Lime is a general term for various naturally occurring minerals and materials derived from them, in which carbonates, oxides and hydroxides of calcium predominate. A mineral is a naturally occurring substance formed through geological processes that has a characteristic chemical composition a highly ordered atomic structure and specific In Chemistry, a carbonate is a salt or Ester of Carbonic acid. An oxide is a Chemical compound containing at least one Oxygen atom as well as at least one other element In Chemistry, hydroxide is the most common name for the diatomic Anion OH− consisting of Oxygen and Hydrogen Calcium (ˈkælsiəm is the Chemical element with the symbol Ca and Atomic number 20
These materials are used in large quantities as building and engineering materials (including limestone products, concrete and mortar) and as chemical feedstocks, among other uses. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Concrete is a construction material composed of Cement (commonly Portland cement) as well as other cementitious materials such as Fly ash and Slag Mortar is a workable paste formed by mixture of Cement, Water and fine aggregate Masonry to bind construction blocks together and fill the gaps between A chemical substance is a Material with a definite chemical composition. Lime industries and the use of many of the resulting products date from prehistoric periods in both the Old World and the New World. Stone Age Paleolithic See also Paleolithic, Recent African Origin, Early Homo sapiens, Early human migrations "Paleolithic" The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans Asians and Africans in the 15th century The New World is one of the names used for the non-Eurasian/non-African parts of the Earth specifically the Americas and Australia.
The rocks and minerals from which these materials are derived, typically limestone or chalk, are composed primarily of calcium carbonate. Limestone is a Sedimentary rock composed largely of the Mineral Calcite ( Calcium carbonate: CaCO3 Chalk (ʧɔːk is a soft white porous Sedimentary rock, a form of Limestone composed of the Mineral Calcite. Calcium carbonate is a Chemical compound with the Chemical formula Ca[[Carbon C]] O 3 They may be cut, crushed or pulverized and chemically altered. "Burning" (calcination) converts them into the highly caustic material quicklime (calcium oxide, CaO) and, through subsequent addition of water, into the less caustic (but still strongly alkaline) slaked lime or hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2), the process of which is called slaking of lime. Calcination (also referred to as calcining) is a thermal treatment process applied to ores and other solid materials in order to bring about a Thermal decomposition Calcium oxide ( CaO) commonly known as burnt lime, lime or quicklime, is a widely used Chemical compound. In Chemistry, an alkali (from Arabic: Al-Qaly القلي القالي) is a basic, ionic salt of an Alkali metal Calcium hydroxide, traditionally called slaked lime, hydrated lime, or pickling lime, is a Chemical compound with the chemical formula
When the term is encountered in an agricultural context, it probably refers to agricultural lime. Agricultural lime, also called garden lime, is a Soil additive made from pulverized Limestone or Chalk. Otherwise it most commonly means slaked lime, as the more dangerous form is usually described more specifically as quicklime or burnt lime. Calcium hydroxide, traditionally called slaked lime, hydrated lime, or pickling lime, is a Chemical compound with the chemical formula Calcium oxide ( CaO) commonly known as burnt lime, lime or quicklime, is a widely used Chemical compound.
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Lime production process
- Limestone is extracted from quarries or mines.
- Part of the extracted stone, selected according to its chemical composition and granulometry, is calcinated at about 1000°C in different types of kiln, fired by such fuels as natural gas, coal, fuel oil, lignite, etc.
Quicklime is produced according to the reaction: CaCO3 + heat --> CaO + CO2
- Quicklime can be hydrated, i. e. combined with water.
Hydrated lime is produced according to the reaction: CaO + H2O --> Ca(OH)2
See also
- calcium oxide, the main component of dry mineral lime. Calcium oxide ( CaO) commonly known as burnt lime, lime or quicklime, is a widely used Chemical compound.
- calcium hydroxide, the hydrated form. Calcium hydroxide, traditionally called slaked lime, hydrated lime, or pickling lime, is a Chemical compound with the chemical formula
- gypsum: a similar mineral. Gypsum is a very soft Mineral composed of Calcium sulfate dihydrate with the Chemical formula Ca[[sulfur S]] O 4·2
- sascab: a building and paving material (Central America). Sascab is a naturally occurring mineral material described variously as "decomposed Limestone " as " Breccia " and as "the lime gravel mixture
- hydraulic lime
References
- J. Hydraulic lime is a variety of Slaked lime used to make Lime mortar. A. H. Oates, Projet de. Lime and Limestone – Chemistry and Technology, Production and Uses. Wiley-VCH, ISBN 3-527-29527-5 (1998)
- US Geological Survey
External links
- The National Lime Association (US & Canada)
- Glossary by Robert W. Piwarzyk, Santa Cruz Public Libraries, Ca
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