Liliʻuokalani
Queen of Hawaiian Islands
Reign	29 Jan 1891 — 17 Jan 1893 (1 years)
Predecessor	King David Kalakaua
Successor	Monarchy abolished
Spouse	John Owen Dominis
Full name
Lydia Liliʻu Loloku Walania Wewehi Kamakaʻeha, Lydia Liliʻuokalani Paki
Detail Titles and styles
HM The Queen HRH The Crown Princess
Royal house	House of Kalakaua
Father	High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapa'akea. The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O{{okina}}ahu, Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Kalākaua I, born as David Laamea Kamanakapuu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and called The Merrie Monarch ( November 16, 1836 John Prince Consort of Hawaii (John Owen Dominis (styled His Royal Highness John Prince Consort of Hawaii ( 10 March 1832 &ndash 27 August A royal house or royal dynasty is a familial designation or Family name of sorts used by Royalty. Kalakauapaintingjpg|thumb|200px| David Kalākaua was elected by the legislature to assume the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii upon the death of William Charles Lunalilo. Caesar Kaluaiku Kapaakea 1815 - 1866 was a Hawaiian chief who was the patriach of the Kalakaua Dynasty, that ruled the Kingdom of Hawaii during the last of its days
Mother	High Chieftess Analea Keohokalole
Born	2 September 1838(1838-09-02) Honolulu, Oahu, Kingdom of Hawaii
Died	11 November 1917 (aged 79) Honolulu, Oahu, Territory of Hawaii
Burial	Mauna Ala Royal Mausoleum

Liliʻuokalani (September 2, 1838 – November 11, 1917) was the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Analea or Annie Keohokālole (1816 - 1869 was a Hawaiian chiefess and matriarch of the Kalākaua Dynasty that ruled Hawaii from 1874 to 1893 Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Honolulu is the Capital and most populous Census-designated place (CDP in the U Oahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English) known as ''"The Gathering Place", is the third largest of the The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O{{okina}}ahu, Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year Honolulu is the Capital and most populous Census-designated place (CDP in the U Oahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English) known as ''"The Gathering Place", is the third largest of the The Territory of Hawaii, abbreviated officially as TH, was established on July 7, 1898 and dissolved on August 21, 1959 when The Royal Mausoleum, known as Mauna Ala (Fragrant Hills in the Hawaiian language, is the final resting place of Hawai'i's two prominent royal families the Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Events 308 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Year 1917 ( MCMXVII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year The Kingdom of Hawaii was established during the years 1795 to 1810 with the subjugation of the smaller independent chiefdoms of O{{okina}}ahu, She was originally named Lydia Liliu Loloku Walania Wewehi Kamakaʻeha, Lydia Liliuokalani Paki, and also known as Lydia Kamakaʻeha Paki, with the chosen royal name of Liliʻuokalani, and later named Lydia K. Dominis.

Early life

The last sovereign queen of Hawaiʻi was born on September 2, 1838, in a grass hut outside Honolulu. Events 44 BC - Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion. Year 1838 ( MDCCCXXXVIII) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Common Honolulu is the Capital and most populous Census-designated place (CDP in the U Her birth mother was High Chiefess Analea Keohokalole and her birth father was High Chief Caesar Kaluaiku Kapa'akea. Analea or Annie Keohokālole (1816 - 1869 was a Hawaiian chiefess and matriarch of the Kalākaua Dynasty that ruled Hawaii from 1874 to 1893 Caesar Kaluaiku Kapaakea 1815 - 1866 was a Hawaiian chief who was the patriach of the Kalakaua Dynasty, that ruled the Kingdom of Hawaii during the last of its days In accordance with Hawaiian tradition, she was adopted at birth by Abner Paki and his wife, Laura Konia (a granddaughter of King Kamehameha I). Abner Kuho'oheiheipahu Pākī 1808 - 1855 was a Hawaiian high chief and noble man of high political status during the reign of Kamehameha III and also being father Kamehameha I, also known as Kamehameha the Great, (born February 1758 or November 1737 or May 1, 1738 – died May 8, 1819) Liliuokalani’s childhood years were spent studying and playing with her foster sister Bernice Pauahi, the Pakis' natural daughter.

The Premier Elizabeth Kinau had developed an eye infection at the time of Lili'u's birth. Princess Kalani Ahumanu i Kaliko o Iwi Kauhipua o Kīnau, also known as Kaahumanu II or Elizabeth Kīnau (circa She gave her the names Liliu (smarting) Loloku (tearful) Walania (a burning pain) Kamakaʻeha (sore eyes), translated as Lydia Smarting Tearful Anguish the Sore Eyes. Her brother changed it when he named her Crown Princess, calling her Lili'uokalani, "the smarting of the royal ones".

Liliʻuokalani received her education at the Royal School (originally known as the Chiefs' Children's School), and became fluent in English. The Royal School was founded in 1839 by King Kamehameha III of Hawaii as a boarding school to educate the children of the Hawaiian royalty or Ali'i whom She attended along with her two elder brothers James Kaliokalani and David Kalakaua. James Kaliokalani (1835&ndash1852 was a Hawaiian royal chief member of the House of Kalakaua and brother of Kalakaua and Lili{{okina}}uokalani. Kalākaua I, born as David Laamea Kamanakapuu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and called The Merrie Monarch ( November 16, 1836

Reign

On September 16, 1862, Liliʻuokalani married John Owen Dominis, who became Governor of Oʻahu and Maui. Events 1400 - Owain Glyndŵr is declared Prince of Wales by his followers Year 1862 was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year starting on Monday John Prince Consort of Hawaii (John Owen Dominis (styled His Royal Highness John Prince Consort of Hawaii ( 10 March 1832 &ndash 27 August Oahu (usually Oahu outside Hawaiian and Hawaiian English) known as ''"The Gathering Place", is the third largest of the The Island of Maui is the second-largest of the Hawaiian Islands at 727 Although Liliʻuokalani's named successor was her niece Victoria Kaʻiulani (1875–1899), Kaʻiulani predeceased her. Victoria Kawekiu Lunalilo Kalaninuiahilapalapa Kaiulani Cleghorn Crown Princess of Hawaii ( October 16, 1875 – March 6, 1899) was heir She had hanai children, Lydia Ka‘onohiponiponiokalani Aholo, Kaiponohea `Ae`a son of a retainer, and John Dominis `Aimoku her husband's son by another woman.

Liliʻuokalani inherited the throne from her brother Kalākaua on January 29, 1891. Kalākaua I, born as David Laamea Kamanakapuu Mahinulani Nalaiaehuokalani Lumialani Kalākaua and called The Merrie Monarch ( November 16, 1836 Events 904 - Sergius III comes out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed Antipope Christopher. Year 1891 ( MDCCCXCI) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[1] Shortly after ascending the throne, petitions from her people began to be received from the two major political parties of the time, mainly Hui Kala'aina and the National Reform Party. Believing that she had the support of her cabinet and to ignore such a general request from her people would be against the popular will, she tried to abrogate the existing 1887 Bayonet Constitution,^[2] and began to draft a new constitution that would restore the veto power to the monarchy and would have restored major voting rights to economically disenfranchised Native Hawaiians and Asians. The 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii stripped the Hawaiian monarchy of much of its authority disenfranchising most of the native population and initiating a transfer

Threatened by the queen's proposed constitution, American and European residents organized to depose Liliʻuokalani. They asserted that the queen had "virtually abdicated" by refusing to support the 1887 constitution; business interests within the Kingdom were also upset about what they viewed as "poor governance" of the Kingdom, as well as the U. S. removal of foreign tariffs in the sugar trade due to the McKinley Tariff. Sugarcane was introduced to Hawaii by its first inhabitants in approximately 600 AD and was observed by Captain Cook upon arrival in the islands in 1778 The McKinley Tariff of 1890 was what set the average ad valorem Tariff rate for imports to the United States at 48 The tariff eliminated the favored status of Hawaiian sugar guaranteed by the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875. The Treaty of reciprocity between the United States of America and the Hawaiian Kingdom was a free trade agreement signed and ratified in 1875 American and Europeans actively sought annexation to the United States so that their business might enjoy the same sugar bounties as domestic producers. In addition to these concerns, Lili'uokalani believed that American businessman like Charles R. Bishop, expressed an anxiety concerning a female head of state. ^[3]

Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom

Main article: Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom

On January 14, 1893, a group composed of American and Europeans formed a Committee of Safety in opposition to the Queen. Until the 1890s the Kingdom of Hawai{{okina}}i was an independent sovereign state recognized by the United States the United Kingdom France Japan and Germany The Committee of Safety, formally the Citizen's Committee of Public Safety, was a 13-member council composed of American Hawaiian and European Hawaiian traitors but a majority As these events were unfolding, the Committee of Safety, speaking for American citizens living in Honolulu, expressed concern for their safety and property. United States Government Minister John L. Stevens summoned a company of uniformed U. John Leavitt Stevens ( August 1, 1820 &ndash February 8, 1895) was the United States Department of State Minister to the S. Marines from the USS Boston and two companies of U. See also See USS ''Boston'' and USS ''Despatch'' for other ships of the same name S. sailors to take up positions at the U. S. Legation, Consulate, and Arion Hall. On the afternoon of January 16, 1893, 162 sailors and Marines aboard the USS Boston in Honolulu Harbor came ashore under orders of neutrality. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common See also See USS ''Boston'' and USS ''Despatch'' for other ships of the same name One historian has noted that the presence of these troops, ostensibly to enforce neutrality and prevent violence, effectively made it impossible for the monarchy to protect itself. ^[4]

The Queen was deposed on January 17, 1893, and a provisional government was instituted. Events 38 BC - Octavian marries Livia Drusilla. 1287 - King Alfonso III of Aragon invades Minorca Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common On February 1, 1893, the US Minister (ambassador) to Hawaii proclaimed Hawaii a protectorate of the United States.

The administration of Grover Cleveland commissioned the Blount Report, and based on its findings, concluded that the overthrow of Liliʻuokalani was illegal, and that U. Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18 1837 June 24 1908 was both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States. The Blount Report is the popular name given to the part of the 1893 United States House of Representatives Foreign Relations Committee Report regarding the overthrow S. Minister Stevens and American military troops had acted inappropriately in support of those who carried out the overthrow. On November 16, 1893 Cleveland proposed to return the throne back to her if she granted amnesty to everyone responsible. She initially refused, and it was reported that she said she would have them beheaded - she denied that specific accusation, but admitted that she intended them to suffer the punishment of death. ^[5] With this development, then-President Grover Cleveland sent the issue to the United States Congress. Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18 1837 June 24 1908 was both the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States. The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses She later changed her position on the issue, and on December 18, 1893 U. Events 218 BC - Second Punic War: Battle of the Trebia - Hannibal 's Carthaginian forces defeat those of the Year 1893 ( MDCCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common S. Minister Willis demanded her reinstatement by the Provisional Government. The Provisional Government refused. Congress responded to Cleveland's referral with another investigation, and submitted the Morgan Report by the U. The Morgan Report was an 1894 report concluding an official U S. Senate on February 26, 1894, which found all parties (including Minister Stevens) with the exception of the queen "not guilty" from any responsibility for the overthrow. Events 747 BC - Epoch (origin of Ptolemy 's Nabonassar Era 364 - Valentinian I is proclaimed Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common ^[6] The accuracy and impartiality of both the Blount and Morgan reports has been questioned by partisans on both sides of the historical debate over the events of 1893. ^{[7][8][9][10]}

On July 4, 1894, the Republic of Hawaiʻi was proclaimed and Sanford B. Dole, one of the first people who originally called on the institution of the monarchy to be abolished, became President. Events 836 - Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Republic of Hawaii was the formal name of the government that controlled Hawai{{okina}}i from 1894 to 1898 when it was run as a Republic Sanford Ballard Dole ( April 23 1844 June 9 1926) was a Politician and Jurist of Hawai{{okina}}i as a kingdom The Republic of Hawaiʻi was recognized by the United States government as a protectorate, although Walter Q. Gresham, Cleveland's Secretary of State, remained antagonistic towards the new government. Walter Quintin Gresham ( March 17, 1832 &ndash May 28, 1895) was an American statesman and jurist ^[11]

