Lemuria (IPA: /lɨˈmjʊəriə/^[1]) is the name of a hypothetical "lost land" variously located in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Lost lands are Continents, Islands or other regions believed by some to have existed during Prehistory, but to have since disappeared as a result of The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth 's Oceanic divisions Its 19th century origins lie in attempts to account for discontinuities in biogeography. Biogeography is the study of the distribution of Biodiversity over Space and Time. Lemuria has been rendered superfluous by modern understanding of plate tectonics. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere Although sunken continents do exist — see Zealandia in the Pacific and the Kerguelen Plateau in the Indian Ocean — there is no known geological formation under the Indian or Pacific Oceans that corresponds to the hypothetical Lemuria. Zealandia (ziːˈlæːndiə also known as Tasmantis or the New Zealand continent, is a nearly submerged Continent or Microcontinent that The Kerguelen Plateau (kɚˈɡeɪlən ˈkɝɡələn is an underwater Volcanic Large igneous province (LIP in the Indian Ocean.

Though Lemuria has passed out of the realm of conventional science, it has been adopted by occult writers, as well as some Tamil writers of India. The word occult comes from the Latin word occultus (clandestine hidden secret referring to "knowledge of the hidden" Tamil (ta தமிழ்; t̪əmɨɻ is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamil people of the Indian subcontinent. India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Accounts of Lemuria differ according to the requirements of their contexts, but all share a common belief that a continent existed in ancient times and sank beneath the ocean as a result of geological change, often cataclysmic. A continent is one of several large Landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by Convention rather than any strict criteria with seven regions This article is about the Greek expression For the event in the Dragonlance series of books see Cataclysm (Dragonlance.

Scientific origins

Though the living modern lemurs are only found in Madagascar and several surrounding islands, the biogeography of extinct lemurs extending from Pakistan to Malaysia inspired the name Lemuria, which was coined in 1864 by the geologist Philip Sclater in an article "The Mammals of Madagascar" in The Quarterly Journal of Science. Lemurs make up the infraorder Lemuriformes and are members of a group of Primates known as Prosimians The term "lemur" is derived from the Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern Biogeography is the study of the distribution of Biodiversity over Space and Time. Pakistan () officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country located in South Asia, Southwest Asia, Middle East and For the biogeographical region see Malesia Malaysia (məˈleɪʒə or /məˈleɪziə/ is a country that consists of thirteen states and Year 1864 ( MDCCCLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian Calendar (or a Leap year A geologist is a contributor to the Science of Geology, studying the physical structure and processes of the Earth and planets of the solar system Philip Lutley Sclater ( November 4, 1829 - June 27, 1913) was an English Lawyer and Zoologist. Puzzled by the presence of fossil lemurs in both Madagascar and India, but not in Africa nor the Middle East, Sclater proposed that Madagascar and India had once been part of a larger continent, which he named "Lemuria" for its lemurs. FOSSIL is a standard protocol for allowing serial communication for Telecommunications programs under the DOS Operating system. The Middle East is a Subcontinent with no clear boundaries often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East.

Sclater's theory was hardly unusual for his time. The word theory has many distinct meanings in different fields of Knowledge, depending on their methodologies and the context of discussion. The acceptance of Darwinism led scientists to seek to trace the diffusion of species from their points of evolutionary origin; prior to the acceptance of continental drift, biologists frequently postulated submerged land masses in order to account for populations of land-based species now separated by barriers of water. Darwinism is a term used for various different movements or concepts related to a greater or lesser extent to Charles Darwin 's work on Evolution. eVolution is the third Album by eLDee, it was due to be released in 2008 Continental drift is the movement of the Earth 's Continents relative to each other Foundations of modern biology There are five unifying principles Similarly, geologists tried to account for striking resemblances of rock formations on different continents. Geology (from Greek γη gê, "earth" and λόγος Logos, "speech" lit The first systematic attempt was made by Melchior Neumayr in his book Erdgeschichte in 1887. Melchior Neumayr ( October 24, 1845 - January 29, 1890) German Palaeontologist, was born at Munich, the son Year 1887 ( MDCCCLXXXVII) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Many hypothetical submerged land bridges and continents were proposed during the 19th century, in order to account for the present distribution of species. A land bridge, in Biogeography, is an Isthmus or other land connection between otherwise separate areas which allows Animals and Plants A continent is one of several large Landmasses on Earth. They are generally identified by Convention rather than any strict criteria with seven regions In Biology, a species is one of the basic units of Biological classification and a Taxonomic rank.

