- This is a Chinese name; the family name is 李 (Li). Personal Names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. Chinese family name is one of the hundreds or thousands of Family names that have been historically used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic
Lǐ Ruìhuán (traditional Chinese: 李瑞環; simplified Chinese: 李瑞环, September 1934- ) was a politician active late 20th century and early 21st century in the People's Republic of China. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Talk People's Republic of China) PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ARTICLE GUIDELINES Li was a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of 15th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China until November 2002. The Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (PSC, abbreviated) is a committee whose membership varies between 5 and 9 people usually men and includes The Politburo of the Communist Party of China ( Chinese: 中国共产党中央政治局 Pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Zhèngzhìjú (also "Political The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China ( Chinese: 中国共产党中央委员会 Pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì formerly The Communist Party of China ( CPC) ( also known as the Chinese Communist Party ( CCP) is the founding and ruling political party of the See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. He served as Chairman of the 9th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) until March 2003. The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference ( People's Political Consultative Conference Year 2003 ( MMIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar.
Biography
A native of Baodi County, Tianjin, and originally a carpenter, he was elected and reelected chairman of the 8th and 9th CPPCC National Committees in March 1993 and March 1998. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. A carpenter (builder is a skilled craftsman who performs carpentry - a wide range of Woodworking that includes constructing buildings, Year 1993 ( MCMXCIII) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar) Year 1998 ( MCMXCVIII) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar) Li Ruihuan is the sixth chairman of the CPPCC after Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping, Deng Yingchao, and Li Xiannian. Mao Zedong ( 26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese Military and political leader who led Zhou Enlai ( (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976 was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from 1949 until his death in January 1976 Deng Xiaoping ( 22 August 1904 19 February 1997) was a prominent Chinese Revolutionary, Politician, Pragmatist and Reformer Deng Yingchao ( Chinese: 鄧穎超 February 4, 1904 - July 11, 1992) was the wife of the first Chinese Primier Zhou Enlai Li Xiannian ( (23 June 1909&ndash21 June 1992 was President of the People's Republic of China between 1983 and 1988 and then president of the Chinese People's Political Since this post has been held by some of the most prominent revolutionary elders, it is spoken of "noble and sacred" by reverent observers. The principal duties of the CPPCC chief are mainly advisory and conciliatory; Li's duties focused on mitigating conflict between different sectors of society, conferring on state affairs, and providing ideas for the top bodies of PRC central government for reference.
Li, born into ordinary peasant family on September, 1934; worked as construction worker in Beijing Third Construction Company, 1951-1965; attended spare-time architecture engineering institute, 1958-1963; and received college certificate. Year 1934 ( MCMXXXIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1951 ( MCMLI) was a Common year starting on Monday. Events of 1951 January Year 1965 ( MCMLXV) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. Year 1958 ( MCMLVIII) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1963 ( MCMLXIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar of the Gregorian calendar.
Inventor of the "simplified calculation method," which updated the traditional "lofting method" in carpentry, Li was known as "young Lu Ban," a legendary master carpenter in ancient China. Lu Ban ( fl 5th century BC) was a Chinese carpenter philosopher military thinker statesman and contemporary of Mozi, born in the State of Lu He rose up the ranks of the construction industry and Tianjin politics.
During his tenure of office as Tianjin mayor, he actively supported institutional restructuring, focusing attention on improving urban housing and public transport conditions. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. He gained great popularity among Tianjin residents with his call-in radio and television programs through which he directly answered residents' inquires in concrete terms.
From 1989 on, he has been Standing Committee member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. Year 1989 ( MCMLXXXIX) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar) Observers speculated that the former carpenter who worked on the Great Hall of the People would play a key role in the question of leadership succession at the 16th party congress as CPPCC chief, if not also the future direction of political reform. The Great Hall of the People ( is located at the western edge of Tiananmen Square, Beijing, People's Republic of China, and is used for legislative and
Although the former Tianjin mayor has the same seniority as President Jiang Zemin, he has been relegated to the sidelines by Jiang since 1989. ( Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is the second largest city in northern coastal China. Jiang Zemin ( born 17 August 1926 was the "core of the third generation " of Communist Party of China leaders serving as General Secretary of By 2002 there were reports from Beijing that Li had informed the Communist Party of China (CPC) headquarters three times of his desire to retire at the 2002 16th party congress. See also 2002 (disambiguation Year 2002 ( MMII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar.
