Literary forgery, also Literary forgeries and mystifications, pertains to some writing, especially in literature, such as a manuscript, presented as an original, when in fact it is a fake. Literature is the Art of written works Literally translated the word means "acquaintance with letters" (from Latin littera letter A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way Originality is the aspect of created or invented works by as being new or novel and thus can be distinguished from reproductions, clones forgeries, or Fake is a term used to describe or imply something which is not real. It is sometimes confused with plagiarism, which it may also be, but need not be. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work In an instance of plagiarism the actual physical embodiment of the writing is not at issue; the content, meaning, or text are at issue. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work In an instance of forgery, literary or otherwise, the physical object itself is not what it purports to be, irrespective of its content. Forgery is the process of making adapting or imitating objects statistics or documents (see False document) with the intent to deceive.
Furthermore, in the case of a plagiarism, it is the authorship which is in dispute. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created Whereas in the case of a literary forgery, the text itself is not what it purports to be according to its meaning — rather, it is a fabrication which merely appears authentic.
The common, or popularly known, instance of literary forgery involves the work of a famous author whose writings have an established intrinsic, as well as monetary, value. In the attempt to gain the rewards of such a reputation, the forger often engages in two distinct activities. The forger must produce a writing which resembles the style of the known reputable author to whom the fake is to be attributed. However, that is not necessarily sufficient. To be persuasive the forger needs also to fake the physical alleged original manuscript. A manuscript is any Document that is Written by hand as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way This is often done by imitating the ink and paper, and other materials if possible. The effect is in the physical result; the forger can thereby say not just that the style of writing is the same, but also that ink and paper is of the kind or type used by the famous author.
Contents |
Misery lit
The genre of false and deceptive autobiography or fake memoirs has seen the rise of Misery lit books, where the author has apparently suffered illness, abuse, drugs and so on during their upbringing. Misery lit ( mis lit, misery memoirs, misery porn) is a term ostensibly coined by ''The Bookseller'' magazine The genre Works in the genre A genre (ˈʒɑːnrə also /ˈdʒɑːnrə/ from French "kind" or "sort" from Latin: genus (stem gener-) is a loose set An autobiography, from the Greek αὐτός autos "self" βίος bios "life" and γράφειν graphein "to write" Fake Memoirs is a category of Literary forgery in which a wholly or partially fabricated autobiography memoir or journal of an individual is presented as fact Misery lit ( mis lit, misery memoirs, misery porn) is a term ostensibly coined by ''The Bookseller'' magazine The genre Works in the genre A recent example is a story about Los Angeles where a young girl was raised in a gangland culture involving drugs, forced sex and criminality. Los Angeles (lɑˈsændʒələs los ˈaŋxeles in Spanish) is the largest City in the state of California and the American West The author, Margaret Seltzer has been exposed as a fraud by her elder sister. Margaret Seltzer ( Pseudonymously Margaret B Jones (born 1975 in Sherman Oaks, California) is an American writer In fact she lives a middle-class life without trauma, and received a good education (which also included a course in creative writing). Creative writing is considered to be any writing Fiction or Non-fiction, that goes outside the bounds of normal professional, Journalistic, Penguin Riverside has withdrawn the book and canceled a book tour.
History of literary forgery
Onomacritus (c. Onomacritus (c 530 - 480 BCE) also known as Onomacritos or Onomakritos, was a Greek Chresmologue, or compiler of oracles 530 - 480 BCE) is among the most ancient known literary forgers.
One of the longest lasting literary forgeries is by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite a 5-6th century Syrian mystical writer who claimed to be a disciple of Paul the Apostle. Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, also known as Pseudo-Denys, is the anonymous theologian and philosopher of the late 5th to early 6th century whose Corpus Areopagiticum Paul the apostle (שאול התרסי Šaʾul HaTarsi, meaning " Saul of Tarsus " Σαούλ Saul and Σαῦλος Saulos and Five hundred years later Abelard expressed doubts about the authorship, but it was not until after the Renaissance that there was general agreement that the attribution of the work was false. In the intervening thousand years the writings had much theological influence.
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is a well-known and widely discussed literary forgery. The Protocols of the Elders of Zion ( Protocols of the wise men of Zion, Library of Congress 's Uniform Title; "Протоколы Some Anti-Zionist organizations, such as Hamas, as well as many neo-Nazi groups, still claim that the text is genuine. Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism, an international political movement and ideology that supports a Homeland for the Jewish People in the land known Ḥamas (ar حركة حماس acronym ar حركة المقاومة The term neo-Nazism refers to post- World War II Political movements Social movements and ideologies seeking to revive Nazism,
See also
References
- Anthony Grafton Forgers and Critics: Creativity and Duplicity in Western Scholarship (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990) ISBN 0691055440
- Robin Myers Fakes and Frauds: Varieties of Deception In Print & Manuscript (New Castle: Oak Knoll Press 1996) ISBN 090679577X
- John Whitehead This Solemn Mockery: The Art of Literary Forgery (London: Arlington Books 1973) ISBN 0851402127
- Joseph Rosenblum Practice to Deceive: The Amazing Stories of Literary Forgery’s Most Notorious Practitioners (New Castle: Oak Knoll Press, 2000) ISBN 158456010X
External links
- Caslon Analytics: Literary forgery and fraud
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic