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An example of ligne claire, from The Adventures of Tintin
An example of ligne claire, from The Adventures of Tintin

Ligne claire (French for "clear line") is a style of drawing pioneered by Hergé, the Belgian creator of The Adventures of Tintin. The Adventures of Tintin (Les Aventures de Tintin is a series of Comic strips created by Belgian artist Hergé, the pen name of Georges Remi French ( français,) is a Romance language spoken around the world by 118 million people as a native language and by about 180 to 260 million people Drawing is a Visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium Georges Prosper Remi ( May 22, 1907 - March 3, 1983) better known by the Pen name Hergé, was a Belgian The Kingdom of Belgium is a Country in northwest Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts its headquarters as well as those The Adventures of Tintin (Les Aventures de Tintin is a series of Comic strips created by Belgian artist Hergé, the pen name of Georges Remi It is a style of drawing which uses clear strong lines which have the same thickness and importance, rather than being used to emphasize certain objects or be used for shading (for this reason it is sometimes also called the democracy of lines). Shading refers to depicting depth in 3D models or illustrations by varying levels of Darkness. Additionally, the style often features strong colours and a combination of cartoonish characters against a realistic background. The use of shadows is sparse and all elements of a panel are delineated with clear black lines. The name was coined by Joost Swarte in 1977. Joost Swarte (born 24 December, 1947, Heemstede) is a Dutch comic artist and graphic designer. Also 1977 (album by Ash. Year 1977 ( MCMLXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays

Hergé started out drawing in a much looser, rougher style which was influenced partially by the famous American comic strip artists of the late 1920s and 1930s. A comic strip is a sequence of drawings that tells a story Currently in the Western world, most comic strips are written and drawn by a Comics artist The 1920s is sometimes referred to as the " Jazz Age " or the " Roaring Twenties " when speaking about the United States and Canada The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. It was only after World War II that his drawing style evolved into ligne claire. World War II, or the Second World War, (often abbreviated WWII) was a global military conflict which involved a majority of the world's nations, including For Hergé, the style was not limited to the drawings but extended to the story: the plot must be straightforward.

Much of the "Brussels school" started to use this style, notably Edgar P. Jacobs, Bob de Moor, Roger Leloup, and Jacques Martin, many of whom also worked for Tintin magazine. Edgard Félix Pierre Jacobs, ( March 30, 1904 - February 20, 1987) better known under his Pen name Edgar P Bob de Moor is the Pen name of Robert Frans Marie De Moor ( Antwerp, December 20, 1925 - Brussels, August 26, Roger Leloup (born November 17, 1933) is a Belgian Comic strip artist novelist and a former collaborator of Hergé. Jacques Martin (born September 25, 1921 in Strasbourg) is a French writer and artist of Comics. Le journal de Tintin (in its French-speaking version Kuifje ( Dutch-speaking version was a weekly Belgian comics magazine

The Ligne claire style achieved its highest popularity in the 1950s, but its influence started to wane in the 1960s and was seen as old fashioned by the new generation of comic book artists. The 1950s Decade refers to the years of 1950 to 1959 inclusive The 1960s decade refers to the years from the beginning of 1960 to the end of 1969

In the late 1970s however it experienced a resurgence of interest, largely due to Dutch artists like Joost Swarte and Theo van den Boogaart, who had come up through the Dutch underground comics scene, as well as the French artist Jacques Tardi. This article is about the Decade 1970-1979 For the Year 1970 see 1970. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands Joost Swarte (born 24 December, 1947, Heemstede) is a Dutch comic artist and graphic designer. Jacques Tardi is a French Comic strip artist born August 30, 1946 in Valence. Henk Kuijpers was also successful in his application of the style. Henk Kuijpers (born 10 December 1946) a Comics artist from The Netherlands who is most famous for his Franka series

In the 1980s, Yves Chaland, Ted Benoît, Serge Clerc and Floc'h, had relaunched the Ligne claire style in France. Yves Chaland (born April 3, 1957 in Lyon, France; died July 18, 1990 (car accident was a French Cartoonist.

Contemporary use of the ligne claire is often ironic. For example, van de Boogaart used the simple, clear style to set up a conflict with the amorality of his characters, while Tardi used it in his Adèle Blanc-sec series to create a nostalgic atmosphere which is then ruthlessly undercut by the story. A recent serious clear line artist is the Dutch Peter van Dongen, who created the Rampokan series about the Dutch colonisation of Indonesia. The Netherlands ( Dutch:, ˈnedərlɑnt is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which consists of the Netherlands the Netherlands See http//enwikipediaorg/wiki/WikipediaFootnotes for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the tags and the template below

Ligne claire is not confined to Franco-Belgian comics. Franco-Belgian comics are Comics that are created in Belgium and France. British artists such as Martin Handford, American artists like Geoff Darrow, and Spanish artists such as Max Bardin "Max" have also used it. Martin Handford (born 1956 in Hampstead London) is a British children's Author and illustrator who gained worldwide fame in the early 1990s with his Geof "Geofrey" Darrow ( October 21, 1955) is a comic artist and designer born in Cedar Rapids Iowa, United States.

Examples of ligne claire series

By Hergé:

By others:

See also

External links

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