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Lawton, Oklahoma
Nickname: L-Town
Location in the state of Oklahoma
Location in the state of Oklahoma
Coordinates: 34°60′92″N -98°25′4″W / 35.02556, 97.58222
Country United States
State Oklahoma
County Comanche
Government
 - Mayor John Purcell
Area
 - City 75. A nickname is a Name of an entity or thing that is not its Proper name. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. Wikipedia talkFeatured lists for an explanation of this and other inclusion tags below -->This list of countries, arranged alphabetically The United States of America —commonly referred to as the The political units and divisions of the United States include The 50 states (four of these being officially styled as Commonwealths) which are typically Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. YeahImage Oklahoma counties mappng|thumb|right|300px|Map of Oklahoma counties]]This is a list of the seventy-seven counties in the U Comanche County is a County located in the US state of Oklahoma. A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning "greater" is a modern title used in many countries for the highest ranking officer in a municipal government This is about a soldier for the American Archbishop see John Baptist Purcell. Area is a Quantity expressing the two- Dimensional size of a defined part of a Surface, typically a region bounded by a closed Curve. A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status 1 sq mi (194. The square mile is an imperial and US unit of Area equal the area of a square of one statute mile. 6 km²)
 - Land 75. To help compare different Orders of magnitude and geographical regions we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km² 1 sq mi (194. 6 km²)
 - Water 0 sq mi (0 km²)
Elevation 1,109 ft (360 m)
Population (2000)
 - City 92,757
 - Density 1,234. The elevation of a Geographic location is its height above a fixed reference point often the mean sea level. A foot (plural feet or foot; symbol or abbreviation ft or sometimes &prime – the prime symbol) is a non-SI unit The metre or meter is a unit of Length. It is the basic unit of Length in the Metric system and in the International A city is an Urban area with a large Population and a particular Administrative, Legal, or Historical status Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5/sq mi (476. 6/km²)
 - Metro 114,916
Time zone CST (UTC-6)
 - Summer (DST) CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes 73500-73599
Area code(s) 580
FIPS code 40-41850[1]
GNIS feature ID 1094539[2]
Website: http://www.cityof.lawton.ok.us/
Mount Scott is the highest peak in the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, 10 miles (16 km) North of Lawton
Mount Scott is the highest peak in the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, 10 miles (16 km) North of Lawton

Lawton is a city in and the county seat of Comanche County, Oklahoma, United States. A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large Metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving Areas using UTC−6 Single zone countries Belize Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Daylight saving time ( DST The Central Time Zone observes Standard time by subtracting six hours from UTC during standard time ( UTC−6) and five hours during Daylight saving UTC−5 is the Time offset used in the North American Eastern Time Zone during Standard time and in the North American Central Time Zone during The ZIP code is the system of Postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating Telephone number ranges to countries regions areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks Area code 580 serves the state of Oklahoma. It covers the remainder of the state not included in the Oklahoma City or Tulsa areas including Lawton Federal Information Processing Standards ( FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States Federal government for use by all non-military The Geographic Names Information System ( GNIS) is a database that contains name and locative information about more than two million physical and cultural features located throughout A county seat is a term for an Administrative center for a County, primarily used in the United States. Comanche County is a County located in the US state of Oklahoma. Oklahoma ( is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. The United States of America —commonly referred to as the [3] It is the principal city of the Lawton, Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas|Table of United States Core Based Statistical AreasIn the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB has produced Founded in 1901, Lawton lies in southwestern Oklahoma, near the Wichita Mountains. The Wichita Mountains are located in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, a favorite for hikers and rock Lawton is the cultural and commercial center of the area. Lawton is home to large granite deposits as well as cotton fields. Granite (ˈɡrænɪt is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, Felsic, igneous rock. Fort Sill, Fort Sill Indian School, and Medicine Park are all nearby. Fort Sill is a United States Army post near Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles southwest of Oklahoma City. Medicine Park is a town in Comanche County, Oklahoma, United States, situated in the Wichita Mountains near the entrance to the 60000 acre The population was 92,757 at the 2000 census.