As Lemuria gained some acceptance within the scientific community, it began to appear in the works of other scholars. Ernst Haeckel, a German Darwinian taxonomist, proposed Lemuria as an explanation for the absence of "missing link" fossil records. Ernst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel ( February 16, 1834 — August 9, 1919)also written von Haeckel, was an eminent German Taxonomy is the practice and science of classification The word comes from the Greek, taxis (meaning 'order' 'arrangement' and, nomos According to another source, Haeckel put forward this thesis prior to Sclater (but without using the name 'Lemuria'). A dissertation (also called thesis or disquisition) is a document that presents the author's Research and findings and is submitted in support of candidature ^[2] Locating the origins of the human species on this lost continent, he claimed the fossil record could not be found because it had sunk beneath the sea.

Other scientists hypothesized that Lemuria had extended across parts of the Pacific oceans, explaining distributions of species across Asia and the Americas. The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the Continents of North America and South America

The Lemuria theory disappeared completely from conventional scientific consideration after the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift were accepted by the larger scientific community. Plate tectonics (from Greek τέκτων tektōn "builder" or "mason" describes the large scale motions of Earth 's Lithosphere Continental drift is the movement of the Earth 's Continents relative to each other According to the theory of plate tectonics (which is nowadays the only accepted paradigm in geology), Madagascar and India were indeed once part of the same landmass (thus accounting for geological resemblances), but plate movement caused India to break away millions of years ago, and move to its present location. The original landmass broke apart - it did not sink beneath the sea level.

In 1999, drilling by the JOIDES Resolution research vessel in the Indian Ocean discovered evidence [1] that a large island, the Kerguelen Plateau, was submerged about 20 million years ago by rising sea levels. Year 1999 ( MCMXCIX) was a Common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1999 Gregorian calendar) JOIDES Resolution (Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling is a Scientific drilling ship once used by the Ocean Drilling Program The Kerguelen Plateau (kɚˈɡeɪlən ˈkɝɡələn is an underwater Volcanic Large igneous province (LIP in the Indian Ocean. Samples showed pollen and fragments of wood in a 90 million-year-old sediment. Pollen is a fine to coarse powder consisting of microgametophytes ( pollen grains) which produce the male Gametes (sperm cells of Sediment is any particulate matter that can be transported by fluid flow and which eventually is deposited as a layer of solid particles on the bed or bottom of a body of This might lead one to expect similarity of dinosaur fossil evidence and will help to understand the breakup of the Indian and Australian land masses; it does not support the concept of Lemuria as a land bridge for mammals. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Mammals ( class Mammalia) are a class of Vertebrate Animals characterized by the presence of Sweat glands, including sweat glands

