Legal education is the education of individuals who intend to become legal professionals or those who simply intend to use their law degree to some end, either related to law (such as politics or academic) or business. The Texas Tech University School of Law is an ABA -accredited law school located on the campus of Texas Tech University in Lubbock Texas. Texas Tech University is a public, coeducational research university in Lubbock Texas. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the It includes:
- First degrees in law, which may be studied at either undergraduate or graduate level depending on the country.
- Vocational courses which prospective lawyers are required to pass in some countries before they may enter practice.
- Higher academic degrees.
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Legal education (general)
In addition to the qualifications required to become a practicing lawyer, legal education also encompasses higher degrees such as doctorates, for more advanced academic study.
In many countries other than the United States, law is an undergraduate degree. Graduates of such a program are eligible to become lawyers by passing the country's equivalent of a bar exam. A bar examination is an examination to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice Law in a given Jurisdiction. In such countries, graduate programs in law enable students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular area of law.
In the United States, law is a graduate degree, which students embark upon only after completing an undergraduate degree in some other field (usually a bachelor's degree), and is considered to be a graduate or professional school program. In the United States, a Law school is an institution where students obtain a professional education in law. A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and Professional school may refer to Journalism school Law school Business school Public policy school The undergraduate degree can be in any field, though most American lawyers hold bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences; legal studies as an undergraduate study is available at a few institutions. American law schools are usually an autonomous entity within a larger university.
Faculty of law is another name for a law school or school of law, the terms commonly used in the United States. A law school (also known as a school of law or college of law) is an institution specializing in Legal education. A law school (also known as a school of law or college of law) is an institution specializing in Legal education. This term is used in Canada, other Commonwealth countries and the rest of the world. Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page It may be distinguishable from law school in the sense that a faculty is a subdivision of a university on the same rank with other faculties, i. e. faculty of medicine, faculty of graduate studies, whereas a law school or school of law may have a more autonomous status within a university, or may be totally independent of any other post-secondary educational institution.
In addition in some countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and some states of Australia, the final stages of vocational legal education required to qualify to practice law are carried out outside the university system. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain,is a Sovereign state located Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. The requirements for qualification as a barrister or as a solicitor are covered in those articles. A barrister is a Lawyer found in many Common law Jurisdictions that employ a split profession (as opposed to a Fused profession) in relation A "solicitor" is a term used in many Common law jurisdictions for a lawyer who offers legal services outside of the courts See advocate for details of the requirements for qualification as an advocate in Scotland. An advocate is one who speaks on behalf of another person especially in a legal context Scotland ( Gaelic: Alba) is a Country in northwest Europethat occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
Australia
In Australia the situation is similar to Canada. This is a list of Law schools or universities which contain law schools in Australia. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Australia topics. Most reputable universities offer law as a graduate-entry course (LLB, 4 years), or combined degree course (eg, BSc/LLB, BCom/LLB, BA/LLB, BE/LLB, 5 - 6 years). Some of these also offer a 3-year postgraduate JD program. In 2008 the University of Melbourne introduced the Melbourne Model, whereby Law is only available as a graduate degree, with students having to have completed a 3 year bachelors degree (usually an Arts degree) before being eligable. The University of Melbourne is a Public university located in Melbourne, Victoria. The Melbourne Model is a controversial restructuring of the undergraduate curriculum of the University of Melbourne (UoM located in Victoria Students in combined degree programs would spend the first 3 years completing their first bachelor degree together with some preliminary law subjects, and then spend the last 2-3 years completing the law degree. Alternatively, one can finish any bachelor degree, and providing their academic results are high, apply for graduate-entry into a 3-year LLB program. A graduate entry degree is term used for an Academic degree that requires at minimum a previous bachelors degree for admission Some law schools are located at Macquarie, Monash, UNSW, Adelaide, Sydney, Melbourne, Queensland University of Technology, and the University of Queensland. Macquarie University is an Australian public University located in Sydney. Monash University is a Public university based in Melbourne, Australia. The University of New South Wales, also known as UNSW or colloquially as New South, is a University situated in Kensington, a suburb in The University of Adelaide (colloquially Adelaide University or Adelaide Uni) is a Public university located in Adelaide, South Australia The University of Sydney (informally Sydney Uni or USyd) is the oldest university in Australia The University of Melbourne is a Public university located in Melbourne, Victoria. Queensland University of Technology (QUT is located in Brisbane, Queensland, and is one of Australia's largest universities. The University of Queensland (UQ is one of Australia's premier learning and research institutions