Contents

Geography

Lawton is located at 34°36′34″N, 98°25′4″W (34. 609424, -98. 417781)[4], 88 miles (142 km) southwest of Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the US state of Oklahoma.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 75. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census 1 square miles (194. 6 km²), all of it land.

Lawton is located south of the Wichita Mountain Wildlife Refuge, Mount Scott, and Lake Lawtonka.

Lawton is named for Major General Henry Ware Lawton (1843-1899), Civil War Medal of Honor recipient, killed in action during the Spanish-American War, at the Battle of San Mateo in the Philippines. Major General or Major-General is a Military rank used in many countries Henry Ware Lawton (17 March 1843&ndash1899 was a highly respected U Causes of the war See also Origins of the American Civil War, Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War The coexistence of a slave-owning South The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government. The Philippines ( Filipino: Pilipinas, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (fil ''Republika ng Pilipinas'' RP

Establishment and history through WWII

Southwest Oklahoma was the home for many Native American tribes due to the natural resources provided by the nearby 60,000-acre (240 km²) outcropping of ancient granite now called the Wichita Mountains, with water, wildlife, vegetation, in abundance. The Wichita Mountains are located in southwestern Oklahoma. The Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, a favorite for hikers and rock This area is now the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuge. Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, located in southwestern Oklahoma near Lawton has protected unique wildlife habitats since 1901 and is the oldest managed wildlife facility in the U Lawton’s history is inextricably tied to Fort Sill, established in 1869 during the hostilities in the Indian Territory. Fort Sill is a United States Army post near Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles southwest of Oklahoma City. The Indian Territory, also known as The Indian Country, The Indian territory or the Indian territories, was land set aside within the United States

This land was granted to the Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache tribes by the Medicine Lodge Treaty of 1867, which continued warring against the military until Comanche Chief Quanah Parker and his Quohada Comanches abandoned the struggle and arrived at Fort Sill in June 1875. The Comanche are a Native American ethnic group whose range (the Comancheria) consisted of present-day eastern New Mexico, southern Colorado The Kiowa (ˈkaɪoʊwə are a nation of American Indians who migrated from what is now Canada to their present location in Southwestern Oklahoma. The Medicine Lodge Treaty was a set of three treaties signed between the United States of America and the Kiowa, Comanche, Plains Apache Quanah Parker (c late 1840s - February 23, 1911) was a Native American Indian leader the son of Comanche chief Peta Nocona and

In 1891 the United States Congress appointed a commission under David H. Jerome to meet with the tribal leaders and come to an agreement allowing white settlement. Under pressure from the commission, Quanah Parker and the other Native American tribal leaders initially agreed to give the government control of the lands for $1. 25 per acre. Each tribal member would receive a 160-acre (0. 65 km²) allotment, with 400,000 acres (1,600 km²) reserved for grazing land for white cattle ranchers. After years of controversy and legal maneuvering on both sides, President William McKinley issued a proclamation which gave the government control over 2,000,000 acres (8,100 km²) for less than $1 per acre. William McKinley Jr ( January 29, 1843 September 14, 1901) was the twenty-fifth President of the United States, and the last

Upon completion of a survey, three 320-acre (1. 3 km²) sites were designated as the town sites for the county seats for the Kiowa, Caddo, and Comanche Counties. Lawton was the Comanche County site, named for General Henry W. Lawton, who had been quartermaster at Fort Sill and part of the pursuit and capture of Geronimo. Henry Ware Lawton (17 March 1843&ndash1899 was a highly respected U Geronimo ( Chiricahua: Goyaałé, "one who yawns" often spelled Goyathlay or Goyahkla in English ( June 16 1829 The Apache leader was moved with Chiricahua prisoners of war to Fort Sill in 1894, under the direction of Captain H. L. Scott. Geronimo was jailed at the Old Post Guardhouse, and he remained in the area until his death on February 17, 1909.

Few American cities have sprung up overnight. The five land runs in Indian Territory from 1889 to 1895 led to violence, fraud, and legal disputes. Land run (sometimes "land rush") usually refers to a historical event in which previously-restricted land of the United States was opened for Homesteading The Indian Territory, also known as The Indian Country, The Indian territory or the Indian territories, was land set aside within the United States [5] It was decided to open El Reno and Lawton with lotteries. On July 29, 1901, a lottery began in El Reno, Oklahoma to determine the order for filing the homestead claims. El Reno is a city in Canadian County, Oklahoma, United States, in the central part of the state By October 1901, 5,895 homesteaders had filed claims at the Fort Sill land office.

The town was divided into 66 blocks, to be sold at auction. Two of the original homestead claims directly south of the 320 acres (1. 3 km²) for Lawton were filed by James Woods and Mattie Beal, known as the Woods Addition and Beal Addition to the original Lawton plat.

On August 6, 1901, the auction of town lots began, ending sixty days later. A tent city had grown up in anticipation of the auction, and banks, saloons, stores and other service industries sprang up overnight. Within one year, there were 100 saloons. Gambling was epidemic until outlawed on Nov 16, 1907, coincident with the establishment of the State of Oklahoma. [6] The Rock Island Railroad expanded, rolling into Lawton on September 25, 1901, joined soon thereafter by the Frisco Line. The St Louis-San Francisco Railway, also known as the Frisco, is a defunct U [7]

The influx and rapid population expansion led to a series of public health crises, water shortage, and lawlessness. The first city elections were held October 24, 1901, and Leslie Price Ross was elected mayor, with voting restricted to the few who had resided in the area for over a year. [8] One of the original two newspapers, the Lawton Daily Democrat, became the forerunner of the Lawton Constitution, which was established in 1911. In 1949, the Lawton Constitution acquired the Morning Press, and today serves southwest Oklahoma.

The First Presbyterian Church of Lawton, at 8th Street and D Avenue, was constructed in 1902, and remains the oldest public structure remaining in Lawton. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP is the United States government's official list of districts sites buildings structures and objects deemed worthy of On January 2, 1902, four public schools opened. The first class of six graduated in 1903 from Lawton High School. Cameron State Agricultural School (now Cameron University) convened on November 16, 1909, in the basement of the First National Bank at 302 C Avenue. Cameron University is a four-year state-funded University located in Lawton, Oklahoma, that offers more than 50 degrees through two-year four-year In March 1911 classes were transferred to the current location on West Gore. The Mattie Beal-Payne mansion at Fifth and Summit was built in 1908, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The demographic makeup of Lawton at its founding reflected a mix of white settlers from states near and far, the indigenous Native Americans, who generally lived outside the town, but were highly visible, often in traditional clothing as they did business in town, and a smaller African-American population.

The United States entry into World War I accelerated growth at Fort Sill and Lawton. World War I (abbreviated WWI; also known as the First World War, the Great War, and the War to End All The availability of five million gallons of water from Lake Lawtonka, just north of Fort Sill, provided the impetus for the War Department to establish a major cantonment named Camp Doniphan, active until 1922. Camp Doniphan was a Military base adjacent to Fort Sill, just outside of Lawton, in Comanche County, Oklahoma, that was activated [9] The population doubled from about 8,800 to 17,600 as more than 50,000 soldiers passed though in training. By 1920, the city population declined again to 8,830.

In 1911 The School of Fire for the Field Artillery was opened at Fort Sill and it continues to operate today as the U. S. Army Field Artillery School. The United States Army Field Artillery School (USAFAS trains field artillery soldiers and Marines in tactics techniques and procedures for the employment of fire support systems in support

From the stock market crash of October 1929, through the end of the 1930s, dust storms, severe winter weather, unemployment and poverty created severe economic challenges for Lawtonians. A stock market crash is a sudden dramatic decline of Stock prices across a significant cross-section of a Stock market. The decision at the end of 1930 to permanently locate the U. S. Army Field School at Ft Sill ended 20 years of indecision and kicked off a round of construction. Fort Sill commanders played a vital role in the implementation of Civilian Conservation Corps and Works Progress Administration projects throughout the 1930s. Civilian Conservation Corps ( CCC) was a Work relief program for young men from unemployed families established on March 21, 1933, by U The Works Progress Administration (renamed in 1939 the Work Projects Administration; WPA) was the largest New Deal agency employing millions of people [10] Some of the major projects included work on dams and buildings at the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, the County Courthouse, Roosevelt Stadium (Now called Ron Stephens Stadium), the road to the summit of Mount Scott, and the Holy City of the Wichitas, among others.