Madame Blavatsky's Lemuria

Lemuria entered the lexicon of the Occult through the works of Madame Blavatsky, who claimed in the 1880s to have been shown an ancient, pre-Atlantean Book of Dzyan by the Mahatmas. Elena Petrovna Gan (Елена Петровна Ган also Hélène, Yekaterinoslav, Ukraine, Russian Empire — May 8 1891 London) better Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of Electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered The Book of Dzyan (comprising the Stanzas of Dzyan) is a reputedly ancient text of Tibetan origin Mahatma is Sanskrit for "Great Soul" (महात्मा mahātmā: महा mahā (great + आत्मं or आत्मन Within Blavatsky's complex cosmology, which includes seven "Root Races", Lemuria was occupied by the "Third Root Race", which was about seven foot tall, sexually hermaphroditic, egg-laying, mentally undeveloped and spiritually more pure than the following "Root Races". In Theosophy, Root Race (or Epochs to subsequent authors is a term first used in the late 19th century by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky in her book A hermaphrodite is an organism having both male and female reproductive organs Before the coming of the Lemurians, the second "Root Race" is said to have dwelled in Hyperborea. In Greek mythology, according to tradition the Hyperboreans were a mythical people who lived far to the north of Thrace.

After the subsequent creation of mammals, Mme Blavatsky revealed to her readers, some Lemurians turned to bestiality. Zoophilia, from the Greek ζῷον ( zṓion, "animal" and φιλία ( philia, "friendship" or "love" is a Paraphilia The gods, aghast at the behavior of these "mindless" men, sank Lemuria into the ocean and created a "Fourth Root Race"—endowed with intellect—on Atlantis. Atlantis (in Greek,, "island of Atlas " is the name of a Legendary Island, first mentioned in Plato 's dialogues

According to L. Sprague de Camp, Madama Helena Blavatsky was influenced by other writers on the theme of Lost Continents, notably Ignatius L. Donnelly, a cult leader named Thomas Lake Harris and the French writer Louis Jacolliot. Lyon Sprague de Camp, ( November 27 1907 – November 6 2000) was an American science fiction and fantasy author Lost Continents The Atlantis Theme in History Science and Literature is a 1954 study by L Ignatius Loyola Donnelly ( November 3, 1831 &ndash January 1, 1901) was a U This article does not discuss "cult" in the original sense of "veneration" or "religious practice" for that usage see Cult (religious practice Thomas Lake Harris ( May 15, 1823 – March 23, 1906) was an American mystic, Spiritualistic Prophet Louis Jacolliot (31 October 1837 &ndash 30 October 1890 was a French barrister colonial judge author and lecturer

One of the most elaborate accounts of lost continents was given by the later theosophical author William Scott-Elliott.

James Bramwell described Lemuria in his book, Lost Atlantis, as “a continent that occupied a large part of what is now the South Pacific Ocean. Atlantis (in Greek,, "island of Atlas " is the name of a Legendary Island, first mentioned in Plato 's dialogues ”^[3] Quoting Story of Atlantis, by William Scott-Elliott; “Atlantis, according to Scott-Elliott’s first map, which shows it 1,000,000 years ago, extended ‘from a point a few degrees east of Iceland to about the site now occupied by Rio de Janeiro in South America. Embracing Texas and the Gulf of Mexico, the Southern and Eastern states of America, up to and including Labrador, it stretched across the ocean to our own islands, - Scotland and Ireland… embraced Brazil and the whole stretch of ocean across to the African Gold Coast. ”^[3]

Bramwell described the people of Lemuria in detail and attributed them with being one of the “root-races of humanity. ” According to Bramwell, Lemurians are the ascendants of the Altlanteans, who survived the period “of the general racial decadence which affected the Lemurians in the last stages of their evolution. ” From “a select division of” the Atlanteans - after their promotion to decadence - Bramwell claims the Aryan race arose. Aryan is an English word derived from the Sanskrit " Ārya " meaning "noble" or "honorable" “Lemurians, Atlanteans, and Aryans are root-races of humanity,” according to Bramwell. ^[3]

James Churchward, another prolific writer on the theme of lost lands, identified Lemuria with Mu. James Churchward ( February 27, 1851 - January 4, 1936) is best known as a British born occult writer Lost lands are Continents, Islands or other regions believed by some to have existed during Prehistory, but to have since disappeared as a result of Mu, as the name of a sunken Pacific Ocean Continent, was first used by James Churchward in his 1926 book "The Lost Continent of Mu Motherland