Abdication

The statue of Queen Liliʻuokalani on the grounds of the State Capitol in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi

Liliʻuokalani was arrested on January 16, 1895 (several days after a failed rebellion by Robert Wilcox) when firearms were found in the gardens of her home, of which she denied any knowledge. Events 27 BC - The title Augustus is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the Roman Senate. Year 1895 ( MDCCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common year This article is about the Hawaiian revolutionary for the English martyr see Bl A firearm is a Tool that projects either single or multiple Projectiles at high velocity through a controlled explosion She was sentenced to five years of hard labor in prison for this and fined $5000, but the sentence was commuted to imprisonment in an upstairs bedroom of ʻIolani Palace, where she composed many famous songs. Iolani Palace, situated in the capitol district of Downtown Honolulu in the U After eight months, she abdicated her throne in return for the release (and commutation of the death sentences) of her jailed supporters, including Minister Joseph Nawahi, Robert Wilcox, and Prince Kuhio. Joseph Nawahi ( Puna Hawaii, 1842 - 1896 also known as Joseph Kahooluhi Nāwahī and as Joseph Kahooluhi Nāwahīokalaniōpuu was a native Hawaiian The charge of treason for which they were sentenced to death by the Provisional Government was the same charge that Lili'uokalani had insisted be held against the Committee of Safety for their act of deposing her. A provisional government is an emergency or interim government set up when a political void has been created by the collapse of a previous administration or regime She entered claims against the U. S. totaling $450,000 for property and other losses, claiming personal ownership of the crown lands, but was unsuccessful. The territorial legislature of Hawaii finally voted her an annual pension of $4,000 and permitted her to receive the income from a sugar plantation of 6,000 acres (24 km²). She went home to Washington Place, where she lived until her death in 1917 due to complications from a stroke. Washington Place is a Greek Revival home in the Capital District in Honolulu Hawai{{okina}}i It was where Queen Liliuokalani was arrested during the overthrow She was 79.

Along with Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines, Hawaiʻi was annexed to the United States as a result of the Spanish-American War through a joint resolution of the United States Congress in 1898. Guam ( Chamorro: cha Guåhån) officially the Territory of Guam, is an island in the western Pacific Ocean and is an organized unincorporated Puerto Rico (ˌpwertoˈriko officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ("Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico" {{lang-en|"Associated Free State of Puerto Rico"}} The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP The United States Congress is the bicameral Legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses Cuba, where the precipitating event of the war occurred (the explosion of the battleship USS Maine in Havana), was never annexed by the United States, although a portion still remains a U. The Republic of Cuba (ˈkjuːbə or) consists of the island of Cuba (the largest and second-most populous island of the Greater Antilles) Isla de la Four ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Maine, named for the 23rd state. Havana ( IPA: aˈβana officially Ciudad de La Habana, is the Capital city, major port and leading S. military outpost.

Compositions

Liliʻuokalani was an accomplished author and songwriter. An author is defined both as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created A songwriter is someone who writes the Lyrics to songs the Musical composition (chords or Melody to songs or both Her book, Hawaiʻi's Story by Hawaiʻi's Queen, gave her view of the history of her country and her overthrow and therefore became the first Native Hawaiian female author. Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen (ISBN 0-8048-1066-4 is a book written by Lili{{okina}}uokalani, the last Queen of Hawai{{okina}}i. Liliʻuokalani was known for her musical talent. Lili'u is said to have played guitar, piano, organ, 'ukulele and zither. The guitar is a Musical instrument with ancient roots that is used in a wide variety of musical styles The piano is a Musical instrument played by means of a keyboard that produces sound by striking steel strings with Felt covered hammers The organ (from Greek όργανον – organon "organ instrument tool" is a Keyboard instrument of one or more divisions each The ukulele (ˌjʉːkəˈlɛɪli from ʻukulele /ˌʔukuˈlele/ variantly spelled ukelele (particularly in the UK) or alternatively abbreviated uke The zither is a musical String instrument, most commonly found in Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, the southern regions of Germany, alpine She also sang alto, performing Hawaiian and English sacred and secular music. She would find herself in music. In her memoirs she wrote: "to compose was as natural to me as to breathe. This gift remains a source of the greatest consolation. " She wrote over 165 songs and chants. Some of her best-known musical compositions include the song, "Aloha ʻOe", "The Queen's Jubilee", "He Mele Lahui Hawaii", and "Ku’u Pua I Paoakalani"