Post-WWII Lawton

Following World War II, Lawton enjoyed rapid and steady population growth. From 1930 to 1940, population increased from 18,055 to 34,757, and by 1960, it reached 61,697. In the 1950s, significant public facilities were built, including the new Lawton High School, the airport, the McMahon Auditorium, the National Guard Armory, and groundbreaking for the Museum of the Great Plains.

Demographics

As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 92,757 people, 31,778 households, and 22,530 families residing in the city. A census is the procedure of acquiring information about every member of a given population The population density was 1,234. Population density (in agriculture standing stock and Standing crop) is a measurement of Population per unit area or unit volume 5 people per square mile (476. 6/km²). There were 36,433 housing units at an average density of 484. 9/sq mi (187. 2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 61. 34% White, 23. 06% African American, 3. 81% Native American, 2. 46% Asian, 0. 44% Pacific Islander, 3. 96% from other races, and 4. 93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9. 40% of the population.

There were 31,778 households out of which 39. 6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51. 7% were married couples living together, 15. NOTICE TO WOULD-BE ROMEOS ************** 3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29. 1% were non-families. 24. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2. 61 and the average family size was 3. 12.

In the city the population was spread out with 27. 8% under the age of 18, 15. 3% from 18 to 24, 31. 4% from 25 to 44, 16. 3% from 45 to 64, and 9. 3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 108. 8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110. 7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,521, and the median income for a family was $37,831. Males had a median income of $27,573 versus $21,623 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,397. Per capita income means how much each individual receives in monetary terms of the yearly income generated in the country About 14. 2% of families and 16. 3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22. The poverty threshold, or poverty line, is the minimum level of Income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate Standard of living in a given country 2% of those under age 18 and 10. 8% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Lawton is served by Interstate Highway 44, which is also designated as the H.E. Bailey Turnpike and connects the city with Oklahoma City, Oklahoma to the northeast and Wichita Falls, Texas to the south. Interstate 44 (I-44 is an Interstate highway in the central United States. The HE Bailey Turnpike is a Toll road in southwestern Oklahoma. Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the US state of Oklahoma. Wichita Falls is a city in the state of Texas and the County seat of Wichita County Texas, United States. The city is also served by U. S. Highways 62, 277 and 281, and State highways 7 and 36, which connect Lawton with other locations in and out of Southwest Oklahoma. US Highway 281 is a north-south United States highway. It is 1872 miles was completed June 9 2008 formerly there was no direct access between the two freeways and

The Lawton-Fort Sill Regional Airport offers commuter airline flights to Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport and direct flights to Atlanta. Lawton-Fort Sill Regional Airport is a public airport located 2 mi (3

Lawton is also served by the Lawton Area Transit System

Media

Lawton television affiliates are in association with the Wichita Falls, Texas media market. Wichita Falls is a city in the state of Texas and the County seat of Wichita County Texas, United States. Texas ( is a state geographically located in the South Central United States and is also known as the Lone Star State.

