Louis Lazare Hoche (June 24, 1768 - September 19, 1797) was a French soldier who rose to be general of the Revolutionary army. Events 972 - Battle of Cedynia, the first documented victory of Polish forces takes place Year 1768 ( MDCCLXVIII) was a Leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common This article is about the country For a topic outline on this subject see List of basic France topics.
Born of poor parents near Versailles, he enlisted at sixteen as a private soldier in the Gardes Françaises. Versailles (vɛʀsaj in French) formerly de facto capital of the kingdom of France, is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and is still an important The Gardes Françaises (French Guards was one of the two non-ceremonial infantry regiments in the "Maison du Roi" (Household troops of the French Army under He spent his entire leisure in earning extra pay by civil work, his object being to provide himself with books, and this love of study, which was combined with a strong sense of duty and personal courage, soon led to his promotion.
When the Gardes françaises disbanded in 1789 he had reached the rank of corporal, and thereafter he served in various line regiments up to the time of his receiving a commission in 1792. In the defence of Thionville in that year Hoche earned further promotion, and he served with credit in the operations of 1792 - 1793 on the northern frontier of France. Thionville (Diedenhofen Diedennuewen Diedenhoven is a town and commune in the Moselle département, in the Lorraine At the Battle of Neerwinden (1793) he served as aide-de-camp to General le Veneur, and when Dumouriez deserted to the Austrians, Hoche, along with le Veneur and others, fell under suspicion of treason; but after being kept under arrest and unemployed for some months he took part in the defence of Dunkirk, and in the same year (1793) he was promoted successively chef de brigade, general of brigade, and general of division. The Battle of Neerwinden ( 18 March 1793) took place near the village of Neerwinden in present-day Belgium between the Austrians under An aide-de-camp ( French for camp assistant) is a personal assistant secretary or Adjutant to a person of high rank usually a senior military officer Charles François Dumouriez ( January 25, 1739 &ndash March 14, 1823) was a French general of the French Revolutionary Wars Austria (Österreich ( officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich In Law, treason is the Crime that covers some of the more serious acts of disloyalty to one's sovereign or Nation. Dunkirk ( French: Dunkerque, dœ̃kɛʀk or; Dutch:; is a harbour city and a commune in the northernmost part of France, in the In October 1793 he was provisionally appointed to command the Army of the Moselle, and within a few weeks he was in the field at the head of his army in Lorraine. Moselle is a ''département'' in the east of France named after the Moselle River. Lorraine (Lorraine Lothringen is a historical area in present-day northeast France. He lost his first battle (Kaiserslautern 28-30 November 1793) against the Prussians, but even in the midst of the Reign of Terror the Committee of Public Safety retained Hoche in his command. The Battle of Kaiserslautern (28-30 November 1793 was a battle of the War of the First Coalition (part of the French Revolutionary Wars) fought near the German Events 1700 - Battle of Narva — A Swedish army of 8500 men under Charles XII defeats Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common Prussia ( Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Prūsija Prūsija Prusy Old Prussian: Prūsa) was most recently a historic state Saint justjpg|thumbnail|200px| Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just]] The Reign of Terror' (5 September 1793 &ndash 28 July 1794 or simply The Terror (la Terreur was The Committee of Public Safety (Comité de salut public le Haut Comité de la santé publique which is an entirely unrelated present-day institution--> set up by the Pertinacity and fiery energy, in their eyes, outweighed everything else, and Hoche soon showed that he possessed these qualities.
On December 22, 1793 he stormed the lines of Fröschweiler, and the representatives of the National Convention with his army at once added the Army of the Rhine to his sphere of command. Events 1790 - The Turkish fortress of Izmail is stormed and captured by Suvorov and his Russian armies Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common During the French Revolution, the National Convention or Convention, in France, comprised the Constitutional and legislative assembly On 26 December 1793 the French carried by assault the famous lines of Weissenburg, and Hoche pursued his success, sweeping the enemy before him to the middle Rhine in four days. Events 1481 - Battle of Westbrook - Holland defeats troops of Utrecht. Year 1793 ( MDCCXCIII) was a Common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The Rhine (Rhein Rijn Rhin Reno Rain Rhenus is one of the longest and most important Rivers in Europe at 1320 kilometres (820 mi with an average discharge He then put his troops into winter quarters.