• "Aloha ʻOe", her most famous work about two lovers bidding farewell
• "Nani Na Pua Koolau" (The Flower of Ko'olau) , one of her first works to appear in print. 1869
• "He Mele Lahui Hawaii", (The Song of the Hawaiian Nation), was the second of Hawaii's 4 national anthems. Lili'uokalani wrote this song at the request of King Kamehameha V in 1868, well before she was Queen.
• "A Hilo Au"
• "Ahe Lau Makani" (The Soft Gentle Breeze), 1868
• "Puna Paia Aala" (Puna's Fragrant Bower), 1868
• "He Pule" (A Prayer), 1874
• "Ka Wai Mapuna" (The Water Spring), 1876
• "Onipa'a" (Stand Firm), a simple piece written for a singing school
• "Liko Pua Lehua" (Tender Leaves of the Lehua Flower)
• "Ka Wai 'Opuna Makani" (Wind of the Water-of-Cloud-Banks) to honor Lunalilo and obliquely to condemn Queen Emma's quest for the throne
• "Ka Hae Kalaunu" (The Flag of the Crown), to glorify her families triumph in the election of 1874
• "E Kala Ku'u 'Upu 'Ana" (Long Years Have I Yearned for Thee), written in 1873.
• "La 'i Au E" (Peaceful Am I)
• "By And By Ho`i Mai `Oe" (By and By Thou Wilt Return)
• "Lei Ponimo'i" (Carnation Wreath or as more commonly referred to as Carnation Lei)
• "Akahi Ko'u Manene" (I Have Just Shuddered), written at Wailuku
• "Pride of Waiehu", written at Lahaina
• "Tutu" (Granny)
• "Makani Waipio" (Lovely Waipio)
• "He Inoa no Kai'ulani" (A Name Song for Kaiʻulani); written for her niece.
• "He Kanikau No Lele-Io-Hoku"; a dirge for Leleiohoku, Queen Lili'uokalani's brother who died of rheumatic fever at age 22 in 1877. Leleiohoku may refer to Leleiohoku I (1821 - 1848 Hawaiian chief Leleiohoku II ((1854-1877 Hawaiian prince
• "Ka Wiliwili Wai" (The Lawn Sprinkler); written at Washington Place about a neighbors sprinkler
• "Kokohi" (To Hold Forever)
• "Puia Ka Nahele" (Forest Imbued with Fragrance), 1868.
• "Ehehene Ko 'Aka" (Giggle, Giggle Goes Your Laughter)
• "He Ali'i No Wau" (I Am Indeed a Chief)
• "Pipili Ka Ua I Ka Nahele" (The Rain Clings Close to the Forest)
• "Ka Hanu O Hanakeoki" (The Scent of Hanakeoki), composed in 1874, this may allude to property the Queen owned in Pâlolo Valley
• "Ima Au Ia Oe E Ke Aloha" (I have Sought Thee, My Beloved)
• "Pauahi 'O Ka Lani" (Pauahi, the Chiefess) for her foster sister Bernice
• "Paia Ka Nahele" (The Fragrant Woods)
• "Puna Paia 'A'ala" (Puna's Bowery Walls)
• "Ka `Ôiwi Nani" (The Beautiful Native), love song composed June 23, 1886, at Palolo, Oahu
• "Thou E Ka Nani Mae 'Ole" (Thou Art the Never Fading Beauty) along with her sister Miriam
• "Na'u No Oe" (You are Mine), a charming waltz
• "Manu Kapalulu" (Quail) which is not about the bird; but yet another mele inoa for Princess Ka'iulani,
• "Lamalama i luna ka 'onohi la" --- (Bright above is the rainbow ---)
• "Liliko'i" composed on Maui a mele inoa (name song) for her hanai daughter Lydia * "He 'Ai Na Ka Lani" (Foods For the Royalty), in honor of Kalakaua
• "Anahulu", which took its name from a stream in Waialua, one of Liliʻu's favorite areas
• "Ka lpo Nohea" (Gem of Beauty, often translated as : The Handsome Sweetheart)
• "A Chant" written for Bernice Pauahi Bishop's funeral
• "The Queen's Jubilee", dated one day before the anniversary was marked at Westminister Abbey
• "Ka Huna Kai" (The Sea Spray), written in London expressing a fond longing for Hawai'i
• "Nohea I Mu'olaulani" (Handsome One of Mu'olaulani), Composed for Queen Lili`uokalani's new home in Kapâlama named Mu`olaulani, May, 1885
• "He Inoa Wehi No Kalaniana'ole" (A Name Adornment For Kalaniana'ole), honoring her young nephew Jonah Kuhio Kalaniana'ole
• "Kili'oulani" (Fine Rain of the Heavenly Pinnacle)
• "Ke Aloha O Ka Haku" (published as "Lili'uokalani's Prayer")
• "Leha 'Ku Koa Mau Maka" (Lift Up Your Eyes) based on Psalm 121
• "E Ku'u Ho'ola" (My Saviour), from Psalm 126
• "Himeni Ho'ole'a A Davida" (David's Hymn of Praise), also from Psalm 126
• "Ka Wai 'Apo Lani" (Heavenly Showers), a song expressing hope that she would be returned to the throne
• "Ke Aloha 'Aina" (Love for the Land), alternately called He Lei Aloha (A Lei of Love)
• "Ka Wai O Niakala", inspired by a trip to Niakala
• "Ho'okahi Puana" (One Answer), in which she pronounced her views of the Repulic of Hawaii
• "Sanoe", song is about an affair in the royal court
• "Ku’u Pua I Paoakalani" (My Flowers at Paoakalani), written about the flowers that her husband sent her from her garden Paoakalani

