Lipolysis is the breakdown of fat stored in fat cells. During this process, free fatty acids are released into the bloodstream and circulate throughout the body. In Chemistry, especially Biochemistry, a fatty acid is a Carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched Aliphatic tail ( chain) which Ketones are produced, and are found in large quantities in ketosis (a state in metabolism occurring when the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies which can be used by the body for energy. A ketone (pronounced as key tone) is either the Functional group characterized by a Carbonyl group (O=C linked to two other Carbon atoms or Ketosis (kiːˈtoʊsɪs is a state in Metabolism occurring when the Liver excessively converts fat into fatty acids and Ketone ). Lipolysis testing strips such as Ketostix are used to recognize ketosis. Ketonuria is a medical condition in which Ketone bodies are present in the Urine.

The following hormones induce lipolysis: epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon and adrenocorticotropic hormone. Norepinephrine ( INN) (abbreviated norepi or NE) or noradrenaline ( BAN) (abbreviated NA or NAd) is a Glucagon is an important Hormone involved in Carbohydrate metabolism. Adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH or corticotropin) is a Polypeptide Hormone produced and secreted by the Pituitary gland These trigger 7TM receptors, which activate adenylate cyclase. G protein-coupled receptors ( GPCRs) also known as seven transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, and Adenylate cyclase ( also known as adenylyl cyclase or AC) is a Lyase Enzyme. This results in increased production of cAMP, which activates protein kinase A, which subsequently activate lipases found in adipose tissue. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate ( cAMP, cyclic AMP or 3'-5'-cyclic Adenosine monophosphate) is a Second messenger that is important in many biological In Cell biology, protein kinase A, refers to a family of Enzymes whose activity is dependent on the level of Cyclic AMP (cAMP in the cell A lipase is a Water-soluble Enzyme that Catalyzes the Hydrolysis of Ester bonds in water–insoluble Lipid "Adipose" redirects here For the Doctor Who monster see " Partners in Crime "

Triglycerides undergo lipolysis (hydrolysis by lipases) and are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids. Hydrolysis is a Chemical reaction during which one or more water molecules are split into hydrogen and hydroxide ions which may go on to participate in further reactions A lipase is a Water-soluble Enzyme that Catalyzes the Hydrolysis of Ester bonds in water–insoluble Lipid Once released into the blood, the relatively hydrophobic free fatty acids bind to serum albumin for transport to tissues that require energy. Serum albumin, often referred to simply as albumin, is the most abundant Plasma protein in humans and other Mammals Albumin is essential for maintaining The glycerol also enters the bloodstream and is absorbed by the liver or kidney where it is converted to glycerol 3-phosphate by the enzyme glycerol kinase. The liver is a vital organ in the human body and is present in Vertebrates and some other animals The kidneys are complicated organs that have numerous biological roles Glycerol 3-phosphate is a chemical intermediate in the Glycolysis metabolic pathway Glycerol kinase is a Phosphotransferase Enzyme involved in Lipolysis. Hepatic glycerol 3-phosphate is mostly converted into dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP) and then glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to rejoin the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP is a biochemical compound involved in many reactions from the Calvin cycle in plants to the ether-lipid biosynthesis process in Leishmania Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, also known as triose phosphate or 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde and abbreviated as G3P, GADP, GAP or PGAL See also Gluconeogenesis, which carries out a process wherein glucose is synthesized rather than catabolized Gluconeogenesis (abreviated GNG) is a Metabolic pathway that results in the generation of Glucose from non- Carbohydrate carbon substrates such

External links

• MeSH Lipolysis

Medical Subject Headings ( MeSH) is a huge Controlled vocabulary (or metadata system for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books

© 2009 citizendia.org; parts available under the terms of GNU Free Documentation License, from http://en.wikipedia.org
Dapyx Software network: MP3 Explorer | Ebook Manager | Zenithic