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"Saint Lawrence" redirects here. For other uses, see Saint Lawrence (disambiguation).
Saint Lawrence
Martyr
Born 225, Osca, Hispania
Died August 10, 258, Rome
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, Lutheran Church
Major shrine Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura in Rome
Feast August 10
Attributes Usually holding a gridiron[1] and wearing a dalmatic[2]
Patronage Rome, Rotterdam, Birgu (Malta), Huesca (Spain), San Lawrenz (Gozo), Canada, Sri Lanka, comedians, librarians, students, tanners, chefs[3]
Saints Portal

Saint Lawrence (c. Huesca (Uesca Latin: Osca; Greek:, Ptol ii 6 § 68 is a city in Aragon, Spain. Hispania was the name given by the Romans to the whole of the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Gibraltar Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Events By Place Roman Empire The Goths ravage Asia Minor and Trabzon. Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 The Eastern Orthodox Church is the second largest single Christian Communion in the world See also Anglicanism The Anglican Communion is an international association of national Anglican churches Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther A shrine, from the Latin scrinium (‘box’ also used as a desk like the French bureau) was originally a container usually made of precious materials used The Basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura &mdash also known in the English language as Saint Lawrence outside the Walls &mdash is one of the most important The Calendar of saints is a traditional Christian method of organizing a Liturgical year on the level of days by associating each day with one or more Saints Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire Christianity has used symbols from its very beginnings Each Saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life A gridiron is a metal Grate with parallel bars typically used for Grilling meat or fish The dalmatic is a long wide-sleeved Tunic, which serves as a liturgical Vestment in the Roman Catholic, Anglican, and United Methodist The patron saint of a particular group of people is a Saint who would protect and 'love' the group and its members Rome ( Roma ˈroma Roma is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city with more than 2 Rotterdam (pronounced) is the 2nd-largest City by population in the Netherlands, located in the province of Birgu ( Città Vittoriosa or Birgu) is a small city in Malta that played a vital role in the Siege of Malta in 1565. Malta, officially the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta is a European Microstate, comprising an Archipelago of three islands Huesca (Uesca Latin: Osca; Greek:, Ptol ii 6 § 68 is a city in Aragon, Spain. Spain () or the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España is a country located mostly in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Saint Lawrence ( Maltese: San Lawrenz) is a village on the Isle of Gozo, Malta, it's name is derived from Lawrence of Rome Gozo ( Għawdex) is an Island of the Maltese archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea, the island is part of the Southern European Country to "Dominion of Canada" or "Canadian Federation" or anything else please read the Talk Page Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka ( Sinhalese:, இலங்கை known as Ceylon before 1972 is an Island A comedian or comic is a person who seeks to entertain an audience primarily by making them laugh A librarian is an information Professional trained in Library and information science, which is the organization and management of information services or materials The word student is etymologically derived through Middle English from the Latin second-type conjugation Verb "studēre" A chef is a person who cooks professionally In a professional kitchen setting the term is used only for the one person in charge of everyone else in the kitchen the executive 225 – 258) (Latin: Laurentius - "laurelled") was one of the seven deacons of ancient Rome who were martyred under the persecution of Roman Emperor Valerian in the year 258. Events By Place Roman Empire Roman Emperor Alexander Severus marries Sallustia Orbiana, and possibly raises her father Events By Place Roman Empire The Goths ravage Asia Minor and Trabzon. A laurel wreath is a circular Wreath made of interlocking branches and leaves of the Bay Laurel ( Laurus nobilis Lauraceae) an aromatic Deacon is a role in the Christian Church that is generally associated with service of some kind but which varies among theological and denominational traditions Ancient Rome was a Civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC The term martyr ( Greek μάρτυς martys "witness" is most commonly used today to describe an individual who sacrifices their life (or personal freedom Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual/group by another group The Roman Emperor was the ruler of the Roman State during the imperial period (starting at about 27 BC For other uses see Valerian. Publius Licinius Valerianus (c 200 - after 260 commonly known in English as Valerian

Contents

History

The Acts of Lawrence were lost by the time of Augustine, one of whose sermons on Saint Lawrence (Sermo 302, de Sancto Laurent. ) admits that his narration was gained from tradition instead of reciting the Acts as was his preferred custom. [4] Such early legends made Lawrence a native of Huesca (Roman Osca) in Hispania Tarraconensis who had received religious instruction from Archdeacon Sixtus in Rome. A legend ( Latin, legenda, "things to be read" is a Narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to Huesca (Uesca Latin: Osca; Greek:, Ptol ii 6 § 68 is a city in Aragon, Spain. Hispania Tarraconensis was one of three Roman provinces in Hispania. Pope When Sixtus became Bishop of Rome in 257, Lawrence was ordained a deacon and was placed in charge of the administration of Church goods and care for the poor. Events By Place Roman Empire Valerian I recovers Antioch from Shapur. For this duty, he is regarded as one of the first archivists and treasurers of the Church and was made the patron of librarians.