Lemuria and Mount Shasta

In 1894, Frederick Spencer Oliver published A Dweller on Two Planets, which claimed that survivors from a sunken continent called Lemuria were living in or on Mount Shasta in northern California. Year 1894 ( MDCCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common A Dweller on Two Planets or The Dividing of the Way is a book by Frederick S Mount Shasta ( Úytaahkoo, Karuk) or the "White Mountain" in English a 14179-foot (4322 m Stratovolcano, is the second-highest peak in the California ( is a US state on the West Coast of the United States, along the Pacific Ocean. The Lemurians lived in a complex of tunnels beneath the mountain and occasionally were seen walking the surface dressed in white robes.

This belief has been repeated by such individuals as the cultist Guy Warren Ballard in the 1930s who formed the I AM Foundation. Guy Warren Ballard ( July 28, 1878 - December 29, 1939) was an American Mining engineer who became with his wife The 1930s were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression. The "I AM" Activity is a religious movement founded in the early 1930s by Guy Ballard (1878&ndash1939 and his wife Edna (1886-1971 in Chicago Illinois It is also repeated by followers of the Ascended Masters and the Great White Brotherhood. Ascended Masters, in the Ascended Master Teachings is derived from the Theosophical concept of Masters of Wisdom or "Mahatmas". The Great White Brotherhood, in some Theosophical and New Age belief systems is a group of supernatural beings of great power who spread the true religious teachings This list includes such organizations as Bridge to Freedom, The Summit Lighthouse, Church Universal and Triumphant, The Temple of The Presence, and The Hearts Center. The Summit Lighthouse (TSL is an organization founded by Mark L The Church Universal and Triumphant is a New Age New religious movement and organization founded by Mark L The Temple of The Presence was established in 1995 by Carolyn Shearer and Monroe Shearer after they received an Anointing to become Messengers for the Ascended Masters, Archangels

Popular novels have also repeated the belief that Lemurians inhabit Mount Shasta. Among such novels, Vin Smith's The Outrageous Views of Professor Fogelman links Lemurians to Ancient Egypt, UFOs and a method of travel called vortex portals--essentially a pathway to sacred places on Earth as well as points unknown in the universe. Ancient Egypt was an Ancient Civilization in eastern North Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now A portal in fiction is a Magical or technological doorway that connects two distant locations SACRED was a Cubesat built by the Student Satellite Program of the University of Arizona. The Universe is defined as everything that Physically Exists: the entirety of Space and Time, all forms of Matter, Energy

In Robert A. Heinlein's short story "Lost Legacy", three ordinary people rediscover innate human psychic abilities. Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7 1907 – May 8 1988 was an American Novelist and Science fiction Writer. Lost Legacy ( 1941) is a novella by Robert A Heinlein. It tells of the rediscovery of psychic powers by a trio from a California university (a woman student They immediately come under attack from evil (but human) hidden elites, and are forced take refuge among a hidden colony of ancient masters in Mt. Shasta. Here they find that benevolent rebels of ancient times stored the secret history of humanity in Mt. Shasta and other mountains, to aid in humanity's eventual path to redemption. This history includes the rise and fall of the lost empire Mu, due to arrogance and the pursuit of power rather than enlightenment. The fall of Mu is said to have doomed humanity to the current 'Dark Age', in which the evil hidden elites forcefully maintain the ignorance of the masses.

Kumari Kandam and Lemuria

"Lemuria" in Tamil nationalist mysticist literature, connecting Madagascar, South India and Australia (covering most of the Indian Ocean). Madagascar, or Republic of Madagascar (older name Malagasy Republic) is an Island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern South India is the area encompassing India 's states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu as well as the union For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's Oceanic divisions covering about 20% of the water on the Earth 's surface Mount Meru stretches southwards from Sri Lanka. For the Mountain in Tanzania, see Mount Meru (Tanzania. Mount Meru ( Sanskrit: मेरु (also called Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island