Canada
In Canada, the situation is somewhere between that of the U. This is a list of Law schools and law faculties in Canada. Canada is mostly a Common law jurisdiction Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page S. and the majority of the rest of the world. The first-professional degree in law is the Bachelor of Laws (LL. The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law B. ) or the Juris Doctor (J. Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional D. ) for common law jurisdictions and the Bachelor of Laws, Licenciate of Law or Bachelor of Civil Law for Quebec, a civil law jurisdiction. Bachelor of Civil Law or BCL is the name of various degrees in Law conferred by English-language universities While technically most of Canada's common-law law schools will allow people to apply to study law after only two or three years of study in an undergraduate programme in another field, the vast majority of those who are admitted have already earned at least an undergraduate (bachelor's) degree. In the case of Quebec civil law degrees, students can be admitted after CEGEP. A CEGEP (ˈseɪʒɛp or /ˈsiːʤɛp/ French: Cégep) is a post-secondary education institution exclusive to the province of Quebec in Some Canadian schools are considering transitioning from the LL. B. to J. D. [1][2]
Generally, entry into common-law LL. B. programs in Canada is based almost exclusively on a combination of the student's grades as well as his score on the Law School Admission Test (LSAT). The Law School Admission Test ( LSAT) is an examination administered by the Law School Admission Council (LSAC that attempts to measure logical and verbal reasoning This is, at the time of writing, different from Medical School admission, where factors such as community involvement, personal character, extracurricular activities and references are taken into account, with the admission test (MCAT) having only a small influence on the admission decision. The Medical College Admission Test, commonly known as the MCAT, is a computer-based Standardized examination for prospective Medical students However, Osgoode Hall Law School, McGill University and the University of Windsor law schools takes into account those personal factors. Quebec civil-law law schools do not require the LSAT, nor does Université de Moncton law school which offers the common-law LL. The University of Moncton ( Fr Université de Moncton is a French language university in Moncton New Brunswick serving the Acadian community of Atlantic B. program in French only. In the case of the University of Ottawa's common-law law school, the LSAT is required for the program given in English but not for the program given in French. The requirement for the LSAT is likely because it is generally believed that a student who performs well on the LSAT will generally perform well both at law school as well as a legal practitioner. Most law schools receive far more applicants than they can accommodate; the examination offers admissions officers a simple and generally effective way to eliminate a large number of applicants from the pool.
Unlike the United States, all of Canada's law schools are affiliated with public universities, and are thus public institutions. There are no vast disparities in the quality of these institutions (as there are between tier 1 and tier 4 institutions in the US), and all are competitive entry schools. Many schools focus on their respective regions, as many graduates remain in the region in which the school is located. By virtue of the number of schools, Canadian law schools have stronger connections to their regions and provincial law societies than US schools. It is not unusual in some provinces for the majority of members of the Barreau (law society) to come from one or two schools in the area.
After completing the LL. B. or equivalent, students must article for one year. An articled clerk is an Apprentice in a professional firm in Commonwealth countries (In Quebec, "stage" is the equivalent to "articling". ) This can be a challenge for those with lower grades, as there are often a shortage of articling positions and completion of articles is required to be able to practise law in Canada. Articling involves on the job training, for low pay, working under the supervision of a licensed lawyer by the Provincial Bar (e. g. , the Law Society of British Columbia) who has been practising for a minimum of 5 years. The Law Society of British Columbia is a Self-regulatory organization responsible for the regulation of Lawyers in British Columbia, Canada. After a year of articling and call to the bar, many students are hired by the same lawyer or firm for which they articled, some start their own independent practices while others choose to work for a different firm. The Call to the Bar is a legal Term of art in most Common law jurisdictions Others may leave the private practice of law to work in government or industry as a lawyer or in a law-related position.
In Canada, the vast majority of lawyers do not seek a higher graduate degree in law, such as a Master of Laws, unless they intend to become a professor at a law school or they are practising lawyers taking an LL. The Master of Laws is an advanced Academic degree, or research degree and is commonly abbreviated LL M. program geared to practising lawyers to gain or expand knowledge in a specialized area of law.