In the persecutions under Valerian in 258, numerous priests and bishops were put to death, while Christians belonging to the nobility or the Roman Senate were deprived of their goods and exiled. For other uses see Valerian. Publius Licinius Valerianus (c 200 - after 260 commonly known in English as Valerian Events By Place Roman Empire The Goths ravage Asia Minor and Trabzon. A priest or priestess is a person having the authority or power to administer religious rites in particular rites of sacrifice to and propitiation of a deity or deities A bishop is an ordained or consecrated member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight The Roman Senate was a political institution in Ancient Rome. Pope St Sixtus II was one of the first victims of this persecution, being beheaded on August 6. Events 1538 - Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. A legend cited by St Ambrose of Milan says that Lawrence met the Pope on his way to his execution, where he is reported to have said, "Where are you going, my dear father, without your son? Where are you hurrying off to, holy priest, without your deacon? Before you never mounted the altar of sacrifice without your servant, and now you wish to do it without me?" The Pope is reported to have prophesied that "after three days you will follow me". Saint Ambrose (c 338 &ndash 4 April 397) was a bishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the fourth century Milan (Milano Milan (listen) is one of the largest cities in Italy, located in the plains of Lombardy.

Lawrence is said to have been martyred on an iron outdoor stove. During his torture Lawrence cried out "I am already roasted on one side and, if thou wouldst have me well cooked, it is time to turn me on the other. "

Cyprian, the contemporary bishop of Carthage mentions the directive of Valerian that Christian bishops, presbyters, and deacons should forthwith be punished, and records the martyrdom of Xystus bishop of Rome, in accordance with it on August 6 (Wace). This page is about Cyprian bishop of Carthage For other Cyprians see Cyprian (disambiguation. [5]

Lawrence and the Holy Chalice

St Lawrence, as represented in the Baroque interior of the church at Lampaul-Guimiliau in Brittany, a region where his veneration is very popular.
St Lawrence, as represented in the Baroque interior of the church at Lampaul-Guimiliau in Brittany, a region where his veneration is very popular. Lampaul-Guimiliau (Lambaol-Gwimilio is a commune in Finistère department in Bretagne in northwestern France. Brittany (Breizh bʁejs Bretagne; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a former independent Celtic kingdom and Duchy, now incorporated into

According to lore, among the treasure of the Roman church entrusted to Lawrence for safe-keeping was the Holy Chalice, the cup from which Jesus and the Apostles drank at the Last Supper. In Christian tradition the Holy Chalice is the vessel which Jesus used at the Last Supper to serve the wine In the Christian Gospels the Last Supper (also called the Lord's Supper or Mystical Supper) was the last meal Jesus shared with his Lawrence was able to spirit this away to Huesca with a letter and a supposed inventory, where it lay hidden and unregarded for centuries. When Augustine connects Lawrence with a chalice, it is the chalice of the Mass:

"For in that Church, you see, as you have regularly been told, he performed the office of deacon; it was there that he administered the sacred chalice of Christ’s blood". "[6]

According to Christian mythology, the Holy Grail is a relic that was sent by St. Christian mythology ( μῦθος (mythos in Greek is the body of traditional Narratives associated with Christianity. According to Christian mythology, the Holy Grail was the dish plate or cup used by Jesus at the Last Supper, said to possess miraculous powers Lawrence to his parents in Spain. He entrusted this sacred chalice to a friend whom he knew would travel back to Spain, his home country. While the Holy Chalice's exact journey through the centuries is disputed, it is generally accepted by Catholics that the Chalice was sent by his family to a monastery for preservation and veneration. Historical records indicate that this chalice has been venerated and preserved by a number of monks and monasteries through the ages. Today the Holy Grail is venerated in a special chapel in the Catholic Cathedral of Valencia, Spain, in the region of St. The Cathedral of Valencia (Metropolitan Basilica Cathedral commonly known as the " Seu " in Catalan, is the see of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese Lawrence's birth and early life.

The jewels of St Lawrence

After the death of Sixtus, the prefect of Rome demanded that Lawrence turn over the riches of the Church. Ambrose is the earliest source for the tale that Lawrence asked for three days to gather together the wealth. [7] Lawrence worked swiftly to distribute as much Church property to the poor as possible, so as to prevent its being seized by the prefect. On the third day, at the head of a small delegation, he presented himself to the prefect, and when ordered to give up the treasures of the Church, he presented the poor, the crippled, the blind and the suffering, and said that these were the true treasures of the Church. One account records him declaring to the prefect, "The Church is truly rich, far richer than your emperor. " This act of defiance led directly to his martyrdom. This can be compared to the parallel Roman tale of the jewels of Cornelia. Cornelia Scipionis Africana (born ca 190 BC - died 100 BC was the second daughter of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, the hero of the Second Punic War, and

