international The city's Baroque architecture was mainly influenced by Italian Baroque architecture. The cathedral was designed by Andrea Pozzo in 1701, St. Andrea Pozzo (Latinized version Andreas Puteus; November 30, 1642, Trento, Italy - August 31, 1709, Ursula's church displays Palladian features, and Francesco Robba designed a fountain. Francesco Robba ( May 1 1698 &ndash January 24 1757) was an Italian sculptor of the Baroque period One of the most recognisable features of the city, the castle (which dates back to the Middle Ages), is undergoing renovation. Large areas of the city built in the early 20th century feature the work of native architect Jože Plečnik, including several bridges. Jože Plečnik, ( January 23 1872 - January 7 1957) was a Slovene Architect who practised in Vienna, One of its most notable high rises is Nebotičnik. Nebotičnik (nɛbɔtiːtʃniːk Slovenian for "skyscraper" is a prominent High-rise located in the centre of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Culture
The National Gallery (Narodna galerija) and the Museum of Modern Art (Moderna galerija) are both situated in Ljubljana, showing the greatest Slovenian artists. There is also a large counterculture centre on Metelkova Street, housed in a former Yugoslav military complex, comparable, roughly, to Berlin's Tacheles. Counterculture (also " counter-culture " is a sociological term used to describe the values and norms of behavior of a Cultural group, or Metelkova is an autonomous Social centre in the centre of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Berlin is the capital city and one of sixteen states of Germany. The Kunsthaus Tacheles is a former department store which now houses a self-organized collective of artists on Oranienburger Straße in Berlin-Mitte. Metelkova hosts films and lectures, as well as concerts of mainly alternative music. Alternative rock (also called alternative music, alt-rock or simply alternative; known primarily in the UK as indie) is a genre of
There are a number of music festivals with mainly classical music and jazz such as the Ljubljana Summer Festival (Ljubljanski poletni festival) and Druga Godba, a world music festival. Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to mainstream music produced in or rooted in the traditions of Western liturgical and Secular music Jazz is an American Musical art form which originated in the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States The term world music includes Traditional music (sometimes called Folk music or roots music of any culture that are created and played by indigenous musicians In the 1980s Ljubljana was the center of the Neue Slowenische Kunst movement, which included the musical group Laibach, and with which the theorist Slavoj Žižek was also associated. Neue Slowenische Kunst (a German phrase meaning "New Slovenian Art" aka NSK, is a controversial political Art collective that Laibach is a Slovenian avant-garde Music group strongly associated with industrial, martial, and neo-classical musical Slavoj Žižek (ˈslavoj ˈʒiʒɛk (born 21 March 1949) is a Post-Marxist Sociologist, Philosopher, and Cultural critic
Sister cities
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See also
References
- ^ Ljubljana in Numbers. St Nicholas's Cathedral ( Slovene: Stolnica svetega Nikolaja) commonly referred to as the Cathedral of St Athens (ˈæθənz Αθήνα Athina,) the Capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery as one of the world's Greece (Ελλάδα transliterated: Elláda, historically, Ellás,) officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία Belgrade (Београд Beograd is the Capital and largest city of Serbia. Serbia (Србија Srbija) officially the Republic of Serbia (Република Србија Republika Srbija) is a Landlocked Country ARTICLE TEXT BEGINS AFTER THESE COMMENTS - PLEASE READ 1 Please do not edit the lead without reading Slovakia (long form Slovak Republic; Slovak:, long form, is a Landlocked country in Central Europe with a population of over five million Brussels (Bruxelles pronounced; Brussel pronounced) officially the Brussels Capital-Region, is The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those Chemnitz (1953–1990 Karl-Marx-Stadt ( Sorbian:Kamjenica is a City in Eastern Germany. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. ( located in southwest People's Republic of China, is the capital of Sichuan province and a Sub-provincial city. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Cleveland is a City in the US state of Ohio and the County seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state The United States of America —commonly referred to as the Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the eastern bank of the Rhine, half way between Cologne and Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Mardin is a city in southeastern Turkey. The capital of Mardin Province, it is known for its Arab -style architecture and for its strategic location Turkey (Türkiye known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( is a Eurasian Country that stretches Moscow (Москва́ romanised: Moskvá, IPA: see also other names) is the Capital and the largest city of Russia (Россия Rossiya) or the Russian Federation ( Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) is a transcontinental Country extending Nottingham ( is a city in the Ceremonial county of Nottinghamshire, England. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Parma is a City in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna near Modena famous for its Architecture and the fine countryside around it Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Pesaro is a town and Comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. Italy (Italia officially the Italian Republic, (Repubblica Italiana is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest Ploče is a town and a notable Seaport in the Dubrovnik-Neretva county of Croatia, population 6537 (2001 total municipality population 10834 (2001 Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between Rijeka (other Croatian dialects Rika and Reka, Reka Italian and Hungarian: Fiume, Sankt Veit am Pflaumb is Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between TemplateInfobox City for more fields--> Sarajevo is the Capital city and largest urban center of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Latin script: Bosna i Hercegovina, Cyrillic script: Босна и Херцеговина is a country on the Balkan Skopje (Скопје; Shkup or Shkupi is the Capital and largest city in the Republic of Macedonia, with more than a quarter of the population The Republic of Macedonia (Република Sousse ( Arabic سوسة Sousa) is a city of Tunisia. Located 140 km south of Tunis, the city has 173 047 inhabitants (2004 Tunisia (تونس Tūnis officially the Tunisian Republic ( is a country located in North Africa. Tbilisi (ˌtbiˈliːsi in Georgian: თბილისი is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari Georgia ( საქართველო, Sakartvelo) is a Transcontinental country in the Caucasus region situated at the dividing line between Vienna ( in Wien; see also other names) is the Capital of Austria, and is also one of the nine States of Austria. Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich Wiesbaden, a city in southwest Germany, is the capital of the state of Hesse. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany ( ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant is a Country in Central Europe. Zagreb (ˈzɑːgrɛb is the Capital and the largest city of Croatia. Croatia (Hrvatska ˈxȓvatska officially the Republic of Croatia ( Republika Hrvatska) is a southern Central European country at the crossroads between List of notable individuals who were born or lived in Ljubljana: Authors Anton Aškerc (1856-1912 Poet Vladimir Bartol (1903-1967 Ljubljana Castle (Ljubljanski grad is a Medieval castle on Castle Hill in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The University of Ljubljana (Univerza v Ljubljani Universitas Labacensis is the first and the largest University in Slovenia; with 64000 enrolled graduate City Municipality of Ljubljana (2008). Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Paliga, Sorin. Pre-Slavic place-names. 2002.
- ^ a b Pot spominov in tovarištva / The path of Rememberance and Comradeship. Ljubljana Tourist Board (April 2006). Retrieved on 2008-04-26. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1467 - The miraculous image in Our Lady of Good Counsel appear in Genazzano, Italy.
- ^ Monthly Averages for Ljubljana, Slovenia. Weather. com. Retrieved on 2008-06-11. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1184 BC - Trojan War: Troy is sacked and burned according to the calculations of Eratosthenes.
External links
- City of Ljubljana (official)
- Ljubljana - Virtual Reality Panoramas (Slovenia-Landmarks by Boštjan Burger)
- Ljubljana - Interactive City Map (MOL Turizem)
- Maps, aerial photos, and other data for Ljubljana (Geopedia. si)
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