Dramatization

The story of Liliʻuokalani inspired the composer Paul Abraham for his operetta Die Blume von Hawaii. The Niagara Falls are massive Waterfalls on the Niagara River, straddling the international border separating the Canadian province of Ontario A composer (literally meaning 'one who puts together' is a person who creates Music, usually in the medium of notation, for Interpretation and Performance Paul Abraham ( Pál Ábrahám) (born November 2 1892 in Apatin, Austria-Hungary (today Serbia) died May 6 1960 in Hamburg) was a Operetta is a genre of light Opera, light in terms both of music and subject matter Die Blume von Hawaii (The Flower of Hawaii) is an Operetta in three acts by Paul Abraham with a Libretto by Alfred Grünwald, ^[12]

Footnotes and citations

External links

• Queen Lydia Liliʻuokalani - a page on the website of the University of Illinois at Chicago
• Hawaii's story by Hawaii's Queen, Queen Lydia Liliʻuokalani
• Public Law 103-150 also known as the "The Apology Bill"
• The Overthrow of the Monarchy"
• Her Majesty Queen Liliuokalani The Constitutional Queen of The Nation of Hawaii 1891-1893
• Queen Lydia Liliuokalani
• Trial and Abdication
• Old glory of the monarchy
• Queen Liliuokalani and John Owen Dominis
• Queen Liliuokalani (1838-1917), Hawaii's last queen
• The honolulu Advertiser Queen Lili'uokalani
• Lili`uokalani (Lydia Kamaka'eha Paki, 1838-1917)
• Liliuokalani Woman who changed the world
• Liliuokalani at Find a Grave
• Lili'uokalani (Queen)
• Hawaii's Queen Paper
• Hawaii's Last Queen Documentary Transcript
• AMERICAN EXPERIENCE HAWAII'S LAST QUEEN
• Lydia Paki Lili'uokalani