Martyrdom

The shrine in Rome containing the gridiron said to have been used to grill Saint Lawrence to death
The shrine in Rome containing the gridiron said to have been used to grill Saint Lawrence to death

By tradition, Lawrence was sentenced at San Lorenzo in Miranda, martyred at San Lorenzo in Panisperna, and buried in the Via Tiburtina in the Catacomb of Cyriaca by Hippolytus and Justinus, a presbyter. The Temple of Antoninus and Faustina is an ancient Roman temple in Rome, adapted to the church of San Lorenzo in Miranda. San Lorenzo in Panisperna, or San Lorenzo in Formosa is a church on Via Panisperna, Rome. The first Burial galleries to be referred to as catacombs lie beneath San Sebastiano fuori le mura, in Rome. Tradition holds that Lawrence was burned or "grilled" to death, hence his association with the gridiron. One of the early sources for the martyrdom of Saint Lawrence was the description by Aurelius Prudentius Clemens in his Peristephanon, Hymn II. Aurelius Prudentius Clemens was a Roman Christian Poet, born in the Roman Province of Tarraconensis (now Northern

Constantine I is said to have built a small oratory in honour of the martyr, which was a station on the itineraries of the graves of the Roman martyrs by the 7th century. Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus (27 February ca. 272 &ndash 22 May 337 commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine Pope Damasus I rebuilt or repaired the church, now known as San Lorenzo fuori le Mura, while the minor basilica of San Lorenzo in Panisperna was built over the place of his martyrdom. Pope The Basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura &mdash also known in the English language as Saint Lawrence outside the Walls &mdash is one of the most important San Lorenzo in Panisperna, or San Lorenzo in Formosa is a church on Via Panisperna, Rome. The gridiron of the martyrdom was placed by Pope Paschal II in the church of San Lorenzo in Lucina. Paschal II, born Ranierius, (died January 21, 1118) was Pope from August 13, 1099 until his death San Lorenzo in Lucina is a basilica of Rome, dating back to the 4th century and dedicated to Saint Lawrence, Roman Deacon and Martyr

Veneration

The stone on which Saint Lawrence's body was laid after his death, in San Lorenzo fuori le mura
The stone on which Saint Lawrence's body was laid after his death, in San Lorenzo fuori le mura

Lawrence is one of the most widely venerated saints of the Catholic Church. Lawrence is also venerated in the Anglo-Catholic tradition; a major church in the City of Sydney, Australia, situated in the civil (land division) parish of St Lawrence adopted St Lawrence as patron notwithstanding its primary dedication as 'Christ Church', and there was an Anglican order in Melbourne Victoria Australia, the order does not exist as such anymore but they founded the organisation known as the Brotherhood of St Laurence that still bears this name. Devotion to him was widespread by the 4th century. As his martyrdom occurred very early in Church history, many other Christians honor him as well.

Lawrence is especially honored in the city of Rome, where he is one of the city's patrons. There are several churches in Rome dedicated to him, including San Lorenzo in Panisperma, traditionally identified as the place of his execution. He is invoked by librarians, cooks, and tanners as their patron. His celebration on 10 August has the rank of feast throughout the Catholic world. Events 612 BC - Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire A religious festival is a time of special importance marked by adherents to that Religion. [8] On this day, the reliquary containing his burnt head is displayed in the Vatican for veneration.

The Divine Office accords this special prayer to him on his feast day (from the translation in Christian Prayer):

"Father, you called Saint Lawrence to serve you by love and crowned his life with glorious martyrdom. Help us to be like him in loving you and doing your work. Grant this through our Lord Jesus Christ, your Son, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

Other

Saint Lawrence is referenced in Giovanni Boccaccio's Decameron in tale 6. The Decameron (subtitle Prencipe Galeotto) is a collection of 100 Novellas by Italian author Giovanni Boccaccio, probably begun in 10, where the veneration of the saint is used by a friar to escape an embarrassing situation. A Friar is a member of one of the Mendicant orders. Friars and monks Friars differ from Monks in that they are called to a life of poverty in service [9]

References

  1. ^ The means of his martyrdom
  2. ^ Symbol of his status as a deacon
  3. ^ Owing to the method of his martyrdom, on a gridiron. Deacon is a role in the Christian Church that is generally associated with service of some kind but which varies among theological and denominational traditions
  4. ^ Ambrose, de Officina, 1. 41
  5. ^ Cyprian, Epistles 80. 1: ad Successum
  6. ^ Augustine, Sermon on St. Lawrence
  7. ^ Ambrose of Milan, De officiis min. , 2. 28
  8. ^ From the oldest Christian calendars, such as the Almanac of Philocalus for the year 354, the inventory of which contains the principal feasts of the Roman martyrs of the middle of the fourth century AD, onwards.
  9. ^ See Summary of Decameron tales

See also

External links

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