Kumari Kandam is a legendary sunken kingdom sometimes compared with Lemuria (cf. Kumari Kandam (ta குமரிக்கண்டம் Kumarikkaṇṭam) is the name of a legendary sunken landmass said to have been located to the south of present-day works of G. Devaneyan, Tamil: ஞானமுத்தன் தேவநேயன்). Devaneya Pavanar (ta ஞா தேவநேயப் பாவாணர்; also known as G According to these modernist interpretations of motifs in classical Tamil literature — the epics Cilappatikaram and Manimekalai that describe the submerged city of Puhar — the Dravidians originally came from land south of the present day coast of South India that became submerged by successive floods. Silappatikaram ( Tamil: சிலப்பதிகாரம்; siləppəd̪iɡɑːrəm is one of the five great epics of ancient Tamil Literature Manimekalai ( மணிமேகலை) written by Seethalai Saathanar is one of the masterpieces of Tamil literature and is considered as one of the Puhar (பூம்புகார் (also known as Poompuhar) is a town in Nagapattinam district in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Dravidian peoples refers to the peoples that natively speak languages belonging to the Dravidian language family. There are various claims from Tamil authors that there was a large land mass connecting Australia and the present day Tamil Nadu coast. Tamil Nadu ( Tamil:, Country of the Tamils, t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ is one of the 28 states of India.

Madame Blavatsky described the Lemurians (her third root race) as being colored black and described the Negroid race, the Dravidians and the Australoids, Papuans and Melanesians as being descended from them. See also Black people Negroid is an Adjective derived from the term Negro and refers to a presumed race of people mostly from The Australoid race is a broad racial classification. The concept's existence is based on the typological method of racial classification. Melanesia (from Greek: μέλας black, νῆσος island) means "islands of the black-skinned people"

In the light of current day science, especially in marine archeology and anthropology, such postulates are seen as nothing more than fanciful imagination. One of the prime proponents of the Kumari Kandam theory, D. Pavanar clamied that the Tamils were a separate biological species known as "Homo Dravida". Such proclamations have confined the kumari kandam theory amongst fringe Tamil extremists with absolutely no scientific basis.

Lemuria's Reptilian Beings

In reptilian conspiracy literature, a sunken Pacific continent (usually styled as Lemuria or Mu) is sometimes posited as the homeland of a reptilian race of creatures, often identified with dragons or nagas. Reptilian humanoids are a common motif in Mythology, Folklore, Science fiction, Ufology, and contemporary Conspiracy theories Mu, as the name of a sunken Pacific Ocean Continent, was first used by James Churchward in his 1926 book "The Lost Continent of Mu Motherland The dragon is a Legendary creature of which some interpretation or depiction appears in almost every culture worldwide Nāga ( नाग, IAST: nāgá, Indonesian: naga, Javanese: nogo, Khmer: neak) is Various bits of mythology and folklore are assembled in support, such as the Cambodian naga traditions. The Naga people of more than four million are found in Nagaland, parts of Manipur, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh in North-East India Folkloric claims of Australian aborigines sighting "dinosaur-like" creatures are also often viewed as evidence. Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first known human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands.

The earliest attestation of such notions in modern literature seems to have occurred in the works of H.P. Blavatsky, notably in The Secret Doctrine (1888), where she writes of "Dragon-men" who once had a mighty civilization on a Lemurian continent, until their rampant use of black magic brought about the end of their civilization, and their continent sank. Elena Petrovna Gan (Елена Петровна Ган also Hélène, Yekaterinoslav, Ukraine, Russian Empire — May 8 1891 London) better The Secret Doctrine the Synthesis of Science Religion and Philosophy, a book originally published as two volumes in 1888, is Helena P Year 1888 ( MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Black magic or dark magic is a form of sorcery that draws on malevolent powers Blavatsky in turn claims to have obtained this information from The Book of Dzyan. The Book of Dzyan (comprising the Stanzas of Dzyan) is a reputedly ancient text of Tibetan origin However, many consider that Blavatsky invented the book herself. Blavatsky believed that the terms "Dragon-men" or "Serpent-men" used to describe the Lemurian Lizard Beings in the Book of Dzyan were symbolic, intended to symbolize their advanced knowledge and magical powers. "Symbolic" redirects here For other uses see Symbolism (disambiguation and Symbolic (disambiguation. Knowledge is defined ( Oxford English Dictionary) variously as (i expertise and skills acquired by a person through experience or education the theoretical or practical understanding Magic, sometimes known as sorcery, is a Conceptual system that asserts human ability to control the natural world (including events objects people and