Hong Kong
In Hong Kong law can be studied as a four-year undergraduate degree (LLB) or the Common Professional Examination conversion course for non-law graduates. PCLL redirects here For the lacrosse league in the northeastern United States see Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League. Hong Kong ( officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a territory located on China 's south coast on the Pearl River Delta, and borders The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law The Common Professional Examination ( CPE) is a postgraduate law course in England and Wales that is taken by non- Law graduates One must then pass the one-year Postgraduate Certificate in Laws (PCLL) currently offered at the University of Hong Kong and the City University of Hong Kong, before starting vocational training: a year's pupillage for barristers or a two-year training contract for solicitors. PCLL redirects here For the lacrosse league in the northeastern United States see Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League. City University of Hong Kong (CityU ( is one of the eight Universities in Hong Kong. A pupillage, in England and Wales, Northern Ireland and Ireland, is the Barrister 's equivalent of the Training contract A barrister is a Lawyer found in many Common law Jurisdictions that employ a split profession (as opposed to a Fused profession) in relation A training contract is a compulsory period of practical training in a Law firm for law graduates before they can qualify as a Solicitor in the A "solicitor" is a term used in many Common law jurisdictions for a lawyer who offers legal services outside of the courts
The move to a four-year LLB was recent and, in the case of HKU, was aimed at shifting some of the more theoretical aspects of the HKU PCLL onto the LLB, leaving more room for practical instruction. PCLL redirects here For the lacrosse league in the northeastern United States see Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League.
The Chinese University of Hong Kong will begin offering the PCLL course in September 2008. The Chinese University of Hong Kong, commonly referred to as CUHK, is the second oldest university in Hong Kong PCLL redirects here For the lacrosse league in the northeastern United States see Pioneer Collegiate Lacrosse League.
India
- See also: Autonomous law schools in India, Common Law Admission Test, and List of law schools in India
In India, legal education has been traditionally offered as a three years graduate degree. The term Autonomous law schools in India refers to the law schools founded in India pursuant to the second-generation reforms for legal education sought to be implemented by the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT is a centralised test for admission to 7 National Law Universities in India. National Capital Region of Delhi National Law School of Delhi, New Delhi Amity Law School Noida (Constituent college of Amity University India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country However the structure has been changed since 1987. Law degrees in India are granted and conferred in terms of the Advocates Act, 1961, which is a law passed by the Parliament both on the aspect of legal education and also regulation of conduct of legal profession. A Law degree is the degree conferred on someone who successfully completes studies in law The Parliament of India (or Sansad) is the federal and supreme Legislative body of India. Under the Act, the Bar Council of India is the supreme regulatory body to regulate the legal profession in India and also to ensure the compliance of the laws and maintenance of professional standards by the legal profession in the country. The Bar Council of India is an autonomous body in India which governs the legal/law institutions in India
To this regard, the Bar Council of India prescribes the minimum curriculum required to be taught in order for an institution to be eligible for the grant of a law degree. The Bar Council of India is an autonomous body in India which governs the legal/law institutions in India A Law degree is the degree conferred on someone who successfully completes studies in law The Bar Council also carries on a period supervision of the institutions conferring the degree and evaluates their teaching methodology and curriculum and having determined that the institution meets the required standards, recognizes the institution and the degree conferred by it.
Traditionally the degrees that were conferred carried the title of LL. B. (Bachelor of Laws) or B. L. (Bachelor of Law). The eligibility requirement for these degrees were that the application was already a holder of a graduate degree in any subject from a recognized institution. A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing Thereafter the LL. B. / B. L. course was for three years, upon the successful completion of which the application was granted the either degree.
However upon the suggestion by the Law Commission of India and also given the prevailing cry for reform the Bar Council of India instituted upon an experiment in terms of establishing specialized law universities solely devoted to legal education and thus to raise the academic standards of legal profession in India. The National Law School of India University (NLSIU or NLS is the premier institution for under-graduate and graduate legal education in India This decision was taken somewhere in 1985 and thereafter the first law University in India was set up in Bangalore which was named as the National Law School of India University (popularly 'NLS'). Bangalore ( officially Bengaluru ( Kannada: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು) is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka. The National Law School of India University (NLSIU or NLS is the premier institution for under-graduate and graduate legal education in India These law universities were meant to offer a multi-disciplinary and integrated approach to legal eduction. It was therefore for the first time that a law degree other than LL. B. or B. L. was granted in India. NLS offered a five years law course upon the successful completion of which an intergrated degree with the title of "B. The National Law School of India University (NLSIU or NLS is the premier institution for under-graduate and graduate legal education in India A. ,LL. B. (Honours)" would be granted.