These reports struck many as unusual, given that Li, then 68, will be two years shy of 70 - the supposed retirement age for Politburo members - at the 16th congress, which endorsed a new CPC leadership. While sixty-eight would be considered retirement age most elsewhere, this is not an advanced age whatsoever for a top CPC cadre; in fact, at 68 Li was the second youngest member of the then seven-member Politburo Standing Committee, behind only Hu Jintao. The Politburo Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China (PSC, abbreviated) is a committee whose membership varies between 5 and 9 people usually men and includes Hu Jintao ( born 21 December 1942 is currently the Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Thus, many Li supporters assumed that he and Vice President Hu would have been the only two PSC incumbents to have their five-year terms renewed at the 16th congress. Thus, he would have been in place likely to assume the post of chairman of the National People's Congress (NPC), a post held by Li Peng prior to the party congress. A similar term is "National Congress" which is a less common translation of People's Political Consultative Conference. Li Peng ( (b 20 October 1928 was the Premier of China between 1987 and 1998 the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
Some were even expecting that Li Ruihuan would have formed a triumvirate together in the post-16th congress PSC with Hu Jintao and Wen Jiabao. Hu Jintao ( born 21 December 1942 is currently the Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist This is a Chinese name; the family name is Wen. Wen Jiabao ( (born 15 September 1942 is the Premier of the Many expected that such a triumvirate would have relegated Jiang's "Shanghai clique," focused more on the countryside, and pushed for political reforms. All three cadres were considered to have enjoyed a good relationship since all three have links to the Communist Youth League, deemed a liberal offshoot of the CPC. The Communist Youth League of China also known as the China Youth League (中国共产主义青年团 Pinyin: Zhōngguó Gòngchǎnzhǔyì Qīngniántuán Among current PSC members, Li is considered by most observers to be the most liberal, particularly on political matters.
While controversial among many in the party, who fear that he might be a Chinese Mikhail Gorbachev, Li's views about political liberalization, however, do not entail Western-style models. Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ( Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov;; born 2 March 1931 in Privolnoye Stavropol Krai) is a Russian politician Li has favored an incremental, steady approach, such as fostering checks and balances by giving some real power to the 'democratic parties' as well as other groupings of non-CPC professionals and businessmen. It is at Li's insistence as CPPCC chief that the status of non-CCP members as well as members of the eight "democratic parties" (civic society groupings of academics, professionals and businessmen) has been raised. Now, most provincial and municipal governments have set aside a virtual quota of senior positions to be filled by non-party politicians and experts.
According to some China analysts, Li upset Jiang by disagreeing with measures taken against Falun Gong, defined by the communist party as a cult. Falun Gong ( or Falun Dafa is a spiritual practice founded in China by Li Hongzhi （李洪志） in 1992 Communism is a Socioeconomic structure that promotes the establishment of an egalitarian, classless, stateless Society based This article does not discuss "cult" in the original sense of "veneration" or "religious practice" for that usage see Cult (religious practice Li has not made any public denunciation on the practice, despite widespread government allegations of Falun Gong practitioners going insane, committing suicide, refusing medical treatment due to cult teachings, or killing family members due to its "doomsday" preoccupations. (Many of these allegations had been well documented before the crackdown, but had received little attention from Chinese press. ) Many detractors of Li have faulted him for ignoring the alleged "destabilizing impact" of Falun Gong on Chinese society due to a factional dispute with Jiang. Moreover, Li is said to have embarrassed the party in the West, where many "anti-China forces" have exploited the crackdown to condemn trade relations with the PRC.
His ostensibly early retirement led many to conclude that Jiang's Shanghai faction, and its representative figures such as Zeng Qinghong and Wu Bangguo, might have outmaneuvered Li and his supporters at the 16th party congress. Zeng Qinghong ( (born July 1939 was the Vice-President of the People's Republic of China from 2003 to 2008 Wu Bangguo ( (born July 1941 is a politician in the People's Republic of China. As a retired official, the extent of his influence is unknown.
See also
External links
- Li Ruihuan biography @ China Vitae, the web's largest online database of China VIPs
- Li Ruihuan profile at BBC news . The politics of the People's Republic of China take place in a framework of a single-party socialist republic. See also History of China, History of the People's Republic of China Recovery in the 1990s Post-Tiananmen The Tiananmen Square protests Accessed September 2007
| Preceded by Hu Qili |
Mayor of Tianjin 1982—1989 |
Succeeded by Nie Bichu |
| Preceded by Ni Zhifu |
Secretary of the CPC Tianjin Committee 1987-1989 |
Succeeded by Tan Shaowen |
| Preceded by Li Xiannian |
Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 1993—2003 |
Succeeded by Jia Qinglin |
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