Other occurrences of the idea seem to be in the Alley Oop (1932) comic-strip, and the Brazilian Piteco (1964), where lands named Moo (or "Mu") and Lem (adapted from Mu and Lemuria respectively) are presented as dinosaur-infested lands. Alley Oop is a Syndicated Comic strip, created in 1932 by American Cartoonist V Year 1932 ( MCMXXXII) was a Leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. Year 1964 ( MCMLXIV) was a Leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar of the 1964 Gregorian calendar. Mu, as the name of a sunken Pacific Ocean Continent, was first used by James Churchward in his 1926 book "The Lost Continent of Mu Motherland

Use of Lemuria in modern fiction

• Richard Sharpe Shaver wrote at least one story on Lemuria that became featured in the science fiction magazine Amazing Stories. Richard Sharpe Shaver (b October 8 1907 Berwick Pennsylvania, d Amazing Stories was an American Science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback 's Experimenter Publishing. ^[4]
• Lin Carter set a series of sword and sorcery novels in Lemuria. Linwood Vrooman Carter ( June 9, 1930 - February 7, 1988) was an American author of Science fiction and Fantasy
• H. P. Lovecraft mentioned Lemuria as a previous resting place for the Shining Trapezohedron in the Cthulhu Mythos story "The Haunter of the Dark". Howard Phillips Lovecraft ( August 20, 1890 – March 15, 1937) was an American author of horror, fantasy "The Haunter of the Dark" is a horror story in the Cthulhu Mythos genre The Cthulhu Mythos is a Shared universe created in the 1920s by American horror writer H In this particular world of fiction, Lemuria may also be Mu or R'lyeh. Mu is a fictional continent in the Cthulhu Mythos. H P Lovecraft featured the lost continent in his revision of Hazel Heald's Short story "Out R'lyeh is a Fictional city that first appeared in the story " The Call of Cthulhu," by H
• In the video game Golden Sun series for the Game Boy Advance, Lemuria is a major plot point. A video game is a Game that involves interaction with a User interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. Golden Sun, released in Japan as, is the first installment of a series of role-playing video games developed by Camelot Software Planning and published The Game Boy Advance (often shortened to GBA) is a 32-bit handheld video game console developed manufactured and marketed by Nintendo. In the first title, the mythical land of Lemuria is mentioned as the motivation behind the construction of Babi's Lighthouse and in the sequel, Golden Sun: The Lost Age one of the main characters, Piers, is a Lemurian and later in the game travel to the hidden land of Lemuria is possible. Golden Sun The Lost Age, released in Japan as is the second installment of a series of role-playing video games developed by Camelot Software Planning
• In Marvel Comics, Lemuria is the underwater home of Princess Llyra, an antagonist to Namor the Sub-Mariner of Atlantis. Marvel Comics is an American comic book company owned by Marvel Publishing Inc Lemuria is the name of two fictional locations in the Marvel Universe. Llyra is a Fictional character, a Marvel Comics Super-villainess. Atlantis is a Fictional location in the Marvel Comics Universe
• In DC Comics, the Lemurians are a scaly race of humanoids living below the sea; they breathe air, unlike other submarine races of the DC Universe. DC Comics is an American comic book and related media company (Super Team Family #13-14. Super-Team Family is an Comic book anthology series published by DC Comics in the 1970s that lasted for fifteen issues )
• In the Kull stories by Robert E. Howard, Lemuria is a group of islands that are the peaks of the sunken continent of Mu. Kull of Atlantis or Kull the Conqueror is a Fictional character created by Robert E Robert Ervin Howard ( January 22 1906 &ndash June 11 1936) was an American pulp writer of Fantasy, Mu, as the name of a sunken Pacific Ocean Continent, was first used by James Churchward in his 1926 book "The Lost Continent of Mu Motherland