Thereafter other law universities were set up, all offering five years integrated law degree with different nomenclature. The term Autonomous law schools in India refers to the law schools founded in India pursuant to the second-generation reforms for legal education sought to be implemented by the For example the National Law University, Jodhpur offered for the first time in 2001 the integrated law degree of "B. National Law University Jodhpur is an autonomous Law University in India committed to the cause of providing Legal Education B. A, LL. B. (Honours)" which was preceded by the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences offering the "B. The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, abbreviated to WBNUJS or NUJS is a specialised law university offering courses at the undergraduate and Sc. , LL. B. (Honours)" degree.
However despite these specialized law universities, the tradition three years degree continues to be offered in India by other institutions and which are equally recognized as eligible qualifications for practicing law in India. The term Autonomous law schools in India refers to the law schools founded in India pursuant to the second-generation reforms for legal education sought to be implemented by the Law is a system of rules enforced through a set of Institutions used as an instrument to underpin civil obedience politics economics and society India, officially the Republic of India (भारत गणराज्य inc-Latn Bhārat Gaṇarājya; see also other Indian languages) is a country Another essential difference that remains is that while the eligibility qualification for the three years law degree is that the application must already be a holder of a graduate degree, for being eligible for the five years integrated law degree, the application must have successfully Class XII from a recognized Boards of Education in India. A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of Higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing The following boards of education have been recognized by Government of India Andhra Pradesh Board of Secondary Education Andhra Pradesh Board of Intermediate Education
Both the holders of the three year degree of the five years integrated degree are entitled for enrollment with the Bar Council of India upon the fulfillment of eligibility conditions and upon enrollment, can appear before any court in India. The Bar Council of India is an autonomous body in India which governs the legal/law institutions in India
Japan
The Japanese legal education system is driven more by examination than by formal schooling. For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The profession of barristers, known as bengoshi, is highly regulated, and the passage rate for the bar exam is around three percent. form a legal profession in Japan. Attorneys at law are the only individuals authorized to represent others in district courts high courts and the Supreme Court, and are also Prospective attorneys who do pass the exam must take it three or four times before passing it, and a number of specialized "cram schools" exist for prospective lawyers. After passing the bar exam, prospective barristers undergo a one-year training period at the Legal Research and Training Institute of the Supreme Court of Japan. The Supreme Court of Japan (最高裁判所 Saikō-Saibansho; called 最高裁 Saikō-Sai for short located in Chiyoda, Tokyo is the highest During this period, the most capable trainees are "selected out" to become career judges; others may become prosecutors or private practitioners.
In 2004, the Japanese government passed a law allowing for the creation of three-year law schools (法科大学院 hōka daigakuin?). The 2006 bar examination will be the first in Japanese history to require a law school degree as a prerequisite. In the past, although there has been no educational requirement, most of those who passed the examination had earned undergraduate degrees from "elite" Japanese universities such as Tokyo, Kyoto. The, abbreviated as, is a major Research university located in Tokyo, Japan. or is a major national university in Kyoto, Japan. It is the second oldest university in Japan and formerly one of the Imperial Universities of
Since 2004, the J. D. degree is also awarded in Japan, the only civil law country to do so, where it is known as Homu Hakushi (法務博士).
A number of other legal professions exist in Japan, such as patent attorneys (benrishi), tax attorneys (zeirishi), scriveners, etc. Benrishi (弁理士 is a Japanese "quasi-legal profession" specifically licensed to practice Intellectual property law A scrivener (or scribe) was traditionally a person who could read and write. , entry to each of which is governed by a separate examination.