Before the following campaign opened, he married Anne Adelaide Dechaux at Thionville (11 March 1794). Events 1425 BC - Thutmose III, Pharaoh of Egypt, dies (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a But ten days later he was suddenly arrested, charges of treason having been preferred by Pichegru, the displaced commander of the Army of the Rhine, and by his friends. Jean-Charles Pichegru ( February 16, 1761 &mdash April 5, 1804) was a French General and political figure of the French Hoche escaped execution, however, though imprisoned in Paris until the fall of Robespierre. Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (maksimiljɛ̃ fʁɑ̃swa maʁi izidɔʁ də ʁɔbɛspjɛʁ ( 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) Shortly after his release he was appointed to command against the Vendéans (21 August 1794). The War in Vendée ( 1793 to 1796) was a Civil war in Vendée between Royalists and Republicans during the French Events 1192 - Minamoto Yoritomo becomes Seii Tai Shōgun and the De facto ruler of Japan. Year 1794 ( MDCCXCIV) was a Common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a He completed the work of his predecessors in a few months by the peace of Jaunaye (15 February 1795), but soon afterwards the war was renewed by the Royalists. Events 590 - Khosrau II is crowned as king of Persia 1637 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a The House of Bourbon is an important European Royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Hoche showed himself equal to the crisis and inflicted a crushing blow on the Royalist cause by defeating and capturing de Sombreuil's expedition at Quiberon and Penthièvre (16 - 21 July 1795). Quiberon or Kiberen in Breton is a commune of the Morbihan département, in the région of In the 11th and 12th centuries the countship of Penthièvre ( Breton: Penteur) in Brittany (now in the department of Côtes-d'Armor) belonged Events 356 BC - Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World Year 1795 ( MDCCXCV) was a Common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Thereafter, by means of mobile columns (which he kept under good discipline) he succeeded before the summer of 1796 in pacifying the whole of the west, which had for more than three years been the scene of a pitiless civil war.
After this Hoche was appointed to organise and command the troops sent to assist the United Irishmen in their rebellion against British rule. The Society of United Irishmen was founded as a Liberal political organisation in eighteenth century Ireland that sought Parliamentary reform The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Éirí Amach 1798 Turn Oot 1798 or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally was an uprising in 1798 lasting several months against the A tempest, however, separated Hoche from the expedition, and after various adventures the whole fleet returned to Brest without having effected its purpose. Brest (bʁɛst in French, in Breton) is a city in the Finistère department in Bretagne in northwestern France. Hoche was at once transferred to the Rhine frontier, where he defeated the Austrians at Neuwied (April 1797), though operations were soon afterwards brought to an end by the Preliminaries of Leoben. The Battle of Neuwied was fought on April 18, 1797. It resulted in the victory of French under General Louis Lazare Hoche against Austrians Leoben is a city in Styria, in central Austria, located on the Mur river Later in 1797 he was minister of war for a short period, but in this position he was surrounded by obscure political intrigues, and, finding himself the dupe of Barras and technically guilty of violating the constitution, he quickly laid down his office, returning to his command on the Rhine frontier. Paul François Jean Nicolas vicomte de Barras ( June 30, 1755 &mdash January 29, 1829) was a French politician of the But his health grew rapidly worse, and he died at Wetzlar on 19 September 1797 of consumption. Wetzlar is a town in the German federal state ( Bundesland) of Hesse, capital of the Lahn-Dill district Events 335 - Dalmatius is raised to the rank of Caesar by his uncle Constantine I. Year 1797 ( MDCCXCVII) was a Common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar of the Gregorian calendar (or a Common The belief spread that he had been poisoned, but the suspicion seems to have had no foundation. He was buried by the side of his friend Marceau in a fort on the Rhine, mourned by his army and by all France. François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers ( March 1, 1769 &ndash September 21, 1796) was a French general of the Revolutionary Wars
He is commemorated by a statue of him in uniform in a garden square in his home town of Versailles, near the main entrance to the famous Chateau of Versailles. Versailles (vɛʀsaj in French) formerly de facto capital of the kingdom of France, is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and is still an important Another statue, the last major work by Jules Dalou, is in Quiberon, Brittany. Aimé-Jules Dalou ( 31 December 1838 - 15 April 1902) was a French sculptor. Quiberon or Kiberen in Breton is a commune of the Morbihan département, in the région of
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911 is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica The public domain is a range of abstract materials &ndash commonly referred to as Intellectual property &ndash which are not owned or controlled by anyone
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