• In the 3-part TSR Inc. novel series of Agent 13: The Midnight Avenger, written by Flint Dille and David Marconi, based on the Top Secret/S.I. setting, Lemuria was not a sunken continent but a highly advanced civilisation that existed when mankind was in the prehistorical era. TSR Inc was an American game publishing company most famous for publishing the Dungeons & Dragons Role-playing game. Agent 13 The Midnight Avenger was the name of a novel series based on Top Secret/S Flint Dille (born 1955 is a screenwriter game designer and novelist David Marconi is an American Screenwriter and Film director. His writing credits include the screenplays for Enemy of the State and Top Secret is an Espionage -themed Role-playing game first published in 1980 by TSR Inc One of the lemurian went among the primitive humans, dazzling them into accepting him as their god with his advanced knowledge. In the long run though, his flaws were revealed and they turned against him. His escape back to Lemuria drew the angry hordes directly to the beautiful city which was destroyed.
• The film The Golden Voyage of Sinbad has the bulk of its adventures taking place on the lost continent of Lemuria. The Golden Voyage of Sinbad is a Fantasy film released in 1974 and starring John Phillip Law as Sinbad.
• Transformers: Cybertron, in its initial form of Transformers: Galaxy Force, featured Lemuria as one of four starships dispatched from the planet Cybertron in ancient times. Transformers Cybertron, known in Japan originally as, is the 2005-2006 Transformers toy line and animated series another co-production between Hasbro Cybertron is the fictional home planet of the Transformers. In the Japanese series the planet is also referred to as "Cybertron" (first shown on Japanese Galaxy Both versions feature a ship named Lemuria, but its location varies between series - the original Japanese version placed it on Animatros, the Jungle Planet, while the American version placed it on Gigalonia, or Gigantion. Jungle Planet (Also called the Beast Planet on occasion is a fictional planet home to beastial Transformers in the animated television program Gigantion, or Giant Planet, is a fictional planet home to giant Transformers in the animated television program Transformers Cybertron
• Epic Metal Bal-Sagoth has an album named A Black Moon Broods over Lemuria which features many themes related to fiction about this continent created by the leader of the band. Bal-Sagoth are a Symphonic black metal band from Yorkshire, England, formed in 1993
• Donald Turrentine, a character in the 1987 young adult novel No Traveller Returns by James S. Wallerstein, is the product of an experiment in which a Lemurian fetus is implanted into an ordinary woman. In the book, Lemuria is located in the underground realm of Bane N'Gai, an alternate universe accessible from Earth through certain Gateways. The Lemurians had fled to Bane N'Gai from their (unnamed) home planet.

References

Further reading

• Ramaswamy, Sumathi (2004). The Lost Land of Lemuria: Fabulous Geographies, Catastrophic Histories. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-24032-4.  
• Frederick Spencer Oliver, A Dweller on Two Planets, 1905
• Fenuchan Dwalhu, 69 Sexual Positions of Ancient Lemuria, Dwalhu Ashram, 2007

See also

• Augustus Le Plongeon
• James Churchward
• Lost city
• Phantom islands
• Atlantis
• Mu (lost continent)
• Lemuria and Easter island
• A Black Moon Broods over Lemuria
• Oahspe
• Ramtha
• Kumari Kandam
• After Man: A Zoology of the Future

External links

• The Stanzas of Dzyan, by H.P. Blavatsky
• Manufactured folklore: Shasta Lemuria.