Korea
Similar to the Japanese legal education system, the legal education in Korea has been driven by examination. Currently in South Korea, a Law school is an undergraduate institution where students major in law and are awarded a Légum Baccalaureus For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic Japan topics. The profession of barristers, is highly regulated, and the passage rate for the bar exam is around five percent. Prospective attorneys who do pass the exam usually take it two or three times before passing it, and a number of specialized "cram schools" exist for prospective lawyers. After passing the bar exam, prospective barristers undergo a two-year training period at the Judicial Research and Training Institute of the Supreme Court of Korea. The Supreme Court of Korea is the highest court in South Korea. During this period, the most capable trainees are "selected out" to become career judges; others may become prosecutors or private practitioners.
In 2007, the Korean government passed a law allowing for the creation of three-year law schools (법학전문대학원). According to the new law, the old system of selecting lawyers by examination will be phased out. The U. S. -style law schools will be a sole route to become a lawyer.
In February 2008, the Ministry of Education of Korea selected 25 universities to open law schools. The total enrollment for all law schools is capped at 2,000, which is a source of contention between the powerful Korea Bar Association, and citizen groups and school administrators. There is an uproar among the schools which failed to get the government's approval and even among the schools that did get the approval, there is dissatisfaction due to an extremely low enrollment number. Several law schools are permitted to enroll 40 students per year, which is far below the financially sustainable number. Once a student has graduated from law school he or she is expected to pursue admission to the bar in order to practice.
A number of other legal professions exist in Korea, such as patent attorneys (변리사), tax attorneys (세무사), scriveners(법무사), etc. A scrivener (or scribe) was traditionally a person who could read and write. , entry to each of which is governed by a separate examination.
United Kingdom
In England and Wales, law can be studied as an undergraduate degree or in a Graduate Diploma in Law where students complete the Common Professional Examination (around 30% of practitioners take this alternative route). England Wales and Northern Ireland Qualifying law degrees The term "qualifying law degree" refers to an undergraduate degree (generally a Bachelor of Laws After obtaining the degree it is necessary to complete certain vocational courses and to serve a period of on the job training before one is able to qualify to practice as a barrister, legal executive, or solicitor. A barrister is a Lawyer found in many Common law Jurisdictions that employ a split profession (as opposed to a Fused profession) in relation Legal executives are trained legal professionals in England, Wales, Ireland, New Zealand and Australia who often specialise in A "solicitor" is a term used in many Common law jurisdictions for a lawyer who offers legal services outside of the courts
United States
The Education of Lawyers in the United States is generally undertaken through a law school program. Legal education in the United States generally refers to the education of lawyers before entry into practice. Legal education in the United States generally refers to the education of lawyers before entry into practice. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A law school (also known as a school of law or college of law) is an institution specializing in Legal education.
The professional degree granted by U. S. law schools is the Juris Doctor or Doctor of Jurisprudence (J. Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional D. ). Once a prospective lawyer has been awarded the J. D. (or other appropriate degree), he or she is usually required to pass a state bar examination in order to be licensed to practice as an Attorney at Law. A bar examination is an examination to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice Law in a given Jurisdiction. An attorney at law (or attorney-at-law) in the United States is a practitioner in a court of law who is legally qualified to prosecute Historically, as many as 32 states have recognized a diploma privilege method of bar admission which does not require sitting for a bar exam. The diploma privilege is a method for lawyers to be admitted to the bar without taking a Bar examination. As of mid-2007, Wisconsin is the only state which continues to recognize this privilege. Wisconsin ( or wɪˈskɑnsɨn (French Ouisconsin) is one of the fifty United States of America, located in the north central part of the United States
The Doctor of Jurisprudence or Juris Doctor (J. D. ), like the Doctor of Medicine (M. D. ), is a professional doctorate. The Doctor of Judicial Science (J. S. D. ), and Doctor of Comparative Law (D. C. L. ), are research and academic-based doctorate level degrees. In the U. S. the Legum Doctor (LL. D. ) is only awarded as an honorary degree.
Academic degrees for non-lawyers are available at the baccalaureate and master's level. A common baccalaureate level degree is a Bachelor of Science in Legal Studies (B. S. ). Academic master's degrees in legal studies are available, such as the Master of Studies (M. S. ), and the Master of Professional Studies (M. P. S. ). Such a degree is not required to enter a J. D. program.
Foreign lawyers seeking to practice in the U. S. , who do not have a Juris Doctor (J. D. ), often seek to obtain a Juris Master (J. M. ), Master of Laws (LL. M. ), Master of Comparative Law (M. C. L. ) or a Master of Jurisprudence (M. J. ).