Points of interest

Notable people from Lawton

Sister Cities

Ft. (born March 13, 1954 in Lawton Oklahoma) is a former American Baseball player and current politician Larry Birdine (born October 6, 1983 in) is an American football Defensive end who is currently a Free agent. Donald Benson Blanding ( November 7, 1894 &ndash June 9, 1957) was an American Poet who sentimentalized warm climates Grady Brewer, (born December 22, 1970 in Lawton Oklahoma) is a professional boxer. Jammal Filbert Brown (born March 30, 1981 in Lawton Oklahoma, U Cecil Martin Chase (born December 19, 1974 in Lawton, Oklahoma) is a former American football Defensive tackle in the Carolyn Janice Cherry (born September 1, 1942) better known by the Pseudonym C The Hugo Awards are given every year for the best Science fiction or Fantasy works and achievements of the previous year Joan Crawford (born Lucille Fay LeSueur; ( March 23, 1905 - May 10, 1977) Crawford was signed to a motion picture "The Oscar" redirects here for the film see The Oscar (film. Benjamin or Ben Curtis may refer to Benjamin Robbins Curtis (1809—1874 American jurist Ben Curtis (golfer (1977—) American The Secret Machines are a three-piece American rock band. Originally from Dallas Texas before moving to New York City, Brandon Curtis is the Vocalist, bassist, and keyboardist for the rock band The Secret Machines. The Secret Machines are a three-piece American rock band. Originally from Dallas Texas before moving to New York City, Conrad Herwig is a Jazz Trombonist from New York City in the United States. The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)—or Grammys —are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences Stephen Hillenburg (born August 21 1961 in Fort Sill, Oklahoma) is an American Animator and is perhaps most notable as the creator of SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series and Media franchise. Robert Samuel Johnson ( 21 February 1920 to 27 December 1998) was a USAAF Fighter pilot during World War II. Ronald Stacey King (born January 29, 1967 in Lawton Oklahoma, U Michael Christopher Minter (born January 15, 1974 in Cleveland Ohio) is a retired American football safety who played his entire Navarro Scott Momaday (born February 27, 1934) is a Native American ( Kiowa) writer The Pulitzer Prize, ˈpʊlɨtsɚ PULL-it-sər is an American award regarded as the highest national honor in Newspaper journalism, Lauren Nelson (born 1986 is a beauty queen from Lawton, Oklahoma who holds the Miss America 2007 title The Miss America pageant is a long-standing competition which awards scholarships to young women from the 50 states plus the District of Columbia and the US Virgin Islands Antonio Perkins (born January 9, 1982 in Lawton Oklahoma) is an American football Cornerback. Leon Russell (born Claude Russell Bridges on April 2 1942 in Lawton Oklahoma, United States) is a Singer, Songwriter Will Herthie Shields (born September 15, 1971 in Fort Riley Kansas) is a former American football Offensive guard who played his Kelly Lee Stinnett (born February 4, 1970 in Lawton, Oklahoma) is a Major League Baseball Catcher who is currently a Evo Terra (born June 10, 1968) is an American Podcaster, Writer and businessman based in Arizona. A podcast is a series of audio or Video digital-media files which is distributed over the Internet by syndicated Download Bryan White (born February 17 1974 in Lawton Oklahoma) is an American Country music artist Güllesheim is a municipality in the district of Altenkirchen, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany. Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz is one of the 16 federal states (German Bundesländer) of Germany. Sill, Oklahoma

See also

References

  1. ^ a b American FactFinder. Lawton High School was the first High school in Lawton Oklahoma. Eisenhower High School can refer to the following schools in the United States: Eisenhower High School (Rialto California Eisenhower MacArthur High School may refer to one of several high schools in the United States: Douglas MacArthur High School (San Antonio Texas United States Census Bureau. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  2. ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). The United States Geological Survey ( USGS) is a scientific agency of the United States government. Year 2007 ( MMVII) was a Common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. Events 1147 - The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  3. ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  4. ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census Year 2005 ( MMV) was a Common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar of the Gregorian calendar. Events 1491 - Kongo monarch Nkuwu Nzinga is baptised by Portuguese missionaries adopting the baptismal name of João Retrieved on 2008-01-31. 2008 ( MMVIII) is the current year in accordance with the Gregorian calendar, a Leap year that started on Tuesday of the Common Events 1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon. 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes
  5. ^ Kutchta, Howard, Centennial Coordinator (2001). Lawton, A Centennial History, 1901-2001. The Lawton Centennial Book Committee. Bell Books. p. 6
  6. ^ Kutchta, p. 14
  7. ^ Kutchta, p. 10
  8. ^ Kutchta, p. 15
  9. ^ Kutchta p. 28
  10. ^ Kutchta p. 48

External links

A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates using mainly a spherical coordinate system.
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