Legal education in the United States normally proceeds along the following route:
- Undergraduate education (usually 4 years)
- Law school (usually 3 years)
- Admission to the bar (usually by taking a state's bar exam)
- Legal practice
A number of law students apply for an optional judicial clerkship (less than 10% end up in such position), to be taken after law school and before legal practice. Some take the bar exam before a clerkship but this is not required, clerkships usually last a year but can be longer.
Law School
A law school is an institution where prospective lawyers obtain legal degrees. In the United States, a Law school is an institution where students obtain a professional education in law. A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law as an attorney, Counsel or Solicitor; a person In the United States, law is a graduate degree, the pursuit of which students undertake only after having completed an undergraduate degree in some other field (usually a bachelor's degree). The United States of America —commonly referred to as the A graduate school or ("grad school" is a school that awards advanced degrees such as doctoral degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned A bachelor's degree is usually an Undergraduate Academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three four or in some cases and The law school program is considered to be a graduate or professional school program. Professional school may refer to Journalism school Law school Business school Public policy school The undergraduate degree can be in any field, though most American lawyers hold bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences. American law schools are usually an autonomous entity within a larger university.
In most other countries, law is an undergraduate degree and graduates of such a program are eligible to become lawyers by passing the country's equivalent of a bar exam. A bar examination is an examination to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice Law in a given Jurisdiction. In such countries, graduate programs in law enable students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular area of law.
In most cases the degree awarded by American law schools is the Doctor of Jurisprudence or Juris Doctor(J. Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional Juris Doctor (abbreviated JD or JD, from the Latin, Teacher of Law) is a first professional graduate degree and Professional D. ), degree. In contrast, the LL.B. degree is still the standard qualification in other common law jurisdictions, mostly in the Commonwealth of Nations. The Bachelor of Laws (abbreviated LLB, LLB or rarely LlB) is an undergraduate or bachelor degree in law offered in most Common law Common law refers to law and the corresponding legal system developed through decisions of courts and similar tribunals rather than through legislative statutes or executive Other, higher, degrees that are awarded include the Master of Laws degree (LL.M.) and the Doctor of Juridical Science degree (J. The Master of Laws is an advanced Academic degree, or research degree and is commonly abbreviated LL The Master of Laws is an advanced Academic degree, or research degree and is commonly abbreviated LL S. D. or S. J. D. ).
Once a student has graduated from law school he or she is expected to pursue admission to the bar in order to practice. In the United States, admission to the bar is permission granted by a particular court system to a lawyer to practice law in that system Requirements for membership in the bar vary across the United States. A bar association is a Professional body of Lawyers Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their Jurisdiction Once admitted, most attorneys must meet certain Continuing Legal Education (CLE) requirements. Continuing Legal Education ( CLE) are requirements for Attorneys in the United States to maintain their ability to practice law after initial admission
See also
- List of law schools
- Socratic Method
- IRAC
- Legal research
- Law School Admissions Council
- Faculty of law
- Law school outlines
- Continuing Legal Education
- Specialized Law Universities in India
References
- ^ To JD or Not JD — Law is Cool, November 13, 2007. This is an index of lists of law schools and faculties of law by continent and country The Socratic Method (or Method of Elenchus or Socratic Debate) named after the Classical Greek philosopher Socrates, is a form of IRAC (pronounced EYE-rack is an acronym that generally stands for Issue, Rule, Application, and Conclusion. Legal research, according to one source is "the process of identifying and retrieving information necessary to support legal decision-making The Law School Admission Council is a nonprofit organization whose members are more than 200 law schools throughout the United States and Canada Legal education is the education of individuals who intend to become legal professionals or those who simply intend to use their law degree to some end either related to law Law school outlines are legal Study aids Typically the outlines are created by Law school students however there are professional outlines also available Continuing Legal Education ( CLE) are requirements for Attorneys in the United States to maintain their ability to practice law after initial admission The term Autonomous law schools in India refers to the law schools founded in India pursuant to the second-generation reforms for legal education sought to be implemented by the Accessed 7 April 2008.
- ^ Alumni Consultation Next for Western’s JD Proposal — Law is Cool, February 26, 2008. Accessed 7 April 2008.
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